文檔現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)定義：表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影想或結(jié)果）例：Thecarhasarrived.車子來了。（結(jié)果：車子已在門口）Someonehasbrokenthewindow.有人把窗戶打破了。（結(jié)果：窗戶仍破著）表示過去已經(jīng)開始，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，甚至有可能繼續(xù)延續(xù)下去。可以和表示從過去某一時(shí)刻延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在（包括“現(xiàn)在”在內(nèi)）的一段時(shí)間的狀語連用,如for+時(shí)間段、since+過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)、疑問詞howlong等。這時(shí)表示持續(xù)動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。Myunclehasworkedatthisfactoryforfiveyears.我叔叔在這個(gè)工廠工作已經(jīng)五年了。Mr.BlackhaslivedinChinasince2002.自從2002年Mr.Black一直住在中國。Howlonghaveyoubeenhere?你來這里多久了？現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成：pastpresentfuture肯定式：主語+助動(dòng)詞have/has+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞.疑問式：助動(dòng)詞Have/Has+主語+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞?否定式:主語+助動(dòng)詞have/has+not+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞.例句：Hashegonetothelibrary?他是去了圖書館嗎？Yes,hehas.是的，是去那里了。

No,hehasn’t.不，他沒去那里。HowlonghasMrsSmithbeeninBeijing？

Smith夫人來北京多長時(shí)間了？用法：表示過去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。--It’ssodark.--Someonehasturnedoffthelight.(有人剛把燈關(guān)了,對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果是:現(xiàn)在很黑)--Areyoufree?--Ihavefinishedmyhomework.Iamfree.(我已經(jīng)完成了家庭作業(yè),對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果是很有空)表示過去已經(jīng)開始,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài).IhavelearntEnglishformorethantenyears.我已經(jīng)學(xué)了10多年的英語。(從10年前開始,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在還在學(xué))Shehasswumsincehalfanhourago.我已經(jīng)游泳了半個(gè)小時(shí)。(半個(gè)小時(shí)前已經(jīng)開始游泳,到現(xiàn)在還在游)3.經(jīng)驗(yàn)性用法:表示從過去開始到目前為止這段時(shí)間中反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或多次出現(xiàn)的狀態(tài)。常與頻度副詞如often,always,everyweek,twice等連用。IhavebeentotheSummerPalacetwice.

我曾經(jīng)去過頤和園兩次。

Hehasalwayssaidso.他總是這么說.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞：(一)當(dāng)句中有never(從來沒有),ever(曾經(jīng)),just(剛剛),already(肯定),yet(否定),before(以前)，recently(近來)，sofar(到目前為止)，inthepast/lastfewYears(在過去幾年里)等時(shí)，常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。a）already往往用于肯定句，用在疑問句時(shí)表示強(qiáng)調(diào)或加強(qiáng)語氣；yet用于否定句和疑問句。Hehasalreadylefthere.

他已經(jīng)離開這里了。Hashealreadylefthere?

他（真的）已經(jīng)離開這里了嗎？（表示加強(qiáng)語氣）Myteachershaven’thadbreakfastyet.

我的老師們還沒有吃早飯。Haveyouwrittentoyourparentsyet?

你已經(jīng)給你父母寫過信了嗎？b）never是否定詞，表示“從來沒有”，而ever表示“曾經(jīng)”WehaveneverbeentotheGreatWall.

我們從來沒有去過長城。HaveyoueverbeentoCanada?

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)歷年中考真題一

.has

gone

to,

has

been

to,

has

been

in

的區(qū)別

1

(11黑龍江綏化)--

Where

is

Bob?

--

He

_____

to

Harbin

for

a

meeting.

A

went

B

has

been

C

has

gone

2

(11南寧)She

isn’t

at

the

cinema

now

because

she

the

library.

has

been

to

B.

have

been

to

C.

have

gone

to

D.

has

gone

to

3

(11煙臺(tái))—I

think

the

man

over

there

must

be

Bob.

--

It_______

be

him.

He

has______

to

Australia.

can’t,

gone

B.

can’t,

been

C.

may

not,

been

D.

mustn't,

gone

4【2011江蘇徐州】—

Are

you

going

to

the

bank,

Laura?

—No,

I

______

to

the

bank

already.

A.

have

been

B.

have

gone

C.

am

going

D.

had

been

5【2011呼和浩特】----Oh,

you

are

here.

I'm

looking

for

you

all

the

morning.______?

----To

the

library.

A.

Where

have

you

gone

B.

Where

will

you

go

C.

Where

are

you

going

D.

Where

have

you

been?

6【2011四川雅安】

They

_____

England

and

they

will

be

back

next

week.

A.

have

gone

to

B.

have

been

to

D.

has

been

on

7【2011遼寧本溪】—Is

Mr.

Smith

still

in

Shanghai?

—Yes,

he

______

there

for

two

months.

has

been

B.

has

gone

C.

has

been

to

D.

has

gone

to

8【2011江蘇泰州】—How

well

do

you

know

the

Opera

House?

—I

know

the

place

very

well.

I

____

Sydney

many

times.

have

been

in

B.

have

been

to

C.

have

gone

to

D.

have

arrived

in

二

.A

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

看關(guān)鍵詞選答案

常見關(guān)鍵詞有since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)、

for+時(shí)間段、already,

yet,

so

far,

once,

twice,

many

times等

1【2011貴州畢節(jié)】I_____

many

new

friends

since

I

came

here．

A．make

B．made

C．will

make

D．have

made

2【2011福建莆田】Mrs.

Wang

came

back

from

France

in

2010.

She

_____

there

for

four

years.

A.

works

B.

worked

C.

has

worked

3【2011北京】My

aunt

is

a

writer.

She

____

more

than

ten

books

since

1980.

writes

B.

wrote

C.

has

written

D.

will

write

4

(11河南)—Excuse

me,

where

is

Mr.

Brown’s

office?

—Sorry,

I

don’t

know.

I

______

here

for

only

a

few

days.

A.

work

B.

worked

C.

have

worked

D.

will

work

5

(11泉州)—Dad,

I

______station

for

30

minutes.

But

nobody

came

to

meet

me.—

Don’t

worry.

I

will

go

to

meet

you

soon.

A.

arrived

at

B.

have

been

at

C.

will

reach

6

(11陜西)Some

students

in

Shanghai______e-bags

for

several

months.

A.

have

B.

have

had

C.

had

D.

will

have

B

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

沒有關(guān)鍵詞，根據(jù)句義判斷，即過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生了影響。

1【2011河北省】I______my

homework.

I

guess

I

can't

join

you.

don't

finish

B.

didn't

finish

C.

haven't

finished

D.

won't

finish

2【2011重慶江津】A:

How

clean

the

bedroom

is!

B:

Yes,

I

am

sure

that

someone

______

it.

A.

cleans

B.

cleaned

C.

has

cleaned

D.

had

cleaned

3

【2011廣西貴港】

My

pen

pal

said

he

would

write

to

me,

but

I

___

any

letters

from

him

so

far.

A.

won’t

receive

B.

haven’t

received

C.

hadn’t

received

D.

didn’t

receive

4【2011廣西賀州】Our

country

______the

sixth

population

census(人口普查)

already.

A.

finished

B.

has

finished

C.

will

finish

D.

finishes

5【2011湖北襄陽】----

Why

won’t

you

go

to

the

movie

with

me,

Gina?

----

Because

I

______

it

twice.

A.

see

B.

have

seen

C.

saw

D.

will

see

C

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

瞬間動(dòng)詞變延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，如join—be

in,

begin—be

on,

leave—be

away,

borrow—keep,

buy—have,

marry—be

married等

1【2011四川雅安】She

_______

this

book

for

nearly

three

weeks.

A.

has

borrowed

B.

has

lent

C.

has

bought

D.

has

kept

2【2011廣東清遠(yuǎn)】Echo

_____

for

half

a

month.

She'll

come

hack

in

two

months.

A.

left

B

leave

C.

has

left

D.

has

been

away

3【2011貴州遵義】Thomas

______

the

army

for

two

years,

so

he

misses

his

mother

very

much.

A.

has

joined

B.

has

taken

part

in

C.

has

been

in

4【2011重慶】I

______my

hometown

for

a

long

time.

I

really

miss

it!

A.

left

B.

went

away

from

C.

have

left

D.

have

been

away

from

5【2011江蘇淮安】British

Prince

William(威廉王子)

and

Kate

_____

for

nearly

two

months.

A.

married

B.

have

married

C.

have

been

married

D.

have

got

married

6【2011廣東肇慶】You

are

too

late.

The

film

______

since

half

an

hour

ago.

A.

has

begun

B.

has

been

on

C.

began

7【2011四川達(dá)州】—

Do

you

know

Lucy’s

grandma?

—Of

course.

She

is

a

kind

woman,

but

she

has_______

for

about

a

month

since

she

__

in

the

accident.

been

dead;

was

killed

B.

died;

was

killed

C.

been

dead;

killed

D.

died;killedD

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)

1【2011四川資陽】So

far

this

year,

many

new

houses

________

in

Wenchuan

with

the

help

of

the

government.

A.

build

B.

are

built

C.

will

build

D.

have

been

built

2【2011廣西柳州】Half

of

the

work

______

by

now.

A.

has

finished

B.

has

been

finished

C.

have

been

finished

3【2011海南張家界】The

news

_______

to

the

public

yet.

Only

a

few

people

know.

A.

hasn’t

told

B.

has

been

told

C.

hasn’t

been

told

4（2010南京中考）—Can

you

sing

this

English

song?

--Of

course,

I

can.

It

______many

times

on

the

radio.

A.

taught

B.

has

taught

C.

is

taught

D.

has

been

taught綜合小檢測(cè)1.Myauntisawriter.She______morethantenbookssince1980.A.writesB.wroteC.haswrittenD.willwrite2.Mygrandmother_______alotofchangesinTianjinsinceshecamehere.A.seesB.canseeC.willseeD.hasseen3.SomestudentsinShanghai_________e-bagsforseveralmonths.A.haveB.havehadC.hadD.willhave4.--I'venotfinishedmyprojectyet.--Hurryup!Ourfriends____________forus.(2011江蘇南京,12)A.havewaitedB.waitC.waitingD.arewaiting5.ThelasttimeI________tothecinemawastwoyearsago.(2011浙江杭州,21)A.goB.havegoneC.havebeenD.went6.--HaveyoueverbeentoShanghai?--Yes.I_________thereafewmonthago.A.havebeenB.wentC.havegoneD.been7.--WouldyouliketogoandseeAvatarwithmetonight?--Thankyouverymuch,butI_______italready.(2010天津,43)A.seeB.willseeC.haveseenD.amseeing8.Tinaandherparents_______toEnglandforsightseeinglastsummer.(2010上海,40)A.goB.wentC.willgoD.havegone9.TheHarrypotterbooks_________prettypopularsincetheywerepublished.A.becomeB.willbecomeC.havebecomeD.arebecoming10.MissGaoisn'there.She________tothebusstationtomeetMr.Brown.A.goB.hasgoneC.hasbeenD.wouldgo11.Whynotcomeoverattheweekend?Myfamily________seeingyouagain.A.enjoyedB.wouldenjoyC.willenjoyD.haveenjoyed12.Sam_________ChinesesincehecametoChina.HespeaksgoodChinesenow.A.learnsB.learnedC.haslearnedD.willlearn13.--When____yourmother______youthatbluedress,Mary?--Sorry,Ireallycan'tremember.A.does;buyB.has;boughtC.had;boughtD.did;buy14.--HowlonghaveMr.andMrs.Smith________?--Formorethantwentyyears.A.marriedB.hadmarriedC.gotmarriedD.beenmarried15.--TheTVshowHomeWithkidsissowonderful.Youshouldn'tmissit.--IfIhavetime,I_____it.A.seeB.sawC.willseeD.haveseen16.--IsthatMr.Greenspeaking?--Sorry,heisn’tin.He______________abroadonbusinesslastweek.(2011上海)A.goB.wentC.willgoD.hasgone17.–Theysaythereisanewrestaurantnearhere.–Yes,andit