2023年11月CATTI二級筆譯真題

202311CATTI英語二級筆譯真題及參考譯文(2023-11-0820:05:12)轉(zhuǎn)載▼202311CATTI英語二級筆譯真題及參考譯文ECPassage1You’vetemporarilymisplacedyourcellphoneandanxiouslyretraceyourstepstotrytofindit.Orperhapsyouneverletgoofyourphone—it”salwaysinyourhand,yourpocket,oryourbag,readytobeansweredorconsultedatamoment’snotice.Whenyourbatteryliferunsdownattheendoftheday,youfeelthatyoursisrunninglowaswell.Newresearchshowsthatthere’sapsychologicalreasonforsuchextremephonedependence:Accordingtotheattachmenttheory,forsomeofus,ourphoneservesthesamefunctionastheteddybearweclungtoinchildhood.你有過這種經(jīng)受嗎？手機一時放錯了地方，忘了在哪，急趕忙忙返回查找；手機從不離身，總是握在手里，揣在兜里或者放在包里，時刻預(yù)備回復(fù)消息，查找內(nèi)容。一成天過去了，一理動因：依據(jù)依戀理論，手機簡直成了我們大多數(shù)人小時候戀戀不舍的泰迪熊。Attachmenttheoryproposesthatourearlylifeexperienceswithparentsresponsibleforourwell-being,areattherootofourconnectionstotheadultswithwhomweformcloserelationships.Importantly,attachmentinearlylifecanextendtoinanimateobjects.Teddybears,forexample,serveas“transitionalobjects.”Theteddybear,unliketheparent,isalwaysthere.Weextendourdependenceonparentstotheseanimals,andusethemtohelpusmovetoanindependentsenseofself.依靠心理延長到毛絨玩具身上，由此建立起自我獨立意識。Acellphonehasthepotentialtobea“compensatoryattachment”object.Althoughphonesareoftencastigatedfortheiraddictivepotential,scientistsciteevidencethatsupportstheideathat“healthy,normaladultsalsoreportsignificantemotionalattachmenttospecialobjects”援引了相關(guān)證據(jù)來支持這樣一種觀點情感依戀”。Indeed,cellphoneshavebecomeapervasivefeatureofourlives:Thenumberofcellphonesubscriptionsexceedsthetotalpopulationoftheplanet.TheaverageamountofmobileorsmartphoneuseintheU.S.is3.3hoursperday.Phoneshavedistinctadvantages.Theycanbekeptbyyoursideandtheyprovideasocialconnectiontothepeopleyoucareabout.Evenifyou’renottalkingtoyourfriends,lover,orfamily,youcankeeptheirphotoscloseby,readtheirmessages,andfollowthemonsocialmedia.Youcantracktheminrealtimebutalsolookbackonmemorablemomentstogether.Thesechannelshelpyou“feellessalone”.使用移動或智能手機的時間為3.3小時。手機的優(yōu)點顯而易見：可以隨身攜帶，還能便利與自己關(guān)心的人保持聯(lián)系。就算無法與朋友、戀人、家人直接通話，至少手機里的照片、短信能讓你覺得他們近在咫尺還能回憶過去與之相處的難忘瞬間。全部這些，都足以讓你“不那么孤獨”。ECPassage2Manycountrieshaveadoptedtheprincipleofsustainabledevelopmentitcancombatenvironmentdeteriorationinairquality,waterqualityandproductionindevelopingcountries.Healtheducationservesasaviableroleforeverymemberintheworld.Butsomearguethatit”savagueidea,someorganizationsmayuseitinitsowninterests,whetherenvironmentaloreconomicisthenatureofinterests.Othersarguethatsustainabledevelopmentindevelopingcountriesoverlookthelocalcustoms,habitudeandpeople.負面效應(yīng)于不顧。還有人認為，進展中國家在實施可持續(xù)進展戰(zhàn)略過程中，時常無視民風、民俗和民生問題。Whereasinterdependenceisdesirableduringtimesofpeace,warnecessitatescompetitionandindependence.Tariffsandimportationlimitsstrengthenacountry”seconomicvitalitywhilepotentiallyweakeningtheeconomiesofitsenemies.Moreover,protectionismintheweaponsindustryishighlydesirableduringsuchcircumstancesbecauserelianceonanotherstateforarmamentscanbefatal.在和平年月，各國之間相互依存、共謀進展，戰(zhàn)斗時期，各國又相互競爭，追求獨立。關(guān)稅武器制造行業(yè)實行保護主義，可避開對外過度依靠，保護本國免患病致命打擊。Forthemostpart,economistsemphasizethenegativeeffectsofprotectionism.Itreducesinternationaltradeandraisespricesforconsumers.Inaddition,domesticfirmsthatreceiveprotectionhavelessincentivetoinnovate.Althoughfreetradeputsuncompetitivefirmsoutofbusiness,thedisplacedworkersandresourcesareultimatelyallocatedtootherareasoftheeconomy.可以在其他經(jīng)濟領(lǐng)域找到用武之地。Imposingquotasisamethodusedtoprotecttrade,sinceforeigncompaniescannotshipmoreproductsregardlessofhowlowtheysettheirprices.Countriesthathopetohelpanewindustrythrivelocallyoftenimposequotasonimportedgoods.Theybelievethatsuchrestrictionsallowentitiesinthenewindustrytodeveloptheirowncompetitiveadvantagesandproducetheproductsefficiently.的產(chǎn)品數(shù)量始終有限。各國通常會對進口產(chǎn)品實行限額政策，以推動本國興產(chǎn)業(yè)的進展。經(jīng)濟學(xué)家認為，此類限制政策有助于興產(chǎn)業(yè)實體充分提升自身競爭力及商品生產(chǎn)效率。Protectionism’spurposeisusuallytocreatejobsfordomesticworkers.Companiesthatoperateinindustriesprotectedbyquotashireworkerslocally.Anotherdisadvantageofquotasisthereductioninthequalityofproductsintheabsenceofcompetitionfromforeigncompanies.Withoutcompetition,localfirmsarelesslikelytoinvestininnovationandimprovetheirproductsandservices.Domesticsellersdon’thaveanincentivetoenhanceefficiencyandlowertheirprices,andundersuchconditions,consumerseventuallypaymoreforproductsandservicestheycouldreceivefromforeigncompetitors.Aslocalcompanieslosecompetitiveness,theybecomepressuredtooutsourcejobs.Inthelong-run,increasingprotectionismcommonlyleadstolayoffsandeconomicslowdown.貿(mào)易主義政策通常旨在制造外鄉(xiāng)就業(yè)崗位。受益于限額政策的業(yè)內(nèi)公司通常只雇傭當?shù)毓た?。國?nèi)商家既不留意提升生產(chǎn)效率、也不推出價格優(yōu)待措施，久而久之不外包產(chǎn)品和效勞。從長遠來看，保護主義盛行，通常會導(dǎo)致企業(yè)裁員，引起經(jīng)濟衰退。CEPassage1與疾病作斗爭中逐步形成并不斷豐富進展的醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)奉獻，也對世界文明進步產(chǎn)生了樂觀影響。Humanityhascreatedacolorfulglobalcivilizationinthelongcourseofitsdevelopment,andthecivilizationofChinaisanimportantcomponentoftheworldcivilizationharboringgreatdiversity.AsarepresentativefeatureofChinesecivilization,traditionalChinesemedicine(TCM)isamedicalsciencethatwasformedanddevelopedinthedailylifeofthepeopleandintheprocessoftheirfightagainstdiseasesoverthousandsofyears.Ithasmadeagreatcontributiontothenation”sprocreationandthecountry”sprosperity,inadditiontoproducingapositiveimpactontheprogressofhumancivilization.中醫(yī)藥在歷史進展進程中，兼容并蓄、創(chuàng)開放，形成了獨特的生命觀、安康觀、疾病觀、人們安康觀念變化和醫(yī)學(xué)模式轉(zhuǎn)變，中醫(yī)藥越來越顯示出獨特價值。TCMhascreateduniqueviewsonlife,onfitness,ondiseasesandonthepreventionandtreatmentofdiseasesduringitslonghistoryofabsorptionandinnovation.Itrepresentsacombinationofnaturalsciencesandhumanities,embracingprofoundphilosophicalideasoftheChinesenation.Asideasonfitnessandmedicalmodelschangeandevolve,traditionalChinesemedicinehascometounderlineamoreandmoreprofoundvalue.。SincethefoundingofthePeople”sRepublicofChinain1949,theChinesegovernmenthassetgreatstorebyTCMandrenderedvigoroussupporttoitsdevelopment.TCMandWesternmedicinehavetheirdifferentstrengths.TheyworktogetherinChinatoprotectpeoplefromdiseasesandimprovepublichealth.ThishasturnedouttobeoneoftheimportantfeaturesandnotablestrengthsofmedicinewithChinesecharacteristics.CEPassage2步，但饑餓和貧困照舊是一種“無聲的危機”，是深深困擾全人類的“阿喀琉斯之踵”。目8強農(nóng)業(yè)合作，更多關(guān)注進展中國家、尤其是一些最不興旺國家的訴求。應(yīng)削減貿(mào)易保護，加強對最不興旺國家農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)、資金等支持，提高全球農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)水平和糧食安全保障水平。Foodforallis,formankind,themostfundamentalrightofsurvival,whichservesasthebasisforallotherhumanrights.Greatprogresshasbeenmadeintheglobalagriculturaldevelopment.Yethungerandpovertyhaveremaineda“silentcrisis“.Theyarelikethe“Achillesheel“,deeplytroublingallhumanbeings.Over800millionpoorpeopleintheworldstillfacethethreatoffoodshortagesandmalnutrition.Topromoteagriculturaldevelopmentanderadicatehungerandpovertyremainsamajorchallengeoftheworldandacommonresponsibilityofmankind.Theinternationalcommunitymayjoinhandstoenhanceagriculturalcooperationandpaygreate