C面向?qū)ο蟪绦蛟O(shè)計(jì)上機(jī)考試題庫(kù)

C++面向?qū)ο蟪绦蛟O(shè)計(jì)上機(jī)考試題庫(kù)一、第一類題目(20道，每題7分，在word中保留代碼并將輸出結(jié)果窗口保留)1.定義盒子Box類，要求具有以下成員：長(zhǎng)、寬、高分別為x,y,z,可設(shè)置盒子形狀；可計(jì)算盒子體積；可計(jì)算盒子的表面積。#include<iostream>classBox{private:intx,y,z;intv,s;public:voidint(intx1=0,inty1=0,intz1=0){x=x1;y=y1;z=z1;}voidvolue(){v=x*y*z;}voidarea(){s=2*(x*y+x*z+y*z);}voidshow(){cout<<"x="<<x<<"y="<<y<<"z="<<z<<endl;cout<<"s="<<s<<"v="<<v<<endl;};voidmain(){Boxa;a.init(2,3,4);a.volue();a.area();a.show();}2．有兩個(gè)長(zhǎng)方柱，其長(zhǎng)、寬、高分別為：(1)30，20，10；(2)12，10，20。分別求他們的體積。編一個(gè)基于對(duì)象的程序，在類中用帶參數(shù)的構(gòu)造函數(shù)。#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classBox{public:Box(int,int,int);//帶參數(shù)的構(gòu)造函數(shù)intvolume();private:cout<<"Thevolumeofbox1is"<<box1.volume()<<endl;cout<<"Thevolumeofbox1is"<<box1.volume()<<endl;cout<<"Thevolumeofbox1is"<<box1.volume()<<endl;cout<<"Thevolumeofbox1is"<<box1.volume()<<endl;intlength;intwidth;intheight;};Box::Box(intlen,inth,intw){length=len;height=h;width=w;}//Box::Box(intlen,intw,int,h):length(len),height(h),width(w){}intBox::volume(){return(length*width*height);}intmain(){Boxbox1(30,20,10);Boxbox2(12,10,20);cout<<"Thevolumeofbox2is"<<box2.volume()<<endl;return0;}3．有兩個(gè)長(zhǎng)方柱，其長(zhǎng)、寬、高分別為：(1)12，20，25；(2)10，30，20。分別求他們的體積。編一個(gè)基于對(duì)象的程序，且定義兩個(gè)構(gòu)造函數(shù)，其中一個(gè)有參數(shù)，一個(gè)無(wú)參數(shù)。#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classBox{public:Box();Box(intlen,intw,inth):length(len),width(w),height(h){}intvolume();private:intlength;intwidth;intheight;};intBox::volume(){return(length*width*height);}intmain(){Boxbox1(10,20,25);cout<<"Thevolumeofbox1is"<<box1.volume()<<endl;Boxbox2(10,30,20);cout<<"Thevolumeofbox2is"<<box2.volume()<<endl;return0;}4．聲明一個(gè)類模板，利用它分別實(shí)現(xiàn)兩個(gè)整數(shù)、浮點(diǎn)數(shù)和字符的比較，求出大數(shù)和小數(shù)。#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;cout<<cmp1.min()<<"istheMinimumoftwointedercout<<cmp1.min()<<"istheMinimumoftwointedercout<<cmp1.min()<<"istheMinimumoftwointedercout<<cmp1.min()<<"istheMinimumoftwointedertemplate<classnumtype>//聲明一個(gè)類模板classCompare{public:Compare(numtypea,numtypeb){x=a;y=b;}numtypemax(){return(x>y)?x:y;}numtypemin(){return(x<y)?x:y;}private:numtypex,y;};intmain(){Compare<int>cmp1(3,7);cout<<cmp1.max()<<"istheMaximumoftwointedernumbers."<<endl;numbers."<<endl<<endl;Compare<float>cmp2(45.78,93.6);cout<<cmp2.max()<<"istheMaximumoftwofloatnumbers."<<endl;cout<<cmp2.min()<<"istheMinimumoftwofloatnumbers."<<endl<<endl;Compare<char>cmp3('a','A');cout<<cmp3.max()<<"istheMaximumoftwocharacters."<<endl;cout<<cmp3.min()<<"istheMinimumoftwocharacters."<<endl;return0;}5．建立一個(gè)對(duì)象數(shù)組，內(nèi)放5個(gè)學(xué)生的數(shù)據(jù)(學(xué)號(hào)、成績(jī))，用指針指向數(shù)組首元素，輸出第1，3，5個(gè)學(xué)生的數(shù)據(jù)。初值自擬。#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classStudent{public:Student(intn,doubles):num(n),score(s){}voiddisplay();private:intnum;doublescore;};voidStudent::display(){cout<<num<<""<<score<<endl;}intmain(){Studentstud[5]={Student(101,78.5),Student(102,85.5),Student(103,98.5),Student(104,100.0),Student(105,95.5)};Student*p=stud;for(inti=0;i<=2;p=p+2,i++)p->display();return0;建立一個(gè)對(duì)象數(shù)組，內(nèi)放5個(gè)學(xué)生的數(shù)據(jù)（學(xué)號(hào)、成績(jī)），設(shè)立一個(gè)函數(shù)max，用指向?qū)ο蟮闹羔樧骱瘮?shù)參數(shù)，在max函數(shù)中找出5個(gè)學(xué)生中成績(jī)最高者，并輸出其學(xué)號(hào)。初值自擬。#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classStudent{public:Student(intn,floats):num(n),score(s){}intnum;floatscore;};voidmain(){Studentstud[5]={Student(101,78.5),Student(102,85.5),Student(103,98.5),Student(104,100.0),Student(105,95.5)};voidmax(Student*);Student*p=&stud[0];max(p);}voidmax(Student*arr){floatmax_score=arr[0].score;intk=0;for(inti=1;i<5;i++)if(arr[i].score>max_score){max_score=arr[i].score;k=i;}cout<<arr[k].num<<""<<max_score<<endl;}用new建立一個(gè)動(dòng)態(tài)一維數(shù)組，并初始化int[10]={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10},用指針輸出，最后銷毀數(shù)組所占空間。#include<iostream>#include<string>usingnamespacestd;voidmain(){int*p;p=newint[10];Complex(){real=0;imag=0;}Complex(){real=0;imag=0;}Complex(){real=0;imag=0;}Complex(){real=0;imag=0;}for(inti=1;i<=10;i++){*(p+i-1)=i;cout<<*(p+i-1)<<"";}cout<<endl;delete[]p;return;}定義一個(gè)復(fù)數(shù)類Complex,重載運(yùn)算符“+”，使之能用于復(fù)數(shù)的加法運(yùn)算。將運(yùn)算符函數(shù)重載為非成員、非友元的普通函數(shù)。編寫程序，求兩個(gè)復(fù)數(shù)之和。初值自擬。#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classComplex{public:Complex(doubler,doublei){real=r;imag=i;}Complex(doubler,doublei){real=r;imag=i;}Complex(){real=0;imag=0;}Complex(){real=0;imag=0;}doubleget_real();doubleget_imag();voiddisplay();private:doublereal;doubleimag;};doubleComplex::get_real(){returnreal;}doubleComplex::get_imag(){returnimag;}voidComplex::display(){cout<<"("<<real<<","<<imag<<"i)"<<endl;}Complexoperator+(Complex&c1,Complex&c2)returnComplex(c1.get_real()+c2.get_real(),c1.get_imag()+c2.get_imag());}intmain(){Complexc1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3;c3=c1+c2;cout<<"c3=";c3.display();return0;}定義一個(gè)復(fù)數(shù)類Complex,重載運(yùn)算符“+”，“一”，使之能用于復(fù)數(shù)的加，減運(yùn)算，運(yùn)算符重載函數(shù)作為Complex類的成員函數(shù)。編程序，分別求出兩個(gè)復(fù)數(shù)之和，差。初值自擬。usingnamespacestd;classComplex{public:Complexoperator+(Complex&c2);Complexoperator-(Complex&c2);voiddisplay();private:doublereal;doubleimag;};ComplexComplex::operator+(Complex&c2){Complexc;c.real=real+c2.real;c.imag=imag+c2.imag;returnc;}ComplexComplex::operator-(Complex&c2){Complexc;c.real=real-c2.real;c.imag=imag-c2.imag;returnc;}voidComplex::display(){cout<<"("<<real<<","<<imag<<"i)"<<endl;}intmain(){Complexc1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3;c3=c1+c2;cout<<"c1+c2=";c3.display();c3=c1-c2;cout<<"c1-c2=";c3.display();return0;}定義一個(gè)復(fù)數(shù)類Complex，重載運(yùn)算符“*”，“/”，使之能用于復(fù)數(shù)的乘，除。運(yùn)算符重載函數(shù)作為Complex類的成員函數(shù)。編程序，分別求出兩個(gè)復(fù)數(shù)之積和商。初值自擬。提示：兩復(fù)數(shù)相乘的計(jì)算公式為：(a+bi)*(c+di)=(ac-bd)+(ad+bc)i。兩復(fù)數(shù)相除的計(jì)算公式為：(a+bi)/(c+di)=(ac+bd)/(c*c+d*d)+(bc-ad)/(c*c+d*d)i。#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classComplex{public:Complex(){real=0;imag=0;}Complex(doubler,doublei){real=r;imag=i;}Complexoperator*(Complex&c2);Complexoperator/(Complex&c2);voiddisplay();private:doublereal;doubleimag;};ComplexComplex::operator*(Complex&c2){Complexc;c.real=real*c2.real-imag*c2.imag;c.imag=imag*c2.real+real*c2.imag;returnc;}ComplexComplex::operator/(Complex&c2){Complexc;c.real=(real*c2.real+imag*c2.imag)/(c2.real*c2.real+c2.imag*c2.imag);c.imag=(imag*c2.real-real*c2.imag)/(c2.real*c2.real+c2.imag*c2.imag);returnc;}voidComplex::display(){cout<<"("<<real<<","<<imag<<"i)"<<endl;}intmain(){Complexc1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3;c3=c1*c2;cout<<"c1*c2=";c3.display();c3=c1/c2;voiddisplay();voiddisplay();voiddisplay();voiddisplay();cout<<"c1/c2=";c3.display();return0;}定義一個(gè)復(fù)數(shù)類Complex，重載運(yùn)算符“+”，使之能用于復(fù)數(shù)的加法運(yùn)算。參加運(yùn)算的兩個(gè)運(yùn)算量可以都是類對(duì)象，也可以其中有一個(gè)是整數(shù)，順序任意。例如：c1+c2,i+cl,c1+i均合法(設(shè)i為整數(shù)，cl,c2為復(fù)數(shù))。編程序，分別求兩個(gè)復(fù)數(shù)之和、整數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)之和。初值自擬。#include<iostream.h>classComplex{public:Complex(){real=0;imag=0;}Complex(doubler,doublei){real=r;imag=i;}Complexoperator+(Complex&c2);Complexoperator+(int&i);friendComplexoperator+(int&,Complex&);private:doublereal;doubleimag;};ComplexComplex::operator+(Complex&c){returnComplex(real+c.real,imag+c.imag);}ComplexComplex::operator+(int&i){returnComplex(real+i,imag);}voidComplex::display(){cout<<"("<<real<<","<<imag<<"i)"<<endl;}Complexoperator+(int&i,Complex&c){returnComplex(i+c.real,c.imag);}intmain(){Complexc1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3;inti=5;c3=c1+c2;Matrix();Matrix();Matrix();Matrix();cout<<"c1+c2=";c3.display();c3=i+c1;cout<<"i+c1=";c3.display();c3=c1+i;cout<<"c1+i=";c3.display();return0;}12?有兩個(gè)矩陣a和b,均為2行3列。求兩個(gè)矩陣之和。重載運(yùn)算符“+”，使之能用于矩陣相加。如c=a+b。初值自擬。#include<iostream.h>classMatrix{public:friendMatrixoperator+(Matrix&,Matrix&);a.input();a.input();voidinput();voiddisplay();private:intmat[2][3];};Matrix::Matrix(){for(inti=0;i<2;i++)for(intj=0;j<3;j++)mat[i][j]=0;}Matrixoperator+(Matrix&a,Matrix&b){Matrixc;for(inti=0;i<2;i++)for(intj=0;j<3;j++){c.mat[i][j]=a.mat[i][j]+b.mat[i][j];}returnc;voidMatrix::input(){cout<<"inputvalueofmatrix:"<<endl;for(inti=0;i<2;i++)for(intj=0;j<3;j++)cin>>mat[i][j];}voidMatrix::display(){for(inti=0;i<2;i++){for(intj=0;j<3;j++){cout<<mat[i][j]<<"";}cout<<endl;}}intmain(){Matrixa,b,c;b.input();cout<<endl<<"Matrixa:"<<endl;a.display();cout<<endl<<"Matrixb:"<<endl;b.display();c=a+b;cout<<endl<<"Matrixc=Matrixa+Matrixb:"<<endl;c.display();return0;}13．將運(yùn)算符“＋”重載為適用于復(fù)數(shù)加法，重載函數(shù)不作為成員函數(shù)，而放在類外，作為Complex類的友元函數(shù)。初值自擬。#include<iostream.h>classComplex{public:Complex(){real=0;imag=0;}Complex(doubler){real=r;imag=0;}{Complexc1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3;{Complexc1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3;{Complexc1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3;{Complexc1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3;Complex(doubler,doublei){real=r;imag=i;}friendComplexoperator+(Complex&c1,Complex&c2);voiddisplay();private:doublereal;doubleimag;};Complexoperator+(Complex&c1,Complex&c2){returnComplex(c1.real+c2.real,c1.imag+c2.imag);}voidComplex::display(){cout<<"("<<real<<","<<imag<<"i)"<<endl;}intmain()c3=c1+c2;cout<<endl;cout<<endl;cout<<"c1=";c1.display();cout<<"c2=";c2.display();cout<<"c1+c2=";c3.display();return0;}定義一個(gè)字符串類String，用來(lái)存放不定長(zhǎng)的字符串，重載運(yùn)算符“==”，，用于兩個(gè)字符串的等于比較運(yùn)算。初值自擬。#include<iostream.h>#include<string.h>classString{public:String(){p=NULL;}String(char*str);friendbooloperator==(String&string1,String&string2);voiddisplay();private:char*p;};String::String(char*str){p=str;}voidString::display(){cout<<p;}booloperator==(String&string1,String&string2){if(strcmp(string1.p,string2.p)==0)returntrue;elsereturnfalse;}voidcompare(String&string1,String&string2){if(operator==(string1,string2)==1){string1.display();cout<<"=";string2.display();}intmain(){Stringstring1("Hello"),string2("Hello");compare(string1,string2);return0;}定義一個(gè)字符串類String，用來(lái)存放不定長(zhǎng)的字符串，重載運(yùn)算符〃<〃，用于兩個(gè)字符串的小于的比較運(yùn)算。初值自擬。#include<iostream.h>#include<string.h>classString{public:String(){p=NULL;}String(char*str);friendbooloperator<(String&string1,String&string2);voiddisplay();private:{string1.display();cout<<"<";string2.display();}{string1.display();cout<<"<";string2.display();}{string1.display();cout<<"<";string2.display();}{string1.display();cout<<"<";string2.display();}char*p;};String::String(char*str){p=str;}voidString::display(){cout<<p;}booloperator<(String&string1,String&string2){if(strcmp(string1.p,string2.p)<0)returntrue;elsereturnfalse;}voidcompare(String&string1,String&string2){if(operator<(string1,string2)==1)friendbooloperator>(String&string1,String&string2);friendbooloperator>(String&string1,String&string2);friendbooloperator>(String&string1,String&string2);friendbooloperator>(String&string1,String&string2);cout<<endl;}intmain(){Stringstring1("Book"),string2("Computer");compare(string1,string2);return0;}定義一個(gè)字符串類String，用來(lái)存放不定長(zhǎng)的字符串，重載運(yùn)算符〃>〃，用于兩個(gè)字符串的大于的比較運(yùn)算。初值自擬。#include<iostream.h>#include<string.h>classString{public:String(){p=NULL;}String(char*str);voiddisplay();{if(operator>(string1,string2)==1){if(operator>(string1,string2)==1){if(operator>(string1,string2)==1){if(operator>(string1,string2)==1)private:char*p;};String::String(char*str){p=str;}voidString::display(){cout<<p;}booloperator>(String&string1,String&string2){if(strcmp(string1.p,string2.p)>0)returntrue;elsereturnfalse;}voidcompare(String&string1,String&string2){string1.display();cout<<">";string2.display();}cout<<endl;}intmain(){Stringstring1("Hello"),string2("Book");compare(string1,string2);return0;}定義一個(gè)描述學(xué)生基本情況的類，數(shù)據(jù)成員包括姓名、學(xué)號(hào)、C++成績(jī)、英語(yǔ)和數(shù)學(xué)成績(jī)，成員函數(shù)包括輸出數(shù)據(jù)，求出總成績(jī)和平均成績(jī)。數(shù)據(jù)自擬。#include"string.h"#include<iostream.h>classCStuScore{public:charstrName[12];charstrStuNO[9];voidSetScore(charsname[12],charNO[9],floats0,floats1,floats2)

strcpy(strName,sname);voidstrcpy(strStuNO,NO);fScore[0]=s0;fScore[1]=s1;fScore[2]=s2;}voidprint(){cout<<cout<<"姓名:"<<strName;cout<<"學(xué)號(hào):”<<strStuNO;cout<〈”C++成績(jī):”<<fScore[0]<〈”英語(yǔ)成績(jī)：”<<fScore[l]<〈”數(shù)學(xué)成績(jī):”<<fScore[2]<<endl;}floatGetSUM(){return(float)((fScore[0]+fScore[1]+fScore[2]));}floatGetAverage();private:floatfScore[3];floatfScore[3];};floatCStuScore::GetAverage(){return(float)((fScore[0]+fScore[1]+fScore[2])/3.0);}voidmain(){CStuScoreone;floata,b,c;charName[12];charStuNO[9];cout<<"姓名："；cin>>Name;cout<<"學(xué)號(hào):";cin>>StuNO；cout<<〃成績(jī)1:〃<<〃成績(jī)2："<<"成績(jī)3：〃<<〃\n〃；cin>>a>>b>>c;one.SetScore(Name,StuNO,a,b,c);one.print();floatx,y;floatx,y;floatx,y;floatx,y;cout<<"平均成績(jī)?yōu)?<<one.GetAverage()<<"\n";cout<<"總成績(jī)"<<one.GetSUM()<<"\n";}18?先建立一個(gè)Point(點(diǎn))類，包含數(shù)據(jù)成員x,y(坐標(biāo)點(diǎn))。以它為基類，派生出一個(gè)Circle(圓)類，增加數(shù)據(jù)成員r(半徑)，再以Circle類為直接基類，派生出一個(gè)Cylinder(圓柱體)類，在增加數(shù)據(jù)成員h(高)。編寫程序，重載運(yùn)算符“<<”和“>>”，使之能夠用于輸出以上類對(duì)象。#include<iostream.h>classPoint{public:Point(float=0,float=0);voidsetPoint(float,float);floatgetX()const{returnx;}floatgetY()const{returny;}friendostream&operator<<(ostream&,constPoint&);protected:};protected:protected:protected:protected:Point::Point(floata,floatb){x=a;y=b;}voidPoint::setPoint(floata,floatb){x=a;y=b;}ostream&operator<<(ostream&output,constPoint&p){output<<"["<<p.x<<","<<p.y<<"]"<<endl;returnoutput;}classCircle:publicPoint{public:Circle(floatx=0,floaty=0,floatr=0);voidsetRadius(float);floatgetRadius()const;floatarea()const;friendostream&operator<<(ostream&,constCircle&);floatradius;};Circle::Circle(floata,floatb,floatr):Point(a,b),radius(r){}voidCircle::setRadius(floatr){radius=r;}floatCircle::getRadius()const{returnradius;}floatCircle::area()const{return3.14159*radius*radius;}ostream&operator<<(ostream&output,constCircle&c){output<<"Center=["<<c.x<<","<<c.y<<"],r="<<c.radius<<",area="<<c.area()<<endl;returnoutput;}classCylinder:publicCircle{public:Cylinder(floatx=0,floaty=0,floatr=0,floath=0);voidsetHeight(float);ostream&operator<<(ostream&output,constCylinder&cy)ostream&operator<<(ostream&output,constCylinder&cy)ostream&operator<<(ostream&output,constCylinder&cy)ostream&operator<<(ostream&output,constCylinder&cy)floatgetHeight()const;floatarea()const;floatvolume()const;friendostream&operator<<(ostream&,constCylinder&);protected:floatheight;};Cylinder::Cylinder(floata,floatb,floatr,floath):Circle(a,b,r),height(h){}voidCylinder::setHeight(floath){height=h;}floatCylinder::getHeight()const{returnheight;}floatCylinder::area()const{return2*Circle::area()+2*3.14159*radius*height;}floatCylinder::volume()const{returnCircle::area()*height;}{output<<"Center=["<<cy.x<<","<<cy.y<<"],r="<<cy.radius<<",h="<<cy.height<<"\narea="<<cy.area()<<",volume="<<cy.volume()<<endl;returnoutput;}intmain(){Cylindercy1(3.5,6.4,5.2,10);cout<<"\noriginalcylinder:\nx="<<cy1.getX()<<",y="<<cy1.getY()<<",〃r="<<cy1.getRadius()<<",h="<<cy1.getHeight()<<"\narea="<<cy1.area()<<",volume="<<cy1.volume()<<endl;cy1.setHeight(15);cy1.setRadius(7.5);cy1.setPoint(5,5);cout<<"\nnewcylinder:\n"<<cy1;Point&pRef=cy1;cout<<"\npRefasapoint:"<<pRef;Circle&cRef=cy1;cout<<"\ncRefasaCircle:"<<cRef;return0;}19.寫一個(gè)程序，定義抽象類型Shape，由他派生三個(gè)類：Circle(圓形)，Rectangle(矩形)，Trapezoid(梯形)，用一個(gè)函數(shù)printArea分別輸出三者的面積，3個(gè)圖形的數(shù)據(jù)在定義對(duì)象是給定。#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classShape{public:virtualdoublearea()const=0;};classCircle:publicShape{public:Circle(doubler):radius(r){}virtualdoublearea()const{return3.14159*radius*radius;};protected:protected:protected:doubleradius;};classRectangle:publicShape{public:Rectangle(doublew,doubleh):width(w),height(h){}virtualdoublearea()const{returnwidth*height;}protected:doublewidth,height;};classTrapezoid:publicShape{public:Trapezoid(doublew,doubleh,doublelen):width(w),height(h),length(len){}virtualdoublearea()const{return0.5*height*(width+length);}doublewidth,height,length;};voidprintArea(constShape&s){cout<<s.area()<<endl;}intmain(){Circlecircle(12.6);cout<<"areaofcircle=";printArea(circle);Rectanglerectangle(4.5,8.4);cout<<"areaofrectangle=";printArea(rectangle);Trapezoidtrapezoid(4.5,8.4,8.0);cout<<"areaoftrapezoid=";printArea(trapezoid);return0;20.定義一個(gè)人員類Cperson,包括數(shù)據(jù)成員：姓名、編號(hào)、性別和用于輸入輸出的成員函數(shù)。在此基礎(chǔ)上派生出學(xué)生類CStudent（增加成績(jī)）和老師類Cteacher（增加教齡),并實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)學(xué)生和教師信息的輸入輸出。#include<iostream.h>#include<string.h>classCPerson{public:voidSetData(char*name,char*id,boolisman=1){intn=strlen(name);strncpy(pName,name,n);pName[n]='\0';n=strlen(id);strncpy(pID,id,n);pID[n]='\0';bMan=isman;}voidOutput()cout<<"姓名："<<pName<<endl;cout<〈"編號(hào)："<<pID<<endl;char*str=bMan?"男"："女"；cout<<"性別："<<str<<endl;}private：charpName[20];charpID[20];boolbMan;};classCStudent：publicCPerson{public：voidInputScore(doublescore1,doublescore2,doublescore3)dbScore[0]=score1;dbScore[1]=score2;dbScore[2]=score3;}voidPrint(){Output();for(inti=0;i<3;i++)cout<<"成績(jī)"<<i+l<〈"："<<dbScore[i]<<endl;}private:doubledbScore[3];};classCteacher:publicCPerson{public:voidInputage(doubleage){tage=age;}voidPrint(){Output();cout<<"教齡："<<tage<<endl;}private:doubletage;};voidmain(){CStudentstu;Cteachertea;stu.SetData("LiMing","21010211");stu.InputScore(80,76,91);stu.Print();tea.SetData("zhangli","001");tea.Inputage(12);tea.Print();}二、第二類題目(20道，每題9分，請(qǐng)自行設(shè)計(jì)輸出格式)1．某商店經(jīng)銷一種貨物，貨物成箱購(gòu)進(jìn)，成箱賣出，購(gòu)進(jìn)和賣出時(shí)以重量為單位，各箱的重量不一樣，因此，商店需要記下目前庫(kù)存貨物的總量，要求把商店貨物購(gòu)進(jìn)和賣出的情況模擬出來(lái)。#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classGoods{public:Goods(intw){weight=w;totalWeight+=w;};~Goods(){totalWeight-=weight;};intWeight(){returnweight;}staticintTotalWeight(){returntotalWeight;}private:intweight;staticinttotalWeight;};intGoods::totalWeight=0;main(){intw;cin>>w;Goods*g1=newGoods(w);cin>>w;Goods*g2=newGoods(w);cout<<Goods::TotalWeight()<<endl;deleteg2;cout<<Goods::TotalWeight()<<endl;}設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)Time類，包括三個(gè)私有數(shù)據(jù)成員：hour,minute,sec，用構(gòu)造函數(shù)初始化,內(nèi)設(shè)公用函數(shù)display(Date&d),設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)Date類，包括三個(gè)私有數(shù)據(jù)成員：month,day,year,也用構(gòu)適函數(shù)初始化；分別定義兩個(gè)帶參數(shù)的對(duì)象t1(12,30,55),d1(3,25,2010)，通過友員成員函數(shù)的應(yīng)用，輸出d1和t1的值。#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classDate;classTime{public:Time(int,int,int);voiddisplay(constDate&);private:inthour;intminute;intsec;};Time::Time(inth,intm,ints){hour=h;minute=m;sec=s;}classDate{public:Date(int,int,int);friendvoidTime::display(constDate&);private:intmonth;intday;intyear;};Date::Date(intm,intd,inty){month=m;day=d;year=y;usingnamespacestd;usingnamespacestd;usingnamespacestd;usingnamespacestd;voidTime::display(constDate&da){cout<<da.month<<"/"<<da.day<<"/"<<da.year<<endl;cout<<hour<<":"<<minute<<":"<<sec<<endl;}intmain(){Timet1(12,30,55);Dated1(3,25,2010);t1.display(d1);return0;}設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)Time類，包括三個(gè)私有數(shù)據(jù)成員：hour,minute,sec,用構(gòu)造函數(shù)初始化，，設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)Date類，包括三個(gè)私有數(shù)據(jù)成員：month,day,year，也用構(gòu)適函數(shù)初始化；設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)普通函數(shù)display(…)，將display分別設(shè)置為T?ime類和Date類的友元函數(shù)，在主函數(shù)中分別定義兩個(gè)帶參數(shù)的對(duì)象t1(12,30,55),d1(3,25,2010)，調(diào)用desplay,輸出年、月、日和時(shí)、分、秒。#include<iostream>classDate;classTime{public:Time(int,int,int);friendvoiddisplay(constDate&,constTime&);private:inthour;intminute;intsec;};Time::Time(inth,intm,ints){hour=h;minute=m;sec=s;}classDate{public:Date(int,int,int);friendvoiddisplay(constDate&,constTime&);private:intmonth;intday;intyear;};Date::Date(intm,intd,inty){month=m;day=d;year=y;}voiddisplay(constDate&d,constTime&t)cout<<d.month<<"/"<<d.day<<"/"<<d.year<<endl;{{public:{{public:cout<<t.hour<<":"<<t.minute<<":"<<t.sec<<endl;}intmain(){Timet1(10,30,55);Dated1(3,25,2010);display(d1,t1);return0;}可以定義點(diǎn)類(Point),再定義一個(gè)類(Distance)描述兩點(diǎn)之間的距離，其數(shù)據(jù)成員為兩個(gè)點(diǎn)類對(duì)象，兩點(diǎn)之間距離的計(jì)算可設(shè)計(jì)由構(gòu)造函數(shù)來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)。#include<iostream>#include<math.h>usingnamespacestd;classPointPoint(doublexi,doubleyi){X=xi;Y=yi;}doubledy=double(a.GetY()-b.GetY());doubledy=double(a.GetY()-b.GetY());doubledy=double(a.GetY()-b.GetY());doubledy=double(a.GetY()-b.GetY());doubleGetX(){returnX;}doubleGetY(){returnY;}private:doubleX,Y;};classDistance{public:Distance(Pointp,Pointq);doubleGetdist(){returndist;}private:Pointa,b;doubledist;};Distance::Distance(Pointq1,Pointq2):a(q1),b(q2){doubledx=double(a.GetX()-b.GetX());dist=sqrt(dx*dx+dy*dy);}intmain(){Pointp1(3.0,5.0),p2(4.0,6.0);Distancedis(p1,p2);cout<<"Thisdistanceis:"<<dis.Getdist()<<endl;return0;}定義點(diǎn)類(Point),再定義一個(gè)函數(shù)(Distance)描述兩點(diǎn)之間的距離，其數(shù)據(jù)成員為兩個(gè)點(diǎn)類對(duì)象，將兩點(diǎn)之間距離函數(shù)聲明為Point類的友元函數(shù)。#include<iostream>#include<math.h>usingnamespacestd;classPoint{public:Point(doublexi,doubleyi){X=xi;Y=yi;}doubleGetX(){returnX;}doubleGetY(){returnY;}frienddoubleDistance(Point&a,Point&b)private:doubleX,Y;};doubleDistance(Point&a,Point&b){doubledx=a.X-b.X;doubledy=a.Y-b.Y;returnsqrt(dx*dx+dy*dy);}intmain(){Pointp1(3.0,5.0),p2(4.0,6.0);doubled=Distance(p1,p2);cout<<"Thisdistanceis"<<d<<endl;return0;}實(shí)現(xiàn)重載函數(shù)Double(x),返回值為輸人參數(shù)的兩倍；參數(shù)分別為整型、浮點(diǎn)型、雙精度型，返回值類型與參數(shù)一樣。(用類模板實(shí)現(xiàn))#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;template<classnumtype>classDouble{public:Double(numtypea){x=a;}numtypebei(){return2*x;}private:numtypex;};intmain(){Double<int>dou1(3);cout<<dou1.bei()<<endl;Double<float>dou2(12.36);cout<<dou2.bei()<<endl;Double<double>dou3(25.33333);cout<<dou3.bei()<<endl;return0;}有一個(gè)Time類，包含數(shù)據(jù)成員minute(分)和sec(秒),模擬秒表，每次走一秒,滿60秒進(jìn)一分鐘，此時(shí)秒又從0開始算。要求輸出分和秒的值。初值自擬。#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classTime{public:Time(){minute=0;sec=0;}Time(intm,ints):minute(m),sec(s){}Timeoperator++();voiddisplay(){cout<<minute<<":"<<sec<<endl;}private:intminute;intsec;};TimeTime::operator++(){if（++sec>=60）{sec-=60;++minute;}return*this;}intmain（）{Timetime1（34,0）;for（inti=0;i<61;i++）{++time1;time1.display（）;}return0;}聲明一個(gè)教師（Teacher）類和一個(gè)學(xué)生（Student）類，用多重繼承的方式聲明一個(gè)研究生（Graduate）派生類。教師類中包括數(shù)據(jù)成員name（姓名），age（年齡），title（職稱）。學(xué)生類中包括數(shù)據(jù)成員name（姓名），age（年齡），score（成績(jī)）。在定義派生類對(duì)象時(shí)給出初始化的數(shù)據(jù)（自已定），然后輸出這些數(shù)據(jù)。初值自擬。stringname1;stringname1;stringname1;stringname1;stringname;stringname;#include<iostream>#include<string>usingnamespacestd;classTeacher{public:Teacher(stringnam,inta,stringt){name=nam;age=a;title=t;}voiddisplay(){cout<<"name:"<<name<<endl;cout<<"age"<<age<<endl;cout<<"title:"<<title<<endl;}protected:intage;stringtitle;};classStudent{public:Student(stringnam,chars,floatsco){name1=nam;sex=s;score=sco;}voiddisplay1(){cout<<"name:"<<name1<<endl;cout<<"sex:"<<sex<<endl;cout<<"score:"<<score<<endl;}protected:charsex;floatscore;};classGraduate:publicTeacher,publicStudent{public:Graduate(stringnam,inta,chars,stringt,floatsco,floatw):Teacher(nam,a,t),Student(nam,s,sco),wage(w){}voidshow(){cout<<"name:"<<name<<endl;cout<<"age:"<<age<<endl;cout<<"sex:"<<sex<<endl;cout<<"score:"<<score<<endl;cout<<"title:"<<title<<endl;cout<<"wages:"<<wage<<endl;}private:#include<string>#include<string>#include<string>#include<string>floatwage;floatwage;};intmain(){Graduategrad1("Wang-li",24,'f',"assistant",89.5,1234.5);grad1.show();return0;}在上題的基礎(chǔ)上，在Teacher類和Student類之上增加一個(gè)共同的基類Person,如下圖所示。作為人員的一些基本數(shù)據(jù)都放在Person中，在Teacher類和Student類中再增加一些必要的數(shù)據(jù)（Student類中增加score,Teacher類中增加職稱title,Graduate類中增加工資wages）。初值自擬。PersonTeacherStudentGraduate#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classPerson{public:Person(char*nam,chars,inta){strcpy(name,nam);sex=s;age=a;}protected:charname[20];charsex;intage;};classTeacher:virtualpublicPerson{public:Teacher(char*nam,chars,inta,char*t):Person(nam,s,a){strcpy(title,t);}protected:chartitle[10];};classStudent:virtualpublicPerson{public:Student(char*nam,chars,inta,floatsco):Person(nam,s,a),score(sco){}protected:floatscore;};classGraduate:publicTeacher,publicStudent{public:Graduate(char*nam,chars,inta,char*t,floatsco,floatw):Person(nam,s,a),Teacher(nam,s,a,t),Student(nam,s,a,sco),wage(w){}voidshow(){cout<<"name:"<<name<<endl;cout<<"age:"<<age<<endl;cout<<"sex:"<<sex<<endl;cout<<"score:"<<score<<endl;cout<<"title:"<<title<<endl;cout<<"wages:"<<wage<<endl;}private:floatwage;};intmain(){Graduategrad1("Wang-li",'f',24,"assistant",89.5,1234.5);grad1.show();return0;}寫一個(gè)程序，定義抽象類型Shape，由他派生三個(gè)類：Circle(圓形)，Rectangle(矩形)，Trapezoid(梯形)，用一個(gè)函數(shù)printArea分別輸出三者的面積，3個(gè)圖形的數(shù)據(jù)在定義對(duì)象是給定。#include<iostream>virtualdoublearea()const{returnwidth*height;}virtualdoublearea()const{returnwidth*height;}virtualdoublearea()const{returnwidth*height;}virtualdoublearea()const{returnwidth*height;}usingnamespacestd;classShape{public:virtualdoublearea()const=0;//純虛函數(shù)};classCircle:publicShape{public:Circle(doubler):radius(r){}virtualdoublearea()const{return3.14159*radius*radius;};protected:doubleradius;};classRectangle:publicShape{public:Rectangle(doublew,doubleh):width(w),height(h){}protected:doublewidth,height;};classTrapezoid:publicShape{public:Trapezoid(doublew,doubleh,doublelen):width(w),height(h),length(len){}virtualdoublearea()const{return0.5*height*(width+length);}protected:doublewidth,height,length;};voidprintArea(constShape&s){cout<<s.area()<<endl;}intmain(){Circlecircle(12.6);cout<<"areaofcircle=";printArea(circle);Rectanglerectangle(4.5,8.4);cout<<"areaofrectangle=";printArea(rectangle);Trapezoidtrapezoid(4.5,8.4,8.0);cout<<"areaoftrapezoid=";printArea(trapezoid);return0;}聲明一個(gè)Shape抽象類，在此基礎(chǔ)上派生出Rectangle和Circle類，二者都有GetArea()函數(shù)計(jì)算對(duì)象的面積，GetPerim()函數(shù)計(jì)算對(duì)象的周長(zhǎng)。#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classShape{public:Shape(){}~Shape(){}floatGetPerim(){return3.14*2*R;}floatGetPerim(){return3.14*2*R;}floatGetPerim(){return3.14*2*R;}floatGetPerim(){return3.14*2*R;}virtualfloatGetPerim()=0;virtualfloatGetArea()=0;};classRectangle:publicShape{public:Rectangle(floati,floatj):L(i),W(j){}~Rectangle(){}floatGetPerim(){return2*(L+W);}floatGetArea(){returnL*W;}private:floatL,W;};classCircle:publicShape{public:Circle(floatr):R(r){}floatGetArea(){return3.14*R*R;}private:floatR;};voidmain(){Shape*sp;sp=newCircle(10);cout<<sp->GetPerim()<<endl;cout<<sp->GetArea()<<endl;sp=newRectangle(6,4);cout<<sp->GetPerim()<<endl;cout<<sp->GetArea()<<endl;}12．分別用成員函數(shù)和友元函數(shù)重載運(yùn)算符，使對(duì)實(shí)型的運(yùn)算符“-”適用于復(fù)數(shù)運(yùn)#include<iostream.h>classcomplex{private:doublereal;doubleimag;public:complex(doubler=0.0,doublei=0.0){real=r;imag=i;}friendcomplexoperator-(complexc1,complexc2);voiddisplay();};complexoperator-(complexc1,complexc2){returncomplex(c1.real-c2.real,c1.imag-c2.imag);}voidcomplex::display(){cout<<"("<<real<<","<<imag<<"i)"<<endl;}voidmain(){complexc1(5,4),c2(2,10),c3,;cout<<"cl=";c1.display();cout<<"c2=";c2.display();c3=c1-c2;cout<<"c3=c1-c2=";c3.display();}13．分別用成員函數(shù)和友元函數(shù)重載運(yùn)算符，使對(duì)實(shí)型的運(yùn)算符“+”適用于復(fù)數(shù)運(yùn)算。o#include<iostream.h>classcomplex{private:doublereal;doubleimag;public:complex(doubler=0.0,doublei=0.0){real=r;imag=i;}friendcomplexoperator+(complexc1,complexc2);voiddisplay();};complexoperator+(complexc1,complexc2){returncomplex(c1.real+c2.real,c1.imag+c2.imag);}voidcomplex::display(){cout<<"("<<real<<","<<imag<<"i)"<<endl;}voidmain(){complexc1(5,4),c2(2,10),c3,;cout<<"cl=";c1.display();cout<<"c2=";c2.display();c3=c1+c2;cout<<"c3=c1+c2=c3.display();}14．分別用成員函數(shù)和友元函數(shù)重載運(yùn)算符，使對(duì)實(shí)型的運(yùn)算符“*”適用于復(fù)數(shù)運(yùn)算。提示：兩復(fù)數(shù)相乘的計(jì)算公式為：(a+bi)*(c+di)=(ac-bd)+(ad+bc)i。#include<iostream.h>classcomplex{private:doublereal;doubleimag;public:complex(doubler=0.0,doublei=0.0){real=r;imag=i;}friendcomplexoperator*(complexc1,complexc2);voiddisplay();};complexoperator*(complexc1,complexc2){returncomplex(c1.real*c2.real-c1.imag*c2.imag,c1.real*c2.imag+c2.real*c1.imag);}voidcomplex::display(){cout<<"("<<real<<","<<imag<<"i)"<<endl;}voidmain(){complexc1(5,4),c2(2,10),c3,;cout<<"cl=";c1.display();cout<<"c2=";c2.display();c3=c1*c2;cout<<"c3=c1*c2=";c3.display();}15．分別用成員函數(shù)和友元函數(shù)重載運(yùn)算符，使對(duì)實(shí)型的運(yùn)算符“/”適用于復(fù)數(shù)運(yùn)算。提示：兩復(fù)數(shù)相除的計(jì)算公式為：(a+bi)/(c+di)=(ac+bd)/(c*c+d*d)+(bc-ad)/(c*c+d*d)i。#include<iostream.h>classcomplex{private:doublereal;doubleimag;public:complex(doubler=0.0,doublei=0.0){real=r;imag=i;}friendcomplexoperator/(complexc1,complexc2);voiddisplay();};complexoperator/(complexc1,complexc2){returncomplex((c1.real*c2.real+c1.imag*c2.imag)/(c2.real*c2.real+c2.imag*c2.imag),(c2.real*c1.imag-c1.real*c2.imag)/(c2.real*c2.real+c2.imag*c2.imag));}voidcomplex::display(){cout<<"("<<real<<","<<imag<<"i)"<<endl;}voidmain(){complexc1(5,4),c2(2,10),c3,;cout<<"cl=";c1.display();cout<<"c2=";c2.display();c3=c1/c2;cout<<"c3=c1/c2=";c3.display();}定義一個(gè)國(guó)家基類Country,包含國(guó)名、首都、人口等屬性，派生出省類Province，增加省會(huì)城市、人口數(shù)量屬性。#include<iostream>#include<string>usingnamespacestd;classCountry{public:Country(stringnam,stringc,longintcp){name=nam;capital=c;country_population=cp;}protected:stringname;stringcapital;longintcountry_population;};classProvince:publicCountry{public:Province(stringnam,stringc,longintcp,stringpc,longintpp):Country(nam,c,cp){Province_capital=pc;Province_population=pp;};voidshow(){cout<<"name:"<<name<<endl;cout<<"capital:"<<capital<<endl;cout<<"country_population:"<<country_population<<endl;cout<<"Province_capital:"<<Province_capital<<endl;cout<<"Province_population:"<<Province_population<<endl;}private:stringProvince_capital;longintProvince_population;};intmain(){Provinceprov1("China","Beijing",1300000000,"Nanchang",45000000);prov1.show();return0;定義一個(gè)車基類Vehicle,含私有成員speed,weight。派生出自行車類Bicycle,增加high成員；汽車類Car,增加seatnum(