狀語從句教學(xué)案

英語高考專題復(fù)習(xí)講與練13狀語從句一、考點(diǎn)聚焦1、時(shí)間狀語從句（1）as、when、while用法一覽表。類別作用例句asas表示“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”，往往和when/while通用，但它著重強(qiáng)調(diào)主句與從句的動(dòng)作或事情同時(shí)或幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生。ShecameupasIwascooking.(同時(shí))Therunnersstartedasthegunwentoff.(幾乎同時(shí))when(atorduringthetimethat)既可以表示在某一點(diǎn)的時(shí)候，又可表示在某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)，主句與從句的動(dòng)作或事情可以同時(shí)發(fā)生也可以先后發(fā)生。Itwasrainingwhenwearrived.(指時(shí)間點(diǎn))Whenwewereatschool,wewenttothelibraryeveryday.(在一段時(shí)間內(nèi))whilewhile意思是“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”或“在某一段時(shí)間里”。主句中的動(dòng)作或事情在從句中的動(dòng)作或事情的進(jìn)展過程中發(fā)生，從句中的動(dòng)詞一般要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。在when表示aperiodoftime時(shí)，兩者可以互換。Pleasedon’ttalksoloudwhileothersareworking.Hefellasleepwhile/whenreading.Strikewhiletheironishot.(用as或when不可，這里的while意思是“趁……”)（2）引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句的連接詞除上述外還有：①till,not…until…,until,before,sinceDon’tgetoffthebusuntilithasstopped.Hewaitedforhisfatheruntil(till)itwastwelveo’clock.before的有關(guān)句型Itwillbe+段時(shí)間+before+從句（一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)）“要過…..才”ItwillbefiveyearsbeforehereturnsfromEngland.Itwon’tbelongbefore+從句（一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)） “不久…就會(huì)”Itwon’tbelongbeforeherecoversfromtheinjury.Itwas3yearsbeforeheregainedthelovefromhisparents.Itwasn’tlongbeforethewholenationroseuptodrivetheenemyoutoftheircountry.HerangoffbeforeIcouldanswerit.②hardly/scarcely…when,nosooner…than,assoonasonce表示“一……就”AssoonasIhavefinishedit,I’llgiveyuacall.Onceyoushowanyfear,hewillattackyou.Wehadhardlygot/Hardlyhadwegotintothecountrywhenitbegantorain.Nosoonerhadhearrived/Hehadnosoonerarrivedthanshestartedcomplaining.③directly,immediately,themoment,theminutethat…一……就Hemadeforthedoordirectlyheheardtheknock.④eachtime,everytime,nexttime,anytime,bythetimeEachtimehecametomycity,hewouldcallonme.=5\*GB3⑤theday,thetime,thefirst(second,third…)time,thespring(summer,autumn,winter)Hismotherdiedthespringhereturned.注意：表示未來情況，主句用將來時(shí)，從句用現(xiàn)在時(shí)。在時(shí)間和條件從句中，主句是一般將來時(shí)，從句通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示一般將來或者用現(xiàn)在完成表示將來完成。 .We’llgooutingifitdoesn’traintomorrow. I’llwritetoyouassoonasIgettoShanghai. Don’tgetoffthebusuntilthebushasstopped.2、讓步狀語從句（1）although與though可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，不能與but連用，但可以與yet連用。Althoughtheyarepoor,(yet)theyarewarm-hearted.（2）evenif或eventhough引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，表示“即使”，“縱然”，用來使人注意下文所強(qiáng)調(diào)內(nèi)容的性質(zhì)。I’llgetthereevenif(though)Ihavetosellmyhousetogetenoughmoneytogobyair.（3）nomatter后接上who、what、where、how等疑問詞，也可以在這類疑問詞后面加上ever構(gòu)成whoever、whatever、wherever、however等。Don’ttrusthim,nomatterwhat/whateverhesays.Whoeverbreaksthelawwillbepublished.Nomatterhowhardtheworkis,you’dbettertrytodoitwell.（4）as也可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。要用倒裝。Childas(though)heis,heknowsalot.MuchasIlikeit,Iwon’tbuy.Tryashewould,hecouldn’tlifttheheavybox.（5）whether…..or（無論……….與否）無論他是否愿意參與這次活動(dòng),我們也要堅(jiān)持直到成功.__________________________________________________________________________3、原因狀語從句：because,for,as,since,nowthat（1）表示不知道的原因時(shí)用because,即說話人認(rèn)為聽話人不知道，因此because從句是全句最重要的部分，通常它被置于主句之后。YouwanttoknowwhyI’mleaving?I’mleavingbecauseI’mfull.for雖然表示不知道的原因，但其語氣較because要弱得多，是可說可不說的話，它只能置于主句之后，這時(shí)，for是并列連詞。如果不是因果關(guān)系，而是對(duì)前面主句的內(nèi)容加以解釋或推斷時(shí)，只能用for。如：It’smorningnow,forthebirdsaresinging.（很顯然，鳥叫不可能是“現(xiàn)在已是早上”的原因。）（2）表示已經(jīng)知道的原因時(shí)用as或since,即某種原因在說話人看來已經(jīng)很明顯，或已為聽話人所熟悉，因此它是句中不很重要的部分。since要比as正式一些，它們通常被置于語句之前，但有時(shí)卻相反。Seeingallofthechildrenalreadyseated,hesaid,“Sinceeveryoneishere,let’sstart.”(3)下列情況下只能使用because:①在回答why的問句時(shí)；②在用于強(qiáng)調(diào)句型時(shí)；③被not所否定時(shí)。4、地點(diǎn)狀語從句：where,whereverMakeamarkwhereveryouhaveanyquestions.WewillgowherethePartydirectsus.5、目的狀語從句：so,that,sothat,inorderthat,incase（以防，以免）等.注意：目的狀語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞常與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用，否則可能是結(jié)果狀語從句。不可置于句首。ShehasboughtthebookinorderthatshecouldfollowtheTVlessons.Heleftearlyincaseheshouldmissthetrain.6、結(jié)果狀語從句：that,sothat,so…that,such…that…注意：so+形容詞/副詞+that從句；such+名詞+that從句。7、方式狀語從句：as,asif(though)I’lldoasIamtoldto.Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.8、比較狀語從句：than,as,themore…themore9、條件狀語從句：if,unless,so(as)longas,incase,once,asfaras,onconditionthat,.注意if與unless的區(qū)別：不能用and連接兩個(gè)unless從句，即不能有…unless…,andunless…。但if…notandif…not卻不受此限。Youwon’tloseyourweightunlessyoueatlessandunlessyouexercisemore.(×)Youwon’tloseyourweightunlessyoueatlessandexercisemore.(√)If(heis)notintheoffice,hemustbeoutforlunch. Youmayborrowthebooksolongasyoukeepitclean. SofarasIknow（據(jù)我所知）,hewillbeawayforthreemonths. Youcangoswimmingonconditionthatyoudon’tgotoofarawayfromtheriverbank. Ifhehadcomeafewminutesearlier,hecouldhaveseenher.10、注意狀語從句中從句的省略現(xiàn)象（1）連接詞+過去分詞Don’tspeakuntilspokento.Pressurecanbeincreasedwhenneeded.Unlessrepaired,thewashingmachineisnouse.（2）連詞+現(xiàn)在分詞Lookoutwhilecrossingthestreet.（3）連詞+形容詞/其他常見的有itnecessary、ifpossible、whennecessary、ifany等。二、精典名題導(dǎo)解選擇填空1.Idon’tthinkI’llneedanymoneybutI’llbringsome____________.(NMET2000)lastcaseagaintime解析：答案為B。句意為“帶些錢以防萬一”，只能選擇incase。引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句，后面省略了Ishouldneedit。2.TheWTOcan’tliveuptoitsname_________itdoesn’tincludeacountrythatishometoonefifthofmankind.（NMET2000）longasthough解析：答案為C。本題考查狀語從句的用法。句意為“假如世貿(mào)組織不包括占世界人口五分之一的中國的話，那它就名不副實(shí)”。aslongas語氣過于強(qiáng)烈，while和eventhough不符合句意。3、Someonecalledmeupinthemiddleofthenight,buttheyhungup_________Icouldanswerthephone.(NMET2000)A.asB.sinceC.beforeD.until解析：答案為C。題意為：半夜里有人打來電話，我沒來得及回他就掛了。but暗示在接話前就掛了。狀語從句1．，Motherwillwaitforhimtohavedinnertogether．A．However1ateisheB．HoweverheislateC．HoweverishelateD．Howeverlateheis2．Goandgetyourcoat．Itisyouleftit．A．thereB．whereC．therewhereD．wherethere3．Iwon’tforgiveherunlessshe．A．WillapologizeB．a(chǎn)pologizedC．wouldapologizeD．a(chǎn)pologizes4．Whydoyouwantanewjobyou’vegotsuchagoodonealready?A．thatB．whereC．whichD．when5．IfyougotoXi’an，you’1lfindthepalacestheremoremagnificentthancommonly．A．supposingB．supposedC．tosupposeD．suppose6．Althoughheisconsideredagreatwriter，．A．hisworksarenotwidelyreadB．buthisworksarenotwidelyreadC．howeverhisworksarenotwidelyreadD．stillhisworksarenotwidelyread7．Whenyoureadthebook，you’dbettermakeamarkyouhaveanyquestions.A．a(chǎn)twhichB．a(chǎn)twhereC．theplacewhereD．where8．thedayswenton，theweathergotworse．A．WithB．SinceC．WhileD．As9．yougo，behonestandmodest．A．Wherever；doB．Wherever；mustC．Where；doD．Where；should10．，itwasfinishedontime．A．AswastheworkdifficultB．DifficultaswastheworkC．DifficultastheworkwasD．Astheworkwasdifficult11．everybodyishere，let’sbeginourmeeting．A．WhenB．ForC．BecauseD．Since12．Itwashewasillthathewasabsentyesterday．A．nowthatB．sinceC．a(chǎn)sD．because13．Putthemedicineyoucaneasilygetit．A．sothatB．whereC．whichD．there14．Theearthgoesaroundthesunthemoongoesaroundearth．A．sothatB．justlikeC．a(chǎn)showD．justas15．NosoonerfinishedmyworkthebosscomeA．hadI；whenB．Ihad；whenC．hadI；thanD．Ihad；when16．richonemaybe，thereisalwayssomethingonewants．A．WhateverB．WheneverC．HoweverD．Wherever17．—Whatwasthepartylike?—Wonderful．It’yearsIenjoyedmyselfsomuch．A．a(chǎn)fterB．beforeC．whenD．since18．MotherwasworriedbecauselittleAlicewasill．EspeciallyfatherwasawayinFrance．A．a(chǎn)sB．thatC．duringD．if19．Wewon’tgiveupweshouldfail10times．A．evenifB．sinceC．whetherD．unti120．Pleaseletmeknowyouhaveanymoreinformation．A．themomentB．unlessC．a(chǎn)sfarasD．until21．JackandJimhadtowaittwomoreweeksthemanagercameback．A．beforeB．untilC．unlessD．when22．Pleaseputbackthebooksyoutookthem．A．whereB．inwhichC．whichD．there23．youhavementionedit，I’llremembertolookafteryourdogwhenyougotraveling．A．BeforeB．IfC．NowthatD．Until24．—Whatareyougoingt