時態(tài)語態(tài)專題練習(xí)初高中英語銜接

Tenses&Voices浙附中學(xué)2026屆英語備課組ContentsObjectivesRulesofTensesRulesofVoicesPracticeRulesofSubject-verbAgreementObjectivesA.第一部分丨PARTONE01丨LearningObjectivesBytheendoftheclass,studentswillbeableto:1.knowtherulesofeighttenses;2.knowtherulesoftwovoices(activevoiceandpassivevoice);3.knowtherulesofsubject-verbagreement;4.usecorrecttenses,voiceswithcorrectformsinsentences.TensesB.第二部分丨PARTTWO02丨Tenses現(xiàn)在過去將來過去將來一般進(jìn)行完成完成進(jìn)行時間狀態(tài)do/doesam/is/aredoinghave/hasdonedidwas/weredoinghaddoneshall/willdobegoingtodoshould/woulddohave/hasbeendoing一般現(xiàn)在時1.表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動作或存在的狀態(tài)；2.表示客觀真理、客觀存在、科學(xué)事實、俗語等；3.在時間和條件狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來（主句用一般將來時）；4.書報的標(biāo)體，故事的敘述，小說、戲劇、電影等情節(jié)介紹02丨TensesIntheevening,Ioften

watchTVseriesorsport.Thesunrisesfromtheeast.Thenewspaperreads,“Thecriminalwhokilledeightwomenhasbeenexecuted.”always,usually,often,seldom,sometimes,never.frequently,everyday,onceaweek,monthly,yearly,now...一般過去時1.表示在過去確定的某個時間里所發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與時間狀語連用；2.表示在過去一段時間內(nèi)經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動作；3.表示過去時間內(nèi)連續(xù)發(fā)生的動作；4.在時間和條件狀語從句中，若主句用了過去將來時，從句常用一般過去時代替過去將來時02丨TensesThethreeofustravelledaroundEuropeforaboutamonthlastsummer.Intheearlyevening,wealwaysstoppedtomakecamp.Shetookoffhercoatandsatinthesofa.Hetoldme(that)hewouldwaituntilmyparentscameback.yesterday,lastnight,...ago,justnow,in+過去時間,thedaybeforeyesterday,theotherday...02丨Tenses一般過去時情況規(guī)則例詞一般情況加-edpack(ed)play(ed)以輔音字母y結(jié)尾的動詞變y為i，加-edcarry-carried以一個輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)動詞雙寫輔音字母再加-edplan-planned以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的動詞直接加dlike(d)provide(d)be的變化：was,werehave/has的變化：had一般將來時1.“will/shall+動詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)：表示客觀上勢必將發(fā)生的事情、臨時做出的打算或意愿。shall一般用于第一人稱，will可用于各種人稱；2.“begoingto+動詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)：表示主觀計劃、打算或安排要做某事，或根據(jù)某種跡象預(yù)測某事即將發(fā)生；3.“betodo”結(jié)構(gòu)：表示計劃、約定或按職責(zé)、義務(wù)必須做的事或即將發(fā)生的動作。強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀安排或受人指示而做某事；4.“beabouttodo”結(jié)構(gòu)：表示補(bǔ)救或即將發(fā)生的動作，一般不與時間狀語連用02丨TensesLater,Ishall/willtellyouaboutsomethingIknow.Lookatthedarkcloud.Itisgoingtorain.Youaretodelivertheseflowersbefore10.Theplaneisabouttotakeoff.tomorrow,nextweek,nexttime,inthefuture,thisafternoon,someday,lateron,in+時間段,after+時間點...Practice1.Vegetarians

(not,eat)meat.2.Ifit

(rain)tomorrow,we’llhavetoputoffoursportsmeet.3.I

(go)tothecinemathreetimeslastweek.4.I

(go)tothegymeveryfivedays.5.WhenIwasyoung,I

(want)tobeadoctor.6.Shesaidthey

(take)partinanEnglishspeechcontestthenextmonth.don’teatrainswentgowantedwouldtake過去將來時1.“would/should+動詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)：表示從過去某一時間看將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常用于賓語從句或間接引語中；2.過去將來時還可用was/weregoingtodo,was/weretodo,was/wereabouttodo及過去進(jìn)行時等方式表示。02丨TensesShesaid(that)shewouldbethereatseveno’clock.Wedidn’tknowifshewasgoingtobeheretonight.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時1.表示說話時正在進(jìn)行的動作或存在的狀態(tài)；2.表示現(xiàn)階段一直在進(jìn)行的動作，但此時此刻該動作不一定正在進(jìn)行；3.表示按計劃或安排將要發(fā)生的動作，常與一個表示將來的時間狀語連用。02丨TensesThestudentsarehavingEnglishclassnow.Wearemakingmodelplanesthesedays.IamtakingpartinMary’sbirthdaypartythisweekend.now,rightnow,atthismoment,atpresent,nowadays,thesedays...02丨Tenses現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時情況規(guī)則例詞一般情況加-ingwalk(ing),laugh(ing)以一個輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)動詞雙寫輔音字母再加-ingregret(ting),ban(ning)以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的動詞去掉e，加-ingtake-taking,date-dating過去進(jìn)行時1.表示過去某一時刻或過去某一階段一直在進(jìn)行的動作；2.表示從過去某一時刻看即將發(fā)生的動作，多用于從句中；3.表示一個過去的動作正在進(jìn)行時，另一個過去的動作發(fā)生了。02丨TensesIwasdiscussingmyhomeworkwithmybrotheratthistimelastnight.Whenheknockedthedoor,Iwashavingabath.atthatmoment,atthattime,thistimeyesterday,at...o’clock+過去時間,thosedays...Practice1.Pleasedon’tdisturbher.She

(sleep).2.Toddhashisowncar,buthe

(take)atrainhomethisweek.3.Whilewe

(watch)theplay,astaffcameovertousandcheckedourticket.

issleepingistakingwerewatching現(xiàn)在完成時1.表示“影響”：表示到現(xiàn)在為止動作已經(jīng)完成，但這個動作產(chǎn)生了目前的結(jié)果或?qū)ΜF(xiàn)在有影響；2.表示“完成”：過去開始的動作到現(xiàn)在結(jié)束，或馬上就要結(jié)束；3.表示“經(jīng)歷”：表示從過去到現(xiàn)在經(jīng)歷過的事情；4.表示“持續(xù)”：表示過去某一動作或行為持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并有可能繼續(xù)持續(xù)下去。02丨TensesIhavealreadysearchedtheInternetbutfoundnothing.Wehavevisitedyourfactorybefore.lately,recently,already,yet,just,ever,bythistime,untilnow,in/during/overthepastfewdays,since+時間點,for+時間段...Ihavebeenverysadforthepastfewmonths.過去完成時1.表示在過去某一時刻或動作之前已經(jīng)完成的動作，即“過去的過去”；2.表示開始于過去某一時間的動作或狀態(tài)延續(xù)到過去另一時間，并且有可能持續(xù)下去；3.hope，think，expect，intend，mean等表示“希望、打算、計劃”的動詞的過去完成時可表示未曾實現(xiàn)的愿望、計劃，意為“本想、本打算、本計劃”等；4.“hardly/scarcely...when...”,“nosooner...than...”等句式中，when和than從句中用一般過去時，主句常用過去完成時。02丨TensesShehadlearnedsomeEnglishbeforeshewenttoAmerica.Bytheendoflastmonth,hehadlearnedEnglishfor6years.Ihadexpectedtoreceivehisgift.bythen,bythattime,bytheendof,untilthen,before+過去時間,bythetime+從句...Hardly

hadweleftthedormitorythenextmorningwhenwerealizedweforgotourmapintheroom.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時1.表示動作從過去某一時間開始，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在（這種時態(tài)多用延續(xù)性動詞，表示這一動作可能仍在進(jìn)行）；2.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時有時所表示的動作并不是一直在不停地進(jìn)行，而是在斷斷續(xù)續(xù)地重復(fù)；3.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時有時可指“剛才”或“近來”發(fā)生的動作（此時往往暗示這個動作對現(xiàn)在的影響，和現(xiàn)在的情況有聯(lián)系，常含有一種因果關(guān)系）。02丨TensesHehasbeenlearningEnglishfor6years.Ihavebeenringingyouseveraltimesintwodays.IfeelalittletiredbecauseIhavebeenplayingbasketball.thesefewdays,thismonth,allday,recentlyetc...Practice1.Darwin

(originate)thetheoryofevolutionand

(differ)fromtheBibleonthecreationoftheworld.2.Mozart

(write)morethan600piecesofmusic.3.I

(be)beverytiredlastnight,soI

(go)tobedearly.4.Englishschools

(boom)recently.Anewschool

(open)everyday.5.I

(walk)alongthestreetwhensuddenlyI

(hear)footstepsbehindme.Somebody(follow)me.IwasfrightenedandIstartedtorun.6.ThisisthemostinterestingmoviethatI_______(ever,see).7.Whenherdaughter

(arrive)homefromaparty,Mrs.Thompson

(ask)herifshe

(thank)herhosters.8.Abeggarstoppedmetheotherdayandsaidhe

(not,have)abitefordays.9.I

(write)threeletterssincelunchtime.10.I

(call)Davidforthepasthalfhour,butIkeepgettingabusysignal.originates;differswrotewas;wentarebooming;openswaswalking;heard;wasfollowinghaveeverseenarrived;asked;thankedhadn’thadhavewrittenhavebeencallingVoicesC.第三部分丨PARTTHREE03丨Voices主動形式(ActiveVoice)被動形式(PassiveVoice)一般現(xiàn)在時do/does一般過去時did一般將來時will/shalldo過去將來時would/shoulddo現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時am/is/aredoing過去進(jìn)行時was/weredoing現(xiàn)在完成時have/hasdone過去完成時haddone情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞+doam/is/aredonewas/weredonewill/shallbedonewouldbedoneam/is/arebeingdonewas/werebeingdonehas/havebeendonehadbeendone情態(tài)動詞+bedone03丨Voices賓語提前主語變，時態(tài)人稱“be”關(guān)鍵，過去分詞勿變錯，原主變賓“by”后見。He

breaks

thewindow.Thewindow

isbroken

by

him.She

gave

meabook.I

wasgiven

abook

by

her.Abook

wasgiven

tome

by

her.Practice1.Theyhavepaintedthosepictures.2.Hewillwritealettertohisfathertomorrow3.Theworkersarerepairingthebridge.4.Wemustkeepourroomcleanandtidy.5.Iheardhimsingintheclassroomyesterday.Thosepictureshavebeenpaintedbythem.Aletterwillbewrittentohisfatherbyhimtomorrow.Thebridgeisbeingrepairedbytheworkers.Ourroommustbekeptcleanandtidy.Hewasheardtosingintheclassroomyesterday.Subject-verbAgreementD.第四部分丨PARTFOUR04丨Subject-verbAgreement主語是單數(shù)（可數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞），謂語動詞用單數(shù)；主語是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。He

walksalongthestreet.They

walkalongthestree.Anapple

isputinthebag.Severalapples

areputinthebag.謂語動詞用單數(shù)情況1.表示時間、金錢、距離、重量、數(shù)量等名詞作主語；2.不定代詞作主語；3.由“each,either,noone”等修飾的名詞作主語；4.動詞不定式、動名詞作主語；5.專有名詞作主語；Twohours

istooshortforthevisit.Somebody

hasbrokenintoourhouselastnight.Eachofthestudents

hasanapple.04丨Subject-verbAgreementTosee

istobelieve.TheUnitedStates

isinNorthAmerica.意義一致1.形式為單數(shù)，但意義為復(fù)數(shù)的集合名詞people,cattle,police等作主語，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù);2.news,maths,physics,plastics等形式上是復(fù)數(shù)，但意義上是單數(shù)作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù);3.當(dāng)主語是family,class,crew,team,group,audience,crowd,government等集體名詞時，如果看作是一個整體，謂語用單數(shù)，如果強(qiáng)調(diào)其中成員，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)Thepolice

aresearchingforthemurderer.Maths

isthelanguageofscience.04丨Subject-verbAgreementTheclass

consistsof25boysand25girls.Theclass

aredoingexperiments.意義一致4.“series/kind/sort/apiece/apair+of+名詞”作主語時，謂語與表示計量單位的名詞形式一致；5.“分?jǐn)?shù)/百分?jǐn)?shù)/all/most/half/some/alot/plenty/therest+of+名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞由of后的名詞確定；6.就近原則：either...or...,neither...nor...,notonly...butalso...,not...but...,or;7.在there/herebe句型中有并列主語時，be和最近的主語保持一致。Threepairsofglasses

areonthedesk.Aseriesofevents

hasnotbeenforeseen.04丨Subject-verbAgreement80%ofemailsontheInternetareinEnglish.Mostofhistime

isspentinwriting.EitherheorI

amright.Thereis

adeskandtwochairsintheroom.意義一致8.“名詞/代詞+with/alongwith/togetherwith/aswellas/rather+名詞/代詞”，謂語和第一個名詞或代詞一致；9.兩個單數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞用and連接，表示兩個不同概念時謂語用復(fù)數(shù)；10.兩個單數(shù)名詞用and連接，表示同一個人、同一事物或概念，或不可分割的整體Tom,aswellashistwobrothers,wasinvitedtothepartyyesterday.04丨Subject-verbAgreementSteamandice

aredifferentformsofwater.Thesingerandsongwriter

issingingonthestage.Asignerandadancer

areperformingonthestage.Practice1.Nowadays,cycling,alongwithjoggingandswimming,_____