廣州八年級(jí)英語下冊(cè)u(píng)nit1知識(shí)點(diǎn)講解及習(xí)題附答案

..第一節(jié)：語法選擇1.YaoMingisoneof____________intheworld. A.mostfamousbasketballplayer B.themostfamousbasketballplayer C.themostfamousbasketballplayers D.themorefamousbasketballplayers2.Whenyouphonedmeat7o’clockyesterday,I___________TV. A.watched B.havewatched C.waswatching D.amwatching3.Mylittlebrotherwas___________incollectingstamps. A.interest B.interested C.interesting D.interests4.Thereportergives____________informationtoreaders. A.anumberof B.much C.thenumberof D.many5.I_________amealwhenyou_________me. A.cooked;werephoning B.wascooking;phoned C.wascooking;werephoning D.cooked;phoned6.BenjaminFranklinwascurious__________howthingsworked. A.in B.on C.about D.of7.--______________________--Oh,thatwouldbegood.Thanksalot. A.Couldyouhelpme" B.Pleasepickupthebook. C.I’msorry.Ibrokethevase. D.CanIhelpyouwithanything"8.Mygrandmotherhasfourgrandchildren,_________me. A.includes B.including C.included D.include9.Myparentshavealwaysencouragedme_________anythingIwantto. A.totry B.trying C.tried D.tries10._______shewaswatchingTV,sheheardasoundoutsidetheroom. A.When B.As C.Assoonas D.While第二節(jié)：語法選擇〔共10小題；每題1分，總分值10分〕WhenIhadsomethingdifficulttodo,Iusedtoaskmymother11help.Butshealwayssaid,"Doityourself,dear.〞Iwasnotgladatall.I12shewasthelaziestmotherintheworld!Forexample,oneday,Idecidedtoinvite13friendstomyhome.Mybedroomwasnotinorder.14Ididn’tmakethebed.Iasked15mothertohelpmecleanit,butshesaid,"Doityourself,girl.〞SoIdiditbymyself.Andshemademeunhappyfor16longtime.17mymotheris"lazy〞,Ihavetowashmyclothesandcleanmyroom.Ihavetohelpmyparents18housework.Ievenhavetogotothedentistbymyself.Itisreallyhardformetodoeverythingwell，butIhavelearned19．Astimegoesby，Iunderstandmymother．Shemakesmecleveranddiligent.Whatagreatmother!Agoodmother20equaltoonehundredteachers!Don’tyouthinkso"11.A.in B.forC.toD.of12.A.thinkB.amthinkingC.thoughtD.willthink13.A.someB.anyC.1ittleD.few14.A.ButB.SoC.OrD.And15.A.IB.meC.myD.mine16.A.aB.anC.theD.／17.A.IfB.UntilC.BecauseD.Before18.A.doB.doingC.didD.done19.A.alittleB.alotC.alittleofD.alotof20.A.isB.areC.havebeenD.hadbeen三、完形填空〔共10小題；每題1分，總分值10分〕BessieColemanwasbornintheUSA.Herfamilywas21.Shewasincollegeforonlyoneyear.Shehadto22becauseshedidnothaveenoughmoneytofinishherstudies.Butduringthatyear,shelearnedabout23.ShereadaboutthefirstflightoftheWrightBrothersandthefirstAmericanwomanpilot,HarrietQuimby.Bessieoftenthoughtaboutwhatitwouldfeelliketoflylikeabird.24theageof23,BessieColemanwenttoChicago.There,shedidsomeordinaryjobs.Butshewantedtodosomethingmoreimportant.Shedecidedtolearn25toflyplanes.Shesoonfound26wasalmostimpossibletogetintoaflightschool,whichwouldadmita27woman"BessielearnedthatshewouldhaveabetterchanceinEurope.Soshebegantostudy28atalanguageschoolinChicago．AfterWorldWarI,BessieColemanwenttoFrance.Shewenttothefamous29schoolinnorthernFrance.Shelearnedtoflyinaplanethere.She30sevenmonthsofflighttrainingandin1921gotherinternationalpermittoflyinFrance.Shebecamethefirstblackwomanevertohaveaninternationalpilot’slicense.21.A.rich B.poor C.big D.small22.A.1eave B.e C.arrive D.stay23.A.singing B.jumping C.flying D.driving24.A.With B.To C.For D.At25.A.where B.when C.how D.why26.A.that B.this C.it D.there27.A.beautiful B.smart C.white D.black28.A.English B.French C.Chinese D.Japanese29.A.art B.flight C.language D.dance30.A.finished B.provided C.missed D.changed四、閱讀理解〔共10小題；每題2分，總分值20分〕AThePresidentsoftheUSAManyAmericanpresidentsinthe19thcenturywereborninpoorfamilies.Theyspenttheirchildhoodinlittlewoodenhouses.Theygotlittleeducation.WashingtonandLincoln,forexample,neverwenttoschoolandtheytaughtthemselves.Lincolnoncedidjobsofaworker,shopkeeperandpostofficerinhisearlyyears.ManyUSpresidentshadexperiencesinthearmy.Thetwobest-knownwereUlyssesGrantandDwightD.Eisenhower.GrantwasageneralandEisenhowerwasaherointhewar.Itsohappenedthattheygraduatedfromthesameschool--WestPointMilitaryAcademy.Peoplemaybesurprisedtolearnthatbothofthemdidnotdowellintheschool.Eisenhower,forexample,wasoncefinedbecausehebroketherulesoftheschool.ThejobsofUSpresidentsaretiring.Hemustkeepaneyeonanythingimportantwhichhappensbothathomeandabroad.Everyday,alotofworkwaitsforhimtodo,andhehastodecideonalotofthings.WhenFranklinRooseveltwasachild,hewasoncebroughttovisitPresidentTaft．Theoldpresidentsaidtohim,"Whenyougrowup，youshouldnotbepresident.It’satiringjob.〞31.Inthe19thcentury，manyUSpresidents______________.A.workedasworkers,shop-keepersandpostofficersintheirearlyyearsB.didn’twanttogotoschoolwhentheywereyoungC.didn’tknowmuchabouttheirworkD.couldn’treceivegoodeducationbeforetheygrewup32.PresidentEisenhowerbecamewell-known____________.A.whenhewasachildB.afterhebecamePresidentoftheUSAC.inthewarD.whilestudyinginWestPointMilitaryAcademy33.Themainideaofthesecondparagraphis______________.A.GrantandEisenhowerbecamewell-knownbecausetheybothgraduatedfromafamousschoolB.manyoftheUSpresidentshadbeeninthearmybeforetheytookofficeC.Eisenhowerdidn’tdowellintheschoolD.onlypeoplefrommilitaryschoolscouldbepresidents34.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"keepaneyeon〞inthethirdparagraphmean" A.Neverkeepinmind. B.Paynoattentionto. C.Lookatsomethingwithoneeye. D.Paycloseattentionto.35.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothelastparagraph" A.ItisanimportantandtiringjobtobetheUSpresident. B.PresidentTaftdidn’twantRoosevelttobeapresidentbecausehewastooyoung. C.NoneofthepresidentsexceptTaftcoulddothetiringjob. D.IntheUSAnoonewantedtobepresidentbecauseitwastootiring.BYangguang·ChinaBeijingistheplacetogo!BestofBeijing5DaysFrom￥7992nightsBeijingHotel&2nightsChangchengHotelBookonlineorcall7654321.yangguangtour.BeijingHotel:ClosetoTian’anmenSquarePrize-winninggardenBars&FrenchrestaurantSwimmingpoolChangchengHotel:GardenswithmountainviewsRestaurants&CaféNightClubBusestothedowntownareaDepartureDatePrice8June￥89929July￥99930August￥79930September￥1299Tobook,chooseyourpreferreddeparturedateBusinessHoursWeekdays:24hoursWeekends:8am–6pm36.Whichofthetwohotelscanweswimat" A.BeijingHotel B.ChangchengHotel C.Neither D.Both37.IfwewanttosetoffaroundNationalDay(國(guó)慶節(jié)),whichdeparturedateshouldwechoose" A.8June B.29July C.30August D.30September38.Wecannotbookbytelephoneat_________. A.9:00a.m.,Monday B.9:00p.m.,Thursday C.9:00a.m.,Saturday D.9:00p.m.,Sunday39.Accordingtothead(),whichofthefollowingisTRUE" A.ThisadisgivenbyaBeijingtravelpany. B.ChangchengHotelisinthecentreofBeijing.C.Wecansave￥500leavinginlateAugustinsteadoflateSeptember. D.WecanstayinBeijingforfournightsandfourdays.40.Wherecanyouprobablyreadthead" A.Astorybook. B.Anovel. C.Aguidebook. D.Anotebook.五、寫作〔共三節(jié)，總分值25分〕第一節(jié)：?jiǎn)卧~拼寫〔共5小題；每題1分，總分值5分〕41.Acara_____________happenedhereyesterday.42.LangLang’ss_______________cameataprice.43.MichaelPhelpswon8goldm____________in2008BeijingOlympicGames.44.Bees(蜜蜂)areh___________________animals.45.HeathFranciso_____________alotofproblemsbeforewinningthematches.第二節(jié)：完成句子〔共5小題；每題2分，總分值10分〕46.工人們對(duì)于每天做同樣的事情感到厭倦。 Workers_____________________________doingthesamethingseveryday.47.杰克正在看電視播放的卡通。 Jackiswatchingcartoons___________________________.48.郎朗三歲開場(chǎng)上鋼琴課。 LangLangbegantakingpianolessons____________________________three.49.瑪麗的母親對(duì)她要求很嚴(yán)格。 Mary’smother_____________________________her.50.由于長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的工作，懷特先生昨天病了。 Mr.White_________________yesterdaybecauseoflong-timework.第三節(jié)：書面表達(dá)〔10分〕請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下要點(diǎn)和提示詞寫一篇60詞左右的作文。1.比爾·蓋茨是世界上最富有的人之一，他以個(gè)人電腦軟件而聞名。2.比爾·蓋茨1955年10月28日出生于美國(guó)西雅圖。3.他13歲開場(chǎng)對(duì)電腦程序產(chǎn)生興趣，1973年進(jìn)入哈佛大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)。4.1975年他與好友成立微軟公司，目前是全球最大的電腦軟件供給商。5.比爾·蓋茨是一個(gè)充滿愛心的人。他喜歡打高爾夫球和網(wǎng)球。提示詞：BillGates,befamousfor,personal,software,Seattle,HarvardUniversity,MicrosoftCorporation,provider,kind-hearted,golf__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________重點(diǎn)單詞的講解raisev.籌集；提升；增加第三人稱單數(shù)：raises過去式：raised過去分詞：raised現(xiàn)在分詞：raising搭配：raiseone’svoice提高嗓門；raiseafamily養(yǎng)家糊口；raisemoney籌款；raiseprice提高價(jià)格；raiseone’sspirits打起精神raise=keep有"飼養(yǎng)，撫養(yǎng)〞的意思，如：raisecattle=keepcattle〔飼養(yǎng)牲口〕和raisechildren〔撫養(yǎng)孩子〕辨析：raise,rise(rise--rose--risen)的區(qū)別(1)這兩個(gè)詞都有"提高，上升，增加〞的意思，但其用法不同。raise是及物動(dòng)詞，其主語通常是人；而rise是不及物動(dòng)詞，其主語通常是物。例如：Thesunrisesandbathestheearth.太陽升起，普照。(2)raise和rise用于同一事物時(shí)含義不同。例如：ThepriceofTVsetshasbeenraisedrecently.最近電視機(jī)提價(jià)了?！舱驈S家主動(dòng)行動(dòng)〕ThepriceofTVsetshasrisenrecently.最近電視機(jī)提價(jià)了?！彩袌?chǎng)調(diào)節(jié)〕permissionn.=agreement準(zhǔn)許；批準(zhǔn)Writealettertotheheadteachertoaskpermissiontoraisemoney.給校長(zhǎng)寫一封信請(qǐng)求允許籌錢。同根詞：permitv.=allowyoutodoit許可，準(zhǔn)許；默許Theguardspermittedmetobringmycameraandtaperecorder.disabledadj.有傷殘的；喪失能力的；不中用Itaughtdisabledchildrentosing.我教殘疾的孩子唱歌。同根詞：disablev.=make(sb.)unabletodosth.使無能力；使殘廢，使傷殘Heisdisabledfromvoting.他失去了選舉資格。enablev.=make(sb.)abletodosth.使〔某人〕能夠做某事Thenewtestshouldenabledoctorstodetectthediseaseearly.新的檢測(cè)手段應(yīng)該能夠使醫(yī)生們盡早查出這種疾病。搭配：mentallydisabled有智力缺陷learningdisabilities學(xué)習(xí)障礙offerv.=bewillingtodosomething主動(dòng)提出Peterofferedtoteachthemwater-skiing.彼得主動(dòng)提出教他們滑水。搭配：offerone’shand伸出友好的手offersb.sth.為某人提供某物Theyhaveofferedmealargesumofmoneytogoaway.他們?cè)鵀槲姨峁┮淮蠊P搬遷費(fèi)辨析：provide,offer的區(qū)別：provide用于表示無主動(dòng)大方之意地為人或物提供需要或有用的東西，僅僅是出于某種責(zé)任，強(qiáng)調(diào)提供必須用的東西，尤其是生活用品。常用于providesb.withsth.或providesth.forsb.的固定搭配中。offer表示主動(dòng)提供效勞、工作等。常用于offersb.sth.或offersth.tosb.固定搭配中。例如：offersb.主動(dòng)提出幫助某人；offersb.agoodsalary給某人一個(gè)好工資。Somehowshemanagedtoprovideherchildrenwithfoodandclothing.她總算設(shè)法使她的孩子有飯吃，有衣穿。Heofferedmeaglassofwine.=Heofferedaglassofwinetome.他端給我一杯酒。illnessn.〔某種〕病Thechildrenthereallsufferfromseriousillness.那里的孩子都遭受疾病的折磨。同根詞：illadj.有病的〔比擬級(jí)：worse,最高級(jí)：worst〕辨析：ill,sick的區(qū)別：ill和sick都有"生病的；有病的〞之意，但用法并不完全一樣。ill表示"生病的；有病的〞這一意思時(shí)，一般用作表語，不能作定語；而sick既可以作表語又可以作定語，如"病人〞可以說asickman或thesick,但不能說anillman或theill。例如：Sheisill/sickinbed.她臥病在床。Sheislookingafterhersickfather.她在照顧她生病的父親。sick有"惡心的；厭倦的〞之意。例如：Thesmellmakesmesick.這氣味使我感到惡心。ill作定語修飾名詞時(shí)是"壞的；邪惡的〞之意。例如：Heisanillman.他是一個(gè)邪惡的人。organizev.組織Intheend,wealldecidedtoorganizeaconcertforEaster.最終，我們一致決定組織一場(chǎng)復(fù)活節(jié)音樂會(huì)。同根詞：organizationn.組織；機(jī)構(gòu)；團(tuán)體Whatdoyouknowaboutourorganization"關(guān)于我們的組織你知道些什么？expressv.表達(dá)；表露Thishelpsthemexpresstheirfeelings.這有助于他們表達(dá)他們的情感。同根詞：expressionn.表現(xiàn)，表示，表達(dá)；表情Shegaveexpressiontohersadness.她流露出了悲傷之情。lonelyadj.孤獨(dú)的；寂寞的；荒涼的〔比擬級(jí)：lonelier最高級(jí)：loneliest〕Itfeltliketheloneliestplaceintheworld.感覺這就像是天底下最荒涼的地方。辨析：lonely,alone的區(qū)別：alone為形容詞，意為"單獨(dú)的〞，只作表語，不能作定語。側(cè)重說明單獨(dú)一人，沒有助手或同伴，沒有感情色彩的只表示客觀的狀態(tài)。lonely意為"孤獨(dú)的〞，表示主觀上感到孤獨(dú)、寂寞，有較濃的感情色彩，指因缺少朋友、同情、友誼等產(chǎn)生的一種悲傷和憂郁的感情。它為形容詞，在句中作表語或定語。作定語時(shí)，意為"荒涼；偏僻〞，多修飾表示地點(diǎn)的名詞。alone還可以作副詞。aloneadv.單獨(dú)；單獨(dú)Shewenthomealone.=Shewenthomebyherself.她單獨(dú)回家去了。Theoldmanlivesinalonelytown,helivesalonebuthedoesn’tfeellonely.這位老人住在偏僻的鎮(zhèn)上，他單獨(dú)一人住著，但他并不感到孤獨(dú)。friendshipn.友情；友誼同根詞：friendn.朋友復(fù)數(shù)：friends.Ihadalongtalkaboutthiswithmybestfriend.friendlyadj.友好的Roberthasafriendlyrelationshipwithhiscustomers.friendlinessn.友善Shealsolovesthefriendlinessofthepeople.她也喜歡人們的友善。difficultyn.=benotabletodosomethingeasily困難；費(fèi)力Thecountryisfacinggreateconomicdifficulties.該國(guó)正面臨巨大的經(jīng)濟(jì)困難。同根詞：difficultadj.=hardtodo困難的Thechildisgoingthroughadifficultphase.那孩子正經(jīng)歷困難的階段。搭配：havedifficulty(in)doingsomething做……有困難Ihadnodifficulty(in)makingmyselfunderstood.我毫不費(fèi)力地表達(dá)了自己的意思。indifficulty/difficulties處境困難Thebankisindifficulty/difficulties.這家銀行處境困難。joyn.=afeelingofgreathappiness愉快；喜悅Itaughtthemtosingbecausemusiccanbringthemjoyandpeace.我教他們唱歌，因?yàn)橐魳纺軒Ыo他們喜悅與寧靜。同根詞：joyfuln.快樂的，快樂的；令人開心的，使人喜悅的Hewasexcitedandjoyfulatthesuccess.他因成功而沖動(dòng)欣喜。搭配：toone’sjoy令人快樂的是，使某人快樂的是Toherjoyhersonwaspermittedtoakeyuniversity.peacen.平靜；寧靜theNobelPeacePrize諾貝爾和平獎(jiǎng)OnemorequestionandI’llleaveyouinpeace.再問一個(gè)問題，我就不打攪你了。同根詞：peacefuladj.和平的；愛好和平的；安靜的；平靜的Eveninginthecountryisaverypeacefultime.鄉(xiāng)村里的今晚是平靜安謐的時(shí)刻。hurtv.=injure使疼痛；受傷Timhurthislegsinanaccident,buthehaslotsofcourage.提姆在一次事故中傷了腿，但他很勇敢。同根詞：hurtadj.受傷的；痛苦的；〔受〕損壞的Theydidnotseemtobebadlyhurt.他們看起來沒有受重傷。搭配：hurtoneself受傷Haveyouhurtyourself"你傷著自己了嗎？couragen.勇氣；勇敢Heshowedgreatcourageanddetermination.他表現(xiàn)得十分勇敢和果斷。同根詞：encouragev.鼓勵(lì)，鼓舞；支持；促進(jìn)；煽動(dòng)MyEnglishteacheroftenencouragesustoreadEnglishaloud.搭配：takeone’scourageinbothhands鼓起勇氣去做；敢作敢為Takinghercourageinbothhands,sheopenedthedoorandwalkedin.她壯著膽翻開門，走了進(jìn)去。courageinthefaceofdanger面對(duì)危險(xiǎn)時(shí)的膽量payv.付款；歸還We

paid

?35

for

each

ticket.

我們每票付了35英鎊。同根詞：pay

n.

工資；薪水；報(bào)答Theyplainedabouttheirpayandconditions.他們抱怨他們的薪水和工作條件。搭配：payoff償清〔債務(wù)〕；支付〔債務(wù)〕的全部數(shù)額payfor為……付款payattentionto注意payavisitto去參觀，拜訪辨析：spend,take,cost和pay的用法區(qū)別：take,spend,cost,pay都可以表示"花費(fèi)〞，但用法卻不盡一樣。spend的主語必須是人，常用于以下構(gòu)造：(1)spendtime/moneyonsth.在……上花費(fèi)時(shí)間〔金錢〕。例如：Ispenttwohoursonthismathsproblem.這道數(shù)學(xué)題花了我兩個(gè)小時(shí)。(2)spendtime/money(in)doingsth.花費(fèi)時(shí)間〔金錢〕做某事。例如：Theyspenttwoyears(in)buildingthisbridge.造這座橋花了他們兩年時(shí)間。(3)spendmoneyforsth.花錢買……

例如：Hismoneywasspentforbooks.他的錢用來買書了。cost的主語是物或某種活動(dòng)，還可以表示"值〞，常見用法如下：sth.costs(sb.)+金錢，某物花了〔某人〕多少錢。例如：Anewputercostsalotofmoney.(doing)sth.costs(sb.)+時(shí)間，某物〔做某事〕花了〔某人〕多少時(shí)間。例如：Rememberingthesenewwordscosthimalotoftime.他花了大量時(shí)間才記住了這些單詞。注意：cost的過去式及過去分詞都是cost，并且不能用于被動(dòng)句。take后面常跟雙賓語，常見用法有以下幾種：Ittakessb.+時(shí)間+todosth.做某事花了某人多少時(shí)間。例如：Ittookthemthreeyearstobuildthisroad.他們用三年時(shí)間修完了這條路。doingsth.takessb.+時(shí)間，做某事花了某人多少時(shí)間。例如：Repairingthiscartookhimthewholeafternoon.他花了一下午修車。pay的根本用法是：pay(sb.)moneyforsth.付錢〔給某人〕買……

例如：Ihavetopaythem20poundsforthisr