考研英語真題解析

千里之行，始于足下。你若盛開，蝴蝶自來。第第2頁/共2頁精品文檔推薦考研英語真題解析真題既可以包含某年某項考試全部內(nèi)容的完整試卷，也可以同類型匯總的形式消失的專項訓練，你做過的真題有多少呢？下面是我收集推舉的歷年考研英語真題，僅供參考，歡迎閱讀。

考研英語真題

SectionIUseofEnglish

Directions：

Readthefollowingtext。Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA，B，CorDontheANSWERSHEET。(10points)

Peoplehavespeculatedforcenturiesaboutafuturewithoutwork。Todayisnodifferent，withacademics，writers，andactivistsonceagain1thattechnologybereplacinghumanworkers。Someimaginethatthecomingwork-freeworldwillbedefinedby2。Afewwealthypeoplewillownallthecapital，andthemasseswillstruggleinanimpoverishedwasteland。

Adifferentandnotmutuallyexclusive3holdsthatthefuturewillbeawastelandofadifferentsort，one4bypurposelessness：Withoutjobstogivetheirlives5，peoplewillsimplybecomelazyanddepressed。6，today’sunemployeddon’tseemtobehavingagreattime。OneGalluppollfoundthat20percentofAmericanswhohavebeenunemployedforatleastayearreporthavingdepression，doubletheratefor7Americans。Also，someresearchsuggeststhatthe8forrisingratesofmortality，mental-healthproblems，andaddicting9poorly-educatedmiddle-agedpeopleisshortageofwell-paidjobs。Perhapsthisiswhymany10theagonizingdullnessofajoblessfuture。

Butitdoesn’t11followfromfindingslikethesethataworldwithoutworkwouldbefilledwithunease。Suchvisionsarebasedonthe12ofbeingunemployedinasocietybuiltontheconceptofemployment。Inthe13ofwork，asocietydesignedwithotherendsinmindcould14strikinglydifferentcircumstancedforthefutureoflaborandleisure。Today，the15ofworkmaybeabitoverblown?！癕anyjobsareboring，degrading，unhealthy，andawasteofhumanpotential，”saysJohnDanaher，alecturerattheNationalUniversityofIrelandinGalway。

Thesedays，becauseleisuretimeisrelatively16formostworkers，peopleusetheirfreetimetocounterbalancetheintellectualandemotional17oftheirjobs。“WhenIcomehomefromahardday’swork，Ioftenfeel18，”Danahersays，adding，“InaworldinwhichIdon’thavetowork，Imightfeelratherdifferent”—perhapsdifferentenoughtothrowhimself19ahobbyorapassionprojectwiththeintensityusuallyreservedfor20matters。

1。[A]boasting[B]denying[C]warning[D]ensuring

2。[A]inequality[B]instability[C]unreliability[D]uncertainty

3。[A]policy[B]guideline[C]resolution[D]prediction

4。[A]characterized[B]divided[C]balanced[D]measured

5。[A]wisdom[B]meaning[C]glory[D]freedom

6。[A]Instead[B]Indeed[C]Thus[D]Nevertheless

7。[A]rich[B]urban[C]working[D]educated

8。[A]explanation[B]requirement[C]compensation[D]substitute

9。[A]under[B]beyond[C]alongside[D]among

10。[A]leavebehind[B]makeup[C]worryabout[D]setaside

11。[A]statistically[B]occasionally[C]necessarily[D]economically

12。[A]chances[B]downsides[C]benefits[D]principles

13。[A]absence[B]height[C]face[D]course

14。[A]disturb[B]restore[C]exclude[D]yield

15。[A]model[B]practice[C]virtue[D]hardship

16。[A]tricky[B]lengthy[C]mysterious[D]scarce

17。[A]demands[B]standards[C]qualities[D]threats

18。[A]ignored[B]tired[C]confused[D]starved

19。[A]off[B]against[C]behind[D]into

20。[A]technological[B]professional[C]educational[D]interpersonal

SectionIIReadingComprehension

Text2

Withsomuchfocusonchildren’suseofscreens，it’seasyforparentstoforgetabouttheirownscreenuse?！癟echisdesignedtoreallysuckonyouin，”saysJennyRadeskyinherstudyofdigitalplay，“anddigitalproductsaretheretopromotemaximalengagement。Itmakesithardtodisengage，andleadstoalotofbleed-overintothefamilyroutine?！?/p>

Radeskyhasstudiedtheuseofmobilephonesandtabletsatmealtimesbygivingmother-childpairsafood-testingexercise。Shefoundthatmotherswhosueddevicesduringtheexercisestarted20percentfewerverbaland39percentfewernonverbalinteractionswiththeirchildren。Duringaseparateobservation，shesawthatphonesbecameasourceoftensioninthefamily。Parentswouldbelookingattheiremailswhilethechildrenwouldbemakingexcitedbidsfortheirattention。

Infantsarewiredtolookatparents’facestotrytounderstandtheirworld，andifthosefacesareblankandunresponsive—astheyoftenarewhenabsorbedinadevice—itcanbeextremelydisconcertingfoethechildren。Radeskycitesthe“stillfaceexperiment”devisedbydevelopmentalpsychologistEdTronickinthe1970s。Init，amotherisaskedtointeractwithherchildinanormalwaybeforeputtingonablankexpressionandnotgivingthemanyvisualsocialfeedback;Thechildbecomesincreasinglydistressedasshetriestocapturehermother’sattention?！癙arentsdon’thavetobeexquisitelyparentsatalltimes，butthereneedstobeabalanceandparentsneedtoberesponsiveandsensitivetoachild’sverbalornonverbalexpressionsofanemotionalneed，”saysRadesky。

Ontheotherhand，Tronickhimselfisconcernedthattheworriesaboutkids’useofscreensarebornoutofan“oppressiveideologythatdemandsthatparentsshouldalwaysbeinteracting”withtheirchildren：“It’sbasedonasomewhatfantasized，verywhite，veryupper-middle-classideologythatsaysifyou’refailingtoexposeyourchildto30，000wordsyouareneglectingthem?！盩ronickbelievesthatjustbecauseachildisn’tlearningfromthescreendoesn’tmeanthere’snovaluetoit—particularlyifitgivesparentstimetohaveashower，dohouseworkorsimplyhaveabreakfromtheirchild。Parents，hesays，cangetalotoutofusingtheirdevicestospeaktoafriendorgetsomeworkoutoftheway。Thiscanmakethemfeelhappier，whichletsthenbemoreavailabletotheirchildtherestofthetime。

AccordingtoJennyRadesky，digitalproductsaredesignedto______。

[A]simplifyroutinematters

[B]absorbuserattention

[C]betterinterpersonalrelations

[D]increaseworkefficiency

Radesky’sfood-testingexerciseshowsthatmothers’useofdevices______。

[A]takesawaybabies’appetite

[B]distractschildren’sattention

[C]slowsdownbabies’verbaldevelopment

[D]reducesmother-childcommunication

Radesky’scitesthe“stillfaceexperiment”toshowthat_______。

[A]itiseasyforchildrentogetusedtoblankexpressions

[B]verbalexpressionsareunnecessaryforemotionalexchange

[C]childrenareinsensitivetochangesintheirparents’mood

[D]parentsneedtorespondtochildren’semotionalneeds

TheoppressiveideologymentionedbyTronickrequiresparentsto_______。

[A]protectkidsfromexposuretowildfantasies

[B]teachtheirkidsatleast30，000wordsayear

[C]ensureconstantinteractionwiththeirchildren

[D]remainconcernedaboutkid’suseofscreens

AccordingtoTronick，kid’suseofscreensmay_______。

[A]givetheirparentssomefreetime

[B]maketheirparentsmorecreative

[C]helpthemwiththeirhomework

[D]helpthembecomemoreattentive

Text3

Today，widespreadsocialpressuretoimmediatelygotocollegeinconjunctionwithincreasinglyhighexpectationsinafast-movingworldoftencausesstudentstocompletelyoverlookthepossibilityoftakingagapyear。Afterall，ifeveryoneyouknowisgoingtocollegeinthefall，itseemssillytostaybackayear，doesn’tit?Andaftergoingtoschoolfor12years，itdoesn’tfeelnaturaltospendayeardoingsomethingthatisn’tacademic。

Butwhilethismaybetrue，it’snotagoodenoughreasontocondemngapyears。There’salwaysaconstantfearoffallingbehindeveryoneelseonthesociallyperpetuated“racetothefinishline，”whetherthatbetowardgraduateschool，medicalschoolorlucrativecareer。Butdespitecommonmisconceptions，agapyeardoesnothinderthesuccessofacademicpursuits—infact，itprobablyenhancesit。

StudiesfromtheUnitedStatesandAustraliashowthatstudentswhotakeagapyeararegenerallybetterpreparedforandperformbetterincollegethanthosewhodonot。Ratherthanpullingstudentsback，agapyearpushesthemaheadbypreparingthemforindependence，newresponsibilitiesandenvironmentalchanges—allthingsthatfirst-yearstudentsoftenstrugglewiththemost。Gapyearexperiencescanlessentheblowwhenitcomestoadjustingtocollegeandbeingthrownintoabrandnewenvironment，makingiteasiertofocusonacademicsandactivitiesratherthanacclimationblunders。

Ifyou’renotconvincedoftheinherentvalueintakingayearofftoexploreinterests，thenconsideritsfinancialimpactonfutureacademicchoices。AccordingtotheNationalCenterforEducationStatistics，nearly80percentofcollegestudentsendupchangingtheirmajorsatleastonce。Thisisn’tsurprising，consideringthebasicmandatoryhighschoolcurriculumleavesstudentswithapoorunderstandingofthemselveslistingonemajorontheircollegeapplications，butswitchingtoanotheraftertakingcollegeclasses。It’snotnecessarilyabadthing，butdependingontheschool，itcanbecostlytomakeupcreditsafterswitchingtoolateinthegame。AtBostonCollege，forexample，youwouldhavetocompleteanextrayearwereyoutoswitchtothenursingschoolfromanotherdepartment。Takingagapyeartofigurethingsoutinitiallycanhelppreventstressandsavemoneylateron。

Oneofthereasonsforhigh-schoolgraduatesnottakingagapyearisthat。

[A]theythinkitacademicallymisleading

[B]theyhavealotoffuntoexpectincollege

[C]itfeelsstrangetododifferentlyfromothers

[D]itseemsworthlesstotakeoff-campuscourses

StudiesfromtheUSandAustraliaimplythattakingagapyearhelps。

[A]keepstudentsfrombeingunrealistic

[B]lowerrisksinchoosingcareers

[C]easefreshmen’sfinancialburdens

[D]relievefreshmenofpressures

Theword“acclimation”(Line8，Para。3)isclosestinmeaningto。

[A]adaptation

[B]application

[C]motivation

[D]competition

Agapyearmaysavemoneyforstudentsbyhelpingthem。

[A]avoidacademicfailures

[B]establishlong-termgoals

[C]switchtoanothercollege

[D]decideontherightmajor

Themostsuitabletitleforthistextwouldbe。

[A]InFavoroftheGapYear

[B]TheABCsoftheGapYear

[C]TheGapYearComesBack

[D]TheGapYear：ADilemma

Text4

Thoughoftenviewedasaproblemforwesternstates，thegrowingfrequencyofwildfiresisanationalconcernbecauseofitsimpactonfederaltaxdollars，saysProfessorMaxMoritz，aspecialistinfireecologyandmanagement。

In2023，theUSForestServiceforthefirsttimespentmorethanhalfofits$5.5billionannualbudgetfightingfires—nearlydoublethepercentageitspentonsuchefforts20yearsago。Ineffect，fewerfederalfundstodayaregoingtowardstheagency’sotherwork—suchasforestconservation，watershedandculturalresourcesmanagement，andinfrastructureupkeep—thataffectthelivesofallAmericans。

Anothernationwideconcerniswhetherpublicfundsfromotheragenciesaregoingintoconstructioninfire-pronedistricts。AsMoritzputsit，howoftenarefederaldollarsbuildinghomesthatarelikelytobelosttoawildfire?

“It’salreadyahugeproblemfromapublicexpenditureperspectiveforthewholecountry，”hesays?！盬eneedtotakeamagnifyingglasstothat。Like，“Waitaminute，isthisOK?”“Dowewantinsteadtoredirectthosefundstoconcentrateonlower-hazardpartsofthelandscape?”

SuchaviewwouldrequireacorrespondingshiftinthewayUSsocietytodayviewsfire，researcherssay。

Foronething，conversationsaboutwildfiresneedtobemoreinclusive。Overthepastdecade，thefocushasbeenonclimatechange—howthewarmingoftheEarthfromgreenhousegasesisleadingtoconditionsthatworsenfires。

Whileclimateisakeyelement，Moritzsays，itshouldn’tcomeattheexpenseoftherestoftheequation。

“Thehumansystemsandthelandscapesweliveonarelinked，andtheinteractionsgobothways，”hesays。Failingtorecognizethat，henotes，leadsto“anoverlysimplifiedviewofwhatthesolutionsmightbe。Ourperceptionoftheproblemandofwhatthesolutionisbecomesverylimited。”

Atthesametime，peoplecontinuetotreatfireasaneventthatneedstobewhollycontrolledandunleashedonlyoutofnecessity，saysProfessorBalchattheUniversityofColorado。Butacknowledgingfire’sinevitablepresenceinhumanlifeisanattitudecrucialtodevelopingthelaws，policies，andpracticesthatmakeitassafeaspossible，shesays。

“We’vedisconnectedourselvesfromlivingwithfire，”Balchsays。“Itisreallyimportanttounderstandandtryandteaseoutwhatisthehumanconnectionwithfiretoday?！?/p>

Morefrequentwildfireshavebecomeanationalconcernbecausein2023they。

[A]exhaustedunprecedentedmanagementefforts

[B]consumedarecord-highpercentageofbudget

[C]severelydamagedtheecologyofwesternstates

[D]causedahugeriseofinfrastructureexpenditure

Moritzcallsfortheuseof“amagnifyingglass”to。

[A]raisemorefundsforfire-proneareas

[B]avoidtheredirectionoffederalmoney

[C]findwildfire-freepartsofthelandscape

[D]guaranteesaferspendingofpublicfunds

Whileadmittingthatclimateisakeyelement，Moritznotesthat。

[A]publicdebateshavenotsettledyet

[B]fire-fightingconditionsareimproving

[C]otherfactorsshouldnotbeoverlooked

[D]ashiftintheviewoffirehastakenplace

TheoverlysimplifiedviewMoritzmentionsisaresultoffailingto。

[A]discoverthefundamentalmakeupofnature

[B]explorethemechanismofthehumansystems

[C]maximizetheroleoflandscapeinhumanlife

[D]understandtheinterrelationsofmanandnature

ProfessorBalchpointsoutthatfireissomethingmanshould。

[A]doawaywith

[B]cometotermswith

[C]payapricefor

[D]keepawayfrom

PartB

Directions：

Readthefollowingtextandmatcheachofthenumbereditemsintheleftcolumntoitscorrespondinginformationintherightcolumn。Therearetwoextrachoicesintherightcolumn。MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET。(10points)

ThedeclineinAmericanmanufacturingisacommonrefrain，particularlyfromDonaldTrump?！癢edon’tmakeanythinganymore，”hetoldFoxNews，whiledefendinghisownmade-in-Mexicoclothingline。

Withoutquestion，manufacturinghastakenasignificanthitduringrecentdecades，andfurthertradedealsraisequestionsaboutwhethernewshockscouldhitmanufacturing。

Butthereisalsoadifferentwaytolookatthedata。

Acrossthecountry，factoryownersarenowgrapplingwithanewchallenge：insteadofhavingtoomanyworkers，theymayendupwithtoofew。Despitetradecompetitionandoutsourcing，Americanmanufacturingstillneedstoreplacetensofthousandsofretiringboomerseveryyears。Millennialsmaynotbethatinterestedintakingtheirplace，otherindustriesarerecruitingthemwithsimilarorbetterpay。

Forfactoryowners，italladdsuptostiffcompetitionforworkers—andupwardpressureonwages。“They’rehardertofindandtheyhavejoboffers，”saysJayDunwell，presidentofWolverineCoilSpring，afamily-ownedfirm，“Theymaybecoming[intotheworkforce]，butthey’vebeenpluckedbyotherindustriesthatarealsodoinganwellasmanufacturing，”Mr。Dunwellhasbegunbringinghighschooljuniorstothefactorysotheycangetexposedtoitsculture。

AtRoManManufacturing，amakerofelectricaltransformersandweldingequipmentthathisfathercofoundedin1980，RobertRothkeepacloseeyeontheageofhisnearly200workers，fiveareretiringthisyear。Mr。Rothhasthreecommunity-collegestudentsenrolledinawork-placementprogram，withastartingwageof$13anhourthatrisesto$17aftertwoyears。

Ataworktableinsidethetransformerplant，youngJasonStenquistlooksflusteredbythecoppercoilshe’stryingtoassembleandthearrivaloftwovisitors。It’shisfirstweekonthejob。Askedabouthischoiceofcareer，hesaysathighschoolheconsideredmedicalschoolbeforeswitchingtoelectricalengineering。“Iloveworkingwithtools。Ilovecreating?！県esays。

Buttowinovertheseyoungworkers，manufacturershavetoclearanothermajorhurdle：parents，wholivedthroughtheworstUSeconomicdownturnsincetheGreatDepression，tellingthemtoavoidthefactory。Millennials“remembertheirfatherandmotherbothwerelaidoff。Theyblameitonthemanufacturingrecession，”saysBirgitKlohs，chiefexecutiveofTheRightPlace，abusinessdevelopmentagencyforwesternMichigan。

Theseconcernsaren’tmisplaced：Employmentinmanufacturinghasfallenfrom17millionin1970to12millionin2023。Whentherecoverybegan，workershortagesfirstappearedinthehigh-skilledtrades。Nowshortagesareappearingatthemid-skilllevels。

“Thegapisbetweenthejobsthattaketoskillsandthosethatrequirealotofskill，”saysRobSpohr，abusinessprofessoratMontcalmCommunityCollege?！癟here’reenoughpeopletofillthejobsatMcDonaldsandotherplaceswhereyoudon’tneedtohavemuchskill。It’sthatgapinbetween，andthat’swheretheproblemis?！?/p>

JulieParksofGrandRapidsCommunitypointstoanotherkeytoluringMillennialsintomanufacturing：awork/lifebalance。Whiletheirparentswerecontenttoworklonghours，youngpeoplevalueflexibility。“Overtimeisnotattractivetothisgeneration。Theyreallywanttolivetheirlives，”shesays。

[A]saysthatheswitchedtoelectricalengineeringbecausehelovesworkingwithtools。

41。JayDeuwell

[B]pointsoutthatthereareenoughpeopletofillthejobsthatdon’tneedmuchskill。

42。JasonStenquist

[C]pointsoutthattheUSdoesn’tmanuf