2022年高考英語二輪培優(yōu)復(fù)習(xí)熱點(diǎn)話題重點(diǎn)練主題4落實(shí)立德樹人

主題4落實(shí)立德樹人情景一積極的人生觀、價值觀I?閱讀理解A[2021?長春市高三質(zhì)量預(yù)測]CHARITYHONORSSON'SMEMORYNonprofitprovidinggiftsto18to39yearsoldisraisingmemoryByPAMKRAOENRAMONA,Calif.一Beforehediedftomcanceratage29,SilasRiverBennettspenthisfinalmonthstakingphotographsoftheworldaroundhim,emailingfriends,buyinggiftsforhissistersandencouraginghisfamilytogivethingstotheneedy.“Whatwasimportanttohimwastohaveasenseofhimselfoutsideofcancer，”saidhismom,LorraineKerzofRamona.Bennettwenttothehospitalinfall2007withseverebackpains.Hewasdiagnosedwithstage4lungcancerthathadspreadtohisbones.Doctorsbelievedthecancerwasenvironmentallycaused,perhapsbyexposuretosomepoisonousgasinthebasementwherehelivedorpoisonsinthepaintsheusedasapainter.Kerzsaidhersonwasamanwithagreatsenseofhumorandaverycreativemind.Hehadan“electricintellect”wholoveddebatingandwatchingJeopardy!一agameshowonTVandtellingstorieswithhisphotographs.AfterBennettdiedinMay2008,Kerzwantedtohonorthecreativespiritandgenerosityofherson,whosenicknamewas“Sy”.TheresultwasSy'sFund,aRamonabasedallvolunteernationalnonprofitthathasfulfilledthewishesofmorethan250peopleaged18to39whoarebattlingcancer.Sy'sFundprovidesthemwithsmallgifts一suchaslaptops,cameras,guitarlessons,orprinters一tolifttheirspiritsandrefocustheirenergiesinapositivedirection.Thegroupraisesmoneythroughthreefundraiserseachyear,suchasgolftournamentsand5Kraces.ThisyearbecauseoftheCOVID19,they'retryingavirtualfundraiserforthefirsttime.Afterregisteringonline,participantsmustdownloadthe“Let'sRoam”apptotheirphonestodonate.Forthosewhowanttoapplyforawishgrant,visitsysfund,org.Theorganizationisalsoseekingmorevolunteermembers.Fordetails,emailKerzatlorraine@.1．WhydidKerzfoundSy'sFund?A．Becauseshewantedtohonorherson.B．Becauseshewantedtogetridofcancer.C．Becauseshewantedtomakehersonfamous.D．Becauseshewantedtogainmoreprofit.2．WhatcanwelearnaboutSy?A．Hiscancerwascausedbypoisonouspaints.B．Hespenthisfinalmonthspreparingforthefund.C．Hewasenergeticandlivedashortbutcolorfullife.D．Hediedmorethanoneyearafterhewasdiagnosedwithcancer.3．HowdoesSy'sFundhelptheneedy?A．Bysellingsomethingstocancerpatientsatalowprice.B．Byseekingmorevolunteerstotellstories.C．Byaskingparticipantstodownloadanapptothephones.D．Byprovidingallpatientswithsmallgifts.4．Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A．Anewspaper.B．Aguidebook.C．Anannouncement.D．Adiary.B[2021?泰安市高考全真模擬]AliceisasenioratSunsetHighSchool(SHS)inAmerica.Thekidsinherschoolarelookingforwardtoseniorgraduationandsummervacation.Andtheystilldesiretoliveasignificantlife:doingsomethingworthwhileandmakingadifference.Alice,seniorclasspresident,decidestotakeactionbyorganizingafooddrive.Shealsodecidestoreachouttothecommunityintheneighborhoodforsupport.Shewrote,“Hi!MynameisAliceandI'masenioratSunset!TheSHSstudentgovernmentishostingadriveandcollectingthecannedandboxedfoodforneedyfamilies.Iknowmanystudentsintheslum(貧民窟)arenotabletoaccessregularmealswithoutschool.Onehundredpercentofeverythingdonatedwillgotofamiliesinneed.Soitwouldbeamazingifanybodycoulddonateanyextrafoodandlayitaroundthehouse.Iwouldbesohappytocomebyandpickupanyextrafoodthatanyonehasandjustletmeknow！”Sofar,thecommunityhasmadesome400donations,andAlicehaspickedupeachone.They'releftinbrownpaperbagsaroundtheirhouses,andshehandlesthemwiththelatestgloves.It'sallpackagedfood,andthepackagingiscleanedwithdisinfectedwipes.Alongwiththerestofthestudentunion,whichbrainstormedtheidealastweek,Aliceissettingupdistributioncenterstodispensethefoodinthecitysofamiliescangetwhattheyneed.“Inthecommunity,I'veseensomanypeopleofferingtheirhelp,andI'vepickedupsomanydonationsfromcommunityresidents，”Alicesaid.“It'snicetoseepeoplesupportingeachother.Ithinkit'sreallygoodthatwe'rebeingmorecautious,especiallywithinthecommunity.”Everyindividualisawareofhowtotakecareofthemselves,theirfamilyandothersaroundthem.Theyjoinhandstomakeabigdifferenceindeed.Witheveryone'sefforts,thedonationworkgoesoneasilyandsmoothlyandmanypoorfamilieshavegothelp.5．WhatdoweknowaboutthestudentsatSHSinthetext?A．They'reeagerforameaningfullife.B．They'vehelpedtobuildacommunity.C．They'vegraduatedfromseniorhighschool.D．They'reforcedtodosomethingworthwhile.6．WhydidAliceorganizethefooddrive?A．Togaingreaterpopularity.B．Togetfoodforfamiliesinneed.C．TosetuptheSHSstudentunion.D．Todonatefoodtothestudentsinherschool.7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dispense”inParagraph4probablymean?Recycle.B．Handout.C．Gain.D．Chewup.8．Whatcanbeconcludedfromthelastparagraph?A．Eastorwest,homeisbest.B．It'sgoodtolearnatanotherman'scost.C．Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.D．Manyhandsmakelightwork.II?完形填空[2021?福建省高三診斷性練習(xí)]WhenLeahwas10,shesawaneedforchangeintheworld.“Peoplearesupposedtoshow1andsympathy,"shesays.“Butthatwasn'thappening."Leahdecidedto2herhandmadebracelets（手鐲）atalocaleventandaskedeachpersonwhogotonetodoakinddeedforsomeoneelse.Anote__3—toeachbraceletsaid“Let'sjustshowotherpeopletheyare__4__."AsLeahgaveoutbracelets,5spread.Shebegantoreceivebraceletrequestsworldwide,andtohearfrompeoplewho'ddeliveredkinddeeds.Oneperson6atiredstoreclerkwithsandwiches.Anotherpaidforastranger'scoffee.“Astorythat__7__touchedmyheartwasthatsomeoneestablishedahomelesscamp!"shesays.WhenLeahcouldn't8requestsforthebracelets,shebegansellingwristbands（腕帶）with“KindnessTravels"ontheoutsideand“kind"ontheinsidein__9__languages.Sofar,shehassentout10,000wristbands.Shehas」0__apartyforkidsatahomelessshelter,paidrentforhurricane11__andmore,usingthemoneyfromwristbands__12__anddonations.Leahhopesto__13=otherkidswhowanttohelpothers.“Justcomeupwithideas!Neverbe__14_，'‘shesays.“Ageisjusta15__.Youalwayshavethepowertodosomething."1．A.pleasureB．patienceC．loveD．curiosity2．A.pickupB．putawayC．showoffD．handout3．A.comparedB．a(chǎn)ttachedC．openedD．connected4．A.ignoredB．infectedC．valuedD．engaged5．A.wordB．passionC．a(chǎn)nxietyD．happiness6．A.botheredB．surprisedC．upsetD．embarrassed7．A.genuinelyB．hardlyC．slightlyD．relatively8．A.denyB．a(chǎn)dvanceC．meetD．delay9．A.nativeB．complexC．naturalD．different10．A.attendedB．organizedC．canceledD．postponed11．A.victimsB．researchersC．reportersD．observers12．A.salesB．fundsC．designsD．a(chǎn)dvertisements13．A.respectB．contactC．recommendD．encourage14．14．A.meanB．scaredC．contentD．proud15．15．A.gapB．problemC．C．numberD．barrier情景二正確的學(xué)習(xí)觀、教育觀I?閱讀理解A[2021?日照市高三二模]Tylerattendedmyclassforasemester.Hehadangermanagementissues.Hehadbeensuspendedmanytimesinpreviousyears.Whenheenteredmyclassinhissenioryear,Iassumedtheworst.Inmyclass,ifTylergotananswerwrong,hewouldbecomeangry.Aboutamonthintotheyear,IwasstilltryingtoconnectwithTyler.Icanusuallygetstudentsinvolvedinclassdiscussionsoratleastmotivatethemtositquietlyandattentively.Bycontrast,Tylerwasjustloudandunpleasant.Oneday,TylerwastalkingwhileIwasteaching.Inthemiddleofthelesson,Isaid,“Tyler,whydon'tyoujoinourdiscussioninsteadofhavingoneofyourown？”Withthat,hegotupfromhischair,pusheditover,andyelledsomethingrude.IreferredTylertotheheadmasterandhereceivedaweek'soutofschoolsuspension.TheweekTylerwasoutofschoolwaswonderfulbutthesuspensionweeksooncametoanend.OnthedayofTyler'sreturn,Istoodatthedoorwaitingforhim.AssoonasIsawhim,IaskedTylertotalktomeforamoment.Heseemedunhappytodoitbutagreed.ItoldhimthatIwantedtostartoverwithhim.Ialsotoldhimthatifhefeltlikehewasgoingtolosecontrolinclass,hehadmypermissiontostepoutsidethedoorforamomenttocollecthimself.Fromthatpointon,Tylerwasachangedstudent.Helistenedandheparticipated.Hewasasmartstudent,somethingIcouldfinallywitnessinhim.Heevenstoppedafightbetweentwootherstudentsoneday.Attheendoftheyear,Tylerwrotemeathankyounoteabouthowgoodtheyearhadbeenforhim.TodayIstillfindittouchingtorereadwhenIgetstressedaboutteaching.Thisexperiencechangedmeasateacher.Icametounderstandthatstudentsarepeoplewhohavefeelingsandwhodon'twanttofeelcornered.Theywanttolearnbuttheyalsowanttofeelasiftheyhavesomecontroloverthemselves.Inevermadeassumptionsagainaboutstudentsbeforetheycameintomyclass.Everystudentisdifferent;notwostudentsreactinthesameway.1．Whatdidtheauthorassumeatthebeginningoftheschoolyear?A．Hewouldhavetosuspendastudent.B．Hewouldwitnessfightsbetweenstudents.C．Hewouldhavetroubledealingwithastudent.D．Hewouldbeunabletomotivatethestudents.2．WhywasTylerpunished?A．Hedestroyedachair.B．Herefusedtoansweraquestion.C．Hewasunwillingtojoinadiscussion.D．Hebehavedtoorudelytowardtheteacher.3．HowdidtheauthorstartoverwithTyler?A．Byhavinghimtalktotheheadmasterabouthisproblem.Byencouraginghimtoparticipateinclassroomactivities.Bywritingheartfeltnotestohimwhenfeelingdepressed.Byallowinghimtocollecthimselfoutsidetheclassroom.4．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．ADemandingProfessionB．ASuccessfulLearnerC．PreassumptionsaboutTroubledStudentsD．MendingClassroomMisbehaviorB[2021?山東省濰坊市一模]ThePomodorotechniqueisprobablyoneofthemostpowerfultechniquesinalloflearning.Allyouhavetodoissetatimerfor25minutes,andthenjustfocusasattentivelyasyoucanforthose25minutes.Nowifyoustartfocusingonandyou'reworkingon,andthenyoulookupatthetimerandtwominuteshavepassed,youmayfeellikeyoucan'tholdon.Andjustletthethoughtgoby,andreturnyourfocustowhateveryouareworkingon.Andwhenthat25minutesisupyourelaxalittlebit.Youmightwonderwhythat25minutesisthemagicnumber,andtherealityiswedon'treallyknow.There'snotalotofresearchonthePomodorotechnique,whichissurprisingbecauseit'ssoincrediblypopularandpeoplefinditveryuseful.Butthere'saninterestingtidbit（小趣聞）relatedtothePomodorotechnique,andthatisthat:whenyoujustthinkaboutsomethingthatyoudon'tlikeverymuch,itstimulatesapartofthebrainthatexperiencespain.Andsothebrainnaturallyenoughshiftsitsattentiontosomethingelse,likeFacebookorTwitterorsomethinglikethat.AndwhatthePomodorotechniquedoes,whenyoudoityou'resettingthattimer.Youdon'twanttositthereandthink,“I'mgoingtoworkonthisproblemandgetitallfinished.”Youjustwanttothink,“I'vegot25minuteswhereIjusthavetoworkonsomething.”Don'teventhinkaboutwhatthatsomethingis.Whatthatdoesisitslipsinunderyourbrain'sradar（雷達(dá)）.Itdoesn'tstimulatesomuchthatpaininyourbrain;andthenthatpaininthebrain,researchhasshown,lastsfor20minutes.Soifyouworkfor25minutesyouwillsuddenlyfindyourselfgettingintotheflowbecauseyou'vegonepastthatpainfulperiod.SothePomodorotechniqueiseffectiveinmanydifferentaspects.5．WhichisanexampleofusingthePomodorotechnique?A．Readinganovelfor25minutes.B．Spending25minutesscanningWeChat.C．Settingatimerfor25minutestodoatoughtask.D．Attendingalecturefor25minuteswithtwominds.6．WhatcanbeinferredaboutthePomodorotechniquefromParagraph2?A．Thefirsttwominutesisvital.B．25minutesisamagicnumber.C．Moreresearchisaroundthecorner.D．Youmaygetdiscouragedwhenusingit.7．WhyisthetidbitmentionedinParagraph3?A．TofurtherexplainthePomodorotechnique.B．ToarouseinterestinthePomodorotechnique.C．TohighlighthowtousethePomodorotechnique.D．ToprovetheeffectivenessofthePomodorotechnique.8．HowdoesthePomodorotechniquework?A．Itboostsyourconcentration.B．Ithelpsyourmindgofaster.C．Iturgesyoutofinishyourwork.D．Itshortensthepaintimeinyourbrain.II?七選五[2021?河北高三模扌以]Apps(shortforapplications)arebecomingincreasinglypopularnowadays,andwithgoodreason.Theycanhelpyououtinjustabouteveryareaofyourlife,whetherit'skeepingfit,communicatingwithfriends,orevenlearningalanguage.__1__Here'swhatyoushouldthinkaboutbeforedownloadinganappforlanguagelearning.?Learnfromdiversesources(notjustapps)Anyseasonedlanguagelearnerwilltellyouthatthebeautyofmasteringaforeignlanguageistheworldwhichitopensuptoyou.Thisisaworldofdiversesourcesofinformation,fromnewspapersandbookstoTV,radio,musicandevenrealpeople.Wouldyoulimityourselftoonemediuminyournativelanguage?_2__?EstablishyourpurposeandplanyourhabitsDoyouwanttobefluentinweeksorareyouinitforthebraintraining?Thegoodappsaredesignedtohelpyoufityourstudiesaroundyourtimetable.3Theseappsencouragehabitbuilding,becausethesuccessfulformationofahabitensuresyoursafeandregularreturn.?Makeitsocial4Imeansocializinginreallife.IowethespeedofprogressImadeinItaliantothesupportfromJim,mypartnerinstudytime.Findafriendtoaccompanyyou.Takeaneveningclass.Borrowabook.Buyabook.Attendalanguageschool.Justdon'tforgetyourphone!IfImayspeaksincerely,thecombinationofanapp,alanguageschool,Jim,eveningsout,andabookortwoofchoiceprovedextremelyeffective.__5__A．Irecommendit.B．Rememberthatanappisjustatool.C．No,Idon'tmeanpostingyourprogressonline.D．Iencourageyoutouseappsasoftenasyoucan.E．Probablynot,sowhyyoudosoinyournewlanguage?F．Thebestappsadaptthemselvesbaseduponyourbehavior.G.However,youneedtoknowhowtousethemproperlytoreallybenefit.情景三保護(hù)生態(tài)環(huán)境I?閱讀理解A[2021?湖北高三十一校第二次聯(lián)考]Ifyouweretothrow,say,abananapeeloutofyourcarwhiledrivingalongthemotorway,thatwouldbeacompletelyharmlessaction,duetothefactthatit'spartofafruit—right?Actually,no.Abananapeelcantakeuptotwoyearstobenaturallyprocessed,andwithathirdofmotoristsadmittingtolitteringwhiledriving,that'sawholelotofdiscardedbananapeels.Anorangepeelandacigarettebutthaveasimilarbiodegrading(生物降解)termtothatofabananapeel,buttincanslastupto100years;andplasticbottleslastforever,sodoglassbottles.Despitethefactthatlongerlastingmaterialswillservetodamagetheenvironmentanditsanimalsforlonger,wecan'tmerelymeasuretheseverityofacertaintypeofrubbishbyitslifetime.Forexample,despitehavingafairlyshortlengthofbiodegradingtime,morethan120tonsofcigaretterelatedlitterisdiscardedintheUKeveryday.It'snotacheaphabiteither:tokeepourstreetscleanannuallycostsUKtaxpayers￡500million,andwhenyouincludeourgreenspaces,thatgoesupto￡1billion.So,it'snotsurprisingthatifcaughtflytippingyoucouldfacea￡20,000fineorevenjailtimeand,ifyoudisposeofsomethingdangerous,thecourtcouldgiveyoufiveyearstoserve.Regardlessofhowseverethesepunishmentsmightseem,however,amongthereportedcasesonly2，000werefoundguiltyoutof825,000,sowestillhavesomewaytogoinmakingsurepeopleobeytherules.1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“discarded”inPara.1mean?A．Harmless.B．Processed.C．Thrown.D．Longlasting.2．Whichofthefollowinghasthelongestbiodegradingterm?A．Glassbottles.B．Tincans.C．Cigarettebutts.D．Bananapeels.3．Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A．Theseverityofrubbishcanbemeasuredonlybyitslifetime.B．Quiteafewpeoplewerefoundguiltyofillegallylittering.C．EveryyearUKtaxpayersspend￡500millionkeepingstreetsfreeofdirt.D．Cigaretterelatedlitterandpeelscanbeignoredfortheirfairlyshortlifetime.4．Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A．Toinformreadersofdifferentbiodegradingterms.B．Tocallforpeoplenottolitterillegally.C．Toencouragepeopletousefewerplasticbags.D．Tostresstheimportanceofgoodbehavior.B[2021?貴陽市高三適應(yīng)性考試]OnJanuary22nd,2021,Chinasaidithasestablishedanewmonitoringandresearchcenterforgreenhousegasesandcarbonneutrality（碳中和）inordertocontributemoretofightingclimatechange.TheofficialannouncementoftheMonitoringandAssessmentCenterforGHGsandCarbonNeutrality（溫室氣體及碳中和監(jiān)測評估中心）,locatedinBeijing,wasmadebytheChinaMeteorologicalAdministration.Itisexpectedtoplayavitalroleinprovidingbothtechnicalandscientificsupportforresearchers.Thecenterwillgathertopscientistsinthefieldbothathomeandabroad.Apartfromprovidingwaystoachievecarbonneutrality,itwillalsobehelpfultomaketechnologicalbreakthroughsinthenextthreetofiveyears.Thecenteristaskedwithcreatingasystemtoevaluatetheeffectivenessofthecountry'seffortstofightclimatechange.Therecruitment（招募）ofstaffmembersisexpectedtobefinishedinthenexttwomonths.AscientificsteeringcommitteewillalsobestartedinApriltoguidethecenter'soperation.Chinaisdeterminedtomakeitscarbondioxideemissions（排放）peak（達(dá)到峰值）before2030andachievecarbonneutralitybefore2060.OneofthelessonsfromtheCOVID19pandemicisthathumankindmustpursueagreendevelopmentpathandgreenlifestyle.ChinawillloweritscarbondioxideemissionsperunitofGDPbymorethan65percentfromthe2005levelandincreaseitsshareofnonfossilfuelsinprimaryenergyconsumptiontoaround25percent.By2030,Chinawillalsoincreaseitsforeststockby6billioncubicmetersfromthe2005level,andbringitstotalinstalledcapacity（裝機(jī)容量）ofwindandsolarpowertoover1.2billionkilowatts.TheestablishmentofthecenterprovesChina'sdeterminationtopursueagreendevelopmentroad.It'saconcreteactionthatChinahastakentofighttheclimatechallenge.Carbonneutrality,oranetzerocarbonfootprint,meansreachingabalancebetweencarbonemissionsandremovingpollutantsthroughcarbonsinksandotheroffsets（補(bǔ)償）.Chinahasspedupresearchanddevelopmentofequipmenttomonitorgreenhousegasesandcarbonneutralityandachievedencouragingresults.However,thereisstillalongwaytogotoreachthetopworldstandard.5．WhydidChinastarttheCenter?A．Toproducemoregreenhousegases.B．Togathermorescientistsworldwide.C．Tocontributemoretofightingclimatechange.D．Tointroducetopscientistsincarbonneutrality.6．Whenwilltherecruitmentofthestaffprobablyfinish?A．InJanuary.B．InMarch.C．InApril.D．InMay.7．HowsoonwillChinaachievecarbonneutralityaccordingtothepassage?A．Inabout9years.B．Inabout16years.C．Inabout39years.D．Inabout65years.8．Whatdoesthispassagemainlytalkabout?A．China'snewcontributiontoclimatebattle.B．China'scarbondioxideemissionspeaking.C．TheCenter'srecruitingnewmembers.D．Installedcapacityofwindandsolarpower.II?完形填空[2021?湖南高三階段測評三]MelbourneGirls'Collegeisgettingridofalldustbinsandaskingstudentstotaketheirrubbishhometoencouragethemtomovetowardszerowaste.StartingnextMonday,thecollegewillgradually__1__alltherubbishbinsinfiveweeksinclassroomsandtheyard,21，400studentsand140stafftofindtheirownhomeforchippacketsandjuiceboxes.Volunteerstudentswill__3dailynoncompulsoryfoodinspectionsinwhichstudentsbringing“zerowaste"lunchboxeswillbe4.Studentsusingonly___5__packagingwillreceiveatokentowinprizessuchascups.Therubbishthatstudentstakehomemaystillgotolandfill（廢物填埋場）viatheirhomebins,6thenewpolicywillhelppersuade7tobuyfewerpackageditemsandreusecontainers.Mostissuesaroundcarryingrubbishhome,suchassmellandmess,canbesolved.__8一tuna（金槍魚）inatin,forexample,can9theschool'scompost（堆肥）binandthetincanbe10__beforeit'stakenhome.ThecollegeprincipalKarenMoneyacknowledgesthatsomeparentsmaynothavethetimeormeanstoavoid__11_insingleusepackaging,butit's」2_togetasmanypeopleaswecantoavoidit.“Wetalkalot,13educators,aboutthebadproblemstheworld__14,andifwedon'tstartputtingsomeactions__15_thatbeautifulidea,thenit'sjustempty.”1．A.replaceB．washC．cleanD．remove2．A.provingB．leavingC．promisingD．a(chǎn)llowing3．A.receiveB．forbidC．a(chǎn)dmitD．conduct4．A.rewardedB．a(chǎn)dvisedC．changedD．protected5．A.creativeB．usualC．reusableD．plastic6．A.soB．butC．a(chǎn)ndD．though7．A.teachersB．staffC．familiesD．classmates8．A.UneatenB．Uncooked

C．UncoveredD．Unbroken9．A.breakdownB．breakthroughC．getthroughD．gointo10A.returnedB．washedC．reusedD．spared11A.foodB．clothesC．drinksD．tools12A.keepingB．dreamingC．stoppingD．trying13A.forB．toC．a(chǎn)sD．with14．A.solvesB．showsC．facesDC．faces15．15．A.aheadofB．behindC．uponDC．upon情景四探索大自然I?閱讀理解A[2021?福州市質(zhì)量檢測]Canafishbedepressed?ThisquestionhasbeenonmyheadeversinceIspentanightinahotelacrossfromasadlookingfish.Thepleasantwomanatthefrontdeskassuredmethathewaswelltakencareof.WasIincorrectlyassuminghislazinesswasasignofbeingupset?WhenIsoughtanswersfromscientists,Iassumedthattheywouldfindthequestionridiculous,buttheydidnot.Newresearchhasbeentotallyshiftingthewaythatscientiststhinkaboutfishcognition（認(rèn)知）,buildingacasethatpetandownerarenotnearlyasdifferentasmanyassume.Theneurochemistry（神經(jīng)化學(xué)）issosimilarthatit'sscary,saidJulianPittman,aprofessor.Wetendtothinkofthemassimplelivingthings,butthereisalotwedon'tgivefishcreditfor.Dr.Pittmanlikesworkingwithfish,inpartbecausetheyaresoobviousabouttheirdepression.Azebrafishgetsdroppedinanewtank.Ifafterfiveminutesitishangingoutinthelowerhalf,it'sdepressed.Ifit'sswimmingupthetop,thenit'snot.Isdepressiontherightword?There'sanobviousissuethatwecannotaskanimalshowtheyfeel,saysDr.DiegoA.Pizzagalli.Neitherfishnorratscancatchtheentirerangeofdepressionasweknowit.Thereisaheateddebateaboutwhether“anxious”or“depressed”isamoreappropriateterm.ButwhathasconvincedDr.Pittmanandothersoverthepasttenyears,iswatchingthewaythezebrafishloseinterestinjustabouteverything:food,toys,exploration,justlikeclinicallydepressedpeoplewhoarewithdrawn.Thesameistrueoffish.Oneofthethingswe'refindingisthatfisharenaturallycuriousandseeknovelthingsout,saidDr.Braithwaite.Inotherwords,yourgoldfishisprobablybored.Tohelpgetridofdepression,sheurgesintroducingnewobjectstothetankorswitchingthelocationsofitems.1．WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.Fishareconsideredsimplelivingthings.B．Petandownerarealwaysassumedtobethesame.C．Scientistshavelearntalotaboutfishcognition.D．Fishandhumanbeingshavesomethingincommon.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“withdrawn”inParagraph6probablymean?A．Quietandshy.B．Happyandexcited.C．Interestedandcareful.D．Disappointedandsurprised.3．Whycanfishbecomeboredaccordingtothetext?A．Theyneedoxygenfromtheair.B．Theyarenotborntobecurious.C．Theylacknewthingstoexplore.D．Theycan'tlocatethepositionsofitems.4．Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A．FishDepressionIsNotaJokeB．FishCanBeaBoringPetC．FishNeedBetterCareMoreD．FishCognitionDoesNotExistB[2021?甘肅省第二次高考診斷]Whenwhalesdieandsinktotheoceanfloor,theirbodies一knownaswhalefalls—providerichnutrientsforothercreaturesofthedeep.ChinesescientistsfoundawhalefallintheSouthChinaSeaduringarecentscientificresearchvoyage.ItwasthefirsttimethatChineseresearchershadrunacrossthisraretypeofecosystem.Itwasanimportantdiscovery,showingChina'sprogressindeepseaexplorationtechnology,saidXie,aprofessoratSunYatsenUniversity.Duringthe24daydeepseaexplorationfromMarch10toApril2，60scientistsconducted22divesandsuccessfullycompletedanumberofscientifictasks.TheresearchaimedtogatherinformationaboutthekeyprocessoftypicalseamountecosystemsinthewesternPacificOcean.Thewhalefallwasfoundinaseamount1，600metersdeepinthecentralSouthChinaSea.Thoughthewhalefallwasonlyabout3meterslong,itwasofgreatimportanceinunderstandingtheseaecosystems,Xiesaid.Thereweredozensofwhitearmoredshrimps,redshrimpsandseveraleelsfoundnearthewhalefall.Theeelswereeatingthetailmusclesofthewhalefall.Thisshowedthatthewhalediednotlongagoandthatthewhalefallwasstillinthefirststageofdecompositionandthushadrarevalueforlongtermobservation,Xiesaid.Likecoldsprings,whalefallsarehomesforcreaturesofthedeep.InthenorthernPacificOcean,theyhavesupportedthesurvivalofatleast12,490kindsoforganisms一classedin43species一andpromotedprosperityfarbeneaththesurface,accordingtodatafromtheuniversity.5．WhatdoweknowaboutthewhalefallintheSouthChinaSea?A．ItisfoundonMarch10.B．Itisarareseaecosystem.C．Itisakindofcoldspring.D．Itisfound3metersdeepinthesea.6．HowisParagraph3organized?A．Bygivingdata.B．Bygivingexamples.C．Bygivingdefinitions.D．Bymakingacontrast.7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“prosperity”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A．Change.B．Disappearance.C．Richness.D．Tourism.8．Whatdoesthetextmainlytellabout?A．AdeepseaexplorationledbyChina.B．AwhalefallfoundintheSouthChinaSea.C．China'sprogressindeepseaexplorationtechnology.D．TheprotectionofdeepseabiodiversityresourcesinChina.II?語法填空[2021?合肥市高三調(diào)研]Deepbelowtheocean'ssurfaceisamysteriousworldthattakesup95%ofEarth'slivingspace.Butthedeepsearemains1.(large)unexplored.Divedown650feet,2.youwillnoticethatlightstartsfadingrapidly.Thedeeperyoudive,the3.(low)thetemperaturebecomes.At13,000feet,thetemperaturestaysaroundfreezingpoint,andthere'snosunlightatall.Yetthereislife—anastonishing4.(vary)ofcreaturesthatyou'llneverimagine.Youcan'tdivetothedeepoceanonyourown,ofcourse.Butscientistsnowhavelotsofadvancedandcomplicatedtechnologies5.(explore)thisvastfrontier.It'shardtoimaginethatthousandsoffascinatinganimalshaveadaptedtolifeinthis6.(challenge)environment.Manyofthemlookquitestrange.Somehavehugeeyeswhileothersseemtobeallmouth.Theirgapingjaws—oftenfilledwithsharpteeth7.(be)alwaysopen.TheCensusofMarineLifeisaninternationalproject,8.recordsthediversity,distribution,andabundanceoflifeintheocean.Theresearchershavediscoveredmorethan5，000newspeciessofar.Thedataandinformation9.(collect)bytheCensus—30millionrecordsand2，600paperscontributed10.thescientificliterature—willserveasabaselineinthecomingyears.主題4落實(shí)立德樹人情景一積極的人生觀、價值觀I?閱讀理解A語篇類型：新聞報(bào)道主題語境：人與社會——公益活動——慈善機(jī)構(gòu)【文章大意】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道，LorraineKerz為了紀(jì)念兒子，成立了一個慈善機(jī)構(gòu)，幫助需要幫助的人。今年，因?yàn)樾鹿诜窝滓咔閰⑴c者在網(wǎng)上注冊后，必須下載"Let'sRoam”應(yīng)用程序到自己的手機(jī)上才能捐贈。答案與解析：A考查理解具體信息的能力。根據(jù)第二段第六句“AfterBennettdiedinMay2008...whosenicknamewas‘Sy'”可知，Kerz建立Sy'sFund為的是紀(jì)念她兒子的創(chuàng)新精神和慷慨。故選A項(xiàng)。答案與解析：C考查推斷的能力。根據(jù)第一段中的"Beforehediedfromcanceratage29...hisfamilytogivethingstotheneedy”可知，在他生命的最后幾個月里，他拍攝周圍的世界，給朋友發(fā)電子郵件，給姐妹們買禮物，鼓勵家人給窮人物品。所以可以推測，他精力充沛，生命雖短暫卻豐富多彩。故選C項(xiàng)。答案與解析:C考查理解具體信息的能力。根據(jù)最后一段第三句“Afterregisteringonline,participantsmustdownloadthe‘Let'sRoam'apptotheirphonestodonate”可知，在網(wǎng)上注冊后，參與者必須下載"Let'sRoam”應(yīng)用程序到自己的手機(jī)上才能捐贈。故選C項(xiàng)。答案與解析：A考查推斷的能力。根據(jù)文章大標(biāo)題、小標(biāo)題，"ByPAMKRAOEN”以及文章最后一段中的最后三句話可推測本文最有可能選自報(bào)紙。故選A項(xiàng)。語篇類型：記敘文主題語境：人與社會——助人為樂——捐獻(xiàn)食物幫助有需要的人【文章大意】主要講述的是Alice和她的同學(xué)號召社區(qū)的人捐贈食物以幫助有需要的人。答案與解析：A考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段的“Andtheystilldesiretoliveasignificantlife:doingsomethingworthwhileandmakingadifference5可知，他們渴望有意義的生活，故選A項(xiàng)。答案與解析：B考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段的“MynameisAliceandI'masenioratSunset!TheSHSstudentgovernmentishostingadriveandcollectingthecannedandboxedfoodforneedyfamilies"可知，Alice組織食物捐贈活動是為了幫助貧困的家庭，使他們得到食物。7．答案與解析：B考查詞義猜測。結(jié)合語境以及畫線詞所在句中的“Aliceissettingupdistributioncenters”“sofamiliescangetwhattheyneed”可知，Alice建立分發(fā)中心是為了分發(fā)食物，這樣許多家庭就可以得到他們需要的東西，畫線詞與handout"分發(fā)”意思相近，故選B項(xiàng)。8.答案與解析：D考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段的“Theyjoinhandstomakeabigdifferenceindeed.Witheveryone'sefforts,thedonationworkgoesoneasilyandsmoothlyandmanypoorfamilieshavegothelp”可知，在大家的共同努力下，捐贈工作進(jìn)行得輕松順利，許多貧困家庭得到了幫助，即大家一起努力使事情變得容易，故選D項(xiàng)“眾人拾柴火焰髙”。II?完形填空語篇類型：記敘文主題語境：人與自我——人物故事——傳遞善良【文章大意】Leah在10歲時看到世界需要改變。她決定在一場本地活動中分發(fā)手工制作的手鐲，并請求得到手鐲的人為他人做一件好事。后來她開始賣帶有“傳遞善良”字樣的腕帶，并用所得的錢與捐贈物幫助更多的人。另外，她還鼓勵其他想幫助別人的孩子：年齡只是數(shù)字，你總是有能力去做一些事。答案與解析：C考查語境推斷。根據(jù)下文講的Leah分發(fā)手工制作的手鐲，并請求收到手鐲的人為他人做一件好事可知，此處表示人們應(yīng)該表現(xiàn)出愛和同情。故選C項(xiàng)。答案與解析：D考查同義復(fù)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)第三段中的“AsLeahgaveoutbracelets"可知，Leah是在“分發(fā)”手鐲，D項(xiàng)“handout"與“gaveout"均有分發(fā)之意，故選D項(xiàng)。3．答案與解析：B考查語境推斷。根據(jù)語境可知，此處是指在每個手鐲上“貼上”一個便條。故選B項(xiàng)。答案與解析：C考查語境推斷。結(jié)合語境可知，Leah請求得到手鐲的人為他人做一件好事，這是珍視他人的表現(xiàn)。故選C項(xiàng)。答案與解析：A考查語境推斷。根據(jù)空后的“begantoreceivebraceletrequestsworldwide"可知，Leah分發(fā)手鐲時，“消息”傳了出去。word“信息，消息”。答案與解析：B考查語境推斷。根據(jù)空前的“tohearfrompeoplewho'ddeliveredkinddeeds"可知，本句舉例說明別人的善舉：一個人給一個疲憊不堪的店員送三明治令店員“感到意外”。故選B項(xiàng)。7．答案與解析：A考查語境推斷。根據(jù)語境并結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，有人建立了一個無家可歸者的營地讓Leah真正地受到觸動。genuinely“真誠地，真正地”；hardly“幾乎不”；slightly“略微;稍微”；relatively“相對地”。答案與解析：C考查語境推斷。根據(jù)上文可知，Leah開始收到來自全世界的手鐲請求，故此處應(yīng)是當(dāng)她不能“滿足”手鐲請求時，她就開始賣帶有“善心傳遞”字樣的腕帶。答案與解析：D考查語境和常識推斷。根據(jù)上文可知,Leah之前收到了全世界范圍內(nèi)的手鐲請求，所以她腕帶的售賣范圍也應(yīng)是全世界，而根據(jù)常識可知，世界各地使用的語言不同，故D項(xiàng)符合語境。10．答案與解析：B考查語境推斷。根據(jù)語境可知，這個聚會的一部分資金是售賣腕帶所得，所以聚會應(yīng)是由Leah組織的。attend“參加”；organize“組織”；cancel“取消”；postpone“推遲”。答案與解析:A考查語境推斷。根據(jù)語境并結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，她為颶風(fēng)的"受害者”付租金ovictim“受害者，犧牲品”。答案與解析：A考查語境推斷和同義復(fù)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)上文中的'sellingwristbands"可知，此處指使用出售腕帶所得的錢。故選A項(xiàng)。答案與解析：D考查語境推斷。根據(jù)下文Leah說的話可知，她希望“鼓勵”想幫助他人的孩子們。答案與解析：B考查語境推斷。根據(jù)語境可知，Leah是在鼓勵其他孩子們勇于提出想法，傳播善良，故B項(xiàng)符合語境。答案與解析：C考查語境推斷。根據(jù)語境可知，Leah在10歲時就認(rèn)為世界需要改變了，所以她認(rèn)為對想幫助他人的孩子們來說，年齡只是一個數(shù)字，你總有能力去做一些事。故選C項(xiàng)。gap“隔閡；差距；分歧”；barrier“障礙”。情景二正確的學(xué)習(xí)觀、教育觀I?閱讀理解A語篇類型：記敘文主題語境：人與社會——人際關(guān)系——如何管理學(xué)生的不當(dāng)行為【文章大意】Tyler是一個不會管理自己憤怒情緒的學(xué)生。有一天Tyler因?yàn)樵谡n堂上發(fā)脾氣，對自己舉止粗魯而被停課一周。當(dāng)他回到學(xué)校后，作為老師，作者和他進(jìn)行了一次談話，并允許他在情緒不好的時候去門外面一會兒使自己鎮(zhèn)靜。從那以后，Tyler的表現(xiàn)有了很大的改變。答案與解析：C考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“Hehadangermanagementissues.Hehadbeensuspendedmanytimesinpreviousyears.Whenheenteredmyclassinhissenioryear,Iassumedtheworst"可以推斷，作者在學(xué)年開始時認(rèn)為，他在與Tyler打交道的時候會有麻煩，故選C。答案與解析：D考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“Withthat,hegotupfromhischair,pusheditover,andyelledsomethingrude”可知，Tyler之所以受到懲罰是因?yàn)樗麑蠋熍e止粗魯，故D項(xiàng)正確。答案與解析：D考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“Ialsotoldhimthatifhefeltlikehewasgoingtolosecontrolinclass,hehadmypermissiontostepoutsidethedoorforamomenttocollecthimself”可知，作者允許Tyler在課堂上感覺要失去控制的時候去門外面一會兒來使自己鎮(zhèn)靜，故選D。4．答案與解析：D考查標(biāo)題判斷。結(jié)合文章大意可知，本文主要講述了學(xué)年之初，作者的班里來了一名問題學(xué)生，有一天該學(xué)生因?yàn)樵谡n堂上發(fā)脾氣，對自己舉止粗魯而被停課一周，但之后作者與該學(xué)生進(jìn)行溝通并允許學(xué)生在快要失控時去門