高考英語虛擬語氣（共18張）

SubjunctivemoodItloosasifHarryPotterwereagrown-upIsheagrown-upIwisheverydaywereSundayIseverydaySunday這種表示假定、想象、愿望等的非事實(shí)觀念的語氣就叫虛擬語氣。英語的語氣分三大類：陳述語氣：用來敘述一件事實(shí)。祈使語氣：表達(dá)說話人的請(qǐng)求或命令。虛擬語氣：表示說話人的愿望,假設(shè),猜測(cè)或建議,而不是表示客觀存在的事實(shí)。虛擬語氣在各種句式中的用法:一用于條件狀語從句1、真實(shí)條件句和虛擬條件句真實(shí)條件句：IfIhavetime,IshallwillgotoseeyouIfyoumove,I’llshootyou虛擬條件句:IfIwereabird,IwouldflythereIfIwereastudent,Iwoulddoit從句主句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反與過去事實(shí)相反與將來事實(shí)相反If主語動(dòng)詞過去式（be動(dòng)詞一律用were主語would/should/could/might動(dòng)詞原形If主語had過去分詞主語would/should/could/mighthave過去分詞動(dòng)詞的過去式或should/wereto動(dòng)詞原形主語would/should/could/might動(dòng)詞原形2、虛擬語氣在條件句中的用法egIfIwereyou,IshouldstudyEnglishIfhehadtime,hewouldattendthemeetingIfyouhadcomeyesterday,youwouldhavemethimIfyoucametomorrow,wewouldhavethemeetingIfitwereto/shouldraintomorrow,themeetingwouldbeputoff（1）當(dāng)條件狀語從句的行為和主句表示的行為所發(fā)生的時(shí)間不一致時(shí)，動(dòng)詞的形式要根據(jù)它所表示的時(shí)間來調(diào)整。混合時(shí)間條件句egIfyouhadfollowedthedoctor’sadvice,youwouldbequiteallrightnow從句指過去,主句指現(xiàn)在IfIhadsyesterday,Ishouldnowwhattodonow注意（2）從句省略if,用倒裝句式“were,had,should主語”egWereIinschoolagain,IwouldworharderHadyoubeenhereearlier,youwouldhaveseenhimShouldtherebeameetingtomorrow,Iwouldcome注意3含蓄條件句：虛擬條件暗含在介詞短語或上下文中，從句不表現(xiàn)出來。egIcouldnevergotocollegewithouthishelpButfor要不是yourhelp,weshouldhavefailedIwouldhavevisitedyoulastwee,butIwassobusy=IfIhadnotbeensobusy,…注意=Iftherewerenothishelp…=Ifithadnotbeenforyourhelp…ButthatIsaw,Iwouldn’thavebelievedit=IfIhadn’tseenit…IwasillthatdayOtherwiseIwouldhavecome=IfIhadn’tbeenillthatday,Iwouldhavecome4特殊結(jié)構(gòu)的條件句Ifitwerenotfor…egIfitwerenotforhishelp,IcouldnevergotocollegeIfithadnotbeenforyourhelp,weshouldhavefailed“如果沒有…”,表示同現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)Ifithadnotbeenfor…“如果當(dāng)時(shí)沒有”,與過去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)注意5Ifonly…“要是…多好呀”引導(dǎo)的感嘆句egIfonlyIhadtaenhisadvice!我要是聽他的話就好了!IfonlyIhadwings!Ifonly主語過去完成（與過去相反）過去式（與現(xiàn)在或?qū)硐喾矗┳⒁鈏twouldhavebeenbetter二）wish引導(dǎo)的賓語從句

從句動(dòng)詞的虛擬語氣形式wish引導(dǎo)的賓語從句1與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反:過去式be多用were2與過去事實(shí)相反:had過去分詞3與將來事實(shí)相反:would動(dòng)詞原形egIwisheveryonewereactiveinthelessonIwishIhaddonebetterinthemid-termeamIwishthatyouwouldgetagoodjob三幾種常用虛擬語氣的句型:

句型動(dòng)詞的虛擬語氣形式

1動(dòng)詞賓語從句一個(gè)堅(jiān)持:insist堅(jiān)持應(yīng)該/做…兩個(gè)命令:order,command三個(gè)建議:suggest,propose,advise四個(gè)要求:desire,demand,as,require賓語從句中用should動(dòng)詞原形2與上述動(dòng)詞相對(duì)應(yīng)的名詞如：suggestion,order,mand,request等后接的表語從句/同位語從句。表語從句,同位語從句中用should動(dòng)詞原形三幾種常用虛擬語氣的句型:

句型動(dòng)詞的虛擬語氣形式

is/was上述動(dòng)詞的過去分詞suggested,demanded等）that主語從句主語從句中用should動(dòng)詞原形主語從句中用should動(dòng)詞原形4Itis/wasadj/n如：ime,nowonder,desirable注意:insist作“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”，“堅(jiān)持說”解，suggest表示“表明”，“暗示”時(shí)，賓語從句不用虛擬語氣，用陳述語氣。insistedthathehadneverstolenanythingWeinsistedthatsheshouldgowithusJane’sedicaleamination四asif/though引導(dǎo)的狀語從句注：asif/though表示“有可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的事實(shí)”時(shí)，從句用陳述語氣。issocloudyItloosasifitisgoingtorain

從句動(dòng)詞的虛擬語氣形式asif/though引導(dǎo)的狀語從句1與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反:過去式be多用were2與過去事實(shí)相反:had過去分詞3與將來事實(shí)相反:would動(dòng)詞原