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①Many①Manytheoriesconcerningthecausesofjuveniledelinquency(crimescommittedbypeople)focuseitherontheindividualoronsocietyasthemajorcontributing主句：Manytheoriesfocuseitherontheindividualoronsocietyasthemajorcontributingconcerningthecausesofjuveniledelinquencycrimescommittedbyyoungjuvenilea.becausewerebecausewerenotsufficientlypenalizedforprevious childrenengageincriminal引導詞賓語從句theyhavelearnedcriminalbehaviorthroughTheoriescenteringontheindividual②Theoriescenteringontheindividualsuggestthatchildrenengageincriminalbehaviortheywerenotsufficientlypenalizedforpreviousmisdeedsorthattheyhavelearnedbehaviorthroughinteractionwith賓語從句賓語從句②②Theoriescenteringontheindividualsuggestthatchildrenengageincriminalbehaviortheywerenotsufficientlypenalizedforpreviousmisdeedsorthattheyhavelearnedbehaviorthroughinteractionwith主句Theoriescenteringontheindividualcenteron集中于賓語從句1childrenengageincriminalengageintakepartinjoininbeinvolved②②Theoriescenteringontheindividualsuggestthatchildrenengageincriminalbehaviortheywerenotsufficientlypenalizedforpreviousmisdeedsorthattheyhavelearnedbehaviorthroughinteractionwith?賓語從句2orthattheyhavelearnedcriminalbehaviorthroughinteractionwith??because werenotsufficientlypenalizedforprevious引導詞主 謂 原因狀 Theoriescenteringontheindividualsuggest ?強調(diào)個人因素的理論認 賓語從句 theyhavelearnedcriminalbehaviorthrough連接詞引導詞主 謂 賓 ?

childrenengageincriminal引導詞主 謂 賓?③③Theoriesfocusingontheroleofsocietysuggestthatchildrencommitcrimesinresponsetofailuretoriseabovetheirsocioeconomicstatus,orasarejectionofmiddle-class主句Theoriesfocusingontheroleofsocietythatchildrencommitcrimesinresponsetotheirfailuretoriseabovetheirsocioeconomicstatus,orasarejectionofmiddle-classvaluesinresponseto對……作出回應(yīng)?

參考譯文：強調(diào)社會因素的理論則認為，青少年犯罪是因為他們未能①①Mosttheoriesofjuveniledelinquencyhavefocusedonchildrenfromfamilies,ignoringthefactthatchildrenfromwealthyhomesalsocommitMosttheoriesofjuveniledelinquencyhavefocusedonchildrenfromdisadvantagedfamilies現(xiàn)在分詞結(jié)構(gòu)伴隨狀語：ignoringthefact?②The②Thelattermaycommitcrimesforlackofadequateparentalforlackof因缺乏③③Alltheories,however,aretentativeandaresubjecttobesubjectto常遭受①Changes①Changesinthesocialstructuremayindirectlyaffectjuvenilecrime②For②Forexample,changesintheeconomythatleadtofewerjobopportunitiesforyouthrisingunemploymentingeneralmakegainfulemploymentincreasinglydifficultto主句Forexamplechangesintheeconomyingeneralmakegainfulemploymentincreasinglydifficulttoobtain定語從句：thatleadtofewerjobopportunitiesforyouthandrisingunemployment?導致年輕人就業(yè)機會減少和失業(yè)率上升的③The③Theresultingdiscontentmayinturnleadmoreyouthsintocriminaldiscontentninturn轉(zhuǎn)而，反過來turnintoaction付諸行動turnouttobe結(jié)果是①Families①Familieshavealsoexperiencedchangestheseyears.②Morefamiliesconsistofone-householdsortwoworkingparents;consequently,childrenarelikelytohavelessathomethanwascommoninthetraditionalfamilyAconsistofBA由B組成AcompriseBA由B組成AmakeupBA構(gòu)成B的一部分one-parenta.單親的③This③Thislackofparentalsupervisionisthoughttobeaninfluenceonjuvenilecrime④Otheridentifiablecausesofoffensiveactsincludefrustrationorfailureinschool,theavailabilityofdrugsandalcohol,andthegrowingincidenceofchildabuseandchildoffensivea.攻擊的frustrationn.挫折incidencen.發(fā)生率abusen.虐待neglectn⑤All⑤Alltheseconditionstendtoincreasetheprobabilityofachildcommittingaact,althoughadirectcausalrel