2024屆高考英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí)選擇性必修第四冊Unit1ScienceFiction教師用書

UNIT1SCIENCEFICTION一、閱讀詞匯——在詞塊中明義1．sciencefiction 科幻小說2．a(chǎn)nnualbonus 年終紅利3．a(chǎn)ridiculousrumour 荒謬的謠言4．a(chǎn)manofintegrity 一個(gè)誠實(shí)正直的人5．withgraceanddignity 文雅而莊重6．a(chǎn)nabsurdidea 一個(gè)荒唐的想法7．busfares 公交車車費(fèi)8．excuseforinaction 不采取措施的理由9．a(chǎn)lienforcesintheregion 該地區(qū)的外國軍隊(duì)10．griptherope 抓緊繩子11．befilledwithhazyfrost 彌漫著朦朧的霧靄12．themaximumheight 最高高度13．payahugesalary 付一大筆薪水14．fallbackwards 仰面摔倒15．fetchsomebooks 拿來一些書二、表達(dá)詞匯——在語境中活用(一)在括號(hào)內(nèi)寫出藍(lán)體詞匯在語境中的漢語意思1．Someofthestudiesshowpositiveresults,whereasothersdonot.(conj.然而)2．WegoanddotheweeklyshoppingeveryThursday.(adj.每周的)3．Thecompanywantstokeepdownlabourcosts.(n.勞動(dòng))4．Manypeoplewerenotsatisfiedwiththepaceofchange.(n.速度)(二)寫出藍(lán)體詞匯的語境之義及拓展形式1．Shemadeanappointmentforhersontoseethedoctor.(n.預(yù)約)拓展：appointv．任命；委任；安排→appointedadj.指定的；約定的2．Hisguiltyexpressionconfirmedmysuspicions.(adj.內(nèi)疚的)拓展：guiltn．內(nèi)疚；悔恨；犯罪3．Thepopulationexplodesto40,000duringthetouristseason.(vi.激增)拓展：explosionn．爆炸；爆發(fā)；激增4．Idismissedtheproblemfrommymind.(vt.消除)拓展：dismissaln．解雇；免職5．Hedeclaredhewouldnotrunforasecondtermaspresident.(vt.宣稱)拓展：declarationn．申報(bào)(單)；宣布；公告6．FromthisyoucancalculatethetotalmassintheGalaxy.(vt.計(jì)算)拓展：calculationn．計(jì)算→calculatorn．計(jì)算器7．Wehavearelationshipinfinitelysuperiortothoseofmanyofourfriends.(adj.更好的)拓展：superiorityn．優(yōu)越感；優(yōu)勢；優(yōu)越(性)8．Itaughtmydaughterhowtododivisionattheageofsix.(n.除法)拓展：dividev．(使)分開9．TheyurgedCongresstoapproveplansfortheirreformprogramme.(vt.力勸)拓展：urgencyn．緊迫；急事→urgentadj.緊急的；迫切的→urgentlyadv.迫切地；緊急地10．ThesurveyusedarandomsampleoftwothousandpeopleacrosstheMidwest.(adj.隨機(jī)的)拓展：randomlyadv.隨機(jī)；隨意；未加計(jì)劃地三、詞塊短語——在語境中辨義活用寫出或選出加藍(lán)部分在語境中的漢語意思1．Thenewproducthadbeentestedoutbeforeitwasputonthemarket.檢驗(yàn)2．Theorganizationencouragesmemberstomeetonaregularbasisaswellasprovidesthemwithfinancialsupport.定期3．Althoughsheismyteacher,MsWangandIaremorelikefriends.更像是4．Doyouknowwhatthisproductis?Orrather，whatitdoes？更確切地說5．Afterhisdefeat,manyofhissupportersfellaway.消失6．Theiropinionontheaccidentconflictedwithours.與……沖突或抵觸7．Thismodelof5Gmobilephoneisfarsuperiortoanyothers.比……更好8．Wehaveanurgetogiveadviceimmediatelytomakethepersonfeelbetterandtrytofixtheproblem.有強(qiáng)烈的欲望9．MissSmithisleavingtogetmarriedandMissJoneswilltakeovertheclass.AA．接手 B．吸收C．呈現(xiàn)D．占據(jù)10．Youcan'texpecteverythingtoturnoutasyouwish.DA．關(guān)掉 B．熄滅C．在場 D．結(jié)果是四、經(jīng)典句式——在佳句背誦中品悟規(guī)則用法1.教材原句Asafavour,TonypromisedtohelpClairemakeherselfmorebeautifulandherhomemoreelegant.(“make＋賓語＋賓語補(bǔ)足語”結(jié)構(gòu))作為一項(xiàng)恩惠，托尼答應(yīng)幫助克萊爾把她變得更漂亮些，也把她的家變得更雅致些。寫作亮句(2020·全國卷Ⅰ書面表達(dá))Weallrespectherbecauseshealwaystriesnewwaystomakeherclasseslivelyandinteresting.我們都很尊敬她，因?yàn)樗偸菄L試新的方法使她的課生動(dòng)有趣。文化典句(2022·浙江1月高考寫作)IfelthetreatedmeasthoughIwouldholdhimbackandprobablymakehimfailtogetanAinthecourse.我覺得他對待我好像我會(huì)阻止他，可能會(huì)讓他在課程中得不到A。2.教材原句HesuggestedthatsheinviteGladysandherfriendstothehousethenightbeforehewastoleaveandLarrywastoreturn.[suggestthat...(should)dosth.]托尼還建議在他離開，也就是拉里回家的前一天晚上，克萊爾邀請格拉迪絲和她的朋友們到家里來。寫作亮句Isuggestyou(should)gototheofficetoconsultyourteacheraboutthemethodsoflearningEnglish.我建議你應(yīng)該去辦公室向你的老師咨詢學(xué)習(xí)英語的方法。文化典句Itissuggestedthatwe(should)limittheamountofcarstoimproveourenvironment.人們建議我們應(yīng)該限制汽車的數(shù)量來改善我們的環(huán)境。3.教材原句Itwouldnotbesurprisingifwefounditdifficulttodistinguishbetweenrealityandsciencefictioninthefuture.(find＋it＋賓語補(bǔ)足語＋不定式)如果我們發(fā)現(xiàn)將來很難區(qū)分現(xiàn)實(shí)和科幻小說，那也就不足為奇了。寫作亮句(2021·全國乙卷書面表達(dá))Ifinditexcitingtostandhereandaddressmyspeechtitled“Besmartonlinelearners”．站在這里發(fā)表題為“成為聰明的在線學(xué)習(xí)者”的演講，我感到非常激動(dòng)。4.教材原句Nightcameasifalampwasbeingturnedout,andinanothermomentcametheday.(asif引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句)夜幕降臨了，仿佛一盞燈正在熄滅，轉(zhuǎn)眼間，白晝就來臨了。寫作亮句Ifeltlostandanxious,asifIhadmissedsomethingofvalue.我感到茫然、焦慮，仿佛我錯(cuò)過了寶貴的東西。五、名著精美語段選摘——在背誦中品悟如何寫靚寫美AnExcerptfromOliverTwistAndsoOliverwasleftwithonlythedrunkennurse.Withoutclothes,underhisfirstblanket,hecouldhavebeenthechildofakingorabeggar.Butwhenthewomandressedhimlaterinroughcottonclothes,yellowwithage,helookedexactlywhathewas—anorphaninaworkhouse,readyforalifeofmisery,hunger,andneglect.Olivercriedloudly.Ifhecouldhaveknownthathewasaworkhouseorphan,perhapshewouldhavecriedevenmoreloudly.奧利弗就這樣被留下了，由那位醉醺醺的看護(hù)一個(gè)人看著。他光著身子，裹在畢生第一塊毯子里，既可以是國王的兒子，也可以是乞丐的兒子?？珊髞砝蠇D人給他穿上了由于年頭太久而發(fā)了黃的粗棉布衣服，這時(shí)，他看上去和他的身份完全一致了——一個(gè)濟(jì)貧院的孤兒，準(zhǔn)備好了去過一種充滿苦難、饑餓和不被關(guān)注的生活。奧利弗大聲哭著。他要是知道他是濟(jì)貧院的孤兒的話，或許他會(huì)哭得更起勁些。[點(diǎn)評]本段話中運(yùn)用虛擬句式“Withoutclothes...couldhavebeen...”，“Ifhecouldhaveknown...wouldhavecriedevenmoreloudly.”和渲染情感的詞匯“drunken,roughcottonclothes,yellowwithage,misery,hunger,neglect”告訴讀者Oliver的出身也許高貴，但生來命運(yùn)就主宰在別人手里，注定要經(jīng)歷坎坷與磨難。1．superioradj.更好的；占優(yōu)勢的；(在級(jí)別或重要性上)更高的n.上級(jí)；上司[題點(diǎn)全練](完成句子)①Itcannotbequestionedthatthenewmethodis_superior_totheoldone.新方法比舊方法更好，這是不容置疑的。②MrLiuis_three_years_junior_tome,butheis_senior_to_meinourcompany.劉先生比我小三歲，但是他在公司里的職位比我高。③Iconsiderthisonetobe_inferior_tothatone.我認(rèn)為這個(gè)比那個(gè)要差。[系統(tǒng)歸納](1)besuperiorto... 比……優(yōu)越(更好、強(qiáng))；優(yōu)于……beinferiorto... 低于；不如……；在……之下beseniorto 比……年長/資歷深/職位高bejuniorto 比……年輕/資歷淺/職位低(2)上述短語中的to不能換成than，因?yàn)閠o前面的形容詞本身含有比較意義。2．ona...basis根據(jù)；以……的方式(基準(zhǔn))[題點(diǎn)全練](完成句子)①On_the_basis_ofoursalesforecasts,wemaybegintomakeaprofitnextyear.根據(jù)我們的銷售預(yù)測，我們明年可能開始盈利。②Asweallknow,mostoftheratingsare_based_onothers'judgmentontheproductorserviceconcerned.正如我們所知，大多數(shù)消費(fèi)排名是基于他人對相關(guān)產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)的評價(jià)。[系統(tǒng)歸納](1)onthebasisof 根據(jù)；在……的基礎(chǔ)上；基于(2)base...on/upon 把……建立在……的基礎(chǔ)之上bebasedon/upon 以……為基礎(chǔ)/根據(jù)3．turnout關(guān)掉；熄滅；在場；使朝外；結(jié)果是；原來是；參加；(天氣)變得[題點(diǎn)全練]寫出下列各句中turnout的含義①It'snotcertainhowthingswillturnout.結(jié)果是②It'sturnedoutniceagain.(天氣)變得③Heturnedouttobeaspy.原來是④Youshouldturnthelightoutwhenleavingtheroom.關(guān)掉⑤Thousandsofpeopleturnedoutforthefuneral.參加[系統(tǒng)歸納]turn的相關(guān)短語：turnaway 轉(zhuǎn)過臉去；拒絕(某人)進(jìn)入turnagainst (使)反對；背叛turndown 調(diào)小(音量等)；拒絕turnto 向……求助；轉(zhuǎn)向；翻到；查閱；開始從事turnover (使)翻轉(zhuǎn)；反復(fù)考慮；移交1．declarevt.表明；宣稱；公布[題點(diǎn)全練](單句語法填空/句型轉(zhuǎn)換)①Hedeclaredagainsttheplanbecauseitwasn'tpractical.②Inthedeclaration(declare),theydeclaredforthegovernment'sdecisiontostrengthentraditionalChinesefestivals.③Ourschooldeclaredthatthegirlwasheadofourdepartment.→Ourschooldeclared_the_girl_to_beheadofourdepartment.[進(jìn)階學(xué)習(xí)]系統(tǒng)歸納(1)declaresb./sth.tobe宣布某人或某事是……declarefor/against表示贊成/反對……declarewar(on/against)(向……)宣戰(zhàn)declarethat...宣布……(2)declarationn.宣布；公告辨析比較(1)declare表示“宣稱；宣布”，其后的賓語可以是名詞、代詞，也可以是that從句，但習(xí)慣上不用不定式。(2)announce“公布；告知”，它所涉及的是一件對方原來不知道的事，用法較為普遍。declare含有莊嚴(yán)宣告或交代清楚的意思，它所涉及的事不一定是對方所不知道的，常用于正式場合。[練重難點(diǎn)](選詞填空：declare/announce)④ThePresidentispreparingtoannouncehisnewplanonTuesday.⑤Thecountryhadnootherchoicebuttodeclarewarontheirenemy.2．calculatevt.計(jì)算；核算；預(yù)測[題點(diǎn)全練](單句語法填空/完成句子)①We'vebeencalculatingupon/onhiscomingintime.②Thisadvertisementiscalculatedto_attract(attract)theattentionofhousewives.③Laboratoryworkneedsnotonlyaccuratemeasurementsbutalsocorrectcalculation(calculate)．④Have_you_calculated_whataholidayinFrancewouldcost?你計(jì)算過去法國度假的開銷有多大嗎？⑤Hehas_calculated_thatitwouldtakehimtwoyearstosaveupenoughforacar.他計(jì)算出要花兩年的時(shí)間才能攢夠錢買一輛車。[進(jìn)階學(xué)習(xí)]系統(tǒng)歸納(1)calculatethat/wh-clause計(jì)算……；預(yù)測……calculateon/upon依靠；期待；指望；計(jì)算becalculatedtodosth.故意做/打算做/可能做某事Itiscalculatedthat...據(jù)估算……(2)calculationn.計(jì)算辨析比較(1)calculate通常指要求細(xì)致、精確和復(fù)雜的計(jì)算，以解決疑難問題，多用于自然科學(xué)、生產(chǎn)部門或要求專門計(jì)算的場合。(2)count指逐一計(jì)算而得出總數(shù)。[練重難點(diǎn)](選詞填空：count/calculate)⑥Ithasbeencalculatedthatatleast50,000jobswerelostlastyear.⑦Icountedthemoney.Itwasmorethanfivehundreddollars.3．urgen．強(qiáng)烈的欲望；沖動(dòng)vt.催促；力勸；大力推薦[題點(diǎn)全練]單句語法填空①Hesaidthathehadanurgetoopenadepartmentstoreofhisown.②Parentsshouldactivelyurgetheirchildrento_take(take)advantageoftheopportunitytojoinsportsteams.③Theywereinterruptedbyasuddenandurgent(urge)knockatthedoor.④Thepeopleintheearthquake-strickenareaareinurgentneedoffood,medicineandshelters.一句多譯隨著期末考試的臨近，老師敦促我們努力學(xué)習(xí)。⑤Ourteacherurges_us_to_study_hardwiththefinalexamdrawingnear.(urgesb.todosth.)⑥Ourteacherurges_us_into_studying_hardwiththefinalexamdrawingnear.(urgeodoingsth.)⑦Ourteacherurges_that_we_(should)_study_hardwiththefinalexamdrawingnear.(urgethat...)[進(jìn)階學(xué)習(xí)]系統(tǒng)歸納(1)urgesb.todo/intodoingsth.強(qiáng)烈要求某人做某事urgesth.on/uponsb.大力推薦；竭力主張urgethatsb.(should)dosth.極力主張某人做某事Itisurgedthat...(should)dosth.堅(jiān)決要求……(2)haveanurgetodosth.有做某事的強(qiáng)烈欲望/沖動(dòng)(3)urgentadj.緊急的inurgentneedof急需難點(diǎn)解釋(1)urge后跟that從句或在句型Itisurgedthat...中時(shí)，that從句中謂語動(dòng)詞用虛擬語氣，即“should＋動(dòng)詞原形”，should可以省略。(2)“勸”說某人做某事的表達(dá)還有：persuadesb.todosth.說服某人做某事advisesb.todosth.建議某人做某事encouragesb.todosth.鼓勵(lì)某人做某事[練重難點(diǎn)]句型轉(zhuǎn)換⑧Theyurgedthatthelibrary(should)bekeptopenduringthevacation.→It_is_urged_that_the_library_(should)_be_keptopenduringthevacation.選詞填空(persuade/advise/encourage)⑨Nothingonearthwouldpersuademetogowithhim.⑩Theministeradvisedhimtoleaveassoonaspossible.?Theyencourageboystobesensitiveandartistic.find＋it＋賓語補(bǔ)足語＋不定式[用法規(guī)則](1)“find＋it＋adj.＋todosth.”結(jié)構(gòu)中，it作形式賓語，真正的賓語是不定式短語，形容詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語。(2)it作形式賓語，用于“動(dòng)詞＋it＋賓語補(bǔ)足語＋真正的賓語”結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，注意事項(xiàng)可按“6123”來記：①“6”指常用的動(dòng)詞：think,believe,make,find,consider,feel②“1”指形式賓語：it③“2”指賓語補(bǔ)足語的兩種形式：形容詞和名詞④“3”指真正的賓語的三種形式：不定式、動(dòng)名詞和賓語從句[應(yīng)用體驗(yàn)](單句語法填空/完成句子)①Thetwogirlsaresoalikethatstrangersfinditdifficulttotellonefromtheother.②Iconsideritnousetoquarrel(quarrel)withhimaboutit.③Ibelieve_it_necessary_thatyoushouldgooveryourhomeworkbeforeyouhanditin.我認(rèn)為你有必要在交作業(yè)之前先檢查一遍。④Nowwewillfind_it_more_and_more_difficult_to_keep_up_withthedemandforchange.現(xiàn)在，我們將會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)趕上變化的需求越來越難了。eq\a\vs4\al(\b\lc\|\rc\|(\a\vs4\al\co1(寫作主題——信息安全)))信息安全包括的范圍很廣，其中包括防范青少年瀏覽不良信息、防范個(gè)人信息的泄露等。隨著信息技術(shù)越來越廣泛地應(yīng)用于社會(huì)各個(gè)領(lǐng)域，社會(huì)發(fā)展對信息安全保障的要求不斷增強(qiáng)，日益突出的信息安全問題也帶來了新的挑戰(zhàn)。以此主題來命題可以引導(dǎo)學(xué)生提高信息安全意識(shí)，特別是網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全意識(shí)。如2020年北京高考書面表達(dá)記述居家學(xué)習(xí)期間，全班通過線上討論以“自律”為主題的調(diào)研活動(dòng)。TheInternetHarmsFriendships(節(jié)選自北師大版教材必修第二冊UNIT4)WhiletheInternetcanbringpeopleclosertogether,itcanalsoharmfriendships.(開門見山，提出論點(diǎn))Firstly,talkingonlineisnoreplacementforface-to-facecontact—imagesreallycannotreplaceareal-lifesmileorhug.?Accordingtoaparentingexpert,DeniseDaniels,communicatingthroughascreenmakesitmoredifficultforchildrentoconcentrateorshowkindnesstoothers.Asweknow,importantsocialskillsaredevelopedthroughdirectcontactwithotherpeople.?Itistheseskillsthatenableustodeveloplifelongfriendships.(分論點(diǎn)一：網(wǎng)上聊天不能代替面對面的交流。引用專家的說法，增強(qiáng)了說服力)Secondly,theInternetcanmakepeopleself-centred—notthinkingofanyoneoranythingbutthemselves.Forexample,insteadofhavingproperconversationswiththeirfriends,somepeopleareonlyconcernedwiththeironlinepopularity—Howmany“l(fā)ikes”didIget?HowmanyfollowersdoIhave？(兩個(gè)設(shè)問，反映了人們的普遍做法)—thoughweknowthatthenumberof“l(fā)ikes”orfollowerscannotcomparetohavinglong-termandrewardingfriendships.Inaddition,alotofthecontentpostedonsocialmediaisshallowortrivial.Postsaboutfunnycatimagesdonotnecessarilyhelpformmeaningfulrelationships.(分論點(diǎn)二：互聯(lián)網(wǎng)使人們以自我為中心。例證法，有力支撐了文章的觀點(diǎn))Thirdly,onlinerelationshipsmaynotbewhattheyappeartobe.?Friendshipsarebuiltonthebasisoftrust,andwithonlinecommunicationyoucanneverbe100percentsurethatthepeopleyouarechattingtoarebeinghonestaboutwhotheyare.Becauseofthis,goingonlinecanbeparticularlydangerousforpeoplewhoareeasilyinfluencedortootrusting.(分論點(diǎn)三：網(wǎng)絡(luò)關(guān)系可能并不是它們看起來的樣子。講道理，勸解警告)Inmyopinion,friendsshouldfocusmoreonface-to-facecommunication,andlessononlinecommunication.Thisisthebestwaytomaintainhealthyrelationships.(做出結(jié)論：朋友應(yīng)該多關(guān)注面對面的交流，少進(jìn)行線上交流)由教材學(xué)寫法1．學(xué)亮點(diǎn)詞匯第一段中的harm一詞直截了當(dāng)?shù)刂赋隽嘶ヂ?lián)網(wǎng)對友誼有害。第二段第一句中同時(shí)運(yùn)用了replacement與其動(dòng)詞replace，既有力表達(dá)了面對面交流的不可替代，又體現(xiàn)了語言的韻律美。第三段中的shallow和trivial準(zhǔn)確描述了社交媒體上發(fā)布的內(nèi)容的特點(diǎn)，且與本段中的rewarding，meaningful等描述友誼的詞形成對比。2．學(xué)高級(jí)句式句?是一個(gè)簡單句，句中運(yùn)用了動(dòng)名詞短語作主語和“make＋it＋adj.＋forsb.＋todo...”結(jié)構(gòu)。句子結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊，表意豐富。句?運(yùn)用了強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，強(qiáng)調(diào)了正是這些技能(通過直接與他人接觸培養(yǎng)的社交技能)使我們建立了終生的友誼。句?是一個(gè)多重復(fù)合句，句中and連接并列句。第二分句中，that引導(dǎo)名詞性從句作形容詞sure的賓語，省略了關(guān)系代詞的定語從句youarechattingto修飾先行詞people，who引導(dǎo)名詞性從句作介詞about的賓語。各種不同的從句交替運(yùn)用，層層展開，表達(dá)了豐富的句意。3．學(xué)行文邏輯本文寫作結(jié)構(gòu)為“總—分—總”。文章在開頭部分提出中心論點(diǎn)：互聯(lián)網(wǎng)對友誼有害。在本論部分將中心論點(diǎn)分成幾個(gè)橫向展開的分論點(diǎn)，然后一一進(jìn)行論證，最后在結(jié)論部分加以歸納、總結(jié)。整篇文章結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，層次分明，有力地傳達(dá)了作者的觀點(diǎn)。Ⅰ.多積詞塊——豐富表達(dá)方式1．beaddictedto 沉迷于……2．distractone'sattention 分散某人的注意力3．beusedfor 被用來……4．bythismeans 以這種方式5．makeabreakthrough 取得突破6．virtualnet 虛擬網(wǎng)7．searchengine 搜索引擎8．contributeto 有助于，促成9．makefulluseof 充分利用10．ontheInternet 在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上11．haveanimpacton 對……有影響12．makewonders 創(chuàng)造奇跡Ⅱ.多積佳句——彰顯表達(dá)功底1．Internetvotingisquitepopularnowadays.Manypeoplearesomewhatpuzzledatthenegativesideofthevoting,whilesomearequitehappywithit,andactiveindoingit.網(wǎng)絡(luò)投票如今非常流行。很多人對投票的負(fù)面影響有些疑惑，然而一些人對它相當(dāng)滿意，并積極參與。2．PeoplespendsomuchtimesurfingtheInternetatthecostoftheirhealth.人們以健康為代價(jià)，花大量的時(shí)間上網(wǎng)。3．Withtherapiddevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,avarietyofhigh-techproductshavespilledoverintoeachfieldinliving.隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的迅速發(fā)展，各種各樣的高科技產(chǎn)品滲透到生活中的各個(gè)領(lǐng)域。4．Whenanewproductcomesintobeing,itmustbetestedoutbeforeitisputintouse.當(dāng)有新產(chǎn)品問世時(shí)，在投入使用之前，一定要進(jìn)行檢驗(yàn)。5．Thismakesiteasytomakefulluseoftheapplication.這使得充分使用這款應(yīng)用程序變得簡單。一、作文提升練習(xí)下面是一篇學(xué)生習(xí)作，介紹了一個(gè)討論網(wǎng)絡(luò)優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)的辯論會(huì)。請根據(jù)上面所學(xué)，對習(xí)作進(jìn)行潤色、升級(jí)。DearPeter，TodayIgotoaconference.Intheconference,twostudentshaveadebateaboutthestrengthsandweaknessesoftheInternet.?TheymakedifferentpointsabouttheInternetanditdeeplyimpressesme.?OnethinksifwespendtoomuchtimeontheInternet,itwillbedifficulttocommunicatewithothers.HeisquiteclearabouthowmuchmoretimeInternetusersspendwiththeire-palsthanwiththeirtruefriends.TheotheraddressesthegoodpointsoftheInternet.?TheInternetmakesitparticularlyeasytoaccessinformationintime.Peoplecankeeptheirfriendshipthroughchattingonlinedespitelivingindistantplaces.MyviewisthattheInternetisbeneficial.________，Iwouldbeunabletowritethisemailtoyou!Yours，LiHua(一)將文中加藍(lán)詞匯升級(jí)1．true→real-life2．keep→maintain(二)根據(jù)提示將文中句子升級(jí)1．用非限制性定語從句升級(jí)句?_They_make_different_points_about_the_Internet,_which_deeply_impresses_me.2．用動(dòng)名詞作主語和“make＋it＋adj.＋todo...”結(jié)構(gòu)升級(jí)句?One_thinks_spending_too_much_time_on_the_Internet_makes_it_difficult_to_communicate_with_others.3．用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型改寫句?It_is_the_Internet_that_makes_it_particularly_easy_to_access_information_in_time.(三)在文中設(shè)空處加上銜接詞Otherwise二、續(xù)寫語段思維活結(jié)合“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)對友誼的影響”這一主題，根據(jù)下面給出的開頭語和情節(jié)脈絡(luò)續(xù)寫一個(gè)80詞左右的片段。情節(jié)脈絡(luò)：失去了一只手的John問媽媽為什么別的孩子都有兩只手，而他只有一只，他的媽媽Judy不知道該如何回答→獨(dú)臂少年Trashaun是一個(gè)積極樂觀的人，他把自己灌籃的錄像發(fā)到網(wǎng)上→同樣身有殘疾的John看到視頻后深受鼓舞，John的媽媽設(shè)法安排了兩個(gè)孩子在現(xiàn)實(shí)中見面→Trashaun鼓勵(lì)John不要讓任何人動(dòng)搖他的信心……Afterthemeeting,Johnlearnedtoaccepthisdisability.參考范文：Afterthemeeting,Johnlearnedtoaccepthisdisability.Hebegantounderstandthattherearemanypeoplelikehim.Hecametoadapthimselftohisdisability.Herecentlystartedpractisingshootingbasketballeverydayandhereallylovesit.JohnoftenchatswithTrashaunontheInternetaboutbasketballskillsaswellassomeschoolissues.Heisreallymotivatedbythisrolemodelandhaspositiveattitudetohisfuturelife.AsforTrashaun,heneverdreamedthathisvideoswouldhavesuchanimpact.HisrelationshipwithJohnmadehimlookforwardtohelpingmorekids.課時(shí)作業(yè)(一)語篇閱讀訓(xùn)練——保準(zhǔn)度Ⅰ.閱讀理解Aeq\a\vs4\al(2023·茂名模擬)Catchingnearly4,000wildbutterflieswithhandheldnetsandtakingthetemperatureofeachtinyinsectmustrankamongtheharderofscientificefforts.However,researchershavediscoveredsignificantdifferencesintheabilityofBritishbutterfliestomaintainasuitabletemperature,raisingfearsthatglobalheatingwillthreatenthepopulationsofsomespecies.Butterfliesareectotherms-unabletogeneratetheirownbodyheatandrequirewarmtemperaturestofly.However,extremetemperaturescanposeproblems,particularlyforthosebutterfliesthatmustfindshadyhabitatstoregulate(調(diào)節(jié))theirbodytemperature.Thestudyshowsthatlarger,palerbutterfliesarebestabletoprotectthemselvesfromextremetemperatures,changingtheanglesoftheirreflectivewingsinrelationtothesuntodirectheatawayfromorontotheirbodies.Thesurroundingtemperatureofthebutterfly'sperch(棲息處),orairtemperature,wasalsotaken,whichindicatedthedegreetowhichbutterflieswereseekingspecificlocationstoregulatetheirbodytemperature.Darker,largespecieshavegreaterdifficultycontrollingtheirbodytemperature,buteventheyarebetterthan“thermalspecialists”，whichrelyonfindingaspotataspecifictemperatureinalandscape—a“microclimate”—tocontroltheirbodytemperature.“AfterbeingcaughtinbutterflynetsonBritishnaturereserves,the29differentspeciesofbutterflies'temperaturesweretakenwithafineprobe.Asweplanconservationmeasurestoaddresstheeffectsofclimatechange,itwillbeimportanttounderstandnotonlythehabitatrequirementsofdifferentbutterflyspecies,butalsotheirtemperaturerequirements，”saidDrEdTurner,oftheUniversityMuseumofZoology,Cambridge,wholedthework.“Withthisnewunderstandingofbutterflies,weshouldbeabletobettermanagehabitatsandlandscapestoprotectthem,andindoingsowe'reprobablyalsoprotectingotherinsectstoo.”語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了科學(xué)家在測量蝴蝶體溫時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)它們調(diào)節(jié)體溫的能力差異很大，由此擔(dān)心全球變暖會(huì)影響蝴蝶某些物種的數(shù)量。這些科學(xué)家還深入研究了蝴蝶調(diào)節(jié)體溫的方法，以便保護(hù)蝴蝶和其他昆蟲。1．Whydidscientiststakethetemperaturesofbutterflies?A．Toseeksolutionstoglobalheating.B．Touncoverclimatethreatstothem.C．Toclassifythemintodifferentspecies.D．Tostressthetoughnessofscientificresearch.解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“然而，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，英國蝴蝶在維持合適溫度的能力上存在顯著差異，這引發(fā)了人們對全球變暖將威脅某些物種數(shù)量的擔(dān)憂”可知，這項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)揭露了氣候變化對蝴蝶的威脅。2．Howdolarger,palerbutterfliesregulatetheirtemperature?A．Byanglingtheirwings.B．Bygeneratingthebodyheat.C．Bychoosingamicroclimate.D．Bymakinguseoftheircolour.解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第一句可知，體型更大、顏色更淺的蝴蝶是通過改變翅膀的角度來調(diào)節(jié)體溫的。3．Onwhatbasisdobutterfliesseekspecificlocations?A．Findinganaturereserve.B．Attractingotherbutterflies.C．Adaptingtoclimatechange.D．Perceivingthesurroundings.解析：選D推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第二句可知，科學(xué)家對蝴蝶棲息地周圍環(huán)境的溫度進(jìn)行測量，得到了蝴蝶尋找特定位置來調(diào)節(jié)體溫的程度的結(jié)論，從側(cè)面表明蝴蝶尋找棲息地的時(shí)候?qū)Νh(huán)境是有要求的。4．Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A．Understandingof/aboutbutterfliesshouldbestrengthened.B．Bettermanagementofbutterflyhabitatsispopular.C．Protectingbutterfliescanleadtoadditionalbenefits.D．Goalsofprotectingbutterflieshavebeenachieved.解析：選C推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句可知，保護(hù)蝴蝶的同時(shí)還可以保護(hù)其他昆蟲，即保護(hù)蝴蝶還有額外的好處。Beq\a\vs4\al(2023·秦皇島模擬)ThelandercarryingChina'sfirstMarsroversuccessfullytoucheddownontheredplanetearlySaturdaymorningBeijingTime.ItisthefirsttimethatChinahaslandedaprobeonaplanetotherthanEarth.Tianwen-1,consistingofanorbiter,alanderandarover,waslaunchedfromtheWenchangSpacecraftLaunchSiteonthecoastofsouthernChina'sislandprovinceofHainanonJuly23,2020.ThisisthefirststepinChina'splanetaryexplorationofthesolarsystem,withthepurposeofcompletingorbiting,landingandrovingontheredplanetinonemission.ThenameTianwen,meaning“questionstoHeaven”，comesfromapoemwrittenbytheancientChinesepoetQuYuan(about340-278BC)．China'sfirstMarsroverisnamedZhurongafterthegodoffireinancientChinesemythology,whichechoeswiththeChinesenameoftheredplanet:Huoxing(theplanetoffire)．Tianwen-1waslaunchedviaaLongMarch-5rocket,China'slargestlaunchvehicle.Tianwen-1hasbeentravellinginspacefornearly10months.Ithascarriedoutfourorbitalcorrectionsandadeep-spacemaneuver.Ithadflown475millionkmandwas192millionkmfromEarthwhenitreachedMarsorbit.Thecraft'splummetthroughtheMartianatmosphere,lastingaboutnineminutes,wasextremelycomplicatedwithnogroundcontrol,andhadtobeperformedbythespacecraftautonomously.“Suchachallengingattemptischaracterizedbyasuccessionofcomplexactivitiesthatmustbeconductedcompletelybythespacecraftwithinaveryshortperiodoftime，”saidGengYan,anofficialwiththeLunarExplorationandSpaceProgramCenteroftheCNSA.“Whataddedtothedifficultieswasthatwedon'tknowmuchabouttheMartianatmosphere,whichbroughtalotofuncertaintiestothemission.Eachstephadonlyonechance,andtheactionswerecloselylinked.Iftherehadbeenanyflaw,thelandingwouldhavefailed.”語篇解讀：本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要介紹了搭載中國首個(gè)火星探測器的著陸器“天問一號(hào)”成功著陸在紅色星球上，這是中國第一次在地球以外的行星上著陸探測器。文章介紹了“天問一號(hào)”的任務(wù)、名字由來以及任務(wù)的艱巨性。5．WhatisthemissionofTianwen-1?A．TorecordthewindspeedonMars.B．ToexploretheatmosphereofMars.C．Tosearchforaliensinthesolarsystem.D．ToaccomplishthreemajortasksonMars.解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句可知，“天問一號(hào)”的任務(wù)是在火星上完成三項(xiàng)主要任務(wù)。6．WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A．TheintroductionofthepoetQuYuan.B．ThereasonsforthecraftlandingonMars.C．TheoriginoftwonamesTianwenandZhurong.D．TheimportanceofancientChinesemythology.解析：選C段落大意題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知，第三段主要講了天問、祝融兩個(gè)名字的由來。7．WhatdothenumbersinParagraph4mainlyindicate?A．ThehugetaskofTianwen-1.B．ThesurroundingsoftheMarsorbit.C．Theexpenseoftravellinginspace.D．ThesizeoftheLongMarch-5rocket.解析：選A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容可推知，第四段的數(shù)字主要為了表明“天問一號(hào)”的艱巨任務(wù)。8．WhatcanweknowfromGengYan'swords?A．China'sattempttoexploreMarsissuccessful.B．LandingonMarsisaverychallengingmove.C．Peopleareenthusiasticaboutexploringtheuniverse.D．Tianwen-1isessentialtoChina'sspacestationprogram.解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段首句和尾句可推知，耿巖的話表明登陸火星是一個(gè)非常具有挑戰(zhàn)性的舉動(dòng)。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五Writingagreatsciencefictionnovelisalong,hardprocess.Aswithanynovel,you'llwanttoconstructasatisfyingplot,developinterestingcharacters,andwritepolished,vividprose.__9__Rememberthatsciencefictionisaboutideas.Differentfromothergenres(類型),agoodsciencefictionstorydependsonagreatimagination.__10__Insci-fi,thosequestionscanbeimplicitorexplicit.Forexample,manyearlyworksofsci-fimaketheirquestionobvious.InWaroftheWorlds,thequestionis:Whatwouldhappentohumansocietyifitwereinvadedbytechnologicallyadvancedaliens?__11__It'sonethingtohaveagreatideaorsituation,butthatdoesn'tmeanyouhaveastory.Whilesciencefictionnovelsareoftenthoughtexperiments,theyalsocan'tjustbethoughtexperiments.Thatmeansyou'regoingtohavetocomeupwithanappealingstorythatbringsthesequestionstolife.Askyourself:Whatisthechangethatwilloccuroverthecourseofyourstory,eitherintheworldorinthelifeofthemaincharacter?Createaninterestingworld.__12__Theintricately(錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜地)imagineddetailsthatmakeupyourworldshouldflowinsomewayfromtheideaattheheartofyourstory.Inthatway,theworldyoucreateinyoursci-finovelalsorevealssomethingaboutyourpointofviewontherealworld.Eventhemostfantasticallyimaginedstoryisstillareflectionofreal-worldquestionsandproblems.Makesuretherulesofyourworldareconsistent.Oneofthequalitiesthatsetsci-finovelsapartfromfantasyandsurrealism(超現(xiàn)實(shí)主義)isthatnomatterhowstrangeorfantastictheworldis,itstillobeysaninternallyconsistentlogic.__13__Butitmustbeunderstandableandinorderforittofeelbelievabletothereader.A．Focusoncharacterdevelopment.B．Makesureyou'retellingagoodstory.C．Thatsaid,writingsciencefictionrequiresmanyuniqueconsiderations.D．Thatlogicwillnecessarilybedifferentfromthelogicthatgovernsreality.E．Beforeyoustartwriting,havesomesenseofthequestionyournovelisasking.F．Asci-finovelsetinatechnologicallybackwardworldwouldviolatetherulesofthereality.G．Worldbuildingisoneofthemostimportantpartsofcreatingacompellingsci-fistory.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章說明了在科幻小說的創(chuàng)作中需要考慮的幾個(gè)獨(dú)特的因素。9．選C上文“constructasatisfyingplot,developinterestingcharacters,andwritepolished,vividprose”說明寫科幻小說和其他任何小說一樣，你都想要構(gòu)建一個(gè)令人滿意的情節(jié)、展開有趣的人物、寫出優(yōu)美、生動(dòng)的散文。C項(xiàng)中“Thatsaid”表示進(jìn)一步解釋，“requiresmanyuniqueconsiderations(需要很多獨(dú)特的考慮因素)”是對上一句的補(bǔ)充說明。10．選E下文“Insci-fi,thosequestionscanbeimplicitorexplicit.”說明在科幻小說中，這些問題可以是含蓄的，也可以是明確的。其中“thosequestions”與E項(xiàng)中“havesomesenseofthequestion”相呼應(yīng)；下文舉例說明寫科幻小說中所提出的問題。11．選B該空位于段首，應(yīng)該是該段的主題句。下文“It'sonethingtohaveagreatideaorsituation,butthatdoesn'tmeanyouhaveastory.”說明有了好的想法和設(shè)定并不意味著有好的故事；B項(xiàng)中“tellingagoodstory”與下一句“haveastory”語義相符；下文的“comeupwithanappealingstory”也與B項(xiàng)中的“goodstory”相呼應(yīng)。該段說明科幻小說要有吸引人的故事情節(jié)。12．選GG項(xiàng)中“Worldbuilding”與該段首句語義相符；下文“theworldyoucreate...ontherealworld”說明科幻小說中創(chuàng)造出來的世界反映了現(xiàn)實(shí)世界的問題。G項(xiàng)與之相對應(yīng)。13．選D上文中的“nomatterhowstrangeorfantastictheworldis,itstillobeysaninternallyconsistentlogic”說明無論這個(gè)世界多么奇怪或荒誕，它仍然遵循內(nèi)在一致的邏輯；D項(xiàng)中“Thatlogic”承接上文中的“aninternallyconsistentlogic”。Ⅲ.完形填空Oneofthemostremarkablethingsaboutthehumanmindisourabilitytoimaginethefuture.Inour__14__wecanseewhathasnotyethappened.Forexample,whilewearelookingforwardto__15__anewplaceorcountry,we__16__whatitwillbelike.Wepredictthewaypeoplewilleat,dressandact.Ofcourse,wedonotalwayspredictthings__17__.Thingsareoftenverydifferentfromthewaywe__18__themtobe.Oneofthe__19__dreamsinhistoryisthedreamoftheGermanscientist,Kekule,whohadbeen__20__toworkoutaverydifficultprobleminphysics.Hehad__21__andanalyzedtheproblemfromeveryanglefordays,butthereseemedtobenowayof__22__outtheanswer.Thenonenighthewenttobedanddreamed.Whenhe__23__up,herealizedthatheknewtheanswer.Hehadsolvedtheprobleminhis__24__.Itissaidthatinordertofigureouttheprocess,thehypnotist(催眠師)satinthechairoppositehimandspoke__25__：“Iwantyoutoconcentrateonmyvoice.Andasyoupayattentiontomyvoice,your__26__willgetheavier.Soonyou'llbeasleep.Youwillhearmyvoiceand__27__mywords,butyourbodywillbeasleep,andwhenyouwakeupyouwillremembernothing.NowIamgoingto__28__slowlyfromonetofive.One,two,three,four,five...”語篇解讀：本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章通過德國科學(xué)家Kekule做夢解題的故事，說明了人類思維的神奇能力。14．A.brains B．sensesC．minds D．sights解析：選C根據(jù)空前一句可知，人類思維最顯著的特點(diǎn)之一就是有想象未來的能力；據(jù)此可知，空處指“思維”，故C項(xiàng)正確。15．A.visiting B．seekingC．reaching D．discovering解析：選A根據(jù)該句中的“anewplaceorcountry”可推