2023新教材高考英語(yǔ)二輪專題復(fù)習(xí)專題二閱讀七選五先定性再定位第二講補(bǔ)全“首中尾”準(zhǔn)解七選五

第二講補(bǔ)全“首、中、尾”，準(zhǔn)解七選五清迷點(diǎn)掃盲點(diǎn)·提升審題能力句子在段落中的位置不同，所起的作用也不同。命題人之所以采用段首、段中和段尾三種挖空方式，正是利用挖空位置的暗示作用和挖空上下文的提示作用，來(lái)考查考生的邏輯思維能力。本講從空格位置及所承擔(dān)的語(yǔ)意關(guān)系方面講解做題技法，使考生做題時(shí)靈活運(yùn)用解題技法，游刃有余地解答閱讀七選五。技法1段首主題句/段落小標(biāo)題經(jīng)典感悟●【典例1】[2022·新高考Ⅱ卷節(jié)選]Writinganessayisadifficultprocessformostpeople.However,theprocesscanbemadeeasierifyoulearntopracticethreesimpletechniques.__36__Whenyouarefirsttryingtothinkofideasforanessay，putyourpentoyourpaperandwritenonstopfortenorfifteenminuteswithoutlettingyourpenleavethepaper.Staylooseandfree.37.Let__your__pen__follow__the__waves__of__thought.Don'tworryaboutgrammarorspelling.Eventhoughthistechniquewon'tworkforeveryone，ithelpsmanypeoplegetagoodstoreofideastodrawon.A．Makesureyourhandwritingisneat.B．Letyourpenfollowthewavesofthought.C．Theseconddraftoftheessayshouldbebetter.D．Firstofall，learnthetechniqueofnonstopwriting.E．Toomanywriterstrytogettheirdraftsrightthefirsttime.F．Manybeginningwritersdon'tleaveenoughspacetorevise.G.Thenyoucanprintoutafreshdraft，againsettingyourtextontriple-space.解析：本題考查段落主題句。分析文章結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處是本段的主題句。由空后的“Whenyouarefirst...leavethepaper.”可知，本段主要講的是要學(xué)會(huì)不間斷地寫。自主解答：________【典例2】[2020·新高考Ⅱ卷]·__39__Yourmedicalhistoryisalistofyourillnesses,treatments,whatthedoctorstoldyoutodo,andanythingelseyouthinkyourdoctorshouldknow.Also,ifyouareallergic(過敏)toanymedicines,besuretomentionthattoyourdoctor.A．Thiswillmakegettinganswerseasier.B．Herearesometipsfortalkingwithyourdoctor.C．Youcantalktoanotherdoctorifthetreatmentsdon'twork.D．Beforeyourdoctor'svisit,keepnotesonhowyouarefeeling.E．Remember,yourdoctorandothercaregiversareonyourside.F．Bringyourmedicalhistory,includingalistofyourcurrentmedicines.G．Writingdownwhatthedoctorsayswillhelpyourememberimportantinformation.解析：該段主要涉及對(duì)病歷的介紹，故F項(xiàng)“Bringyourmedicalhistory,includingalistofyourcurrentmedicines.(帶上你的病歷，包括你目前的藥物清單)”適合作本段的小標(biāo)題。自主解答：________答題微點(diǎn)●設(shè)空特點(diǎn)1．若是針對(duì)段落小標(biāo)題設(shè)空，其呈現(xiàn)形式應(yīng)和其他小標(biāo)題相同，因此，考生做題時(shí)，觀察其他段落標(biāo)題的句式結(jié)構(gòu)，根據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)相同的原則，縮小范圍，選擇短小精悍、多為名詞詞組、動(dòng)詞-ing形式短語(yǔ)或祈使句作為小標(biāo)題。2．設(shè)空在段首，如果設(shè)空處恰好處于段落主旨句的位置，則該處應(yīng)為段落主旨句，然后根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容做出選擇。圖解技巧段首設(shè)空題[聽課記錄]技法2段中設(shè)空題經(jīng)典感悟●【典例3】[2022·新高考Ⅱ卷]Thenexttechniqueistowriteyourdraftrapidlywithoutworryingaboutbeingperfect.__38__Yet,bylearningtolivewithimperfection,youwillsaveyourselfheadachesandawastepaperbasketfullofcrumpled(弄皺)paper.Thinkofyourfirstdraftasapathcutoutofthejungle—aspartofanexploration,notasacompletehighway.A．Makesureyourhandwritingisneat.B．Letyourpenfollowthewavesofthought.C．Theseconddraftoftheessayshouldbebetter.D．Firstofall，learnthetechniqueofnonstopwriting.E．Toomanywriterstrytogettheirdraftsrightthefirsttime.F．Manybeginningwritersdon'tleaveenoughspacetorevise.G.Thenyoucanprintoutafreshdraft，againsettingyourtextontriple-space.解析：此處考查過渡句。由空格后轉(zhuǎn)折詞Yet可知，空格處應(yīng)該表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，E選項(xiàng)中的“gettheirdrafts”和上文的“writeyourdraft”相呼應(yīng)，說(shuō)明了有很多人想第一次就寫好，這是不合理的，要學(xué)會(huì)允許不完美的存在，因此E選項(xiàng)承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境。自主解答：________答題微點(diǎn)●設(shè)空特點(diǎn)段中設(shè)空即主題句的展開句。尤其注意分析空格前后的邏輯關(guān)系及內(nèi)容的連貫性，注意各句間的銜接手段。其特點(diǎn)主要是以轉(zhuǎn)折手法引出主題句，或者是用來(lái)承上啟下的過渡句，也可能是補(bǔ)充前文的具體事實(shí)、事例和說(shuō)明。解此類試題時(shí)首先應(yīng)確定所缺的句子是過渡句還是細(xì)節(jié)句，對(duì)于這兩類句子，我們將采用不同的方法來(lái)解題。圖解技巧段中設(shè)空題技法3段尾設(shè)空題經(jīng)典感悟●[2022·浙江卷1月]Ihavethesame24hoursinadayasyoudo,butIhavemadespecificchoicesthatallowmetomakethemostofeveryday,andstillfeelhappyandrelaxed.__31__?Pickthemostimportant.32．Make__choices__about__what__is__meaningful__in__your__life.Focusonspendingtimethatforyouisfunandproductive.IchosethelifeofanadviserbecauseIliketoworkwithcompanies,butdon'twantthelifeofabigcompanyCEO.MychoicesarebasedonthelifestyleIwant.A.Speedup.B．Beanactivelearner.C．Stoptryingtobalancetimebetweenthemall.D．Makechoicesaboutwhatismeaningfulinyourlife.E．Thethingsyoudowellusuallygiveyougreaterjoy.F．Perhapsthesetipswillhelpyoumakethemostofyourtime.G．Thisiswhymakinglistsisimportantinanyproductivityhandbook.解析：此處考查段尾總結(jié)句。空前提到作者能夠充分利用時(shí)間，并且依然會(huì)感到開心和放松；下文各段是作者就如何高效利用時(shí)間給出的幾點(diǎn)建議。由此可知，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“也許這些建議將幫助你充分利用時(shí)間”承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境。自主解答：________答題微點(diǎn)●設(shè)空特點(diǎn)1．首段末尾處2．過渡句：在段尾的句子，有時(shí)承上啟下，應(yīng)注意瞻前顧后，段尾句有時(shí)是為了引出下一段的內(nèi)容。3．細(xì)節(jié)句：段尾句作為細(xì)節(jié)句時(shí)，常是對(duì)空前內(nèi)容的補(bǔ)充，或者與空前內(nèi)容是并列、遞進(jìn)、轉(zhuǎn)折或因果關(guān)系。圖解技巧段尾設(shè)空題[聽課記錄]練重點(diǎn)練難點(diǎn)·創(chuàng)新應(yīng)用體驗(yàn)Test1[2022·廣西高三第一次適應(yīng)性測(cè)試]SomepeoplelovethetraditionofsettingagoaloneachJan.1st.__1__ButthereisactuallyalogictojoiningtheNewYear'sresolutiontrend.Ifyouwanttoincreaseyourchancesofstickingtoyour2022NewYear'sresolution,behavioralscientistshavediscoveredafewtechniquesthatcanhelp.·Makeitmeasurable.Anunclear,ill-definedtarget,suchas“getfitter”，isareasonforafailedresolution.Toincreaseyourchancesofsuccess,askyourselfwhatyouconsider“fitter”andhowyoucanachievethis.Abettersolutionmightbe“run5kminXminutes”.__2__Specificgoalsallowyoutotrackprogress,whichinturncanmotivateyou.·Makeitfun.Ifyougetpleasurefromyourworkoutsorstudysessions,researchhasfoundyou'llcarryonlonger.__3__Forexample,onlylettingyourselfdrinkamochalatteduringstudysessionssothereisanattractiontogetyoutothelibrary.·__4__Ensuringyou'llfacesomepunishmentifyoudon'tachieveyourNewYear'sresolutioncanworkwonders.Oneeasywaytodothisisbytellingafewpeopleaboutyourgoalsoyou'llfeelashamediftheycheckbacklaterandfindyouhaven'tfollowedthrough.·Getalittlehelpfromyourfriends.Spendingtimearoundhighachieverscanpromoteyourownperformance.Ifyourresolutionistorunamarathon,you'dbewisetostarthangingaroundwithfriendswho'vemadeittothefinishinglineandcanshowyouhowit'sdone.__5__Becauseyou'lltendtolearntheirpatternsofbehavior.A．Considerapunishment.B．Figureoutyourresolutionlist.C．You'reextramotivatedtosetyourgoals.D．You'llpickupabitjustbyspendingtimetogether.E．Youcouldevenadddeadlinesforreachingcertainimportantstages.F．Othersargueit'sawasteoftimesincemostresolutionsfailbymid-March.G．Onewaytomakegoingforagoalmorefunistocombineitwithapleasure.Test2[2022·福州高三畢業(yè)班診斷性聯(lián)考]Nomatterwhatyourgoalsareinlife,thereisonegreatlawthatyouneedtoobeyinordertobesuccessful:Nooneelseisgoingtoprovidetheladder(梯子)ofsuccessforyou.__1__Fromthedayyouleaveyourparents'house,youareresponsibleforyourlifeandthechoicesyoumake.Ifyouwantabetterlife,youneedtomakebetterdecisions.__2__However,itdoesn'tchangeanything.Onlyyoucanchangeyourlifebychangingthechoicesyoumake.Takeresponsibilityforeverythinginyourlife.Evenifit'snotinyourdirectcontrol,youcanalwayschoosehowyourespond.__3__Ifyouchoosewhatisfunandeasyoverwhatisnecessary,youwillneverreachthelevelsofsuccessandhappinessyouarecapableofachievinginyourlife.That'sbecauseeverygreatvictoryrequiresgreatsacrifice.Ifsuccesswereeasy,everybodywouldbesuccessful.Thereisnothingthatyoucan'tachievewithhardwork.Peopleoftenthinkthattheirliveswillsuddenlychangethroughsomemagicaleventinthefuture.__4__Yourlifechangesonlytotheextentthatyouchange.Nothingwilleverchangeifyoudon'tchangewhatyoudodaily.Agreatwaytoactivelycreateyourfutureistoaskyourself:IfIalreadyachievedmygoals,howwouldIactonadailybasis?WhatbookswouldIread,howoftenwouldIworkout,andhowwouldIspendmytimeattheoffice?__5__A．Butthatisnotthecase.B．Nooneelseisresponsibleforyourlife.C．Nowthesequestionsseemlikemagictoyou.D．Nothingelsecanbethedriveforyoursuccess.E.Onceyouanswerthesequestions,youknowwhattodo.F．Thebiggestenemytosuccessistakingthepathofleastresistance.G．Youcanblameotherpeopleforyourlackofhappinessalllifelong.[答題區(qū)]Test1.1～5________________Test2.1～5________________第二講補(bǔ)全“首、中、尾”，準(zhǔn)解七選五清迷點(diǎn)掃盲點(diǎn)提升審題能力技法1答案：1.D2.F技法2答案：E技法3答案：F練重點(diǎn)練難點(diǎn)創(chuàng)新應(yīng)用體驗(yàn)Test1語(yǔ)篇類型：說(shuō)明文主題語(yǔ)境：人與自我——工作與學(xué)習(xí)——新年計(jì)劃【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文介紹了關(guān)于制訂新年計(jì)劃的幾條建議，包括制訂明確的目標(biāo)、制訂有趣的目標(biāo)、仔細(xì)考慮無(wú)法實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)的懲戒措施等。1．答案與解析：F根據(jù)下句“Butthereisactually...resolutiontrend”可知，制訂新年計(jì)劃是有理可循的。由But可知，空處與此相反，一些人會(huì)認(rèn)為制訂新年計(jì)劃是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間?！?..areasonforafailedresolution”也是提示。故選F項(xiàng)。2．答案與解析：E根據(jù)上句“Abettersolutionmightbe‘run5km