《英漢對(duì)照分子生物學(xué)導(dǎo)論》課件Sample

Nucleicacids:theinformationcarrierInformationformakingproteinsisstoredinnucleicacids.ProteinsNucleicacids(mainlyDNA)Chapter2Nucleicacids2.1PropertiesofaGeneticMaterial2.2NucleicAcidsandDNAstructure2.3DNAastheGeneticMaterial2.4DNAintheCell2.5RNA(RibonucleicAcid)2.6Experiments2.1遺傳物質(zhì)的性質(zhì)2.2核酸與DNA結(jié)構(gòu)2.3DNA作為遺傳物質(zhì)2.4細(xì)胞中的DNA2.5RNA（核糖核酸）2.6實(shí)驗(yàn)研究VocabularyofDay3(1/4)nucleicacidgeneticmaterialinheritnucleotidenitrogenousbasetriphosphatebasephosphateribosedeoxyribose核酸遺傳物質(zhì)遺傳，繼承核苷酸含氮堿基三磷酸（基團(tuán)）堿基磷酸根核糖脫氧核糖VocabularyofDay3(2/4)hydroxylgrouppurineadenineguaninepyrimidinecytosinethymineuracilribonucleotidedeoxyribonucleotide羥基嘌呤腺嘌呤鳥(niǎo)嘌呤嘧啶胞嘧啶胸腺嘧啶尿嘧啶核糖核苷酸脫氧核糖核苷酸VocabularyofDay3(3/4)ribonucleicaciddeoxyribonucleicacidphosphodiesterbondthreeprimeendfiveprimeendsugar-phosphatebackbonesingle-strandedDNAdoublestrandedDNAdoublehelixcomplementary核糖核酸（RNA）脫氧核糖核酸（DNA）磷酸二酯鍵3’末端5’末端糖-磷酸骨架單鏈DNA雙鏈DNA雙螺旋互補(bǔ)的VocabularyofDay3(4/4)anti-parallelbase-stackingmajorgrooveminorgroovenanometerdenaturedenaturationabsorbanceabsorbadsorb反向平行的堿基堆積（DNA）大溝（DNA）小溝納米變性（動(dòng)詞）變性（名詞）吸收（名詞）吸收（動(dòng)詞）吸附2.1PropertiesofaGeneticMaterialItmustbeabletoholdinformationforhowtomakeproteins.Itmustbestable.Itmusthavesomecapacityforchange.Itmustbeabletobecopied.它必須能夠保持如何生產(chǎn)蛋白質(zhì)的信息。它必須是穩(wěn)定的。它必須具有容忍變化的能力。它必須能夠被復(fù)制。Itmustbeabletoholdinformationforhowtomakeproteins

1．它必須能夠保持如何生產(chǎn)蛋白質(zhì)的信息Itmustbestable/2．它必須是穩(wěn)定的Lizard:1,000,000B.C.Lizard:2008A.D.Nochange!Itmustbestable/它必須是穩(wěn)定的Age:15Age:45Age:75Nochange!Nochange!3.Itmusthavesomecapacityforchange

3．它必須具有容忍變化的能力Itmusthavesomecapacityforchange

它必須具有容忍變化的能力MUTAtiOnItmustbeabletobecopied

4．它必須能夠被復(fù)制2.2NucleicAcidsandDNAstructure

2.2核酸與DNA結(jié)構(gòu)2.2.1Nucleotides /2.2.1核苷酸Nucleotidesarecomposedofthreeparts:1)anitrogenousbase,2)asugar,and3)atriphosphate.N-glycosidicbond1)Nitrogenousbase

/含氮堿基2)Sugar/糖Nooxygenhere!Ribonucleotidesanddeoxyribonucleotides

核糖核苷酸與脫氧核糖核苷酸3)Triphosphate

/三磷酸2.2.2GeneralStructureofNucleicAcids

2.2.2核酸的一般結(jié)構(gòu)deoxyribonucleicacid(DNA)ribonucleicacid(RNA)Phosphodiesterbond

/磷酸二酯鍵Threeprimeend

andfiveprimeend

三一撇末端與

五一撇末端Sugar-phosphatebackbone/糖-磷酸骨架NegativechargesNucleosome/核小體Chapter72.2.3StructureofDNA/2.2.3DNA的結(jié)構(gòu)Double-strandedDNAHydrogenbondsBasepair/堿基對(duì)ComplementarybasepairsAntiparallelDNAstrands

反向平行的DNA鏈TheDNAdoubleHelix/DNA雙螺旋MinorgrooveMajorgroove2nanometers1turn=10bases=3.4nanometersBasestackingDenaturationofDNA/DNA變性L(fǎng)ightabsorbancebyDNADNA對(duì)光的吸收λ=260nmλ=260nmssDNAdsDNANowshowing

Macromolecules–NucleicAcidsFile:biophoto7\Life\Macromoleculs–NucleicAcids(3’)Summary/小結(jié)

Chapter2Nucleicacids2.1PropertiesofaGeneticMaterial2.2NucleicAcidsandDNAstructure2.3DNAastheGeneticMaterial2.4DNAintheCell2.5RNA(RibonucleicAcid)2.6Experiments第2章核酸2.1遺傳物質(zhì)的性質(zhì)2.2核酸與DNA結(jié)構(gòu)2.3DNA作為遺傳物質(zhì)2.4細(xì)胞中的DNA2.5RNA（核糖核酸）2.6實(shí)驗(yàn)研究2.1PropertiesofaGeneticMaterial

2.1遺傳物質(zhì)的性質(zhì)Itmustbeabletoholdinformationforhowtomakeproteins.Itmustbestable.Itmusthavesomecapacityforchange.Itmustbeabletobecopied.它必須能夠保持如何生產(chǎn)蛋白質(zhì)的信息。它必須是穩(wěn)定的。它必須具有容忍變化的能力。它必須能夠被復(fù)制。Itmustbeabletoholdinformationforhowtomakeproteins

1．它必須能夠保持如何生產(chǎn)蛋白質(zhì)的信息Itmustbestable/2．它必須是穩(wěn)定的Lizard:1,000,000B.C.Lizard:2005A.D.Nochange!3.Itmusthavesomecapacityforchange

3．它必須具有容忍變化的能力Itmustbeabletobecopied

4．它必須能夠被復(fù)制2.2NucleicAcidsandDNAstructure

2.2核酸與DNA結(jié)構(gòu)2.2.1Nucleotides /2.2.1核苷酸Nucleotidesarecomposedofthreeparts:1)anitrogenousbase,2)asugar,and3)atriphosphate.N-glycosidicbond2.2.2GeneralStructureofNucleicAcids

2.2.2核酸的一般結(jié)構(gòu)deoxyribonucleicacid(DNA)ribonucleicacid(RNA)Phosphodiesterbond

/磷酸二酯鍵Threeprimeend

andfiveprimeend

三一撇末端與

五一撇末端Sugar-phosphatebackbone/糖-磷酸骨架Negativecharges2.2.3StructureofDNA/2.2.3DNA的結(jié)構(gòu)Double-strandedDNAHydr