七年級(jí)英語(yǔ) 人教版下冊(cè)Unit 3 How do you get to school學(xué)案

/七年級(jí)英語(yǔ)人教版下冊(cè)Unit3Howdoyougettoschool?一、學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)1.學(xué)習(xí)如何到達(dá)某地,掌握句型：—Howdoyougettoschool?—Iwalk.—HowdoesMarygettoschool?—Shetakesthesubway.2.能談?wù)撊ツ车氐姆绞健⒕嚯x、花費(fèi)的時(shí)間。二、重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)重點(diǎn)：1.單詞：ride,hundred,drive,live,cross,many,villager,afraid,like,leave,dream2.短語(yǔ)：takethesubway,everyday,thinkof,one11-year-oldboy,between…and…,cometrue3.句型：1〕Howfarisitfromyourhometoschool?從你家到學(xué)校多遠(yuǎn)？2〕Howlongdoesittakeyoutogettoschool?到達(dá)學(xué)?；ㄙM(fèi)你多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間？3〕Marywantstoknowwhathethinksofthetrip.瑪麗想知道他對(duì)這次旅行的看法。4〕Formanystudents,itiseasytogettoschool.對(duì)許多學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō),到校很容易。5〕Thereisabigriverbetweentheirschoolandthevillage.在他們的學(xué)校和村莊之間有一條大河。難點(diǎn)：How引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句。一、單詞領(lǐng)讀ridev.騎n.旅程drivev.開(kāi)車(chē)livev.居住crossv.橫過(guò)；越過(guò)leavev.離開(kāi)dreamv.做夢(mèng)n.夢(mèng)想；睡夢(mèng)manyadj.&pron.許多afraidadj.害怕；畏懼hundrednum.百villagern.村民likeprep.像；怎么樣二、重點(diǎn)單詞【單詞學(xué)習(xí)】☆1.ridev.騎n.旅程【用法】作動(dòng)詞時(shí),常構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)：rideabike騎自行車(chē)；rideahorse騎馬【例句】Canyourideahorse?你會(huì)騎馬嗎？Thebusrideislong.公交車(chē)車(chē)程很長(zhǎng)?！究碱}鏈接】Hegoestoschoolbybike.〔同義句轉(zhuǎn)換〕He________________toschool.答案：ridesabike☆☆2.hundrednum.一百【用法】hundred前有基數(shù)詞時(shí),hundred不用復(fù)數(shù)形式,且后面也不用of。hundred前沒(méi)有基數(shù)詞時(shí),hundred用復(fù)數(shù)形式,后面加of,構(gòu)成hundredsof。【例句】Eighthundredworkersareinthefactory.八百名工人在這個(gè)工廠(chǎng)里。Hundredsofpeoplelosttheirhomesintheearthquake.數(shù)百人在地震中失去了家園。【考題鏈接】Thereare______ofstudentsinourschoolbutonly_____ofthemaregirls.A.hundreds;twohundred B.hundred;twohundredsC.hundreds;twohundreds D.hundred;twohundred答案：A思路分析：hundredsofstudents意為“數(shù)百名學(xué)生〞；two是基數(shù)詞,因此hundred用原形。句中第二個(gè)空格后的of意為“的〞,并非twohundredsof,應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。句意為“我們學(xué)校有數(shù)百名學(xué)生,但其中只有二百名是女生。〞☆3.drivev.開(kāi)車(chē)【用法】可以與介詞短語(yǔ)bycar轉(zhuǎn)換?！纠洹縄candrive,buthecan’t.我會(huì)開(kāi)車(chē),但是他不會(huì)。Hedrivestoschool.=Hegoestoschoolbycar.他開(kāi)車(chē)去上學(xué)?！究碱}鏈接】翻譯：我們開(kāi)車(chē)去播送電臺(tái)吧。Let’s___________theradiostation.答案：driveto☆☆4.livev.居住；生活【用法1】livevi.居住,是不及物動(dòng)詞,后接賓語(yǔ)時(shí)要借助于介詞at或in。通常較小的地方用at；較大的地方用in。【例句】HelivesatNo.5Street,ShunzhiDistrict.他住在順治區(qū)五號(hào)街。WeliveinJinan.我們住在濟(jì)南?！咀⒁狻縧ive后接here,there時(shí),那么不加介詞at或in?！纠洹縏heylivethere.他們住在那兒?！居梅?】livevt.過(guò)……的生活,是及物動(dòng)詞,后面接賓語(yǔ)?！纠洹縓iaoShenyanglivesahappylife.小沈陽(yáng)過(guò)著幸福的生活?！就卣埂縧ivevi.活著,是不及物動(dòng)詞,后面不接賓語(yǔ)?！纠洹縎helivedtobe100.她活了100歲。【注意】live的第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式是lives,讀作；life是名詞,意為“生活；生命〞,它的復(fù)數(shù)形式是lives,讀作?！究碱}鏈接】NowI_____inChina.Pleasewriteandtellmeaboutyour_____inAmerica.A.live;liveB.life;lifeC.live;lifeD.life;live答案：C思路分析：第一個(gè)空格在句中作謂語(yǔ),故用動(dòng)詞live；your是形容詞性物主代詞,后接名詞。句意為“現(xiàn)在我住在中國(guó)。請(qǐng)寫(xiě)信告訴我關(guān)于你在美國(guó)的生活〞?！睢?.crossv.橫過(guò)；越過(guò)【例句】Theycrosstheriverbyboat.他們乘小舟過(guò)了河?！就卣埂縜crossprep.過(guò)；穿過(guò),強(qiáng)調(diào)從外表穿過(guò)。walk/goacross=cross【例句】Walkacrosstheroadcarefully.小心地穿過(guò)道路?！究碱}鏈接】—Whereisthepark?—Walkonand_____thebridge.You’llseeit.A.crossB.rideC.swimD.run答案：A思路分析：A項(xiàng)意為“穿過(guò)〞；B項(xiàng)意為“騎〞；C項(xiàng)意為“游泳〞；D項(xiàng)意為“跑〞；根據(jù)句意“一直往前走,穿過(guò)一座橋。你就會(huì)看到它。〞可知用cross與bridge搭配適宜?！睢?.manyadj.&pron.許多【用法1】作形容詞,修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。相當(dāng)于lotsof/alotof?！纠洹縄havemanybooks.我有許多書(shū)。【用法2】作代詞時(shí),其后常與of短語(yǔ)連用,在句中作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)?！纠洹縈anyofthebooksarenew.許多書(shū)本都是新的?！就卣埂縨uch許多,后接不可數(shù)名詞?！纠洹縎hehasmuchworktodo.她有許多工作要做?！究碱}鏈接】______thebananastastegood.A.Many B.MuchC.Manyof D.Muchof答案：C思路分析：thebananas是復(fù)數(shù),故排除much；many后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),中間不加冠詞,故A項(xiàng)是錯(cuò)誤的；manyofthebananas中,many是代詞,作句子的主語(yǔ),正確。7.villagern.村民【用法】復(fù)數(shù)形式為：villagers?！纠洹縏hevillagersinthevillageareveryfriendly.這個(gè)村子的村民很友好。【拓展】villagen.村莊；村子IliveinasmallvillageandIloveitverymuch.我住在一個(gè)小村莊里,我非常愛(ài)它?！究碱}鏈接】Many______cometohelptheboyintheriver.A.villageB.villagesC.villagersD.villager答案：C思路分析：根據(jù)“來(lái)幫助河中的小男孩〞可知是許多“村民〞,many后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)。A,B兩項(xiàng)意為“村莊〞；D項(xiàng)是名詞“村民〞的單數(shù)形式?！睢?.afraidadj.害怕；畏懼【用法】〔1〕beafraidofsth.害怕某物〔2〕beafraidofdoingsth.害怕做某事〔3〕beafraidtodosth.害怕去做某事〔4〕beafraidthat…擔(dān)憂(yōu)……；恐怕……,是一種委婉的語(yǔ)氣?！纠洹縎he’safraidofdogs.她害怕狗。He’safraidofswimming.他害怕游泳。I’mafraidtospeakinclass.我害怕在課堂上發(fā)言。I’mafraidthatImustgonow.恐怕我現(xiàn)在必須得走了?！究碱}鏈接】Someofthegirlsareafraid____inclass.A.tosingB.singingC.tosingingD.sing答案：A思路分析：beafraid后可接ofsth./doingsth./todosth.,也可接由that引導(dǎo)的從句,句中的sing是動(dòng)詞,所以可用ofsinging或tosing的形式,只有A項(xiàng)適宜。9.likeprep.像；怎么樣【用法】常構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)belike,looklike；其反義詞為unlike,意為“不像〞?！纠洹縎heislikeherfatherverymuch.她非常像她爸爸。Itlookslikerain.天看起來(lái)要下雨。Whatdidshelooklike?她長(zhǎng)什么樣子？【拓展】〔1〕likev.喜歡；愛(ài)好,其反義詞是dislike。其后接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞、動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)?！?〕likedoing表示習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作；liketodo表示一次性的動(dòng)作或未正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。【例句】Ilikeplayingtheguitar.我喜歡彈吉他。Myfatherlikestotalkwithmyteacher.我爸爸喜歡和我老師談話(huà)。【考題鏈接】Allan_____sports,______swimming.A.like;likeB.likes;likesC.like;likesD.likes;like答案：D思路分析：瀏覽題干可知第一空在句中作謂語(yǔ),故用動(dòng)詞like；Allan是第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù),故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單三形式likes;swimming是sports的一種,故第二空用介詞like,意為“像〞。句意為“艾倫喜歡體育,像游泳〞。☆☆10.leavev.離開(kāi)【例句】Thebusleavesat8am.公共汽車(chē)上午八點(diǎn)出發(fā)?！就卣埂俊?〕leavefor動(dòng)身去某地〔2〕leavev.遺忘；留下,常構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)leavesth.somewhere把某物忘在某地〔3〕leaven.假期【例句】HewantstoleaveforShanghai.他想動(dòng)身去上海。Ileftmykeysathome.我把我的鑰匙忘在家中了。Shehastwomonths’leaveeveryyear.她每年有兩個(gè)月的假期。11.dreamn.夢(mèng)想；睡夢(mèng)v.做夢(mèng)【例句】Idreamedagooddreamlastnight.昨天晚上我做了一個(gè)好夢(mèng)?！就卣埂縟reamof/about夢(mèng)想；夢(mèng)想；向往,of/about是介詞,后接名詞或動(dòng)詞的-ing形式?！纠洹縃edreamsofbecominganactor.他一心想當(dāng)演員?！究碱}鏈接】Heoften____becomingascientistinthefuture.A.getsupB.getstoC.dreamsofD.looksat答案：C思路分析：A項(xiàng)意為“起床〞；B項(xiàng)意為“到達(dá)〞；C項(xiàng)意為“夢(mèng)想〞；D項(xiàng)意為“看……〞；句意為“他經(jīng)常夢(mèng)想未來(lái)當(dāng)一名科學(xué)家〞?！炯磳W(xué)即練】根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示完成句子1.Thetrain______〔旅程〕takesaboutfourhours.2.He______〔開(kāi)車(chē)〕toworkeveryday.3.Mygrandmother______〔居住〕inasmallvillage.4.Hecantellustwo______〔百〕stories.5.Ihave______〔許多〕friends.6.The______〔村民〕livefarfromthecity.7.Howcanhe______〔越過(guò)〕theriver?8.Whendoyou______〔離開(kāi)〕forBeijing?9.Theboyis______〔害怕〕tomeetnewpeople.10.Inhis______〔睡夢(mèng)〕,heridesawhitehorse.答案：1.ride2.drives3.lives4.hundred5.many6.villagers7.cross8.leave9.afraid10.dream三、重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)【短語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)】☆☆1.takethesubway乘地鐵【用法】take+a/the+交通工具,表示“使用某種交通工具〞,在句中作謂語(yǔ)。【例句】It’sfarfromhere.Let’stakeataxi.它離這兒遠(yuǎn)。咱們乘出租車(chē)吧。LiLeioftentakesaplanetoGuangzhou.李雷經(jīng)常乘飛機(jī)去廣州?！就卣埂縝y+交通工具,表示“使用某種交通工具〞,在句中作狀語(yǔ)。【例句】Wegotoschoolbyschoolbus.我們乘校車(chē)去上學(xué)?！究碱}鏈接】Iusuallygotowork______car.ButtodayIwantto____thetraintowork.A.by;byB.by;takeC.take;byD.take;take答案：B思路分析：前句有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,故“乘小汽車(chē)〞用bycar；后句中to后接動(dòng)詞原形,故用take?！睢?.everyday每天【用法】在句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)?！纠洹縒ewatchTVeveryday.我們天天看電視?！就卣埂縠verydayadj.日常的；每日的,是形容詞,在句中作定語(yǔ)?！纠洹縀verydayEnglishisnotdifficult.日常英語(yǔ)不難?！究碱}鏈接】Studentslearn____English____.A.everyday;everyday B.everyday;everydayC.everyday;everyday D.everyday;everyday答案：D思路分析：English是名詞“英文〞,其前用形容詞修飾,故排除A,C兩項(xiàng)；句意為“學(xué)生們每天學(xué)習(xí)日常英語(yǔ)。〞故后一個(gè)空用everyday,排除B項(xiàng)。3.thinkof認(rèn)為【用法】of是介詞,其后可接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)詞的-ing形式。相當(dāng)于thinkabout。【例句】Whatdoyouthinkofthefood?你認(rèn)為這食物怎樣？【考題鏈接】翻譯：他認(rèn)為那俱樂(lè)部怎么樣？What______he____________theclub?答案：does;thinkof/about☆☆4.one11-year-oldboy一個(gè)11歲的男孩【用法】11-year-old11歲的,作前置定語(yǔ),修飾名詞?！皵?shù)詞+名詞〔單數(shù)形式〕+形容詞〞是復(fù)合形容詞,中間加連字符?！纠洹縏hisisanine-year-oldboy.這是一位九歲的小男孩。【拓展】數(shù)詞+名詞〔復(fù)數(shù)形式〕+形容詞,中間不加連字符,作表語(yǔ)?！纠洹縏heclassroomis15meterslong.這教室15米長(zhǎng)?！究碱}鏈接】Ihave_______sister.A.a8-year-oldB.a8yearsoldC.an8-year-oldD.an8yearsold答案：C思路分析：sister是名詞,故其前用復(fù)合形容詞修飾,即中間加連字符；8〔eight〕的首音素是元音,故其前用an修飾。選項(xiàng)C正確。句意為“我有一個(gè)八歲的妹妹〞。5.between…and…在……和……之間【用法】著重指兩者之間；between和and之間的兩者可以是兩個(gè)人,也可以是兩個(gè)不同的物或兩個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)。between后接人稱(chēng)代詞時(shí)要用賓格形式?！纠洹縃esitsbetweenyouandme.他坐在你和我之間。Theshopopensbetween8a.m.and5p.m..商店在上午8點(diǎn)和下午5點(diǎn)之間營(yíng)業(yè)?！究碱}鏈接】Don’ttellanybodyaboutit,keepit_____youandme.A.withB.inC.betweenD.next答案：C思路分析：with表示“和；與〞；in表示“在……范圍中〞；between表示“在兩者之間〞；next表示“緊靠……的旁邊〞。在youandme之間用between。6.cometrue實(shí)現(xiàn)；成為現(xiàn)實(shí)【例句】Hisdreamcametrueatlast.他的夢(mèng)想最終實(shí)現(xiàn)了?！究碱}鏈接】翻譯：我的夢(mèng)想能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)的。My______can____________.答案：dream;cometrue【即學(xué)即練】英漢互譯1.everyday__________ 2.在……和……之間______________3.everyday__________ 4.認(rèn)為_(kāi)__________5.looklike__________ 6.實(shí)現(xiàn)；成為現(xiàn)實(shí)__________7.takethebus_______ 8.一個(gè)八歲的女孩__________答案：1.每天2.between…and…3.每天的；日常的4.thinkof/about5.看起來(lái)像6.cometrue7.乘公共汽車(chē)8.an8-year-oldgirl四、重點(diǎn)句型【句型學(xué)習(xí)】1.Howfarisitfromyourhometoschool?從你家到學(xué)校多遠(yuǎn)？【句析】本句是一個(gè)由howfar引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句。【考點(diǎn)】howfar多遠(yuǎn),用來(lái)對(duì)距離進(jìn)行提問(wèn),原句可改為：Howfarisyourhomefromschool?你家離學(xué)校多遠(yuǎn)？【考題鏈接】—Howfarisitfromtheparktothelibrary?—It’s_______.A.fiveminuteswalk B.anhourfromhereC.threekilometersfar D.aboutonehundredmetersaway答案：D思路分析：時(shí)間作定語(yǔ)要用所有格形式,排除A項(xiàng)；B項(xiàng)沒(méi)說(shuō)清方式；far不能與具體的數(shù)量詞搭配,故C項(xiàng)也不正確；away可與具體的數(shù)量詞搭配。句意為“—從公園到圖書(shū)館多遠(yuǎn)？—大約一百米遠(yuǎn)。〞2.Howlongdoesittakeyoutogettoschool?到達(dá)學(xué)校花費(fèi)你多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間？【句析】本句是由howlong引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句?！究键c(diǎn)】takev.花費(fèi)〔時(shí)間〕,常用句式為：Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.意為“做某事花費(fèi)某人多少時(shí)間〞。it是形式主語(yǔ),動(dòng)詞不定式是真正的主語(yǔ)?！纠洹縃owlongwillittakeyoutofinishthework?完成這項(xiàng)工作將花費(fèi)你多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間？【拓展】〔1〕takev.拿走；帶走takesth.tosb.把某物帶給某人takesb.tosomewhere.把某人帶到某地〔2〕takev.買(mǎi)下〔3〕takev.服用〔藥物〕【例句】Pleasetakesomeorangestome.請(qǐng)帶給我一些橙子。I’lltakethissweater.我要買(mǎi)下這件毛衣。Takethismedicineandhaveagoodrest.吃下這藥并好好休息?！究碱}鏈接】Ittakesmetwohours______myhomework.A.doB.todoingC.finishD.tofinish答案：D思路分析：此題考查Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.即：做某事花費(fèi)某人多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。其后用動(dòng)詞不定式。瀏覽各選項(xiàng),只有D項(xiàng)適宜。3.Marywantstoknowwhathethinksofthetrip.瑪麗想知道他對(duì)這次旅行的看法?！揪湮觥勘揪涫且粋€(gè)含有賓語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句。whathethinksofthetrip作know的賓語(yǔ)。在賓語(yǔ)從句中,語(yǔ)序用陳述句語(yǔ)序,即主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)的順序?！纠洹緿oyouknowwhathelikesforlunch?你知道他午飯喜歡吃什么嗎？Pleasetellmewhenhegetsupinthemorning.請(qǐng)告訴我他早上什么時(shí)候起床?！究碱}鏈接】—Doyouknow________?—OnMarch22nd.A.whenistheWorldWaterDay B.whereistheWorldWaterDayC.whentheWorldWaterDayis D.wheretheWorldWaterDayis答案：C思路分析：根據(jù)答語(yǔ)中的時(shí)間可知問(wèn)句是由when引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句；在賓語(yǔ)從句中,語(yǔ)序用陳述句語(yǔ)序,應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)。4.Formanystudents,itiseasytogettoschool.對(duì)許多學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō),到校很容易。【句析】本句是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句。句中使用了句型：It’s+adj.+todosth.做某事是……的。其中it是形式主語(yǔ),真正的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)詞不定式。【例句】It’srelaxingtowatchTV.看電視是很令人放松的?！就卣埂俊?〕Itis+adj.+〔forsb.〕+todosth表示“對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)做某事怎樣〞。〔2〕It’s+adj.+〔ofsb.〕+todosth.表示“某人做某事是怎樣的〞?！纠洹縄t’snoteasyforyoutostudyEnglishwell.對(duì)你來(lái)說(shuō)學(xué)好英語(yǔ)是不容易的。It’sniceofyoutohelpme.你來(lái)幫助我真是太好了?！究碱}鏈接】It’snoteasy______well.A.swimB.toswimC.swimsD.swimming答案：B思路分析：瀏覽題干可知it是形式主語(yǔ),真正的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)詞不定式。故B項(xiàng)正確。5.Thereisabigriverbetweentheirschoolandthevillage.在他們的學(xué)校和村莊之間有一條大河?！揪湮觥勘揪鋵賢herebe句型?！究键c(diǎn)】〔1〕表示“某地存在某人/物〞,它的構(gòu)成形式一般為T(mén)hereare／is＋某物／人＋地點(diǎn)。它既可以表示某地方有什么東西,也可以表示某地方有什么人?！?〕be的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于其后的主語(yǔ),單數(shù)主語(yǔ)用is,復(fù)數(shù)主語(yǔ)全用are；如為并列主語(yǔ),be隨第一主語(yǔ)變,即就近原那么?！纠洹縏herearemanystudentsintheclassroom.教室里有很多學(xué)生。Thereisanappleonthedesk.桌子上有個(gè)蘋(píng)果。Thereisapenandtwoerasersonthedesk.課桌上有一支鋼筆和兩塊橡皮。Therearetwoerasersandapenonthedesk.課桌上有兩塊橡皮和一支鋼筆?！究碱}鏈接】There_____ahotel,aschoolandtwoshopsonthestreet.A.isB.areC.haveD.has答案：A思路分析：瀏覽題干可知句意為“在這條街上有一家旅館、一所學(xué)校和兩家商店〞。表示某地存在某物,故用therebe句型；如為并列主語(yǔ),be隨第一個(gè)主語(yǔ)改變,即就近原那么。ahotel是第一個(gè)主語(yǔ),是單數(shù),故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式is?！炯磳W(xué)即練】Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)選擇1.______isimportantforallofustotakeexercise.A.This B.That C.It D.One2.—______isitfromheretoyourhome?—It’sabout10kilometers.A.How B.Howlong C.Howfar D.Howmuch3.Howlongdoesittakeyou______theriver?A.cross B.tocross C.crossing D.crosses4.Iwanttoknow_________.A.whoteachesyoumath B.whodoesteachyoumathC.whoteachesyourmath D.whodoesteachyourmathⅡ.用be的正確形式填空1.There______someapplesonthetab