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學(xué)必求其心得,業(yè)必貴于專精學(xué)必求其心得,業(yè)必貴于專精學(xué)必求其心得,業(yè)必貴于專精一、選擇題(本大題共12個(gè)小題,每小題5分,共60分.在每小題給出的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,只有一項(xiàng)是符合題目要求的。)1.設(shè)集合SKIPIF1〈0,集合SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0等于()A.SKIPIF1〈0B.SKIPIF1〈0C.SKIPIF1<0D.SKIPIF1〈0【答案】B【解析】考點(diǎn):集合補(bǔ)集,一元二次不等式。【易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)晴】集合的三要素是:確定性、互異性和無(wú)序性.研究一個(gè)集合,我們首先要看清楚它的研究對(duì)象,是實(shí)數(shù)還是點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)還是其它的一些元素,這是很關(guān)鍵的一步.第二步常常是解一元二次不等式,我們首先用十字相乘法分解因式,求得不等式的解集.在解分式不等式的過程中,要注意分母不能為零。元素與集合之間是屬于和不屬于的關(guān)系,集合與集合間有包含關(guān)系。在求交集時(shí)注意區(qū)間端點(diǎn)的取舍。熟練畫數(shù)軸來(lái)解交集、并集和補(bǔ)集的題目.2。數(shù)列SKIPIF1<0是等比數(shù)列,SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1〈0,則SKIPIF1〈0()A.1B.2C.SKIPIF1<0D.SKIPIF1〈0【答案】B【解析】試題分析:根據(jù)等比數(shù)列的性質(zhì)SKIPIF1〈0,由于SKIPIF1〈0同號(hào)且大于零,所以SKIPIF1〈0。考點(diǎn):等比數(shù)列的性質(zhì).3.SKIPIF1<0()A.SKIPIF1〈0B.SKIPIF1〈0C.SKIPIF1<0D.SKIPIF1〈0【答案】C【解析】試題分析:原式SKIPIF1<0.考點(diǎn):三角恒等變換。4.已知兩個(gè)單位向量SKIPIF1〈0的夾角為SKIPIF1〈0,則下列結(jié)論不正確的是()A.SKIPIF1〈0在SKIPIF1〈0方向上的投影為SKIPIF1<0B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0D.SKIPIF1〈0【答案】D【解析】試題分析:SKIPIF1<0,故D錯(cuò)誤??键c(diǎn):向量運(yùn)算。5.“SKIPIF1<0”是“SKIPIF1〈0”的()A.充分且不必要條件B.必要且不充分條件C.充要條件D.既非充分也非必要條件【答案】A【解析】考點(diǎn):充要條件,不等式。6.設(shè)SKIPIF1〈0是等差數(shù)列SKIPIF1〈0的前SKIPIF1<0項(xiàng)和,若SKIPIF1〈0,則SKIPIF1〈0()A.1B.2C.3【答案】C【解析】試題分析:根據(jù)等差數(shù)列的性質(zhì),有SKIPIF1〈0。考點(diǎn):等差數(shù)列的基本性質(zhì)。7.若函數(shù)SKIPIF1〈0有兩個(gè)零點(diǎn),則實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍是()A.SKIPIF1〈0B.SKIPIF1〈0C.SKIPIF1<0D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】B【解析】試題分析:令SKIPIF1〈0,畫出SKIPIF1〈0圖象如下圖所示,由圖可以SKIPIF1〈0??键c(diǎn):函數(shù)圖象與性質(zhì).8.在SKIPIF1〈0中,角SKIPIF1<0的對(duì)邊分別為SKIPIF1<0,若SKIPIF1<0()A.SKIPIF1<0B.SKIPIF1〈0C.-1D.1【答案】D【解析】考點(diǎn):正弦定理.9.《九章算術(shù)》是我國(guó)古代的優(yōu)秀數(shù)學(xué)著作,在人類歷史上第一次提出負(fù)數(shù)的概率,內(nèi)容涉及方程、幾何、數(shù)列、面積、體積的計(jì)算等多方面,書的第6卷19題:“今有竹九節(jié),下三節(jié)容量四升,上四節(jié)容量三升.”如果竹由下往上均勻變細(xì)(各節(jié)容量成等差數(shù)列),則其余兩節(jié)的容量共多少升()A.SKIPIF1<0B.SKIPIF1〈0C.SKIPIF1〈0D.SKIPIF1〈0【答案】D【解析】試題分析:依題意設(shè)SKIPIF1<0為等差數(shù)列,且SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1〈0,所以SKIPIF1<0.考點(diǎn):等差數(shù)列,數(shù)學(xué)文化.10.若SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1〈0()A.1B.2C.3D.4【答案】B【解析】考點(diǎn):三角恒等變換。11.已知SKIPIF1〈0在函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象上,SKIPIF1<0的最小值SKIPIF1〈0,則SKIPIF1<0()A.SKIPIF1〈0B.SKIPIF1〈0C.2D.1【答案】A【解析】試題分析:依題意有SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1〈0,而SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1〈0,所以SKIPIF1〈0,故SKIPIF1〈0.考點(diǎn):三角函數(shù)圖象與變換。【思路點(diǎn)晴】本題主要考查三角函數(shù)圖象與變換,由于分別將SKIPIF1<0代入函數(shù)的解析式,可化簡(jiǎn)得SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1〈0,也就相當(dāng)于SKIPIF1<0,和SKIPIF1<0,兩式作差得SKIPIF1〈0,由此求得SKIPIF1〈0.這里一個(gè)是零點(diǎn),一個(gè)相當(dāng)于SKIPIF1<0對(duì)應(yīng)的角,利用SKIPIF1<0的最小值集合得SKIPIF1<0的值.12。設(shè)定義在SKIPIF1〈0上的偶函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,滿足對(duì)任意SKIPIF1<0都有SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1〈0,則()A.SKIPIF1<0B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】C【解析】考點(diǎn):函數(shù)的單調(diào)性與奇偶性.【思路點(diǎn)晴】本題主要考查函數(shù)的單調(diào)性與奇偶性.根據(jù)題意SKIPIF1<0可知函數(shù)的對(duì)稱軸為SKIPIF1〈0,由于函數(shù)是偶函數(shù),所以函數(shù)關(guān)于SKIPIF1〈0對(duì)稱,所以函數(shù)是周期為SKIPIF1〈0的周期函數(shù).利用導(dǎo)數(shù)求出函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1〈0上的單調(diào)性,然后根據(jù)SKIPIF1<0利用周期性化簡(jiǎn)出來(lái)后的自變量的大小,結(jié)合單調(diào)性即可判斷出各個(gè)數(shù)的大小。第Ⅱ卷(非選擇題共90分)二、填空題(本大題共4小題,每題5分,滿分20分.)13.設(shè)SKIPIF1<0的內(nèi)角SKIPIF1<0的對(duì)邊分別為SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1〈0,則SKIPIF1〈0___________.【答案】SKIPIF1<0【解析】試題分析:由正弦定理得SKIPIF1〈0,由于SKIPIF1〈0,所以SKIPIF1〈0.考點(diǎn):解三角形.14。函數(shù)SKIPIF1〈0在其極值點(diǎn)處的切線方程為_____________.【答案】SKIPIF1〈0【解析】考點(diǎn):導(dǎo)數(shù)與切線.15。如圖,正方形SKIPIF1〈0中,SKIPIF1<0分別是SKIPIF1<0的中點(diǎn),若SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1〈0__________.【答案】SKIPIF1〈0【解析】試題分析:設(shè)正方形邊長(zhǎng)為SKIPIF1〈0,以SKIPIF1〈0為坐標(biāo)原點(diǎn),SKIPIF1〈0分別為SKIPIF1<0軸建立平面直角坐標(biāo)系,則SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1〈0,所以SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1〈0,所以SKIPIF1<0??键c(diǎn):向量運(yùn)算.【思路點(diǎn)晴】本題主要考查利用坐標(biāo)法來(lái)求解向量有關(guān)的問題。涉及幾何圖形問題,要注意分析圖形特征,利用已有的垂直關(guān)系,建立平面直角坐標(biāo)系,將向量用坐標(biāo)表示,利用向量相等的充要條件,應(yīng)用函數(shù)方程思想解題.本題如果采用向量運(yùn)算的幾何法來(lái)做也可以,但是運(yùn)算量會(huì)比較大,所以小題中如果能建立坐標(biāo)系來(lái)求解,就用坐標(biāo)系來(lái)求解.16。對(duì)于任意實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0表示不超過SKIPIF1〈0的最大整數(shù),如SKIPIF1〈0,SKIPIF1<0,已知SKIPIF1<0為數(shù)列SKIPIF1<0的前項(xiàng)和,則SKIPIF1<0___________.【答案】SKIPIF1<0【解析】考點(diǎn):新定義、數(shù)列求和.【思路點(diǎn)晴】本題主要考查新定義運(yùn)算,考查合情推理與演繹推理,考查等差數(shù)列的求和公式.根據(jù)SKIPIF1<0的定義“表示不超過SKIPIF1〈0的最大整數(shù)”,先列舉SKIPIF1〈0的前幾項(xiàng),找到SKIPIF1<0的規(guī)律,前兩項(xiàng)是SKIPIF1〈0,接下來(lái)三項(xiàng)是SKIPIF1〈0,三項(xiàng)是SKIPIF1〈0,三項(xiàng)是SKIPIF1<0,依此類推,SKIPIF1<0項(xiàng)除去前SKIPIF1〈0項(xiàng)以外,SKIPIF1〈0,也就是最后三個(gè)相同的數(shù)是SKIPIF1<0,還余下兩個(gè)相同的數(shù)是SKIPIF1〈0,利用等差數(shù)列的前SKIPIF1<0項(xiàng)和公式,可求得和為SKIPIF1<0。三、解答題(本大題共6小題,共70分.解答應(yīng)寫出文字說(shuō)明、證明過程或演算步驟。)17.(本小題滿分10分)已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1〈0是SKIPIF1<0的導(dǎo)函數(shù).(1)解關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0的不等式SKIPIF1<0;(2)若SKIPIF1<0,不等式SKIPIF1<0恒成立,求SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍.【答案】(1)當(dāng)SKIPIF1〈0時(shí),原不等式的解集是SKIPIF1〈0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),原不等式的解集是SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1〈0時(shí),原不等式的解集是SKIPIF1<0;(2)SKIPIF1〈0?!窘馕觥吭囶}分析:(1)SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1〈0,按SKIPIF1<0兩個(gè)根比較大小來(lái)分類討論一元二次不等式的解集;(2)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1〈0,所以SKIPIF1〈0.考點(diǎn):函數(shù)導(dǎo)數(shù)與不等式.18。(本小題滿分12分)已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1〈0的定義域?yàn)镾KIPIF1〈0,集合SKIPIF1<0.(1)若SKIPIF1<0,求實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1〈0的值;(2)若SKIPIF1〈0,使SKIPIF1<0,求實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1〈0的取值范圍.【答案】(1)SKIPIF1〈0;(2)SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0?!窘馕觥吭囶}分析:先求出集合SKIPIF1〈0的解集。(1)利用SKIPIF1<0可求得SKIPIF1〈0;(2)由已知得:SKIPIF1〈0,所以先求出SKIPIF1<0,然后利用子集求得SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0.試題解析:(1)SKIPIF1〈0,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1〈0,所以SKIPIF1〈0;....................6分(2)由已知得:SKIPIF1〈0,所以SKIPIF1〈0或SKIPIF1〈0.....................12分考點(diǎn):定義域,一元二次不等式,全稱命題與特稱命題。19.(本小題滿分12分)已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0.(1)求函數(shù)SKIPIF1〈0的最小正周期和單調(diào)增區(qū)間;(2)SKIPIF1〈0中,銳角SKIPIF1<0滿足SKIPIF1<0,求SKIPIF1〈0的值.【答案】(1)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1〈0;(2)SKIPIF1〈0.【解析】試題分析:(1)利用將此公示和輔助角公式,化簡(jiǎn)SKIPIF1<0,由此求得最小正周期為SKIPIF1〈0,單調(diào)增區(qū)間為SKIPIF1〈0;(2)由(1)代入SKIPIF1<0得SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1〈0,由余弦定理求得SKIPIF1〈0。(2)由題意知SKIPIF1<0,又SKIPIF1〈0為銳角,∴SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1〈0,由余弦定理得SKIPIF1〈0,∴SKIPIF1〈0................12分考點(diǎn):三角恒等變換,解三角形,余弦定理.20。(本小題滿分12分)已知數(shù)列SKIPIF1<0的前SKIPIF1<0項(xiàng)和為SKIPIF1〈0,且滿足SKIPIF1〈0.(1)求證:數(shù)列SKIPIF1<0為等比數(shù)列;(2)若SKIPIF1〈0,求SKIPIF1〈0的前SKIPIF1〈0項(xiàng)和SKIPIF1〈0.【答案】(1)證明見解析;(2)SKIPIF1<0?!窘馕觥吭囶}分析:(1)利用SKIPIF1〈0,化簡(jiǎn)得SKIPIF1〈0,故SKIPIF1<0是等比數(shù)列;(2)由于SKIPIF1<0,相等于一個(gè)等差數(shù)列乘以一個(gè)等比數(shù)列,所以考慮用錯(cuò)位相減求和法求前SKIPIF1<0項(xiàng)和為SKIPIF1<0?!惧e(cuò)位相減法】SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1〈0....................8分兩式相減得SKIPIF1〈0................9分SKIPIF1〈0....................10分SKIPIF1〈0,....................11分所以數(shù)列SKIPIF1<0的前SKIPIF1<0項(xiàng)和SKIPIF1<0.........................12分【并項(xiàng)求和法】當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0為偶數(shù)時(shí),SKIPIF1〈0;........................9分當(dāng)SKIPIF1〈0為奇數(shù)時(shí),SKIPIF1<0為偶數(shù),SKIPIF1<0;............11分綜上,數(shù)列SKIPIF1<0的前SKIPIF1〈0項(xiàng)和SKIPIF1〈0.........................12分??键c(diǎn):數(shù)列的基本概念,數(shù)列求和方法.【方法點(diǎn)晴】本題主要考查數(shù)列求通項(xiàng)與數(shù)列求和的方法,已知SKIPIF1〈0求SKIPIF1〈0是一種非常常見的題型,這些題都是由SKIPIF1<0與前SKIPIF1<0項(xiàng)和SKIPIF1<0的關(guān)系來(lái)求數(shù)列SKIPIF1<0的通項(xiàng)公式,可由數(shù)列SKIPIF1<0的通項(xiàng)SKIPIF1〈0與前SKIPIF1<0項(xiàng)和SKIPIF1〈0的關(guān)系是SKIPIF1〈0.注意:當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0若適合SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1〈0的情況可并入SKIPIF1<0時(shí)的通項(xiàng)SKIPIF1〈0;當(dāng)SKIPIF1〈0時(shí),SKIPIF1〈0若不適合SKIPIF1<0,則用分段函數(shù)的形式表示.第二問求出SKIPIF1<0的表達(dá)式后,考慮用錯(cuò)位相減法求其前SKIPIF1〈0項(xiàng)和。21。(本小題滿分12分)如圖,我海監(jiān)船在SKIPIF1<0島海域例行維權(quán)巡航,某時(shí)刻航行至SKIPIF1<0處,此時(shí)測(cè)得其東北方向與它相距32海里的SKIPIF1〈0處有一外國(guó)船只,且SKIPIF1〈0島位于海監(jiān)船正東SKIPIF1〈0海里處.(1)求此時(shí)該外國(guó)船只與SKIPIF1<0島的距離;(2)觀測(cè)中發(fā)現(xiàn),此外國(guó)船只正以每小時(shí)8海里的速度沿正南方向航行,為了將該船攔截在離SKIPIF1〈0島24海里處,不讓其進(jìn)入SKIPIF1〈0島24海里內(nèi)的海域,試確定海監(jiān)船的航向,并求其速度的最小值.(參考數(shù)據(jù):SKIPIF1〈0)【答案】(1)SKIPIF1<0;(2)SKIPIF1〈0?!窘馕觥吭囶}分析:(1)直接利用余弦定理,求得距離為SKIPIF1〈0;(2)過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0作SKIPIF1<0于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,連結(jié)SKIPIF1<0,利用勾股定理和正弦的概念,求得SKIPIF1<0,故海監(jiān)船的航向?yàn)楸逼珫|SKIPIF1〈0,同時(shí),外國(guó)船只到達(dá)點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0的時(shí)間SKIPIF1〈0(小時(shí)),海監(jiān)船的速度SKIPIF1〈0.(2)過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1〈0作SKIPIF1<0于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,在SKIPIF1<0中,SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,..........6分以SKIPIF1〈0為圓心,24為半徑的圓交SKIPIF1〈0于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1〈0,連結(jié)SKIPIF1<0,在SKIPIF1〈0中,SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0.................7分又SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0.................9分外國(guó)船只到達(dá)點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0的時(shí)間SKIPIF1〈0(小時(shí))∴海監(jiān)船的速度SKIPIF1〈0(海里/小時(shí))..................11分故海監(jiān)船的航向?yàn)楸逼珫|SKIPIF1〈0,速度的最小值為40海里/小時(shí)..........12分考點(diǎn):解三角形.【方法點(diǎn)晴】本題主要考查利用正余弦定理來(lái)解實(shí)際應(yīng)用問題,對(duì)正弦定理和余弦定理應(yīng)用的考查,主要是利用定理等知識(shí)和方法解決一些與測(cè)量和幾何計(jì)算有關(guān)的問題,要去弄懂有關(guān)術(shù)語(yǔ),認(rèn)真理解題意,難度不大。研究距離問題,解決此問題的方法是:選擇合適的輔助測(cè)量點(diǎn),構(gòu)造三角形,將問題轉(zhuǎn)化為求某個(gè)三角形的邊長(zhǎng)問題,從而利用正、余弦定理求解.22。(本小題滿分12分)已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1〈0.(1)若SKIPIF1〈0,求函數(shù)SKIPIF1〈0的極值和單調(diào)區(qū)間;(2)若在區(qū)間SKIPIF1〈0上至少存在一點(diǎn)SKIPIF1〈0,使得SKIPIF1〈0成立,求實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍.【答案】(1)SKIPIF1〈0的極小值為SKIPIF1〈0,SKIPIF1〈0

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