制造技術(shù)學習通超星課后章節(jié)答案期末考試題庫2023年

制造技術(shù)學習通超星課后章節(jié)答案期末考試題庫2023年(

)hastheworstliquidity.

參考答案:

Caststeel

（

）是原子有序、有規(guī)律排列的物質(zhì)。

參考答案:

晶體

（

）的原子呈無序、無規(guī)則堆積。

參考答案:

非晶體

1Cr13、2Cr13、3Cr13、4Cr13belongto(屬于)（）

參考答案:

stainlesssteel

Accordingtothedifferentlamellarspacingofpearlite,whatisthelamellarstructureformedbetween650~600℃?

參考答案:

Sorbite

Aftercarburizing（滲碳處理）,thesurfaceoftheworkpiece（工件）isrequiredtohavehighhardness(硬度)andwearresistance(耐磨性),whilethecenterhashightoughness(韌性).Therefore,whichofthefollowingmaterialsshouldbeusedtomanufacturetheworkpiece?

參考答案:

20steel(鋼)

Amongthefollowingthreestructuresofironcarbonalloy,theonebelongingtomechanicalmixtureis(

).

參考答案:

P

Annealingisgenerallyaprocessofcoolinginthefurnacetoobtainastructureclosetoequilibrium.

參考答案:

對

Copper(Cu)andnickel(Ni)canbeformedas().

參考答案:

displacementsolidsolutionwithinfinitesolubility

Differencesbetweenpreforgingdiechamberandfinalforgingdiechamber:

參考答案:

Thefilletandinclinationofthepreforgingdiechamberarelarge.###Thefilletandslopeofthefinalforgingdiechamberaresmall.

Elementspromotingalloyshrinkagereductioninclude(

).

參考答案:

C###Si

Fe-Fe３C相圖中，GS線是平衡結(jié)晶時（）的開始線。

參考答案:

奧氏體向鐵素體轉(zhuǎn)變

Fe-Fe3C相圖中,共晶線的溫度為()℃。

參考答案:

1148

Fe-Fe3C相圖中,共析線的溫度為()℃。

參考答案:

727

Forhypoeutecticsteel,theappropriatequenchingtemperatureisgenerally（

）,sothatthestructureafterquenchingisuniformmartensite.

參考答案:

Ac3+30～50℃

Fullannealingismainlyapplicabletowhichofthefollowingmaterials?

參考答案:

Hypoeutectoidsteel

IfthealloyelementsaddedinthesteelcanmaketheCcurvemovetotheleft,whatwillhappentothehardenabilityofthesteel?

參考答案:

reduce

Inironcarbonalloy,onlythealloywitheutectoidcompositionpointscanhaveeutectoidreactionandformeutectoidstructureduringcrystallization.

參考答案:

錯

Inordertosimplifytheshapeofforgingsoraccordingtotheneedsofforgingprocess,addapartofmetallargerthantheallowanceinsomeparts:

參考答案:

Remainingpiece(dressing)

Intheequilibriumstructureofironcarbonalloy,whichhasthehighestplasticity?

參考答案:

F

Intheironcarbonalloyequilibriumstructure,whichhasthehighesthardness?

參考答案:

Fe3C

Inclinationofinnerwallα2shallbeinclinedtotheouterwallα1largeorderofmagnitude.

參考答案:

對

Keypointsofpunchingoperation:

參考答案:

Throughholeispunchedonbothsides.###Holeswithd<25mmwillnotbepunchedout.###Solidpunchford<450mm###Hollowpunchford>450mm

Largequantitiesofcoldheadingsuchasscrews,nails,rivets,bolts,etc.canbemanufacturedbyfreeforging.

參考答案:

錯

Ld(Le)ismonophasic.

參考答案:

錯

Liquidshrinkageandsolidificationshrinkagearethemaincausesofstress,deformationandcrackincastings.

參考答案:

錯

Lowtemperature(abnormal)ledeburiteiscomposedof(

)twophases.

參考答案:

F+Fe3C

Measurestopreventcastingdeformationinclude(

).

參考答案:

Thewallthicknessofcastingsshallbeasuniformandsymmetricalaspossible###Adoptsimultaneoussolidificationprocess###Oppositedeformation###Stressreliefannealing

Measurestopreventcastingfromgeneratingthermalstressinclude(

).

參考答案:

Thewallthicknessshallbeasuniformaspossible###Adopttheprincipleofsimultaneoussolidification

Measurestopreventtheformationofthinwaistorinterlayerduringmetalupsettinginclude:

參考答案:

Upsettingforceislargeenough

Onlythealloyswitheutecticcompositionpointscanhaveeutecticreactionandformeutecticstructure.

參考答案:

錯

Pearlite(P)is().

參考答案:

mechanicalmixture

Pearlitecanbedividedinto(

),(

)and(

)accordingtothesizeoflamellarspacing.

參考答案:

pearlite###Sorbite###Tortoisomes

Principlesfordeterminingpartingsurfaceofdieforgings:

參考答案:

Thepartingsurfaceshallbeselectedatthemaximumsectionoftheforging.###Thepartingsurfaceshallbesuchthatthemoldboredepthistheshallowest.###Theselectedpartingsurfaceshallbeabletomaketheupperandlowerdieshavethesamecontouralongthepartingsurface.###Thepartingsurfaceshouldbeasflataspossible.###Thepartingsurfaceshallensuretheminimumamountofdressingrequiredforforgings.

Processingmethodforproductionofsteelplates,sectionsandpipesofvariousspecifications:

參考答案:

rolling

Shasagoodeffectontheproperties(性能)ofsteelandisabeneficialelement(有益元素).

參考答案:

錯

Shapingofshaftandrodforgings:

參考答案:

elongate

Shrinkagecavitiesaremostlyconcentratedatthefirstsolidificationpositionofthecasting.

參考答案:

錯

Sn的再結(jié)晶溫度為-71℃，其在室溫下的變形加工是

參考答案:

熱加工

Structureprocessoffreeforgingforging:

參考答案:

Trythebesttoavoidconicalorinclinedstructures.###Avoidspatialintersectioncurve.###Avoidreinforcingrib,bossandⅠ-shapedstructure.###Reasonablyadoptcompositestructure.

Temperingismeaninglessforunhardenedsteel.

參考答案:

對

Thecastingperformanceofthealloyisgenerallymeasuredby(

).

參考答案:

flowability###shrinkage

Thecauseofinsufficientpouringandcoldshutinthecastingprocessis(

).

參考答案:

Poorflowability

Thecontent(含量)ofCrinGCr15is15%.

參考答案:

錯

Thedepthofthehardenedlayerofthesamematerialisrelatedtothesizeoftheworkpieceandthecoolingmedium.

參考答案:

對

Theeutectictransitiontemperaturesofhypoeutecticalloys,eutecticalloysandhypereutecticalloysaredifferent.

參考答案:

錯

Theexternalforcesactingonthemetalblankinmetalplasticformingmainlyinclude:

參考答案:

impactforce###stress

Thefinalheattreatment(熱處理)ofquenchedandtemperedsteel(調(diào)質(zhì)鋼)isusually()+(

)toobtaintemperedsorbitestructure(回火索氏體組織).

參考答案:

quenching###hghtemperaturetempering

Thefollowingironcarbonalloyshavethebestweldability(

)

參考答案:

mildsteel

TheforgeabilityofAlalloyisbetterthanthatofpureAl.

參考答案:

錯

Thegeneralprocessofheattreatmentincludes:

參考答案:

heating###heatpreservation###cooling

Thehardenabilityofsteelcanbeexpressedbythedepthofthehardenedlayer.Thedeeperthehardenedlayeris,thebetterthehardenabilityis.

參考答案:

對

Thehardenabilityofsteelisrelatedtoworkpiecesizeandcoolingmedium.

參考答案:

錯

Theheattreatmentofgraycastironcannotonlychangethematrixstructure,butalsochangetheshapeanddistributionofgraphite.

參考答案:

錯

Thehighpouringtemperatureandtheincreaseofthetimefortheliquidmetaltoremainliquidinthemoldcanimprovethefluidityofthealloy,andpreventthedefectssuchasporosity,shrinkagecavity,shrinkageporosity,andsandsticking.

參考答案:

錯

Thehigherthecarboncontentandalloyelementsinthemetal,thebetterthemalleability.

參考答案:

錯

Thehigherthehardenabilityofsteelis,thehigherthecriticalcoolingrateis(

),andthepositionofitsCcurveis(

).

參考答案:

lower###shiftright

Thehighertheinitialforgingtemperatureofmetal,thebetter.

參考答案:

錯

Theindicatorsofmalleabilityare:

參考答案:

plasticity###deformationresistance

Theleverlawappliestoallregionsofthephasediagram.

參考答案:

錯

Theliquidcompositionofhypereutecticalloyduringeutectictransformationisconsistentwiththatofeutecticalloy.

參考答案:

對

Themainpurposeofsteelspheroidizingannealingis(

).

參考答案:

reductionofhardness###improveplasticity###Improvementofcuttingperformance###preparationofthestructureforquenching

Themechanicalpropertiesofmartensitearecharacterizedbyhighhardnessandhighstrength.

參考答案:

對

Thephasediagramformedwhenthetwocomponentsarecompletelymiscibleinliquidstate,butarelimitedtobemiscibleinsolidstate,andperitecticreactionoccursiscalled

參考答案:

Peritecticphasediagram

Thepreventionmeasureofshrinkagecavityandporosityissequentialsolidification,whichadoptscastingheadandchilliron.

參考答案:

對

Theproductofeutectoidtransformationofironcarbonalloyis().

參考答案:

P

Therequirementsforthestructureandprocessofdieforgingsare:

參考答案:

Dieforgingsmusthaveareasonablepartingsurface.###Thedieforgingslopeshallbedesignedforthenonmachinedsurfaceonthedieforgingparalleltothehammeringdirection;Theangleformedbythenonmachinedsurfaceshallbedesignedaccordingtothedieforgingfillet.###Avoiddesigningdeepandporousstructures.###Theshapeofdieforgingsshallbeassimple,straightandsymmetricalaspossible.###Forgingweldingcombinationprocessshallbeadoptedforforgingswithcomplexshapeanddifficulttodieforging.

Theslowerthecoolingrate,themoreconducivetothegraphitizationprocess.

參考答案:

對

Thesmallerthedeformationresistanceis,thebetterthemalleabilityis.

參考答案:

對

Thesolidificationmodeofaluminumcopperalloyinthecastingprocessis(

).

參考答案:

Pastysolidification

Thethermalstressgeneratedinthecastingprocesswilldisappearautomaticallyafterthecastingsandfalls.

參考答案:

錯

Thetwocomponentscanbeinfinitelymiscibleinbothliquidandsolid,andtheprocessofcrystallizationofsingle-phasesolidsolutionfromliquidphaseduringcoolingiscalled

參考答案:

uniformgrain

Whatalloyelements（合金元素）aremainlyaddedtorollingbearingsteel（滾動軸承鋼）?

參考答案:

Cr

Whatarethemainharmfulimpurities(有害雜質(zhì)元素)insteel?

參考答案:

S、P

Whatarethemeasurestoprolongtheflowtimeofliquidalloyandimprovethefillingconditionsofthemold?

參考答案:

Elevatedsprue###Enlargeingatesection###DrySandMold###Addairoutlet

Whatcanalloysteelsbeclassified(分類）accordingtothetotalamountofalloyelements(合金元素總量)?

參考答案:

Lowalloysteel###Mediumalloysteel###Highalloysteel

Whatcansteelbedividedaccordingtoitsuse?

參考答案:

structuralsteel###toolsteel###specialperformancesteel

Whatdoesthehardenabilityofsteelmainlydependon?

參考答案:

alloyingelement

Whatismorein45steelthan25steelintheroomtemperatureequilibriumstructure?

參考答案:

RelativequantityofP

WhatisthecarboncontentofT10steel?

參考答案:

1.0%

Whatisthemaindifferenceinchemicalcomposition(化學成分)betweenordinarysteel(普通鋼),high-qualitysteel(優(yōu)質(zhì)鋼)andhigh-gradehigh-qualitysteel(高級優(yōu)質(zhì)鋼)?

參考答案:

S、P

Whatisthemanualmodelingmethodapplicabletothefollowingfigure?

參考答案:

Integralmolding

Whatisthenormalquenchingheatingtemperatureofhypereutectoidsteel?

參考答案:

Ac1+30～50℃

Whatisthestructureofsteelafterquenchingandtempering?

參考答案:

Temperedsorbite

Whatisthetransformationfromaustenitetopearlite?

參考答案:

Hightemperaturetempering

Whatparts(零件)aresuitablefor65steel?

參考答案:

Elastomers

Whatshouldbedonetotheconnectingrod(連桿)madeof40Crsteeltoobtaingoodcomprehensivemechanicalproperties(綜合機械性能)?

參考答案:

Quenchingandtempering

Whatsteelshouldbeusedforthechisel(鏨子)andsawblade(鋸條)usedbybenchworkers(鉗工)?

參考答案:

T12

Whatsteelshouldbeusedtomanufacturespiralsprings(螺旋彈簧)withhigheryieldlimit(屈服極限)requirements?

參考答案:

65

Whenplasticdeformationoccurstometalunderexternalforce,whichofthefollowinglawscanbeappliedtojudgethemaximumdirectionofdeformation:

參考答案:

Lawofminimumresistance

Whichofthefollowingdoeshigh-speedsteel（高速鋼）belongto?

參考答案:

Highcarbonhighalloysteel

Whichofthefollowinglawscanbeusedtoestimatetheblankvolume:

參考答案:

Lawofinvarianceofvolume

Whichofthefollowingshouldbeusedtomanufactureboltsthatrequiregoodcomprehensivemechanicalpropertiesoftheentiresection?

參考答案:

40Crsteeltemperingtreated

Whichofthefollowingshouldbeusedtomanufacturehandsawblades(手工鋸條)

參考答案:

T12steelquenched+lowtemperaturetempered

Whichofthefollowingshrinkagestagesonlycauseschangesintheexternaldimensionsofthecasting?

參考答案:

Solidshrinkage

Whichofthefollowingsolidificationmethodsmakesthefillingabilityofthealloystrong,soastopreventshrinkagecavityandporosity?

參考答案:

Layerbylayersolidification

Whichofthefollowingsteelscanbeusedassprings(彈簧)?

參考答案:

60Si2Mn

WhichofthefollowingtypesofsteeldoesT8Asteelbelongto?

參考答案:

high-gradehighqualitysteel

Whiteiron,highcarbonsteelandsomealloysteelsareeasytobeproduced

(

)inthecastingprocess.

參考答案:

Coldcrack

Whose

massfraction(質(zhì)量分數(shù))isthemainindex(主要指標)forevaluating(評定)steelquality(質(zhì)量)?

參考答案:

S

Withtheincreaseofcarboncontent,thecrystallizationtemperaturerangeofhypoeutecticcastirondecreasesanditsfluidityincreases.

參考答案:

對

α-Fe是具有（

）晶格的鐵。

參考答案:

體心立方

一個液相和一個固相反應(yīng),生成一個固相的過程稱為

參考答案:

包晶反應(yīng)

下列四種情況，發(fā)生相變的應(yīng)是（）。

參考答案:

由A體變?yōu)镻體

與粗晶粒金屬相比，細晶粒金屬的（）。

參考答案:

強度、韌性均好

兩組元在液態(tài)下完全互溶,但在固態(tài)下有限互溶,并發(fā)生包晶反應(yīng)時所構(gòu)成的相圖稱為

參考答案:

包晶相圖

兩組元在液態(tài)下完全互溶,但在固態(tài)下有限互溶或不溶,并發(fā)生共晶反應(yīng)時所構(gòu)成的相圖稱為

參考答案:

共晶相圖

兩組元在液態(tài)和固態(tài)都能無限互溶,冷卻時由液相結(jié)晶出單相固溶體的過程稱為

參考答案:

勻晶轉(zhuǎn)變

亞晶界的結(jié)構(gòu)

參考答案:

由位錯垂直排列而成

低碳鋼拉伸時的斷裂為（

）。

參考答案:

微孔聚集型斷裂###韌性斷裂

低碳鋼被拉伸而產(chǎn)生的斷裂是什么斷裂形式。

參考答案:

韌性斷裂

低碳鋼被拉伸而斷裂時承受的工程應(yīng)力小于材料的屈服強度。

參考答案:

錯

體心立方晶格有（

）個頂點。

參考答案:

8

體心立方晶格金屬的塑性比面心立方晶格金屬差，主要由于兩者的（）。

參考答案:

每個滑移面上的滑移方向數(shù)不同

再結(jié)晶過程是形核和核長大過程，所以再結(jié)晶過程也是相變過程。

參考答案:

錯

再結(jié)晶過程是相變過程。

參考答案:

錯

冷變形時，隨著變形量的增大，金屬中的位錯密度（）

參考答案:

提高

冷變形是在（）進行的塑性變形。

參考答案:

再結(jié)晶溫度以下

減小或增大位錯密度,都可以提高金屬的強度。

參考答案:

對

加工硬化在一定程度上提高零件在使用過程中的安全性。

參考答案:

對

加工硬化現(xiàn)象的最主要原因是（）

參考答案:

位錯密度提高

單晶體有固定的熔點，性能呈各向異性。

參考答案:

對

反映金屬原子排列規(guī)律最小的單元是（

）。

參考答案:

晶胞

變形金屬再加熱時發(fā)生的再結(jié)晶過程是一個新晶粒代替舊晶粒的過程，這種新晶粒的晶型（）

參考答案:

與再結(jié)晶前的金屬相同

變形金屬再結(jié)晶后（）。

參考答案:

形成等軸晶，塑性升高

變形金屬在加熱發(fā)生回復(fù)時，其組織和力學性能都將恢復(fù)到變形前的狀態(tài)。

參考答案:

錯

只可能發(fā)生韌性斷裂的金屬材料，設(shè)計時只需按材料的屈服強度計算其承載能力。

參考答案:

對

在室溫下,金屬的晶粒越細,其強度越高,