2021屆武漢市水果湖高級(jí)中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)期末考試試題及答案

2021屆武漢市水果湖高級(jí)中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)期末考試試題及答案第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)AWashingtonDCBusToursDCHighlightsTourThisistheirbasetour.Itbeginsat10amdailyandlastsfor5hours.Thispart-bus,part-walkingtourincludesguidedstopsintheUS.Alloftheirtoursincludeadriveraswellasatourguide,andyourtourguidewillgetoffthebusandgiveyouwalkingtoursofeachstop,whileyourbusanddriverwaitforyou.CapitolBuilding,theWhiteHouse,WashingtonMonumentaswellastheLincolnandMLKMemorialsandtheVietnamWarandKoreanWarVeteransMemorials.$54—AdultI$44—Child（3—12）DiscoverDCTourIfyouwantprettymuchtoexploreeveryfamousmonumentandlandmarkinDCandtakea1-hourcruiseonthePotomacRiver,thenconsidertheDiscoverDCTour.This6-hourtourwilltakeyoutoalllocations（景點(diǎn)）listedontheirDCHighlightsTouraswellastheWorldWar回Memorial,theFranklinDelanoRooseveltMemorial,andtheThomasJeffersonMemorial.TIP:IfyouareplanningonvisitingNYC,youwillget30%offtheDiscoverNYCTour（normally$100）ifyoubuyitatthesametimeasyourDiscoverDCTour.$74—AdultI$54—Child（3—12）VIPExclusiveWashingtonDCCityTourThis8-hourtourisactuallytheDiscoverDCTourabovewithaVIPadd-onatthebeginningandtheend.You*11meetyourguideearlyforreserved（預(yù)留）ticketstotourinsidetheUSCapitolBuilding.The45-minutetourandfilmhavereservedticketssoyoudon'thavetoworryaboutitbeingsoldout.Afteryourdayofsightseeing,you'llbedroppedoffattheNationalArchives,againwithreservedtimeticketssoyoudon'thavetoworryaboutwaitinginline.$125forAdultsandChildrenSkyviewChangeableBusTourOnthischangeableminibus,yougettoexperienceaguidedtourwithpanoramicviews（全景）withouttheglareofawindowinthephotos!AguidedbustourtakesyounotonlythroughalllocationslistedontheDCHighlightsTour,butalsoOldTownAlexandriaandNationalHarbor.$69—AdultI$59—Child（3—12）Time:9am—4pmWhat'sspecialabouttheDCHighlightsTour?A.Itusesminibuses. B.Ithasthefewestlocations.C.Ithasthemosttourguides. D.Itprovidesreservedtickets.HowmuchshouldamanpayifhebuystheDiscoverDCTourandtheDiscoverNYCTouratthesametime?A.$128. B.$174. C.$104. D.$144.Whichtourlaststhelongest?A.DCHighlightsTour. B.DiscoverDCTour.C.VIPExclusiveWashingtonDCCityTour. D.SkyviewChangeableBusTour.BAteamofresearchersfromseveralinstitutionsintheUKandoneinEstoniahascreatedatypeofbuoy（浮標(biāo)）thathasproventobeeffectiveatfrighteningseabirds,thuspreventingthemfromgettingcaughtingillnets—atypeofverticalfishingnetthatismadeofamaterialthatmakesitnearlyinvisibleunderwater.Everyyear,hundredsofthousandsofseabirdsdiewhentheygetcaughtingillnets.Someestimatessuggestthatuptoahalf-millionbirdsarecaughtinthemeachyear.Overtheyears,researchershavecreateddevices（裝置）topreventthebirdsfromtryingtocatchfishnearoringillnets,butthosedidn'tworkwell.Tofindawaythatwouldworkforallseabirds,theresearchersfirststudiedseabirdsinageneralsense,lookingtofindthingsthattheywouldavoid.Theynotedthatseabirdsavoidedeyecontactwithothercreatures.Thentheresearcherscameupwithasimpleidea—theyputasmallpoletoaregularbuoyandthenattachedapairofgooglyeyes（金魚(yú)眼）tothetopofit.Theymadetheeyesbigenoughsothatevenbirdswithpooreyesight,suchasgeese,wouldseethem.Addingtotheeffectivenessofthedevice,wavesmadetheeyesmovebackandforth.Andthewindmadethebuoyspinveryslowly,makingsurethatbirdsfromeverydirectionwouldgetagoodlookattheeyes.Totesttheiridea,theresearchersselectedseveralsitesneargillnetsandcountedhowmanybirdsapproachedandhowmanyattemptedtocatchfishnearthenets.Theythensetuptheirgoogly-eyedbuoysandonceagaincountedbirds.Overthecourseof62days,theyfoundthenumberofbirdsthattriedtocatchfishnearthegillnetsdroppedbyapproximately25%foradistanceofupto50meters.Theyalsofoundthatthebirdswerelesslikelytofishnearwherethebuoyshadbeenforuptothreeweeksaftertheyhadbeenremoved.4.Whatisthefunctionofparagraph2?Introducinganewtopictodiscuss.C.Summarizingthepreviousparagraph.Providingbackgroundinformation.D.Pointingoutthemainideaofthetext.Whydidtheresearchersmakethegooglyeyesbig?A.Toensurealltheseabirdscanseethem.B.Toclearlyobserveseabirds'eyecontact.C.Toallowthemtosurvivethestrongwind.D.Toeffectivelyidentifytherightdirection.Whatdoestheresearchers'testresultmainlysuggest?A.ThenewdevicestillneedsimprovingC.Seabirdshardlycatchfishnearthenets.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Agroupofresearchersinterestedinseabirds.C.Adevicekeepingseabirdssafefromgillnets.Gillnetsareadeathvalleyforseabirds.D.Thegoogly-eyedbuoyproveseffective.B.Awaytohelpseabirdscatchfisheffectively.D.Agoogly-eyedbuoyguidingseabirdstohunt.CElizabethSpelke,acognitivepsychologistatHarvard,hasspenthercareertestingtheworld’smostcomplexlearningsystem-themindofababy.Babiesmightseemlikenomatchforartificialintelligence(AI).Theyareterribleatlabelingimages,hopelessatminingtext,andawfulatvideogames.Thenagain,babiescandothingsbeyondthereachofanyAI.Byjustafewmonthsold,they’vebeguntograspthefoundationsoflanguage,suchasgrammar.They’vestartedtounderstandhowtoadapttounfamiliarsituations.YetevenexpertslikeSpelkedon’tunderstandpreciselyhowbabiesoradultslearn.ConsideroneofthemostimpressiveexamplesofAI,AlphaZero,aprogrammethatplaysboardgameswithsuperhumanskill.Afterplayingthousandsofgamesagainstitselfatasuperspeed,andlearningfromwinningpositions,AlphaZeroindependentlydiscoveredseveralfamouschessstrategiesandeveninventednewones.Itcertainlyseemslikeamachineeclipsinghumancognitiveabilities.ButAlphaZeroneedstoplaymillionsmoregamesthanapersonduringpracticetolearnagame.Mostimportantly,itcannottakewhatithaslearnedfromthegameandapplyittoanotherarea.TosomeAIexperts,thatcallsforanewapproach.InaNovemberresearchpaper,FrancoisChollet,awell-knownAIengineer,arguedthatit’smisguidedtomeasuremachineintelligencejustaccordingtoitsskillsatspecifictasks.“Humansdon’tstartoutwithskills;theystartoutwithabroadabilitytoacquirenewskills,”hesays.“Whatastronghumanchessplayerisdemonstratingisnotonlytheabilitytoplaychess,butthepotentialtofulfillanytaskofasimilardifficulty.”ComparedtoanadvancedAIprogramme,ababymightbebetterat .Aplayinggames B.identifyinglocations C.labelingpictures D.makingadjustmentsWhatdoestheunderlinedword“eclipsing”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Imitating. B.Beating. C.Limiting. D.Promoting.Accordingtothetext,FrancoisCholletmayagreethat .AIisgoodatcompletingcertainassignments.AIislikelytogainabilitieswithlesstraining.AIlackstheabilityofacquiringspecificskills.AIperformsbetterthanhumansincognitiveability.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.Whatisexactlyintelligence? B.WhyismodernAIadvanced?C.Whereishumanintelligencegoing? D.HowdohumansfacethechallengeofAI?DMarkTwain,thefamousAmericanwriter,wasoncetravelinginFrance.HewentbytraintoDijon.Hewasverytiredandwantedtosleep.HethereforeaskedtheconductortowakehimupwhenthetraincametoDijon.Butfirstheexplainedhewasaveryheavysleeper,“Imaypossiblyprotest（抗議）loudlywhenyoutrytowakemeup,”hesaidtotheconductor.“Butdon’ttakeanynoticeofwhatIsay.Justputmeoffthetrainanyway.”ThenMarkTwainwenttosleep.Later,whenhewokeupitwasnighttimeandthetrainhadreachedParisalready.HerealizedatoncethattheconductorhadforgottentowakehimupatDijon.Hewassoangrythatherantotheconductorandbegantoshoutathim.“Ihaveneverbeensoangryinmylife,”MarkTwainsaid.Theconductorlookedathimcalmly（平靜地）.“YouarenothalfsoangryastheAmericanwhomIputoffthetrainatDijon,”hesaid.MarkTwainknewthathewasaheavysleeper,so .heprotestedloudlytotheconductorhedidnotsleepbeforehearrivedinDijonhetoldtheconductortowakehimupnomatterhowloudlyhemightprotesthesleptlightlythattimeTheconductordidn’twakeupMarkTwainatDijonbecause .hedidn’ttakeMarkTwain’swordsseriouslyheforgotMarkTwain’swordswhenthetraincametoDijonhedidnotwanttobearhisprotesthemistookanotherAmericantravelerforMarkTwainTheAmericanwhomtheconductorputoffthetrain .didnotwanttogetoffatDijonwantedtogetoffatPariswantedtogetoffatDijondidnotwanttogetoffatParisWhichofthefollowingisTRUE?Theconductordidn’ttakeMarkTwain’swordsseriously.TheconductordidtakeMarkTwain’swordsseriously.Theconductorwasaheavysleeper.MarkTwainmustgetoffatParis.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)Howlongdoesayearlast?16Yourparentsmightsaythatawholeyearcanpass—intheblinkofaneye.Whydoestimeseemtopassfasteraswegetolder?___17___Thisphysicalchangecausestherateatwhichwetakeinandprocessnewinformationtodecline.Babies,forexample,movetheireyesmuchmoreoftenthanadultsbecausethey'reprocessingimagesatafasterrate.Theytakeinalotofinformationanddomanythingsinasingleday. 18 However,aspeople'sbrainsdegradeovertime,fewerimagesareprocessedinthesameamountoftime.Therefore,olderpeoplereceivelessinformationduringadaythanyoungerpeople.Thiscausesthingstoseemasthoughthey'rehappeningmorequickly.___19___Peoplemaymeasuretimebythenumberofmemorableeventsthatcanberecalledwithinacertainperiod.Haveyouevernoticedthatwhenyourecallyourfirststheyseemtobeinslowmotion?That'sbecausewhensomethingisafirst,therearemanyexcitingthingstoremember.Recallingthesememoriesmakesyoufeelliketheytookforever.Formanyadults,lifeisroutine.Whentheylookback,theymightfeelliketherearenotmanynovelthingstoremember. 20 Childrenmightsaythatayearlastsforever.Differentpeoplehavedifferentfeelingstowardtime.Therefore,timeseemstobemovingfastertothem.Aswegrowolder,webecomelessinterestedinnewthings.Thismakesthemfeellikeasingledaylastsforalongtime.Accordingtoscientists,ourbrainsdegradeandchangeovertime.Inaddition,peoplemayalsofeeltimedifferentlyduetopsychologicalreasons.第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)IliveinaruralcommunityintheUnitedStates.Aruralareaisdifferentfromacitybecausethereare___21___people.Myhomeisdeepinavalley___22___bymountainsthatarerockyandcoveredintrees.___23___manyfarmsarelocatedinruralareasbecausetheyrequirelargeplotsoflandtogrowfoodor___24___farmanimals,inmycommunitythemountainsand___25___soilmakeitdifficulttofarm.Thisisone___26___whyfewpeopleliveinmyarea.What’sitliketoliveinthemountains?Sincewehavealotof___27___,wegettohavehorsesandchickens.Myfamily___28___eggsfromthechickensforbreakfast.Wealsoloseelectricityalotbecausethetreesfallonpowerlineswheneverthere’sa___29___Inmycommunity,peoplekeepbattery-poweredflashlightsandoillampsstoredincasethelights___30___.Somepeoplealsouseagenerator--amachinethatgenerateselectricityfromgasoline—wheneverthereare___31___Goingtoschoolinaruralareameanshavingfewerclassmatesand___32___longerdistances.Togettomyhighschool,Imustdrivefortymilestothe___33___city.ThismeansImustgetupmuchearlierthanmy34classmatesinordertobeontime.Theroadsinmycommunityaren'tpavedwithasphalt（瀝青）either,soduringstormsthey35becometoomuddyorsnowytopass.Incitiesasnowplow（掃雪機(jī)） 36quickly,butareaswherefewerpeoplelivearen’tthepriority（優(yōu)先），sodayscanpassbeforeasnowplow___37___theroad.SometimesImustmissschoolbecausestormsmakeit 38 todrive.Iamnotsure 39 ifIwanttoliveinthecountryorinthecitywhenIgrowup.Ilikebeinginnature,hearingthecreekandthebirds,andhavingabigyard.Ialsolikebeinginthecity,though,whereIcangohowlingorskating,orseemyfriends.Itcanget 40 inthecountry,althoughIdolovebeingaroundouranimals.21.A.fewB.manyC.fewerD.more22.A.surroundedB.hiddenC.shadowedD.enriched23.A.WhenB.WhileC.BecauseD.If24.A.feedB.growC.trainD.house25.A.richB.muddyC.rockD.snowy26.A.explanationB.causeC.excuseD.reason27.A.spaceB.roomC.placeD.land28.A.laysB.harvestsC.buysD.picks29.A.stormB.thunderC.lightingD.shower30.A.putoutB.wearoutC.runoutD.goout31.A.dangersB.risksC.emergenciesD.incidents32.A.walkingB.runningC.drivingD.traveling33.A.nearbyB.distantC.nearestD.farthest34.A.ruralB.cityC.oldD.new35.A.canB.mayC.mustD.should36.A.comesbyB.comesaboutC.comesto D.comesout37.A.cleansB.digsC.clearsD.covers38.A.likelyB.necessaryC.improperD.impossible39.A.stillB.yetC.evenD.as40.A.quietB.lonelyC.aloneD.busy第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式AcreativepersonwithoutasenseofhumorhasaseriousproblemAphysicist,doctor,accountant,lawyer,garbagecollector,etc.withoutasenseofhumorcanstillbeterrificatwhattheydo.Butacreativeperson 41. ishumorlesscouldneverproduceconsistentlygreatworkincommunicationwithwarmthandhumanitytothevastmajorityofthepeople.Humorin 42. (creative)islikehumorinlife.Peopleoftenaskme,“Doeshumorworkinadvertising?”butthat’sastupidquestion.Doesanyone43.ask,“Doeshumorworkinlife?”Ifhumorisappropriateandfunny,itshould“work.”Thequestionshouldbe,“Howcanyou___44.___(possible)createwithouthumor?”Certainly,inallformsofcommunication,humorisa 45. (nature)waytowin 46. (someone)heart.Inexaminingmywork,lectures,andbooksIhavewrittenovertheyears,it’sdifficulttoisolate“humor”asacategorybecauseit 47. （run）throughalmosteverythingIdo—andthroughmostofmy 48. （wake）hours.Humordisarmsandmakesonemoreacceptingof 49. （thought）andimagesthatcouldbehardtotakeinseriousdiscourse.Saysomethingseriousinafunnyway, 50. youcanwinoverpeopleeverytime.第四部分寫(xiě)作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)（滿分10分）.假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫(xiě)的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)“回”，并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用“\”劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一次;只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。Youbeingsleeplessnessforalongtime,I’msosorrytohearthatandwantedtohelpyouout.Personally,I’dliketoadviseyoutoturntotraditionalChinesemedicine.Asisknowntousall,traditionalChinesemedicineispracticalbuteffectivewhenusingtotreatcertaindiseases.Comparedwiththehighcostofwesternmedicine,ithasareasonableprice,soyoudon’tneedtobeworriedyourbudget.Additional,unlikewesternmedicine,Chinesemedicinehasmoresideeffects.Therefore,mystrongrecommendationisthatIcanfindadoctorforyou,withhishelpyouwilltakeaspeedyrecovery.Pleasedon’thesitatetoaskmeforhelpwheneverdoyouthinkit’snecessary.第二節(jié)書(shū)面表達(dá)（滿分25分）.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Twomen,bothseriouslyill,occupiedthesamehospitalroom.OnemancalledBenwasallowedtositupinhisbedforanhoureachafternoontohelpdrainthefluidfromhislungs.Hisbedwasnexttotheroom'sonlywindow.Theotherman,Leo,hadtospendallhistimeflatonhisback.Thementalkedforhoursonend.Theyspokeoftheir