2023-2024學(xué)年度新人教版必修一UNIT 4 Reading and Thinking課件（51張）

2023-2024學(xué)年度新人教版必修一UNIT4

NATURALDISASTERSReadingandThinkingTeachingobjectivesBytheendoftheclass,

you

will

beableto:identifythelanguagefeaturesofliteraryjournalismandthestructureofthetext.010203appreciatethefiguresofspeechandwritingskillsusedinthetext.04learnaboutthebasicinformationoftheTangshanearthquake.graspandusesomewordsandphrasesdescribinganaturaldisaster.Canyouguesswhathappenedduringabigearthquake?Buildings_____________felldownPeoplewere_________________________trappedorburiedThewaterpipes_____________________________crackedandburstThecitywas____________andlay_________

destroyedinruins

TheNighttheEarthdidn’tSleep1.What’stextmainlyabout?2.Whatdoesthewritermeanbythetitle?While-readingSkimmingformaininformation.1.Whatkindoftextisit?2.Howaretheeventsarranged?Thetypeofwritingofthetextis

literaryjournalism.Literaryjournalismusuallydescribesrealhistoricaleventsandrealcharacters.Theusageofthefiguresofspeechcanstimulatereaders'feelingsandthustouchthereaders.Thetextisorganizedinchronological/timeorder.Skimmingformaininformation.Readthetextcarefullyandthenwritedownthemainideaofeachparagraph.Paragraph1:Warningsignsbeforetheearthquakes.Paragraph2:______________________________Paragraph3:______________________________Paragraph4:______________________________Paragraph5:______________________________Thehappeningofthebigearthquake.Theimmediateeffectsoftheearthquake.Therescuework.Therevivalofthecity.duringtheearthquake

aftertheearthquakebeforetheearthquakeStrangethingswerehappeningInthevillagewellsInthefarmyardInthefieldIntheskyWhatwastheattitudeofthepeopleinthecitytowardsthosestrangethings?Butthecity’sonemillionpeoplewereasleepasusualthatnight.PeopleignoredthewarningsignsignorantPara1.Strangethingswerehappening.SupportingdetailsAt_________,everythingbegantoshake.____________ofthenationfelttheearthquake.Ahugecrackthatwas_______kilometreslongand

_____metreswidecutacrosshouses.Inlessthan___minute,alargecitylayinruins.

___________ofthepeoplediedorwereinjuredduringtheearthquake.Thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledorbadlyinjuredreachedmorethan________.Allofthecity’shospitals,_____ofitsfactoriesandbuildingsand_____ofitshomesweregone.Para2.Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend.3:42a.m.Onethirdeight30oneTwothirds

400,00075%90%Howdidpeoplefeelatthattime?shockedSupportingdetailsGuesswhattheword“ruin”meansfromthecontext.課本原句：Inlessthanoneminute,alargecitylayinruins.Thisworddescribesthecitystraightaftertheearthquake.Inashorttime,alotofdamagewasdone,soitmustdescribeaplacethathasbeenbadlydamaged.Learningtip:Whenyouseeawordyoudonotknow,donotstopandlookitupinadictionary.Ifyoucontinuereading,thecontextwillprobablyhelpyouunderstandwhatitmeans.Whatwasthepeople’sfeelingatthattime?Peoplefelthopelessatthattime.Para3.Everywheresurvivorslooked,therewasnothingbutruins.factories,buildingsandhomes,hospitalsbricksdams,bridges,railwaytrackscows,pigs,chickenswater,food,electricitySupportingdetailsPara4.Buthopewasnotlost.

whowhatresult

hopefulSupportingdetailssoldiersdoctorsandnursesworkers

todigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedeadcametoprovidemedicalservice

buildsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyedthecitybegantobreatheagainWhatdoesthewritermeanby“Slowly,thecitybegantobreatheagain”?Thewritermeansthatthecitybegantofunctionagain,becausetheearthquakehadstoppedpeopleandsuppliesmovingabout,andsoitwaslikethecitycouldn'tbreathe.comebacktolifeorrecoverIthinktherevivalofTangshanwashelpedbythestrongsupportofthegovernmentandthepeoplewhoallworkedinunitytorebuildthecityevenbetterthanbefore.Para5Tangshanstartedtoreviveitselfandgetbackuponitsfeet.WhatdoyouthinkhelpedintherevivalofTangshancity?Thechangeofpeople'sfeelingignorantshockedhopelesshopefulbeforetheearthquakeduringtheearthquakeaftertheearthquakewhentherescuecame1.①Thenighttheearthdidn’tsleep.②Slowly,thecitybegantobreatheagain.2....thewaterinthevillagewellsroseandfell,roseandfell...Readingforlanguagefeaturesandwritingskillsfigureofspeech:personification擬人Function:tomakethelanguagevividandexpressive,andresonatewithreaders.figureofspeech:Repetition重復(fù)Function:tomakethedescriptionmorevividandinvolvethereadersintheatmosphere3.Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend.4.①Brickscoveredthegroundlikeredautumnleaves.②Hardhillsofrockbecameriversofdirt.Readingforlanguagefeaturesandwritingskillsfigureofspeech:①simile明喻②metaphor暗喻Function:tomakethedescriptionmorevivid.figureofspeech:exaggeration夸張F(tuán)unction:toshowthedestructionwasextremelysevere.What'sthefunctionofthefigures?3:42a.m.11kilometers200kilometers15seconds2/375%,90%400,000Toshowthedisastrousdestructionandsuffering;tomakethepassagetrueandconvincing.After-readingWenchuancountyandsomeothertownsnearWenchuanhavethesimilarexperiences.Thesetownswerebuiltupfromtheruins.Aswellasdevelopingbetterwaystodetectandprepareforthesedisasters,wehavelearntthatactingquicklyandinunityisthebestwaytogetoversuchdisasters.Thestrongsupportfromgovernmentandpeoplearoundarealsoveryimportant.DiscussionWhatothercitiesortownshavegonethroughsimilarchanges?Whatlessonscanwelearnfromtheseevents?Livetotell:Raisingawareness,reducingmortality.用生命呼吁：增強(qiáng)減災(zāi)意識(shí)，減少人員傷亡。Home-work1.Summarizethepassage.2.DosomeresearchonothernaturaldisastersbysurfingtheInternetandmakeareport.Ⅰ閱讀理解（根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容選擇正確答案）1.Thetitle“Thenighttheearthdidn’tsleep”means________.A.theearthwasawakeallnightlongB.theearthshooklikecrazythatnightC.animalsontheearthwouldnotsleepthatnightD.peopleontheearthcouldn’tfallasleepthatnight2.Howdidtheauthorwritethedetailsofthedamage?A.Intimeorder. B.Inspaceorder.C.Byexampleswithdata. D.Bymakingcontrasts（對(duì)比）.○○附：課文預(yù)習(xí)自測(cè)3.Whatdoesthelastsentence“Slowly，thecitybegantobreatheagain.”inthelastbutoneparagraphmean?A.Thetreesturnedgreen.B.Theanimalsbegantobreathe.C.Thecityreturnedtonormalgradually.D.Peoplewhoweretrappedcametolife.4.Accordingtothelastparagraph，inwhichaspect（方面）hasTangshanimproveditself?A.Industry. B.Environment.C.Transportation. D.Alloftheabove.○○Ⅱ語(yǔ)法填空（根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容和語(yǔ)法規(guī)則完成短文）

ManystrangethingshappenedbeforeTangshanearthquakehappened.Thewellwallshaddeepcracks.Somesmellygascameout1_______

wells.Chickensandevenpigsweretoonervoustoeat.At3：42on2________

morningofJuly28，1976，everythingbegantoshake.Itseemedasiftheworld3____________（come）toanend.Hardhillsofrockbecameriversofdirt.Inlessthanoneminute，thewholecitylayin4________（ruin）.Twothirdsofthepeoplediedorwereinjured.Everythinginthecitywasdestroyed.People5_____________（shock）atthisandwonderedhowlongthedisasterwouldlast.Thearmyorganisedteamstodigoutthose6________

weretrappedandtoburythedead.Workersbuiltsheltersfor7_________（survive）.Freshwaterandfoodweretakentothecity.Slowly，thecitybegan8__________（breathe）again.Withstrongsupportfromthegovernmentandthetirelesseffortsofthecity’speople，anewTangshanwasbuiltupontheearthquakeruins.It9_________________（prove）thatintimesofdisaster，peoplemustunifyandshowthe10________（wise）tostaypositiveandrebuildforabrighterfuture.ofthewerecomingruinswereshockedwhosurvivorstobreatheproves/hasprovedwisdomLanguagepoints核心詞匯教材原句p.50 Inlessthanoneminute，alargecitylayinruins.

在不到一分鐘的時(shí)間里，一座大城市淪為廢墟。1ruinn.&vt.破壞；毀壞 inruins嚴(yán)重受損；破敗不堪 gotoruin/fallintoruin衰落，敗落 reducesth.toruins把某物夷為廢墟Thewholecitylayinruinsaftertheearthquake，whichmadeusawakeallnight.地震之后整個(gè)城市成了一片廢墟，這讓我們徹夜未眠。Theydon’twanttoseeourcountryfall

intofinancialruin，orhavechildrengohungry，orseeschoolsfail.他們不愿看到我們的國(guó)家陷入經(jīng)濟(jì)崩潰、或是讓孩子們挨餓、或者學(xué)校停辦。Thebadweatherruinedourtrip.壞天氣破壞了我們的旅行。Thecountrywasruinedbythewar.這個(gè)國(guó)家因戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)而遭到嚴(yán)重破壞。搭配題組練·領(lǐng)悟方法【詞語(yǔ)辨析】ruin，damage與destroy（1）ruin嚴(yán)重地“毀壞”，側(cè)重指破壞事物的內(nèi)在價(jià)值。

Theillnesshasruinedmylife.這個(gè)病毀掉了我的生活。（2）damage部分性“破壞”“損壞”，一般還可以修復(fù)。Youhavedamagedmybike；you’dbettergetitrepaired.你弄壞了我的自行車，你最好找人修一修。（3）destroy徹底地“破壞”“毀壞”，一般不能或很難再修復(fù)。Thebombcompletelydestroyedthatbuilding.炸彈徹底炸毀了那棟建筑。單句語(yǔ)法填空（1）Shortlyaftersufferingfromamassiveearthquakeandbeingreducedto________（ruin），thecitytookonanewlook.（2）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］Thewholetown___________（ruin）bytheheavystormlastnight.Thearmysent10，000soldierstohelprescuethetrappedpeople.完成句子（3）Carlcaresaboutnothingandhasletthefarm___________________________（敗落）.（4）Eversincetheearthquake，thisplacehasbeen________________（一片廢墟）.辨析填空：damage，ruin，destroy（5）Mycarwas__________

inanaccident，soIhavetobuyanewone.（6）Mynewshoesgot________

inthemud.（7）Theaccidentcausedsome________

tomycar，butit’snothingserious.ruinswasruinedgotoruin/fallintoruininruins

destroyedruineddamage教材原句p.50Peoplewereinshock…人們驚恐萬(wàn)狀……2shockn.&vt.（1）n.震驚；令人震驚的事；休克搭配：inshock震驚，吃驚He’sstillinastateofshock.他至今還驚魂未定。Thenewsofhisdeathcameasagreatshocktoeveryone.他去世的消息讓所有人都非常震驚。Shewastakentohospitalsufferingfromshock.她因休克被送到醫(yī)院。（2）vt.（使）震驚搭配：Itshockssb.tosee/hear...看到/聽到……使某人震驚。Itshockedthemtohearthathehadgoneabroad.聽說他出國(guó)的消息，他們驚訝不已?！驹~語(yǔ)積累】（1）shockedadj.驚愕的，震驚的beshockedat/by對(duì)……感到震驚beshockedtodosth.對(duì)做某事感到震驚shockedlook/expression/voice震驚的表情/聲音（2）shockingadj.令人震驚的，令人憎惡的It’sshockingthat...……是令人憎惡的。shockingnews令人震驚的消息單句語(yǔ)法填空（1）Ilookedatmyhusband________

shock，waitingforhimtotellmethatIhadmisunderstoodeverything.（2）Itshockedme________（think）howclosewehadcometobeingkilled.（3）Peoplewere________（shock）toseethatthelittlegirlwasoftenbeatenbyherstepmother.The________（shock）news________（shock）allthepeoplearound，whichwasalso________

shocktoherfatherwhowasworkingabroad.完成句子（4）__________________________（聽到……讓我震驚）thatthehospitalwasclosingdown.（5）Theparents_______________________（對(duì)……感到震驚）thenewsthattheirsonneededanoperationonhisknee.

intothinkshockedshockingshockedaItshockedmetohearwereshockedby/at

教材原句p.50 ...todigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.

……將受困群眾從廢墟中搶救出來，并掩埋了死者。3trapvt.&n.（1）vt.使落入險(xiǎn)境；使陷入圈套（trap—trapped—trapped） be/gettrappedin困在……中；陷入……中 trapsb.intodoingsth.誘使某人做某事Theyweretrappedinthelift.他們被困在電梯里。Bycleverquestioningtheytrapped

him

intotellingthetruth.他們用巧妙的提問誘使他說出真相。（2）n.險(xiǎn)境；陷阱 lay/setatrap（forsb.）（給某人）設(shè)下圈套 fall/walkintoatrap落入圈套peoplecaughtintheunemploymenttrap陷入失業(yè)困境中的人們Ifyouchoosethisway，you’relikelytofall

intoatrap.如果你選擇這條路，你可能會(huì)落入圈套。搭配搭配單句語(yǔ)法填空（1）Fireofficersusedcuttingequipmenttofreehislegs，which______________（trap）underasteelbeam.（2）________（trap）intohisliesoverandoveragain，shefeltverydisappointed.完成句子（3）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］They________________（被困在）themountain，waitingtoberescued.（4）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］午夜，他們終于救出了困在山谷中的游客。___________________________________________________________________weretrappedTrappedweretrappedinAtmidnighttheyfinallyrescuedthetouristswhoweretrappedinthevalley.4buryvt.埋葬；安葬 buryone’sface/headinsth.把臉/頭埋在某物里面 buryoneselfin埋頭于，專心于 buryone’sfeelings感情不外露Heburiedhisfaceinhishandsandwept.他雙手掩面而泣。You’llhavetobury

yourself

inyourstudiesifyouwanttopasstheentranceexaminations.要想通過入學(xué)考試，你必須埋頭讀書。Hehaslearnttobury

his

feelings.他已經(jīng)學(xué)會(huì)了感情不外露。搭配【歸納拓展】“專心于，致力于”的多種表達(dá)：belostin beabsorbedin devoteoneselfto=bedevotedtoconcentrateon focuson Theoldmanwaslostinthoughtanddidnothearuscomein.這個(gè)老人凝神沉思，沒有聽見我們進(jìn)來。Timepassesquicklywhenyouare

absorbed

inreadingagoodbook.當(dāng)你專心讀一本好書時(shí)，時(shí)間就過得飛快。Ifyouconcentrate

ontheproject，youcanfinishitontime.你如果專注于這個(gè)項(xiàng)目，就可以按時(shí)完成。單句語(yǔ)法填空（1）Themandugoutsomegoldfromthecanal，buthewonderedwhere________（bury）it.（2）Eversincehemovedthere，he________________（bury）inhisresearchwork.完成句子（3）He___________________________________（雙手掩面）andburstintotears.（4）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］________

inrescuingthetrappedgirl，therescueworkersdidn’tnoticeherparents_________

wereburiedundertheruins.=________

themselvesinrescuingthetrappedgirl，therescueworkersdidn’tnoticeherparents_____________

undertheruins.專心營(yíng)救那個(gè)被困的女孩，救援工人沒有注意到被埋在廢墟下的女孩的父母。toburyhasbeenburiedburiedhisfaceinhishandsBuriedwho/thatBurying（were）buried教材原句p.50 Slowly，thecitybegantobreatheagain.

慢慢地，這座城市又開始恢復(fù)了生機(jī)。5breathevi.&vt.呼吸搭配：breathein/out吸氣/呼氣Hisillnessisaresultofbreathinginpaintfumesovermanyyears.他的病是多年吸入油漆氣體引起的。Hebreatheddeeplybeforespeakingagain.他深深吸一口氣，然后繼續(xù)說下去?！驹~語(yǔ)積累】breathn.呼吸的空氣；一次吸入的空氣outofbreath氣喘吁吁，上氣不接下氣 holdone’sbreath屏住呼吸

takeadeepbreath深吸一口氣 loseone’sbreath喘不過氣來【誤區(qū)警示】loseone’sbreath與beoutofbreath雖然含義相同，但是loseone’sbreath表示動(dòng)作，beoutofbreath表示狀態(tài)。單句語(yǔ)法填空（1）Ilikegettingupveryearlyinsummer.Themorningairissogood___________（breathe）.完成句子（2）Daniel___________________________（深吸一口氣）anddivedintothewater.（3）Thedoctortoldmeto__________________（深深吸氣）andthen__________________（慢慢呼氣）.（4）Fredenteredwithoutknockingand，______________（上氣不接下氣），sankintoachair.tobreathetookadeepbreathbreatheindeeplybreatheoutslowlyoutofbreath教材原句p.50Withstrongsupportfromthegovernmentandthetirelesseffortsofthecity’speople...有了來自政府的大力支持以及唐山人民的不懈努力……6effort

n.努力；艱難的嘗試；盡力 makeanefforttodosth.盡力做某事 Ittakesefforttodosth.花費(fèi)精力去做某事。 sparenoefforttodosth.不遺余力地做某事 puteffortinto（doing）sth.努力做某事 inanefforttodosth.為了做某事 with/withouteffort費(fèi)力地/毫不費(fèi)力地Theyaremakingeffortstoreducepoverty.他們正在努力減少貧困。Iwillmake

everyefforttoachievemygoal.我將盡一切努力來實(shí)現(xiàn)我的目標(biāo)。Youshouldput

more

effort

intoyourwork.你應(yīng)該更加努力地工作。搭配單句語(yǔ)法填空（1）Thereisnoneedtoworryaboutitasthegovernmentisnowmakingeveryeffort__________（provide）morejobs.（2）Thecompanyhaslaidoff（解雇）150workersin________

efforttosavemoney.完成句子（3）Jack______________________________（已努力改進(jìn)）hisequipment.（4）準(zhǔn)備一次展覽要花費(fèi)很多時(shí)間和精力。________________________________________________________toprovideanhasmadeanefforttoimprove

Ittakesalotoftimeandefforttogetanexhibitionready.教材原句p.51 ...thoughtheyweresufferingfromterribleinjuries...

……盡管他們受了重傷……7suffervt.&vi.（1）vt.遭受；蒙受 pain/hardship經(jīng)歷痛苦/困難 adefeat/aloss/damage/punishment遭受失敗/損失/損害/懲罰Sheissufferingalotofpain.她遭受著巨大的痛苦。Thecarsufferedheavydamageintheaccident.這輛汽車在事故中遭到了嚴(yán)重破壞。搭配：suffer（2）vi.（因疾病、痛苦、悲傷等）受苦 abadback背疼 abadcold患重感冒 illhealth身體不好 aheadache/toothache頭痛/牙痛Howlonghaveyoubeensufferingfromaheadache?你頭痛有多久了？【詞語(yǔ)積累】sufferern.患病者；受苦者；受難者

sufferingn.苦難；痛苦；讓人痛苦的事（常用復(fù)數(shù)）搭配：sufferfrom單句語(yǔ)法填空（1）Millionsofpeoplesufferdiscomfort________oneormorecoldseachyear.（2）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］After________（suffer）seriousdamagecausedbytheterribleearthquake，Japanrealizedtheimportanceoflivinginharmonywithnature.（3）Theoldmanissaidtohavegonethroughmany__________（suffer）duringthewar.完成句子（4）瑪麗眼下身體不好。Maryis___________________________atthemoment.（5）許多國(guó)家在金融危機(jī)中損失慘重。Manycountries________________________inthefinancialcrisis.fromsufferingsufferingssufferingfromillhealthsufferedhugelosses重點(diǎn)句式教材原句p.50Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend!仿佛世界末日即將來臨！【句式分析】句中asif（＝asthough）意為“仿佛，好像”，引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。此外asif還可以引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句。1asif引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句（1）如果所引導(dǎo)的從句表示的情況是真實(shí)的或是極有可能發(fā)生的，從句要用陳述語(yǔ)氣。Itsoundsasifitisraining.聽起來像是在下雨。（陳述語(yǔ)氣）（2）當(dāng)說話人所陳述的是不真實(shí)的或極不可能發(fā)生或存在的情況時(shí)，從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。①如果表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，從句謂語(yǔ)用一般過去時(shí)，be動(dòng)詞用were。Itseemsasifitwereraining.外面看起來好像下雨一樣。（虛擬，其實(shí)并沒有下雨）②如果表示與過去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，從句謂語(yǔ)用過去完成時(shí)，即“had+過去分詞”。Theytalkedasthoughtheyhadbeenfriendsforyears.他們談起話來就像多年的老朋友。③如果表示與將來事實(shí)相反的情況，從句謂語(yǔ)用“would/could/might+動(dòng)詞原形”。Heopenedhismouthasifhewouldsaysomething.他張開嘴好像要說什么。單句語(yǔ)法填空（1）Hetalksasifhe________（know）everythingintheworld.（2）［詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)］Hedescribedthecharactersinthenovelasifhe________（meet）themfacetoface.（3）Tomraisedhishandsasif________（say）something.（4）Elizarememberseverythingexactlyasifit__________（happen）yesterday.完成句子（5）__________________________（看起來好像）hedidn’tcareabouteverythingaroundhim.（6）He________________________（看上去好像）hewasabouttoburstintotears.（7）Shelefttheroomhurriedly________________________（好像生氣的樣子）.knewhadmettosayhappenedItseemedasiflookedasifasif（shewas）angry教材原句p.50Thousandsofchildrenwereleftwithoutparents.數(shù)以千計(jì)的孩子失去了父母?！揪涫椒治觥烤渲械闹^語(yǔ)wereleft使用了被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，withoutparents為主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)；其主動(dòng)形式應(yīng)為leavethousandsofchildrenwithoutparents。2leave+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)