江蘇省南京市名校2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期初考試英語試題（含答案無聽力部分）

第第頁江蘇省南京市名校2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期初考試英語試題（含答案，無聽力部分）南京市名校2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期初考試英語試題

第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)

第一節(jié)(共15小題：每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)

A

Thevalue-packed,all-inclusivesight-seeingpackagethatcombinesthebestofSydney'sharbor,city,bayandbeachhighlights.

ASydneyPassgivesyouunlimitedandflexibletravelontheExploreBuses:the'red'SydneyExplorershowsyouaroundourexcitingcitysightswhilethe‘blue'BondiExplorervisitsSydneyHarbourbaysandfamousbeaches.Taketothewaterononeofthreemagnificentdailyharborcruises.YoucanalsotravelfreeonregularSydneyBuses,SydneyFerriesorCityRailservices(limitedarea),soyoucangotoeverycornerofthisbeautifulcity.

ImaginebrowsingatDarlingHarbour,tastingthefamousseafoodatWatsonsBayorenjoyingthecitylightsonaneveningferrycruise.ThepossibilitiesandplansareendlesswithaSydneyPass.Whereveryoudecidetogo,rememberthatbookingsarenotrequiredonanyofourservicessoticketsaretreatedonafirstin,firstseatedbasis．

SydneyPassesareavailablefor3,5or7daysforuseovera7-calendar-dayperiod.Witha3or5-daypassyouchooseonwhichdaysoutofthe7youwanttouseit.AllSydneyPassesincludeafreeAirportExpressinwardtripbeforestartingyour3,5or7days,andthereturntripisvalidfor2monthsfromthefirstdayyourticketwasused.

SydneyPassFares

AdultChild*Family**

3-dayticket﹩90﹩45﹩225

5-dayticket﹩120﹩60﹩300

7-dayticket﹩140﹩70﹩350

*Achildisdefinedasanyonefromtheagesof4yearstounder16years．Childrenunder4yearstravelfree．

**Afamilyisdefinedas3adultsandanynumberofchildren(from4to16)fromthesamefamily．

21.ASydneyPassdoesn'tofferunlimitedrideson______．

A.theExplorerBusesB.theharborcruisesC.regularSydneyBusesD.CityRailservices

22.WithaSydneyPass，atravelercan______.

A.savefaresfromandtotheairportB.taketheSydneyExplorertobeaches

C.enjoythefamousseafoodforfreeD.reserveseatseasilyinarestaurant

23.If5-dayticketsweretoberecommendedtoamotherwhotravelledwithhercolleagueandherchildren,aged3,6and10,whatwouldthelowestcostbe？

A.$225B.$300C.$360D.$420

B

Mime(啞劇)opensupanewworldtothebeholder,butitdoessoinsidiously(隱匿地),notbypurposelyinjectingpointsofinterestinthemannerofatourguide.Audiencesarenotunlikevisitorstoaforeignlandwhodiscoverthatthemodes,manners,andthoughtsofitsinhabitantsarenotmeaninglessoddities,butaresensibleincontext.

IrememberoncewhenanaudienceseemedpuzzledatwhatIwasdoing.Atfirst,Itriedtogainamoreimmediateresponsebyusingslightexaggerations.Isoonrealizedthattheseactionshadnothingtodowiththeaudience’sunderstandingofthecharacter.WhatIhadbelievedtobeafailureoftheaudiencetorespondinthemannerIexpectedwas,infact,onlytheirconcentrationonwhatIwasdoing;theywereenjoyingagradualawakening-aslowtransitionoftheirunderstandingfromtheirowntimeandplacetoonethatappearedsounexpectedlybeforetheireyes.Thiswasevidencedbytheirgrowingresponsetosucceedingnumbers.

Mimeisanelusiveart,asitsexpressionisentirelydependentontheabilityoftheperformertoimagineacharacterandtore-createthatcharacterforeachperformance.Asamime,Iamaphysicalmedium,theinstrumentuponwhichthefiguresofmyimaginationplaytheirdanceoflife.Theindividualsinmyaudiencealsohaveresponsibilities-theymustbealertcollaborators.Theycannotsitback,mindlesslyself-content,andwaittohavetheiremotionsaroundbyfantasticmusicalsoundsorvisualrhythmsoracrobaticfeats,orbywordsthattellthemwhattothink.Mimeisanartthat,paradoxically,appealsbothtothosewhorespondinstinctivelytoentertainmentandtothosewhoseappreciationismoreanalyticalandcomplex．

Betweentheseextremesliethoseaudiencesconditionedtoresistanycollaborationwithwhatisplayedbeforethem,andthesethemimemustcharmdespitethemselves.Thereisonlyonewaytoattackthosereluctantminds-takethemunaware!Theywillbedelightedatanunexpectedpleasure．

24.Theauthorcomparesmimeartistwithtourguidebecauseboth______.

A.bringotherstostrangeplacesB.explorenewmeansofself-expression

C.employartisticmethodstocommunicateD.shapethewayothersperceiveanewsituation

25.Theauthormostlikelyincludestheincidentdescribedinparagraph2inorderto______.

A.showhowchallengingthecareerofamimecanbe.

B.eliminatesomemisconceptionsaboutwhatamimeislike.

C.portraytheintensityrequiredtoseetheaudience’spointofview.

D.indicatetheadjustmentsanaudiencemustmakeinwatchingmime.

26.Theunderlinedword"elusive"inparagraph3mostprobablymeans______.

A.easytosummarizeB.difficulttodefineC.hardtocommentD.naturaltoimitate

27.Accordingtothepassage,whichisimportanttotheartisticsuccessofmime

A.Effectivecombinationofvariousdramaticelements.B.Incorporationofrealisticdetails.

C.Audienceinvolvement.D.Largeaudiences.

C

IsittruethatourbrainaloneisresponsibleforhumancognitionWhataboutourbodyIsitpossibleforthoughtsandbehaviortooriginatefromsomewhereotherthanourbrainPsychologistswhostudyEmbodiedCognition(EC)asksimilarquestions.TheECtheorysuggestsourbodyisalsoresponsibleforthinkingorproblem-solving.Moreprecisely,themindshapesthebodyandthebodyshapesthemindinequalmeasure.

Ifyouthinkaboutitforamoment,itmakestotalsense.Whenyousmellsomethinggoodorhearamusingsounds,certainemotionsareawakened.Thinkabouthownewbornsusetheirsensestounderstandtheworldaroundthem.Theydon’thaveemotionssomuchasneeds—theydon’tfeelsad,they’rejusthungryandneedfood.Evenunbornbabiescanfeeltheirmothers’heartbeatsandthishasacalmingeffect.Intherealworld,theycrywhenthey’recoldandthengethugged.Thatway,theystarttoassociatebeingwarmwithbeingloved.

Understandably,theoristshavebeenarguingforyearsandstilldisagreeonwhetherthebrainisthenervecentrethatoperatestherestofthebody.OlderWesternphilosophersandmainstreamlanguageresearchersbelievethisisfact,whileECtheorizesthatthebrainandbodyareworkingtogetherasanorganicsupercomputer,processingeverythingandformingyourreactions.

Furtherstudieshavebackedupthemind-bodyinteraction.Inoneexperiment,testsubjectswereaskedtojudgepeopleafterbeinghandedahotoracolddrink.Theyallmadewarmevaluationswhentheirfingertipsperceivedwarmthratherthancoolness.Anditworkstheotherwaytoo:inanotherstudy,subjects’fingertiptemperaturesweremeasuredafterbeing“included”inor“rejected”fromagrouptask.Thosewhowereincludedfeltphysicallywarmer.

Forfurtherproof,wecanlookatthemetaphorsthatweusewithouteventhinking.Akindandsympatheticpersonisfrequentlyreferredtoasonewithasoftheartandsomeonewhoisverystrongandcalmindifficultsituationsisoftendescribedassolidasarock.Andthiskindofmetaphoricaluseiscommonacrosslanguages.

Nowthatyouhavetheknowledgeofmind-bodyinteraction,whynotuseitIfyou’rehavingabadday,awarmcupofteawillgiveyouaflashofpleasure.Ifyouknowyou’rephysicallycold,warmupbeforemakinganyinterpersonaldecisions.

28.Accordingtotheauthor,thesignificanceoftheEC

A.Itbringsusclosertothetruthinhumancognition.

B.Itoffersaclearerpictureoftheshapeofhumanbrain.

C.Itrevealsthemajorroleofthemindinhumancognition.

D.Itfacilitatesourunderstandingoftheoriginofpsychology.

29.Wheredoesthenewborns’understandingoftheirsurroundingsstartfrom

A.Theirpersonallooks.B.Theirmentalneeds.C.Theirinneremotions.D.Theirphysicalfeelings.

30.WhatdoestheauthorintendtoprovebycitingthemetaphorsinParagraph5

A.Humanspeechisalivewithmetaphors.

B.Humansenseshaveeffectsonthinking.

C.Humanlanguageisshapedbyvisualimages.

D.Humanemotionsareoftencomparedtonaturalmaterials.

31.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthelastparagraph

A.Todeepenthereader’sunderstandingofEC.

B.ToencouragethereadertoputECintopractice.

C.Toguidethereaderontothepathtocareersuccess.

D.Tosharewiththereaderwaystoreleasetheiremotions.

D

FinancialregulationsinBritainhaveimposedaratherunusualruleonthebossesofbigbanks.Startingnextyear,anyguaranteedbonusoftopexecutivescouldbedelayed10yearsiftheirbanksareunderinvestigationforwrongdoing.Themainpurposeofthis"clawback"ruleistoholdbankersresponsibleforharmfulrisk-takingandtorestorepublictrustinfinancialinstitution.Yetofficialsalsohopeforamuchlargerbenefit:morelong-termdecision-makingnotonlybybanksbutalsobyallcorporations,tobuildastrongereconomyforfuturegenerations.

"Short-termism”orthedesireforquickprofits,hasworsenedinpubliclytradedcompanies,saystheBankofEngland'stopeconomist,AndrewHaldane.Hequotesagiantofclassicaleconomies,AlfredMarshall,indescribingthisfinancialimpatienceasactinglike"Childrenwhopickthestrawberriesoutoftheirpuddingtoeatthematonce"ratherthanputtingthemasidetobeeatenlast.

TheaveragetimeforholdingastockinboththeUnitedStatesandBritain,henotes,hasdroppedfromsevenyearstosevenmonthsinrecentdecades.Transient(短期的)investors,whodemandhighquarterlyprofitsfromcompanies,canholdbackafirm'seffortstoinvestinlong-termresearchortobuildupcustomerloyalty.Thishasbeencalled"quarterlycapitalism".

Inaddition,newdigitaltechnologieshaveallowedmorerapidtradingofequities(股票),quickeruseofinformation,andthusshortensattentionspansinfinancialmarkets."Thereseemstobeanadvantageofshort-termthinkingattheexpenseoflong-terminvesting,"saidCommissionerDanielGallagheroftheUSSecuritiesandExchangeCommissioninspeechthisweek.

IntheUS,theSarbanes-OxleyActof2023haspushedmostpubliccompaniestodelayperformancebonusesforseniorexecutivesbyaboutayear,slightlyhelpingreduce"short-termism."InitslatestsurveyofCEOpay,TheWallStreetJournalfindsthat"asubstantialpart"ofexecutivepayisnowtiedtoperformance.

Muchmorecouldbedonetoencourage"long-termism,"suchaschangesinthetaxcodeandquickerdisclosure(披露)ofstockacquisitions.InFrance,shareholderswhoholdontoacompanyinvestmentforatleasttwoyearscansometimesearnmorevotingrightsinacompany.

Withincompanies,therightcompensationdesigncanprovidemotivationforexecutivestothinkbeyondtheirowntimeatthecompanyandonbehalfofallshareholders.Britain'snewruleisaremindertobankersthatsocietyhasaninterestintheirperformance,notjustfortheshorttermbutforthelongterm.

32.Onereasonforimposingthenewruleistheregulations______.

A.enhancebanker'ssenseofresponsibilityB.helpcorporationsachievelargerprofits

C.buildanewsystemoffinancialregulationD.guaranteethebonusesoftopexecutives

33.Whatcanbelearnedabout“Short-termism”fromthepassage

A.Childrenalwayspursueshort-termprofitsbyeatingstrawberriesfirst.

B.Theinfluenceofitonthecompaniescanbenegativeinthelongrun.

C.Itwillbringhighprofitsforthecompany,thuskeepingitscustomers.

D.Digitaltechnologyactsasadominantcontributortoitsworsening.

34.TheUSandFranceexamplesinparagraphs5and6areusedtoillustrate______.

A.theobstaclestopreventing"short-termism"B.thesignificanceoflong-termthinking

C.theapproachestopromoting"long-termism"D.thepopularityofshort-termthinking

35.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext？

A.FailureofQuarterlyCapitalismB.PatienceasaCorporateVirtue

C.DecisivenessRequiredofTopExecutivesD.FrustrationofRisk-takingBan

第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)

Insomeways,itissurprisingthatlanguageschange.Afterall,theyarepasseddownthroughthegenerationsreliablyenoughforparentsandchildrentocommunicatewitheachother.___36___Forexample,whileJapanesehaschangedrelativelylittleoverathousandyears,Englishevolvedrapidlyinjustafewcenturies.ManypresentdayspeakersfindShakespeare'ssixteenth-centuryplaysdifficultandChaucer'sfourteenth-centuryTheCanterburyTalesnearlyimpossibletoread.

Languageschangeforavarietyofreasons.Large-scaleshiftsoftenoccurinresponsetosocial,economic,andpoliticalpressures,astherearemanyexamplesoflanguagechangefueledbyinvasions,colonization,andmigration.___37___Frequently,theneedsofspeakersdrivelanguagechange.Newtechnologiesindustries,productsandexperiencessimplyrequirenewwords.Byusingnewandemergingterms,wealldrivelanguagechange.Buttheuniquewaythatindividualsspeakalsofuelslanguagechangebecausenotwoindividualsusealanguageinexactlythesameway___38___

Throughourday-to-dayinteractions,wepickupwordsandsavingsfromotherpeopleandintegratethemintoourspeech.Teensandyoungadults,forexample,oftenusedifferentwordsandphrasesfromtheirparents.Someofthemspreadthroughthepopulationandslowlychangethelanguage.

___39___Vocabularycanchangequicklyasnewwordsareborrowedfromotherlanguages,oraswordsgetcoined,combined,orshortened.Somewordsareevencreatedthroughmisinterpretationofform.AsnotedintheLinguisticSocietyofAmerica'spublicationIsEnglishChanging,thewordpeaisonesuchexample.Upuntilaboutfourhundredyearsago,peasecouldrefertoeitherasinglepeaormanypeas.Atsomepoint,peopleassumedthatpeasewasthepluralformofanewword,pea,basedonthewaypeasesounded.Whilevocabularycanchangequickly,sentencestructure-theorderofwordsinasentencechangesmoreslowly.___40___Forexample,duringtheGreatVowelShiftfivehundredyearsago,thepronunciationofvowelsinEnglishchangeddramatically.ThisshiftrepresentsthebiggestdifferencebetweenthepronunciationofMiddleEnglishandModernEnglish.

A.Changesinsoundaresomewhathardertodocumentbutjustasinteresting.

B.Yetlinguistsfindthatalllivinglanguageschangeovertime-atdifferentratesthough.

C.Aslongaspeopleareusingalanguage,thatlanguagewillundergosomechange.

D.Allnaturallanguageschange,andlanguagechangeaffectsallareasoflanguageuse.

E.Thethreemainareasoflanguagethatchangeovertimearevocabulary,sentencestructure,andpronunciation.

F.Evenwithoutthesekindsofinfluences,alanguagecanchangedramaticallyifenoughusersadoptanewwayofspeaking.

G.Thevocabularyandphrasespeopleusedependonwheretheylive,theirage,educationlevel,socialstatusandotherfactors.

第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)

第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)

Theteenageyearsofanindividualismarkedbyevaluatingone'svalues,experiencingashiftinoutlooks,andatendencytoactrebellious.Itcanalsobeatimewhensomeonebecomesextremely___41___tonegativeinfluences,andisdrawntowardsdangeroussituations.Ontheotherhand,forparents,theperiodoftheirchildren'sadolescencemeansregularlyworryingabouttheirsafetyandformationasacitizen.Thus,amethodof___42___teenagers'securityisneeded,andcurfews(宵禁)areoftenseenassuchameasure,sincetheyhaveprovedtheir___43___.Atthesametime,certainpeculiaritiesexistaboutestablishingcurfewsforchildren.

TheissueofteenagecurfewsiswidelydebatedintheUnitedStates,wherethismethodisstillrather___44___,andinEuropeandemocracies,wherethismeasureisyetnotsowidelyused.Thefirstandforemostreasonforestablishingcurfewsischildren'ssecurity.___45___curfewsrequireteenagersunder17yearstostayoutofstreetsstartingfrom11p.m.ormidnight.Thisisbelievedtoprotectthemfromcrimescommittedafternightfall,aswellasfrombreakingthelaw,andthereexistsseriousevidence___46___thisbelief.Forexample,whenNewOrleansenabledadusk-til-dawncurfewin1994,theratesofjuvenilecrimewerereportedtofallmorethan20percent.Evenmoreimpressive___47___wererecordedinDallas,whichreporteda30-percentdecreaseinviolentjuvenilecrime,anda21-percentdecreaseintheoverallratesofcrimescommittedbyyoungpeople(TheNewYorkTimes).

Ontheotherhand,curfewscanbeseenasapreventivemeasurethatrobyoungpeopleoftheirrights,___48___theirfreedom.Thisopinionis___49___supportedbythefactthatcurfewviolations(違規(guī))andtherespectivechargesareamongthemostoftencommittedjuvenilecrimesintheUnitedStates.___50___,therewerereportsclaimingthatpolicearrestedmorenon-whiteteenagersforcurfewviolations.Allthiscancauseateenagertobelievetheyhavecrossedapsychologicallinedividingthemascriminals;thus,suchteenagersmaystarttoseethemselvesasoutlaws,whichcan___51___committingmoreseriouscrimesthanacurfewoffense.

Whatisimportantforaparenttorememberwhenestablishingacurfewfortheirchildrenisthatateenager'smisjudgedviewofcertain___52___maycausethemtomisbehaveinsomeotherway;thisisprovedbyresearchconductedbytheUniversityofMinnesota,accordingtowhichteenstendtoprotestagainstwhattheyseeas___53___.Consideringthis,parentsshould___54___theauthoritarianstyleofestablishingcurfews;instead,theyshouldhaveaconversationwiththeirteenagerthatwouldbeaimedatfindingidealconditionsforacurfewthatwould___55___bothsides.

41.A.opposedB.subjectedC.relatedD.restricted

42.A.improvingB.restoringC.ensuringD.expanding

43.A.principleB.referenceC.approachD.efficiency

44.A.popularB.absentC.practicalD.accessible

45.A.TypicalB.EvidentC.CriticalD.Specific

46.A.inplaceofB.inhonorofC.incaseofD.infavorof

47.A.resultsB.eventsC.patternsD.links

48.A.protectingB.acknowledgingC.limitingD.liberating

49.A.officiallyB.logicallyC.particularlyD.physically

50.A.BycontrastB.InadditionC.InconclusionD.Ingeneral

51.A.takechargeofB.contributetoC.resultfromD.dealwith

52.A.rulesB.chargesC.crimesD.relations

53.A.impoliteB.unrealisticC.inadequateD.unfair

54.A.adoptB.allowC.avoidD.address

55.A.satisfyB.spareC.surroundD.settle

第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)

About800metersabovesealevelandnexttothepicturesqueTaipingLake,HoukengvillageinHuangshan,aregioninthesouthofAnhuiprovince,seems___56___(bless)bynatureandishometothehandmadeteavarietyTaipingKowkui.Everyspring___57___foggydaysmoistentheemeraldhillsides,villagersknowtheirharvestwillcome."___58___anyofthreekeyfactors—properlocation,plantvariety,orprocessingtechnique—theperfectKowkuiwillnotbeborn,"FangJifan,thefifth-generationteafarmersays."It's___59___"signatureofourhome."

Kowkui'sexceptionallylargeleavesoftenleadtoits___60___(mistake)for"vegetable"byfirst-timeviewers,butthis"king"ofgreenteainFang'seyesbeatsother___61___(variety)atmorethanjustsize."Its___62___(fragrant)andflavoralsostandout,thankstothetime-consumingworktoprocessthem."Fangsays.

LastNovember,traditionalteaprocessingtechniquesandassociatedsocialpracticesinChina___63___(add)totheUNESCORepresentativeListoftheIntangibleCulturalHeritageofHumanity."Theteaculturenotonlyreflectsarefinedtasteinlife,italsoshowsthebeautyofcraftsmanship___64___people'screativity,"saysZhengYi,deputyheadofAnhuiTeaCultureResearchSociety."Forcenturies,thescentoftealeaves___65___(offer)nutritiontothislandThisintangibleculturalheritageofteaprocessingtechniquesisdeeplyrootedinpeople'severydaylife.

第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)

第一節(jié)應(yīng)用文寫作(滿分15分)

假定你是李華，某國(guó)際學(xué)校學(xué)生會(huì)主席。你校學(xué)生會(huì)正在向全體學(xué)生征集以“中國(guó)科學(xué)家精神”(TheSpiritofChineseScientists)為主題的短視頻。請(qǐng)你用英文擬一則征稿啟事，

內(nèi)容包括：1.活動(dòng)目的；2.作品要求；3.投稿方式及截止時(shí)間

ContributionsWanted

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________

TheStudentUnion

第二節(jié)讀后續(xù)寫(滿分25分)

PumpkincarvingatHalloweenisafamilytradition.WevisitalocalfarmeveryOctober.Inthepumpkinfield,Icompetewithmythreebrothersandsistertoseekoutthebiggestpumpkin.Mydadhasarulethatwehavetocarryourpumpkinsbackhome,andastheeldestchildIhaveanadvantage