2021-2022學(xué)年河南省焦作市溫縣第一高級(jí)中學(xué)高三（下）開(kāi)學(xué)英語(yǔ)試卷（附答案詳解）

2021-2022學(xué)年河南省焦作市溫縣第一高級(jí)中學(xué)高三（下）

開(kāi)學(xué)英語(yǔ)試卷

一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共30.0分）

A

Someannualfestivalscomeoutofreligiousceremoniesorculturalevents,whileotherscome

aboutbecauseofmarketingexperimentsorboredom.Herearesomefestivalsthatmightmake

youscratchyourhead.

WifeCarryingWorldChampionship—Sonkajarvi,Finland

WifecarryingstartedasasportinSonkajarvi,Finland,in1992.Participantsareaskedtocarry

theirwivesinavarietyofwaysacrossa253.5-metertrackfullofobstacles,fromfencesto

waterpools.Theprizeisawardedbasedonthewife'sweightinbeer.

InternationalHairFreezingContest—Whitehorse,Yukon,Canada

InternationalHairFreezingContestisafunwintercelebrationthatoccurseveryFebruary

outsideattheTakhiniHotPools.Participantsinthecontestputtheirheadsinthehotwaterof

thepoolsandthencreatefrostyhairstylesbyshapingtheirhairasitfreezesinthecoldair

above.Temperaturesintheareacanreachbelow-30℃atthetimeofthecontest.Winners

receiveasmallcashprize.

UnderwaterMusicFestival—LooeKeyReef,Florida,USA

HeldintheFloridaKeysinAmerica*sonlylivingcoralbarrierreef（珊瑚礁）,thefestivalhas

beenrunningfor31years.Alocalradiostationsponsorstheeventtopromotecoralprotection

andresponsiblediving,andtheyplaytheirsea-themedmusicunderwaterthroughspeakers

hungunderboatssituatedabovethereef.Participantsareencouragedtowearcostumesandplay

"underwaterinstruments"tocompeteforprizes.

BoryeongMudFestival—Boryeong,SouthKorea

ThisannualfestivaloccursinJulyinthevillageofBoryeong.ltwasoriginallycreatedasan

outdoormarketingeventforBoryeongmudcosmetics（化妝品）,Themudthereisrichin

naturalmineralsandisusedtomakebeautyproducts.Thefestivalispopularwithlocalsand

touristsalike.Notablefestivitiesincludeamudpool,mudslides,mudprisonandmudskiing.

1.Peopleconcernedabouttheenvironmentwillmostprobablyfocusonthefestivalheldin

A.SonkajiirviB.WhitehorseC.FloridaD.Boryeong

2.Inwhichfestivalcan'ttheparticipantcompetealone?

A.BoryeongMudFestival.

B.UnderwaterMusicFestival.

C.InternationalHairFreezingContest.

D.WifeCarryingWorldChampionship.

3.Whatdothefourfestivalshaveincommon?

A.Theyallstartedasfunsports.

B.Theyareallheldintheopenair.

C.Theyalloffercashtoprize-winners.

D.Theyareallheldinthesameseason.

B

Doyouknowtheproverb“nopains,nogains"?Itgivestheimpressionthatweoughttobe

sufferingwhilewestudy.ltseemsthattheonlywaytoknowifwe'reputtinginenoughworkis

howmuchhardshipwebear.Wearetotallytakenupwithstudy,shuttingourselvesawayfora

bigexam.Isthatnecessarilytrue?

Whenwehaven'ttakenthetimetocomeupwithanotheridea,wejustshutourselvesinaroom

withabook.It'snosurprisethatwefindrevisionboringanddifficult.Justaschildrenlearnfrom

playing,wecanlearnfromdoing,oratleastfromstudytechniquesthatinterestus,ratherthan

makeusswitchoff.Shuttingourselvesawaycanmakeuslearntohatestudying,leadingtoa

situationwhere,insteadofbeingabletoconcentrateonourwork,wearetroubledbyhowunfair

itisthatwemuststudy.Thiscanbepartofavicious（惡性的）cyclethattrapsusinto

ineffectiverevision,orpoorprogressfuelingfurtherannoyance.

Thankfully,workinginthecompanyofotherpeoplereallyhelpsfightagainstthat.Wejustneed

tolearnhowtodealwithdistractions（分心）.It'snotnecessarytoavoidallcompanyjustlazy

company.Theyconstantlytrytokeepothersinconversation.Whilestudyinginthesameroom

withsomeonewhoisironingorworkingoutisperfectlypossible.Ofcourse,it'salsoagoodidea

toavoidthecompanyofpeopleinvolvedinactivitieswhereyouwouldratherbeplayingthan

studying.Workingwhilesittingnexttosomeoneplayingvideogamesismostlikelytoend

withanewhighscoreingamesralherthanproductiverevision.

第2頁(yè)，共22頁(yè)

Ifbeingaroundothersmeansworkinginanoisyenvironment,apairofheadphonesandsome

backgroundmusiccanblockoutnoises.Theyalsoactasapsychologicalburner,sothatpeople

thinktwicebeforeinterruptingyou.Besides,weshouldknowfriendsandfamilycanlessen

feelingsofisolation.Andconnectingwithotherpeoplemakesushappy,soit'simportantnotto

givethatupandtomakesurethatwetakethetimetosocialise.

4.Whatistheauthor'spurposeofwritingthetext?

A.Tointroduceaneffectivestudyingmeans.

B.Toencourageustoworkashardaspossible.

C.Toremindustobalanceactivitiesandstudy.

D.Todiscusstheimportanceoffamilycompany.

5.Whatcanwelearnfromthesecondparagraph?

A.Goodideasareneededintermsofprogress.

B.Waysthatinterestuscanleadtoeffectiverevision.

C.Shuttingourselvesawaycanhelpconcentrateonwork.

D.Revisionisinterestingandeasywithstudytechniquesforcertain.

6.WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph3imply?

A.Oneshouldlearnfromcertainactivitiesthatinterestus.

B.Playingvideogamesishelpfulforeffectivestudy.

C.Oneshouldn'tstudywiththecompanyofavideoplayer.

D.Themoretimeonespendsinplayinggames,thehighertestscoresonewillget.

7.Whathadyoubelterdoifyouarestudyinginanoisyenvironment?

A.Giveupothers1companyatonce.

B.Thinktwicebeforetakinganyaction.

C.Giveindicationofnotwantingtobeinten-upted.

D.Forceyourselftobeaccustomedtotheenvironment.

c

Nobodywantstosnackonplasticbagsorsodarings,butaccordingtoarecentstudyfromthe

UniversityofNewcastle,wecouldbeconsumingroughlyacreditcard'sworthofplasticevery

week.

Microplastic,whicharelessthanaquarter-inchsizeandcomeinvariousshapes,havepolluted

thenaturalworldandinfiltrated（滲入）ourbodies.Thefirstcluetomicroplasticexposurein

humanscamearound2013,whenscientistsdiscoveredplasticparticlesinseafoodpreparedfor

consumption.Butin2019,whentheUniversityofNewcastlestudywaspublished,thescientific

communityunderstoodthattheproblemwasconsiderablybroader.Microplasticsshedoff

clothesandtiresandhavebeenfoundinbeer,honey,tablesaltandotherfooditems.Webreathe

inplasticstayingintheairanddrinkplasticfloatinginourdrinks.It'snostretchtoconcludethat

ourexposureissignificant.Whatwedon'tknowiswhatthismeansforus.

Theamountofevidencecollectedonthissubjectisgrowingrapidly,accordingtoScottCoffin,a

toxicologist（毒理學(xué)家）.Studiesdoneonmiceandratshavefoundthatplasticintheirbodies

canseverelydamagecellsandcausestress.

Becausemicroplasticsaretoosmalltocleanup,theonlysolutionistostopplasticwasteatthe

source.Anddoingsowouldtakeathoroughadjustment,giventhatplasticsaredeeply

embeddedinoureconomyandlifestyle.Stoppingusingthemwouldfundamentallyaffect

countlessindustries,includingtextiles（紡織業(yè)）,transportationandmanufacturing.

"Ithinkweneedtohavemorestudiescomingoutthataredirectlyrelatedtohumanhealth

beforeweseealotmoreconcernfromthegeneralpublic,'*Scottsaid."Ittakesalottoconvince

peoplethatsomethingthatisreallyconvenientforthemtouseissomethingtheyshould

sacrifice."

Thequestionofmicroplasticsandhumanhealthneedsmoreattention-fromthescientific

community,thegeneralpublic,thegovernmentandfundinggroups.Theissueisn'tbeing

ignored,butit'snotbeingprioritizedeither.

8.Whatdoesthesecondparagraphmainlytellusaboutmicroplastics?

A.Theirwideusageindailylife.

B.Theirharmtohumanhealth.

C.Theirsignificantexposureinhumans.

D.Thenewstudyconductedonthem.

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart"thissubject0referto?

A.Thewaythatmicroplasticsexist.

B.Thepollutioncausedbymicroplastics.

C.Therelationshipbetweenmicroplasticsandhumanhealth.

D.Thereasonfortheexistenceofmicroplastics.

10.HowtosolvetheproblemaccordingtoScott?

第4頁(yè)，共22頁(yè)

A.Tocutdownplasticproduction.

B.Tocarryoutmorestudiesonmiceandrats.

C.Toinventsomethingmoreconvenientthanplastics.

D.Topromotepeople'sawarenessontheharmbroughtbymicroplastics.

11.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthepassage?

A.IsMicroplasticpollutionharmfultoourhealth?

B.WhyisMicroplasticpollutioneverywhere?

C.Whyisplasticharmful?

D.WhatdoyouknowaboutMicroplastics?

D

WhennightfallsintheNetherlands,lightsdanceacrossafarmandcreateadreamy

landscape.Here,inafieldinspiredbybeautyandequippedwithphotobiology,artmeetswith

agriculture.Yet,thereismorethanwhatmeetstheeye；theseglowinglightsalsoprovidehigher

productionandmoresustainablecrops.

ThismagicalfieldispartofaprojectcalledGROWandwascreatedbyDutchdesignerDaan

Roosegaarde.Livinginthecity,hehadadesiretoconnectpeopletothesource（源頭）oftheir

foodinaninspiringway."Howcanwemakethefarmerthehero?Webarelyknowwhereour

foodcomesfrom,'*Roosegaardesaidinthevideodescribingtheproject.

Hisvisionwastocombinescienceandart,andinsodoing,createabetterworld.Desiringto

offertheworldlightindarktimes,hesettoworkina5-acrefieldofleeks（韭蔥）.Heusedhis

owndesignconceptalongsideartists,ateamofdesigners,andexpertsattheWageningen

University.

Usingthescienceofphotobiology,thegroupdiscoveredthatcertainmixesofred,blue,and

ultravioletlightsaccelerateplantgrowth.TheteamthenputLEDsindifferentplacesacrossthe

field.Theselightsmoveupanddowninordertoensurethelightisevenlydistributedacrossthe

area.Andwhentheselightsmoveatnight,theyseemtodance,creatingapoeticdreamscape.

"It'sveryfuturisticandalsoveryromantic,inaway,"Roosegaardesaid.

Asidefrombeingbeautifulandpromotinggrowth,theteamobservedthatduetothese

lights,theyneededtouse50percentlesspesticides（殺蟲(chóng)劑）onthecrop.Thisisbecausethis

specificrecipeoflightsactivatedthedefensesystemoftheplants.Andasitworksonall

crops,notjustleeks,Roosegaardeforeseesawaytoreducetheuseofpesticidesonmanyother

plants.Andhisprojectwillsoonbetouring40countries,andsendingitsdancinglightsacross

theworld.

12.WhatmessagedoesDaanRoosegaardetrytoconveyinhisvideo?

A.Ifsimportanttoknowthesourceoffood.

B.Peoplelivingincitiesdesiretosavefood.

C.It'seasytotrackwherefoodcomesfrom.

D.Farmersareconsideredasheroesbythepublic.

13.WhatdidDaanRoosegaardedoforhisproject?

A.Heinventedlow-costpesticides.

B.Hecameupwiththedesignconcept.

C.Helearneddancingskillsinacollege.

D.Hebought5acresofleeksfromfarmers.

14.Whyarelesspesticidesneededonthecropwiththelightsalongside?

A.Thelightsmakeitmoreresistanttopests.

B.Thelightskilloffmostofthepestsonit.

C.Thelightsaretoobrightforpeststotolerate.

D.Thelightsareequippedwithadefensesystem.

15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.DancingLights-aWidespreadSceneintheField

B.MagicalFieldsMakePlantsBeautifulintheLight

C.PlantsintheNetherlands-GreatDancersatNight

D.ArtMixedwithScienceImprovesCropProduction

二、閱讀七選五(本大題共5小題，共10.0分)

Socialeventscanbefrighteningforawomanbecausetheyusuallyinvolvehugecrowds.Some

managetobecomethelifeofthepartylikeanatural.(1).Fortunately.therearewaysthatcan

helpyoubecomethecentreofattentionduringanyevent.

(2).Peoplealwaystrytolooktheirbestatsocialgatherings.Therefore,youshouldspendtime

dealingwithyourhairandfacebeforehand.Besides,abeautifulandcomfortabledresswillhelp

improveyourconfidenceaheadoftheparty.Forevents,ladiesmustalwayspreferheelstoflats.

Beingthelifeofthepartymeansyouhavetoturnheadsassoonasyouentertheroom.(3),

youshouldcarryyourselfwithconfidence.Startwalkinglikeabeautyqueenandposelikea

第6頁(yè)，共22頁(yè)

modelwhenyoureachthehall.Withagrandentrance,you'llbeintheconversationsoftheparty

guests.

Keepyourselfactiveattheparty.Don'tsitinacornerandwaitforpeopletotalktoyou.(4),

youshouldacknowledgethemwithsmilesorhugs.Don'tletthethoughtofbecomingthelifeof

thepartypullyouawayfromhavingafuntimewithyourfriends.

Therewillbefriendlystrangerslookingtostartaconversationwithyouduringtheparty.If

someoneapproachesyouwithkindintentions,youmayactinreturnfortheireffort.Gettingto

knowotherpeopleinsocialeventswillhelpimproveyourconfidence.(5).

Somepeopleturnouttobethecentreofattention,eveniftheydon'tfollowthestepsabove.The

importantthingisthatyou'rehavingfun,whichisbetterthanbecomingthelifeoftheparty.

A.Picktheperfectdressforaparty

B.Whenyourecognisesomeoneinsidetheparty

C.Whenyouarewithinstepsawayfromthefrontdoor

0.Beforeyougotoaparty,takeyourtimeinpreparation

E.Whenyoudecidetodosomethingfunandeye-catching

F.However,becautiousofstrangerswhoaretooaggressive

G.Alotofpeopleendupmakingafoolofthemselves,though

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

三、完形填空(本大題共20小題，共30.0分)

Ineverforgetthesingleactofkindnessthatchangedmylifeover25yearsago.Duringa

vacationtrip,Ineededtofindmy⑵)totheGreyhoundbusstation,some30milesaway.Being

a(22)student,!hadlittlemoneytogetthere.

1(23)tocallvarioustaxisandshuttleservicesbuttheywerealltoo(24)ortoofarawaytopick

meup.Then,!gotonepersononthe(25)whomanagedtomakeoutthatIneededaridetothe

Greyhoundstationbutonlyhadlimitedfinancial(26)andheagreedtotransportme!Hecameto

pickmeupabout45minutes(27).ThedriverwasoldandIremember(28)whytheshuttle

didn'thaveameter(計(jì)時(shí)器)buthisIDwasthereandIcouldseethiswashis(29).Thedriver

wassokind.HeknewIwas(30)sohedistractedmewithstoriesandgood(31).HesaidI

lookedlikehisgranddaughter.

Atonepoint,Iaskedhimwhyhe(32)solittletoothers.Then,hepatientlyexplainedthathe

was(33)retiredandhadn'tremovedhisnumberfromthephonebookbutwhenIcalled,clearly

upset,hefelt(34)tohelp.Thismandroveanhouroutofhiswaytohelpapersonhedidn*tknow

forafeethatonly(35)hisgas.Becauseofhis(36),Iknewthingsweregoingtobeokay.This

man'skindnesswarmsmyhearteverytimeIthinkofhim.(37),Ididn'tgethisnameandhis

facehas(38)graduallyfrommymemorybutheisonmymindoftenandIwishIcouldthank

him(39)."ThankyouMr.AngelShuttle-Man!!hopeyourgranddaughterknowswhata(n)(40)

grandfathershehas!"

21.A.wayB.entranceC.connectionD.access

22.A.wealthyB.luckyC.poorD.talented

23.A.forgotB.managedC.agreedD.failed

24.A.valuableB.specialC.reasonableD.expensive

25.A.paperB.emailC.phoneD.Internet

26.A.difficultiesB.supportC.marketD.system

27.A.beforeB.earlierC.laterD.after

28.A.wonderingB.doubtingC.admiringD.knowing

29.A.fieldB.functionC.dutyD.business

30.A.upsetB.excitedC.hurtD.crazy

31.A.speechB.conversationC.introductionD.connection

32.A.spentB.demandedC.offeredD.charged

33.A.actuallyB.easilyC.certainlyD.clearly

34.A.disturbedB.drivenC.troubledD.permitted

35.A.providedB.includedC.involvedD.covered

36.A.courageB.honestyC.kindnessD.patience

第8頁(yè)，共22頁(yè)

37.A.UnfortunatelyB.ThankfullyC.SurprisinglyD.Delightedly

38.A.abandonedB.disappearedC.existedD.fixed

39.A.secretlyB.inparticularC.privatelyD.inperson

40.A.ordinaryB.strangeC.wonderfulD.brave

四、語(yǔ)法填空(本大題共1小題，共15.0分)

41.LakeHillierisasaltwaterlakeontheedgeofMiddleIsland,alargeislandoffthesouth

coastofWesternAustralia.Itispinkincolor,due(1)aplantthatcausesthesalt⑵

(produce)aredcolor.There*salongstripofland(3)separatesthelakefromthe

ocean.Itwasfirstwrittenaboutin1802,whenMatthewFlindershikedoneoftheisland

*shighest(4)(mountain).HenamedthelakeafterWilliamHillier,an(5)(explore)

whohadpreviouslyvisitedMiddleIsland.In1889,EdwardAndrewsmovedtothe

islandwithhistwosons.Theybegantominethelakeforsalt,andsoonotherminers

came.

However,theminingwas(6)(eventual)stopped,asthesaltwasn*tfittoeatoruse

in

otherproductsbecauseitwas⑺(poison).In2002,thelakewasrecognizedas(8)

wetland,andin2012,itbecamea(9)(protect)area.Awalkingtrail(10)(build)

arounditfortouriststouse.Eventhoughthelakecontainsalotofsalt,itisstillsafeto

swimin.

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

五、短文改錯(cuò)（本大題共I小題，共10.0分）

42.假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文

中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪

除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（A）,并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。

修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：（1）每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

（2）只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。

Ihaveasummervacationeveryyear.Butlastyear'swasmostspecialforme.

Myparentsmademejoinedasummercamp.Ihadthechancetotakepartinsuchmany

activitiesbutIevendiscoveredmytalentforpainting.Idrawahorseonemorning.

Unexpectedly,afterseethepainting,thecampteacherMr.Zhangspokehighlyofthem

andencouragedmetokeeponpainting.HesaidthataslongasIinsisted,therewouldbea

greatlyharvest.Iwasencouragedbyhisword.Afterthecollegeentranceexaminationin

thisyear,IplantousethesummervacationtocontinuetolearnChinesepainting.

六、書(shū)面表達(dá)（本大題共1小題，共25.0分）

43.假定你是新華中學(xué)的李華，上周日你不慎把書(shū)包遺失在操場(chǎng)上，里面有學(xué)生證、課

本、錢包等物品，你校外教Mr.Smith撿到后上交給學(xué)校。請(qǐng)你用英語(yǔ)給他寫封感

謝信。

注意：

1.詞數(shù)100左右；

2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；

3.信的開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已為你寫好，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。

參考詞匯：學(xué)生證：student'sIDcard失物招領(lǐng)處：LostandFound

DearMr.Smith,

Yours,

LiHua

第10頁(yè)，共22頁(yè)

答案和解析

1~3.【答案】C、D、B

【解析】（DC.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)UnderwaterMusicFestival部分的“Alocalradiostation

sponsorstheeventtopromotecoralprotectionandresponsiblediving（由本地電臺(tái)贊助，推

廣保護(hù)珊瑚及負(fù)責(zé)任的潛水活動(dòng)。）”可知，關(guān)心環(huán)境的游客最有可能會(huì)關(guān)注在美國(guó)佛

羅里達(dá)舉行的水下音樂(lè)節(jié)。故選C。

（2）D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WifeCarryingWorldChampionship部分的"Participantsareasked

tocarrytheirwivesinavarietyofwaysacrossa253.5-metertrackfullofobstacles,fromfences

towaterpools.（參賽者被要求以各種方式背著自己的妻子穿越253.5米的跑道，跑道上

布滿了從柵欄到水池等各種障礙。）”可知，參賽選手不能獨(dú)自一人參加在芬蘭舉行的

背老婆世界錦標(biāo)賽。故選D。

（3）B.推理判斷題。根據(jù)WifeCarryingWorldChampionship—Sonkajarvi,Finland部

分的"Participantsareaskedtocarrytheirwivesinavarietyofwaysacrossa253.5-metertrack

fullofobstacles,fromfencestowaterpools.（參賽者被要求以各種方式背著自己的妻子穿

越253.5米的跑道，跑道上布滿了從柵欄到水池等各種障礙。）'\InternationalHairFreezing

Contest—Whitehorse,Yukon,Canada部分的"InternationalHairFreezingContestisafun

wintercelebrationthatoccurseveryFebruaryoutsideattheTakhiniHotPools（國(guó)際凍發(fā)大

賽是一項(xiàng)有趣的冬季慶祝活動(dòng)，每年二月在Takhini溫泉池外面舉行。）"、Underwater

MusicFestival—LooeKeyReef,Florida,USA部分的"Participantsareencouragedtowear

costumesandplay"underwaterinstruments"tocompeteforprizes.（參賽者可穿著戲服及演

奏“水下樂(lè)器”來(lái)角逐獎(jiǎng)品。）”以及BoryeongMudFestival—Boryeong,SouthKorea部分

的"ItwasoriginallycreatedasanoutdoormarketingeventforBoryeongmudcosmetics.（該

活動(dòng)原本是為保寧泥漿化妝品的戶外營(yíng)銷活動(dòng)而策劃的。）”可推知，這四個(gè)節(jié)日的活

動(dòng)都是在戶外舉行的。故選B。

本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了世界上四個(gè)非同尋常的節(jié)日的相關(guān)信息。

閱讀理解題測(cè)試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯

關(guān)系，對(duì)未說(shuō)明的趨勢(shì)或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對(duì)文章

未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋?？忌紫纫屑?xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作

者觀點(diǎn)。

4~7.【答案】A、B、C、C

【解析】（1）A.推理判斷題。通讀全文，根據(jù)第一段中"Doyouknowtheproverb'no

pain,nogain'?（你知道，一分耕耘，一分收獲‘這句諺語(yǔ)嗎？）"和"Isthatnecessarilytrue?

（這是真的嗎？）"以及第二段中"Justaschildrenlearnfromplaying,wecanlearnfrom

doing,oratleastfromstudytechniquesthatinterestus,ratherthanmakeusswitchoff.（就像

孩子們從玩耍中學(xué)習(xí)一樣，我們可以從行動(dòng)中學(xué)習(xí)，或者至少?gòu)奈覀兏信d趣的學(xué)習(xí)技巧

中學(xué)習(xí)，而不是讓我們感到厭煩。）“可知，作者對(duì)諺語(yǔ)"n。pain,nogain”進(jìn)行了質(zhì)疑，

并認(rèn)為積極的話語(yǔ)和積極的行為會(huì)給人們帶來(lái)積極的影響，從而產(chǎn)生良好的學(xué)習(xí)效果。

所以本文作者寫作目的是要介紹有效的學(xué)習(xí)方法。故選A項(xiàng)。

（2）B.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中"Justaschildrenlearnfromplaying,wecanlearnfrom

doing,oratleastfromstudytechniquesthatinterestus,ralherthanmakeusswitchoff.（就像

孩子們從玩耍中學(xué)習(xí)一樣，我們可以從行動(dòng)中學(xué)習(xí)，或者至少?gòu)奈覀兏信d趣的學(xué)習(xí)技巧

中學(xué)習(xí)，而不是讓我們感到厭煩。）“可以推知，讓我們感興趣的方法可以導(dǎo)致有效的

復(fù)習(xí)。故選B項(xiàng)。

（3）C.詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句的上句"Ofcourse,it'salsoagoodideatoavoidthe

companyofpeopleinvolvedinactivitieswhereyouwouldratherbeplayingthanstudying.（當(dāng)

然，避免和你喜歡玩而不是學(xué)習(xí)的人在一起也是一個(gè)好主意。）"說(shuō)明學(xué)習(xí)的時(shí)候，不

應(yīng)該和喜歡一起玩兒而不喜歡一起學(xué)習(xí)的人在一起學(xué)習(xí)，從而推斷出本段最后一句"

Workingwhilesittingnexttosomeoneplayingvideogamesismostlikelytoendwithanew

highscoreofgamesratherthanproductiverevision.（坐在玩電子游戲的人旁邊工作很可能

會(huì)讓你獲得更高的游戲分?jǐn)?shù)，而不是進(jìn)行有效的復(fù)習(xí)?！背薪由衔?，意為"一個(gè)人不應(yīng)該

在電子游戲玩家的陪伴下學(xué)習(xí)。）”故選C項(xiàng)。

（4）C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第一段中"Ifbeingaroundothersmeansworkinginanoisy

environment.apairofheadphonesandsomebackgroundmusiccanblockoutnoises.Theyalso

actasapsychologicalbarrier,sothatpeoplethinktwicebeforeinterruptingyou.（如果和其他

人在一起意味著在嘈雜的環(huán)境中工作，那么一副耳機(jī)和一些背景音樂(lè)可以屏蔽噪音。它

們也是一種心理障礙，讓（別的）人們?cè)诖驍嗄阒叭级笮?。）“可以推知，在?/p>

雜的環(huán)境中，我們應(yīng)該給出不希望被打斷的暗示。故選C項(xiàng)。

這是一篇議論文。文章對(duì)諺語(yǔ)”n。pain,nogain（一分耕耘，一分收獲）”提出質(zhì)疑，并認(rèn)

為積極的話語(yǔ)和積極的行為會(huì)給人們帶來(lái)積極的影響，從而產(chǎn)生良好的學(xué)習(xí)效果

做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找

第12頁(yè)，共22頁(yè)

出相關(guān)語(yǔ)句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。切忌胡亂猜測(cè)，一定要做到有理有

據(jù)。

8?11.【答案】C、C、D、A

【解析】（1）C.段落大意題。根據(jù)第二段的主要內(nèi)容,尤其“Microplasticsshedoffclothes

andtiresandhavebeenfoundinbeer,honey,tablesaltandotherfooditems.Webreathein

plasticstayingintheairanddrinkplasticfloatinginourdrinks.lt*snostretchtoconcludethat

ourexposureissignificant.

（微塑料會(huì)從衣服和輪胎上脫落，在啤酒、蜂蜜、食鹽和其他食品中也有發(fā)現(xiàn)。我們吸

入停留在空氣中的塑料，飲用漂浮在飲料中的塑料。毫不夸張地說(shuō)，我們已經(jīng)巨大地暴

露在了微塑料中。）”可知，本段主要介紹了微塑料已經(jīng)大量出現(xiàn)在人們的生活中。故

選C。

（2）C.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段末的"Whatwedon'tknowiswhatthismeansforus.（我

們不知道這對(duì)我們意味著什么。）"以及第三段的"Studiesdoneonmiceandratshavefound

thatplasticintheirbodiescanseverelydamagecellsandcausestress.

（對(duì)小鼠和大鼠進(jìn)行的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，它們體內(nèi)的塑料會(huì)嚴(yán)重?fù)p傷細(xì)胞并造成壓力。）“可

知，為了找到微塑料對(duì)人體健康的危害的證據(jù)，科學(xué)家在老鼠身上進(jìn)行了研究。由此推

知，thissubject指的是“微塑料與人類健康的關(guān)系"。A.Thewaythatmicroplasticsexist.微

塑料的存在方式。B.Thepollutioncausedbymicroplastics.微塑料造成的污染。

C.Therelationshipbetweenmicroplasticsandhumanhealth.微塑料與人類健康之間的關(guān)系。

D.Thereasonfortheexistenceofmicroplastics.微塑料存在的原因。故選Co

（3）D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段"Ithinkweneedtohavemorestudiescomingoutthat

aredirectlyrelatedtohumanhealthbeforeweseealotmoreconcernfromthegeneralpublic,"

Scottsaid.nIttakesalottoconvincepeoplethatsomethingthatisreallyconvenientforthemto

useissomethingtheyshouldsacrifice."

（斯科特說(shuō)：“我認(rèn)為，在我們看到公眾更多的擔(dān)憂之前，我們需要有更多與人類健康

直接相關(guān)的研究問(wèn)世?！币屓藗兿嘈牛嬲奖闼麄兪褂玫臇|西是他們應(yīng)該犧牲的東

西，這需要付出很多?？赏浦?，Scott認(rèn)為解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題的方法是提高人們對(duì)微塑料

危害的認(rèn)識(shí)。故選D。

（4）A.標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)文章主要內(nèi)容,第二段末的"Whatwedon'tknowiswhatthis

meansforus.（我們不知道這對(duì)我們意味著什么。）"和第三段"Theamountofevidence

collectedonthissubjectisgrowingrapidly,accordingtoScottCoffin,atoxicologist

（毒理學(xué)家）.Studiesdoneonmiceandratshavefoundthatplasticintheirbodiescanseverely

damagecellsandcausestress.（毒理學(xué)家Scott

Coffin說(shuō)，在這個(gè)問(wèn)題上收集的證據(jù)數(shù)量正在迅速增長(zhǎng)。對(duì)小鼠和大鼠進(jìn)行的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),

它們體內(nèi)的塑料會(huì)嚴(yán)重?fù)p傷細(xì)胞并造成壓力。）"可知，文章主要介紹微塑料已經(jīng)大量

出現(xiàn)在我們的日常生活中，但是否會(huì)對(duì)我們的健康造成影響，還需要進(jìn)一步的研究。故

A.IsMicroplasticpollutionharmfultoourhealth?（微塑料污染對(duì)我們的健康有害嗎？）

可以作為本文最佳標(biāo)題。故選A。

本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了微塑料已經(jīng)大量出現(xiàn)在我們的日常生活中，但是否

會(huì)對(duì)我們的健康造成影響，還需要進(jìn)一步的研究。文章呼吁人們更多的關(guān)注微塑料的污

染。

做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找

出相關(guān)語(yǔ)句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。切忌胡亂猜測(cè)，一定要做到有理有

據(jù)。

12~15.【答案】A、B、A、D

【解析】（1）A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的"Livinginthecity,hehadadesireto

connectpeopletothesource（源頭）oftheirfoodinaninspiringway."Howcanwemakethe

farmerthehero?Webarelyknowwhereourfoodcomesfrom,"（住在城市里，他渴望以一

種鼓舞人心的方式將人們與食物的來(lái)源聯(lián)系起來(lái)。"我們?cè)鯓硬拍茏屴r(nóng)民成為英雄呢？”

我們兒乎不知道我們的食物來(lái)自哪里?？芍珼aan認(rèn)為了解食物的來(lái)源很重要。故

選Ao

（2）B.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段中的"Heusedhisowndesignconceptalongside

artists,ateamofdesigners,andexpertsattheWageningenUniversity.（他和藝術(shù)家、一組設(shè)

計(jì)師以及瓦赫寧根大學(xué)的專家一起使用了自己的設(shè)計(jì)理念。）“可知，Daan在進(jìn)行該項(xiàng)

目時(shí)提出了自己的設(shè)計(jì)理念。故選B。

（3）A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中的"...duetotheselights,theyneededtouse50

percentlesspesticides（殺蟲(chóng)劑）onthecrop.Thisisbecausethisspecificrecipeoflights

activatedthedefensesystemoftheplants.（由于這些光照，他們需要在作物上少使用50%

的殺蟲(chóng)劑。這是因?yàn)檫@種特殊的光的配方激活了植物的防御系統(tǒng)。）"可知，燈光激活

了植物的自我防御系統(tǒng)使得植物更