老高考適用2023高考英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí)第一編教材回眸Unit16Stories北師大版

Unit16Stories晨起第一事背誦經(jīng)典句1．Fromthisstory,weknowourcitywitnessesfourdifferentseasons,plentyofsunshineandgoodrainfall,butinwinteryoumayfeelalittlecold.通過這個(gè)故事，我們了解到我們的城市見證四個(gè)不同的季節(jié)，充足的陽光和充沛的降雨量，但在冬天，你可能會(huì)覺得有點(diǎn)冷。2．Abronzehorseheadsculpture,atreasurefromChina'sOldSummerPalacethatwentmissing160yearsagoreturnedtoitsoriginalpalacehomerecently.最近，160年前流失海外的圓明園馬首銅像正式回歸。3．DublinersisacollectionofshortstoriesbyJamesJoyce,aboutthelifeofIrishmiddleclassatthebeginningofthe20thcentury.《都柏林人》是詹姆斯·喬伊斯的短篇小說集，講述了20世紀(jì)初愛爾蘭中產(chǎn)階級(jí)的生活。4．Fromthisstory,Iamfirmlyconvincedofthesignificanceofhonesty,whichwillcontributetobuildingaharmonioussociety.通過這個(gè)故事，我堅(jiān)信了誠實(shí)的重要性，它將有助于建立一個(gè)和諧的社會(huì)。Ⅰeq\a\vs4\al(核心單詞)(1)fantasy(n.)想象物→fantastic(adj.)空想的；奇異的；極好的(2)abandon(vt.)放棄，遺棄(n.)放縱，盡情→abandoned(adj.)被遺棄的，拋棄的；自我放任的(3)preserve(vt.)保護(hù)，保存→preservation(n.)保護(hù)；維護(hù)→preserver(n.)保護(hù)者(4)witness(v.)目擊(n.)目擊者(5)occur(vi.)發(fā)生→occurrence(n.)發(fā)生(6)particularly(adv.)特別地；特定地，尤其→particular(adj.)特別的(7)loss(n.)遺失，丟失→lose(v.)遺失，丟失→lost(adj.)遺失的，丟失的(8)characteristic(adj.)典型的→character(n.)品質(zhì)；特色；人物；漢字(9)gather(vi.&vt.)聚集(10)sympathy(n.)同情→sympathetic(adj.)同情的；有同情心的(11)burst(vi.)爆炸；沖，闖(12)specific(adj.)特定的；詳細(xì)的(13)significance(n.)重要性，意義→significant(adj.)重要的(14)abnormal(adj.)反常的，不正常的→normal(adj.)正常的(15)origin(n.)起源，開端；出身→original(adj.)原來的，起初的(16)discourage(vt.)使泄氣，使灰心→encourage(vt.)鼓勵(lì)，支持(17)suffering(n.)痛苦，困難→suffer(vt.)遭受，忍受(18)admirable(adj.)令人欽佩的；極佳的→admire(vt.)欽佩，羨慕→admiration(n.)欽佩，贊美(19)restriction(n.)限制，約束→restrict(v.)限制，約束(20)unbearable(adj.)不能忍受的→bear(v.)忍受，容忍(21)troublesome(adj.)引起麻煩的→trouble(n.)麻煩(22)eager(adj.)渴望的，熱衷的→eagerness(n.)渴望，熱情(23)gradual(adj.)逐漸的→gradually(adv.)逐漸地(24)expand(v.)擴(kuò)大，擴(kuò)充→expansion(n.)擴(kuò)大，擴(kuò)充(25)apparent(adj.)明顯的，顯而易見的→apparently(adv.)明顯，顯而易見(26)uncertain(adj.)不確定的→certain(adj.)確定的，肯定的Ⅱeq\a\vs4\al(閱讀單詞)(1)tremble(vi.)顫抖，發(fā)抖(2)awesome(adj.)令人敬畏的(3)architecture(n.)建筑→architect(n.)建筑師(4)authentic(adj.)真實(shí)的，真正的(5)vivid(adj.)生動(dòng)的，逼真的(6)tease(v.)取笑，戲弄(7)superb(adj.)出色的，卓越的(8)severe(adj.)嚴(yán)重的，嚴(yán)厲的(9)stubborn(adj.)倔強(qiáng)的，固執(zhí)的(10)precise(adj.)精確的(11)precious(adj.)寶貴的(12)complex(adj.)復(fù)雜的(13)awkward(adj.)尷尬的(14)tense(adj.)緊張的(15)applaud(v.)鼓掌→applause(n.)喝彩(16)clumsy(adj.)笨拙的[單句語法填空]1.Theballetdancer'sconfidencebuiltup(gradual)asshegainedmoreandmoreexperienceonthestage.答案：gradually2．Withmany(trouble)problems,suchasunemploymentandcrime,remainingtobesolved,thenewmayorseemstobeataloss.答案：troublesome3．Youcan'timaginethe(suffer)theexplorersunderwentduringtheirtripinthehorribledesertwithoutamplewaterandfood.答案：suffering4．SincehewontheNobelPrize,hisfanshavebeen(eager)waitingforhisnewnovelstocomeout.答案：eagerly5．Expertsadvisedthatparentsshould(courage)childrenfromdoinghomeworkbyusingelectronicequipmenttoomuch.答案：discourage6．Thecruelrealitywas(bear)forhim,sohedecidedtogoonabeachvacationtorelaxandthinkaboutwhatheshoulddonext.答案：unbearable7．Itis(certain)whatsideeffectsthemedicinewillbringabout,althoughabouttwothousandpatientshavetakenit.答案：uncertain8．Clients(normal)payfeesinadvance,montly,quarterly,oryearly.答案：normally9．Iamdelightedtohavebeeninvitedtoyourschooltotalktoyouaboutthehistoryand(significant)oftheOlympicGames.答案：significance10．Whenheturnedaround,thepetdog(abandon)byitsownercameintoview.答案：abandoned1.“發(fā)生”一族①occur發(fā)生，出現(xiàn)(相當(dāng)于happen，與to連用意為“想到，突然想起”)②takeplace發(fā)生，舉行(安排好的)③happen偶然發(fā)生④comeabout發(fā)生(多指事情已發(fā)生，但還不知道為什么，常用于疑問句和否定句)⑤breakout發(fā)生，爆發(fā)2．“后綴－age”詞語集合①discourage使泄氣②bandage繃帶③percentage百分比④baggage行李⑤luggage行李⑥shortage短缺⑦postage郵資⑧marriage婚姻⑨advantage優(yōu)點(diǎn)⑩carriage四輪馬車3.“看”遍天下①witness 目擊，目睹②observe 觀察③watch 觀看，關(guān)注④stare(at) 凝視，盯著看⑤glance(at) 匆匆看一眼；一瞥⑥glare(at) 怒視⑦peer 凝視⑧notice注意到，留心1．comeintoview出現(xiàn)2．knocksbover撞倒某人3．onceuponatime從前4．blockout遮住5．inaway從某種程度上說6．onone'sside側(cè)身7．splitup斷絕關(guān)系，使解散8．onthewayto在去……的路上9．payrise增加工資10．nameafter...以……命名11．comeacross偶然遇見12．holdup舉起，阻擋13．counton依靠14．figureout理解，弄清楚15．endup以……結(jié)束，以……告終16．putupwith容忍，忍受17．inparticular特別，尤其18．nowthat既然，由于[選詞填空]putupwith,holdup,blockout,splitup,inparticular,inaway,comeacross,endup,figure...out,name...after...1．AsIwasnolongerabletomytoothache,Iwenttoconsultadentist.答案：putupwith2．I'msorryI'mlate.Iatwork.答案：washeldup3．Itwasagoodconcert—Ienjoyedthelastsong.答案：inparticular4．Overtheyearsshehadtriedherbesttotheterriblememory,butitwasnotaneasytask.答案：blockout5．Beingahugebasketballfan,hewantstohissonJordan.答案：name;after6．KobeBryantprobablycouldhaveachievedmoreifheandShaquilleO'Nealhadnever.答案：splitup7．，I'mgladyoumadethatmistake,foritwillserveasawarningtoyou.答案：Inaway8．ItwaswhenIgotbacktomyapartmentthatIfirstmynewneighbors.答案：cameacross9．Ifyoudon'tunderstandsomething,youmayresearch,study,andtalktootherpeopleuntilyouit.答案：figure;out10．Driverlesscarsmaybeingaformofpublictransportratherthanvehiclesyouown.答案：endup1.“comeinto＋n.”短語小結(jié)①comeintoview看見②comeintouse 開始使用③comeintoeffect/force 生效④comeintofashion 開始流行⑤comeintoservice 投入使用⑥comeintopower/office 上臺(tái)，當(dāng)權(quán)；就職⑦comeintobeing 產(chǎn)生，形成2．name短語集合①byname憑名字；用……的名字②inthenameof 以……的名義；看在……的份上③callone'sname點(diǎn)名④bythenameof名叫……⑤underthename(of)...以……名義；名叫……課文原句句式梳理仿寫訓(xùn)練1.Anotherman,lyingonhisside,looksasifheistryingtogetup.另一個(gè)人側(cè)身躺著看上去好像是在試圖站立起來。(P6)asif“好像……”，引導(dǎo)表語從句，從句謂語可根據(jù)情況使用直陳語氣或虛擬語氣Shelookedshetenyearsyounger.她看起來好像年輕了十歲。2.Ithoughtitstrangethatmyteachercouldnotshowmelove.我感到奇怪的是老師不能告訴我什么是愛。(P11)“動(dòng)詞＋形式賓語it＋賓補(bǔ)＋真正的賓語”結(jié)構(gòu)Sheshewishedtobeginanewlife.她明確表示希望開始自己的新生活。答案：1.asif;were2.madeitclearthat①abandonvt.拋棄，遺棄，離棄；放棄；中止(P5)(1)單句語法填空①Weshouldn'tabandonourselvescomputergames,becausetheymayruinourlife.②Thegirlsjumpedupanddownandwavedtheirarmsabandon.③IneachepisodeofManVs.Wild,Grylls(abandon)inawildareaandhastofindhiswayout.④Heownedafarm,whichlookedalmost(abandon)．答案：①to②with③isabandoned④abandoned(2)單句改錯(cuò)Thelostcarwasfoundabandoninthewoods.答案：abandon→abandoned(1)abandononeselfto...沉溺于……；縱情于……abandon...to...將……遺棄/丟棄給……(2)withabandon放任地；放縱地；縱情地(3)abandonedadj.廢棄的；被遺棄的eq\a\vs4\al(特別提醒)abandon...to.../beabandonedto...中to為介詞，后面接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞。②preserven.保護(hù)區(qū)；專供私人行獵或捕魚的保留區(qū)vt.維護(hù)；保護(hù)；保存；保留(P6)(1)單句語法填空①M(fèi)ostnaturalresourcesarelimited,soweshouldtakeactiontopreservethembeingwasted.②Ithinkthesetraditionalcustomsshould(preserve).③Thecharacterofthetowniswell(preserve)．④Agovernment,whichisresponsibleforsociety,mustgetacrosstoitspeoplehowimportanttheenvironmental(preserve)is.答案：①from②bepreserved③preserved④preservation(2)單句改錯(cuò)Manypeopleareworkinghardtopreservefromtheponies.答案：去掉from(1)preserve...from...保護(hù)……免于……preserveone'sself－respect維護(hù)自尊bewellpreserved保養(yǎng)得好；保存良好(2)preservationn.保護(hù)；保存③witnessn.[C]目擊者，證人vt.目擊，見證(P6)(1)單句語法填空①Inordertofindthewitnessthemurder,thepolicevisitedagreatmanycitizens.②Thepasttwoyears(witness)asharpriseinoilpricewhichaddstotheburdenofautotransportationindustry.答案：①to②haswitnessed(2)單句寫作①Hisgoodhealththesuccessofthetreatment.他身體健康證明這種療法是成功的。②Thematerialhewrotehisabilities.他寫的材料證明了他的能力。答案：①isawitnessto②gives/bearswitnessto(1)witnesstosth是……的跡象；為……作證(2)be(a)witnesstosth目擊、看見(某事發(fā)生)bear/givewitnesstosth 為……作證；證明eq\a\vs4\al(特別提醒)英語中，動(dòng)詞see,witness,find,notice,say,discover,observe等的主語可以是地點(diǎn)名詞、時(shí)間名詞，這是一種擬人修辭法。④occurvi.發(fā)生；出現(xiàn)(P6)(1)單句語法填空①RalphW.Emersonwouldalwayswritedownnewideasthatoccurredhim.②Isupposedidn'toccurtoyoutophonethepolice.③Jackwasworkinginthelabwhenthepowercut(occur)．答案：①to②it③occurred(2)句型轉(zhuǎn)換Itdidnotoccurtousthatwalkingwasahardship.→Itdidn'tusthatwalkingwasahardship.→Itdidn'tusthatwalkingwasahardship.→Theideathatwalkingwasahardshipdidn't.答案：strike;hit;occurtous(1)sthoccurstosb某人想起某事Itoccurstosbthat... 某人突然想起……Itoccurstosbtodosth 某人想到要做某事(2)occurrencen.發(fā)生(3)其他表示“某人突然想到……”的結(jié)構(gòu)：sthstrikessbItstrikessbthat...Ithitssbthat...eq\a\vs4\al(特別提醒)(1)以上表示“某人突然想到……”的結(jié)構(gòu)不能以人作主語，其主語是想到的事物，或用it作形式主語。(2)occur“發(fā)生”，不可用于進(jìn)行時(shí)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)。⑤sympathyn.同情，同情心；贊同，支持(P6)(1)單句語法填空IhavenosympathyJane;it'sallherownfault.答案：for(2)單句寫作①Iherbecauseshebroughtupthechildrenonherown.我同情她，因?yàn)樗?dú)自把孩子們撫養(yǎng)成人。②WillardismanyGreenPartyissues.威拉德對許多綠黨的議題表示支持。答案：①feel/havesympathyfor②insympathywithfeel/havesympathyforsb 同情某人havenosympathyforsb 不同情某人(認(rèn)為某人是自作自受)outofsympathywith 不支持，不贊同insympathywith 支持，贊同⑥burstvi.爆炸；沖，闖n.爆炸；爆發(fā)；突發(fā)(P7)(1)單句寫作①ItwassoterriblethatI(突然……起來)crying.②Hearingthis,thewholeclass(突然……起來)laughterandmydeskmate'sfaceturnedred.答案：①burstout②burstinto(2)句型轉(zhuǎn)換Idon'tknowwhatitwasinthenovelthatmadehimburstintotears.→Idon'tknowwhatitwasinthenovelthatmadehim.答案：burstoutcrying(1)burstintosth突然爆發(fā)burstout突然大聲叫喊；突然……起來eq\b\lc\\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(burstintotears/laughter,burstoutcrying/laughing))突然大哭/大笑起來burstin/into突然闖入(2)aburstof...爆發(fā)；一陣⑦eageradj.(多作表語)渴望的，殷切的，熱心的(P11)單句語法填空①Shewaseager(do)moreforhercountry.②Duetopopulardemand,awritingprojectwillbestartedfor(eager)beginners.③Poorasshewas,shewaseagerattention;thusshehadtothinkofborrowingsomejewelstoshowoffattheparty.答案：①todo②eager③for(1)beeagerforsth急切想要得到某物beeagertodosth急切想要做某事(2)eagernessn.渴望(3)eagerlyadv.渴望地，熱切地eq\a\vs4\al(特別提醒)表示渴望做某事或渴望得到某物的常用短語還有：(1)long/desire/bedyingtodosth渴望做某事(2)long/desire/bedyingforsth渴望得到某物⑧expandvt.使變大；伸展；闡述vi.擴(kuò)大；擴(kuò)充(P11)(1)單句語法填空①Oneofthepurposesoftheprojectis(expand)thehabitatforanimals.②Youmentionedtheneedforextrafunding;couldyouexpandthat,please?答案：①toexpand②on/upon(2)單句寫作①Hewassoeagerto(擴(kuò)大他的農(nóng)場)．②Theteacheraskedstudents(將一句話擴(kuò)展成一個(gè)故事)．答案：①expandhisfarm②toexpandasentenceintoastoryexpand...into把……擴(kuò)展/發(fā)展/膨脹成expandon/upon進(jìn)一步闡述；詳談expandby增加/膨脹了多少……①comeintoview出現(xiàn)，被看見，進(jìn)入視野(P5)單句寫作①Thesupermarketasweturnedthecorner.我們一拐彎就看見了那個(gè)超市。②Thenewgovernmentwillnextmonth.新政府將于下月開始執(zhí)政。③Thenewlycapturedimagescontributetohelpingscientiststounderstandhowsomestars.最近捕捉到的畫像有助于幫助科學(xué)家理解一些恒星是如何形成的。答案：①cameintoview②comeintopower③cameintobeingcomeintosight 進(jìn)入視野comeintopower 開始執(zhí)政/當(dāng)權(quán)comeintouse 開始使用comeintobeing/existence 產(chǎn)生，形成eq\a\vs4\al(特別提醒)comeintoview不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)，其主語是出現(xiàn)的人或事物。②knock...over撞倒……；撞翻……(P5)單句寫作①Ithebucketandthewaterpoured(out)alloverthefloor.我打翻了水桶，水灑了一地。②byacar,hespentaweekinthehospital.被車子撞倒后，他在醫(yī)院里度過了一星期。③TheAmericanteaminthefirstround.美國隊(duì)在首輪就被淘汰出局。答案：①knockedover②Havingbeenknockeddown/over③wasknockedoutknockat/on敲knockdown 撞倒在地；拆毀，拆除knockintosb 撞到某人身上knockout 使某人失去知覺；淘汰③inaway從某種程度上來說，有幾分(P6)單句寫作①Tomwasveryanxiousaboutthecomingexamandtoldmeworriedly,“(在某種程度上),IsupposeI'mfrightenedoffailing.”②It'scertainthatweare(在路上)tohavingacleanandbeautifulhomeinthefuturebecausesomespecialprojectsareunderwaytoprotecttheenvironment.③Hereadsthetextseverymorning.(用這種方法)heisabletorecitethem.④Childrenoftenlearnreading(憑借)pictures.答案：①inaway②ontheway③Inthisway④bywayof(1)alltheway一直……；自始至終inanyway無論如何，在任何情況下innoway決不，一點(diǎn)兒也不intheway擋住路，妨礙(2)inthisway這樣，以這種方式ontheway在……途中，即將來臨bytheway順便說一下bywayof經(jīng)過……，經(jīng)由……(3)feelone'sway謹(jǐn)慎小心地前行findone'swayoutof設(shè)法走出，擺脫fightone'sway奮斗前進(jìn)，打開一條道路makeone'sway前往eq\a\vs4\al(特別提醒)innoway表示否定意義“決不”，放在句首的時(shí)候，后面用部分倒裝語序。④comeacross偶然遇見，發(fā)現(xiàn)；被理解(P8)用come的相關(guān)短語填空①Whenwalkingdownthestreet,IDavid,whomIhadn'tseenforyears.②Ourclasstheideatomakebetteruseofusedmaterials.③Whenwewerewonderingwhattodo,themanager.④Wearegoingtothepark,anddoyouwantwithus?答案：①cameacross②cameupwith③cameout④tocomealongcometo 來到，達(dá)到；蘇醒；總計(jì)comeup 被提出comeupwith 提出comeout 出現(xiàn)，出版；開花comealongwith 隨同……一起eq\a\vs4\al(特別提醒)表示“偶然遇到”的短語還有：runacross,happentomeet,meet...bychance/accident。⑤holdup支撐起；延遲，阻礙；舉起，拿起；搶劫(P8)(1)寫出下列句中holdup的漢語意思①M(fèi)yapplicationwasheldupbythepostalstrike.②Robbersheldupabankatgunpointyesterday.③Thechairistooweaktoholdupsuchafatman.④Theyhelduptheircoachtocelebratetheirwinning.答案：①延遲②搶劫③支撐起④舉起(2)單句寫作①Ihadastrongdesiretoreachinandplaywiththetoy,butwasthankfullybytheshopwindow.我很想把手伸進(jìn)去玩那個(gè)玩具，但幸虧被商店的櫥窗擋住了。②Myfathersaidthatifwebelievesomethingwastrue,weshouldit.父親說如果我們相信某事是真的，就應(yīng)該堅(jiān)持。答案：①heldback②holdontoholdon 堅(jiān)持；別掛斷holdback 阻礙；退縮；隱瞞；克制holdonto 緊緊抓住holddown 壓制；控制holdout 堅(jiān)持；伸出⑥figureout理解；弄懂；算出(P8)單句寫作①Istillcan'twhysheburstintotearsyesterday.我仍不明白她昨天為什么突然大哭起來。②Don'tgoingabroadthissummer;wemaynotbeabletoaffordit.別打算今年夏天出國，我們可能負(fù)擔(dān)不起旅行費(fèi)用。答案：①figureout②figureon(1)figureon預(yù)料到；計(jì)劃，打算(2)keep/improveone'sfigure 保持/改善體型haveagoodfigure 身材苗條⑦endup以……結(jié)束，以……告終(P8)單句語法填空①Atfirst,herefusedtoacceptanyresponsibilitybutheendedup(apology)．②Unfortunately,alltheirplansendedupfailure.③Ifhecarriesondrivinglikethat,he'llendup(death)．答案：①apologizing②in③deadendupdoingsth 以做某事結(jié)束或告終endupwith 以……結(jié)束endupin 以某種結(jié)果結(jié)束endup＋adj. 以某種狀態(tài)結(jié)束endupas 最后是，最后成了⑧putupwith容忍，忍受(P8)選詞填空(keep/put/come)①Icanupwiththehousebeinguntidy,butIhateitifit'snotclean.②Heupwithmanywaystomakeaudienceburstintolaughter.③Themodernworldhasbeendevelopingveryfast.Everycountrymustupwiththetimes.答案：①put②came③keep(1)comeupwith提出，想出keepupwith與……同步，跟上catchupwith跟上，追上(2)putoff推遲putdown 記下，寫下；鎮(zhèn)壓putforward 提出putout 伸出，熄滅putthrough 接通；完成putaway放好，儲(chǔ)存putaside把……放在一邊puton穿上；戴上；上演putup舉起；張貼eq\a\vs4\al(特別提醒)表示“容忍，忍受”之意的除了putupwith以外，還有stand,bear,tolerate,livewith等。①[教材原句]By1748,theyhadfoundanawesomehistoricalsite.到1748年，考古學(xué)家們已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了一處令人敬畏的歷史遺址。(P6)單句語法填空①Iwassenttothevillagelastmonthtoseehowthedevelopmentplan(carry)outinthepasttwoyears.②Inthe1950sintheUSA,mostfamilieshadjustonephoneathome,andwirelessphones(notinvent)yet.③Silk(become)oneoftheprimarygoodstradedalongtheSilkRoadbyabout100BC.答案：①hadbeencarried②hadn'tbeeninvented③hadbecome②[教材原句]ItwasthefirsttimeHelenhadunderstoodsuchacomplexword...這是海倫第一次理解這樣一個(gè)復(fù)雜的詞……(P11)(1)單句語法填空①Itisthesecondtimethatyou(fail)intheexperiment;itistimethatyou(reflect)uponyourmistakes.②Icanwellremembertherewasatimemyparentsworkedharddayandnighttosupportthefamily.答案：①havefailed;reflected/shouldreflect②when(2)單句改錯(cuò)Shesaidthatitwasthesecondtimethattheboyhasaskedthesamequestion.答案：has→had(1)It/This/Thatis/wasthefirst/second/third...time(that)...某人第一/二/三……次做某事該句型中若主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；若主句為一般過去時(shí)，從句用過去完成時(shí)。(2)Itis＋(high/about)time＋(that)...是該做某事的時(shí)候了(從句應(yīng)用虛擬語氣，即謂語動(dòng)詞用過去式或“should＋動(dòng)詞原形”)(3)Itistime(forsb)todosth是(某人)該做某事的時(shí)候了(4)Therewasatimewhen...一度/曾經(jīng)……③[教材原句]NextmonthI'mgoingtogetmybikerepaired.下個(gè)月我打算去修我的自行車。(P15)單句語法填空①Wecan'thaveyou(go)everywherebytaxi.②Thailandgotsomefamousbuildings(destroy)intheflood.③Whatashame！Ican'tgethim(stop)crying.④Don'tgooutonsuchahotday,oryou'llget(burn)．⑤ThecomputerIhad(repair)yesterdaywentwrong.⑥Ihavesomethingimportant(do),soIcan'tgooutwithyou.答案：①going②destroyed③tostop④burnt⑤repaired⑥todoget在此為使役動(dòng)詞，意為“使……；讓……”，常用結(jié)構(gòu)如下：have/getsb/sthdoingeq\b\lc\\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(前者表示“讓……一直做某事”,后者表示“讓……開始做某事”))havesbdosth→表示“使/讓某人做某事”getsbtodosth→表示“使/讓某人做某事”havesthtodo這一結(jié)構(gòu)中have意為“有”，即“有某事要做”，不定式作定語，主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)含義。根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。PlinywasaRomanwriterwhohadwitnessedandwroteaboutaterrible1(erupt)whichoccurred2August24th,79AD.TheparticularlysadeventleftadeepimpressiononPlinywhoseunclediedintheevent.Thewholetownsandvillageswere3(bury)bytheashes.Overthecenturies,therewasagreater4(lose).Allthathaddisappearedundertheasheswereentirelyforgottenbytheworld.By1748,scientistsstartedtodigouttheancientcityofPompeiiaftertheyhadfoundanawesome5(history)site.Itislikea“timecapsule”6(preserve)afrozenmomentinhistory.NotonlydidthebuildingsandobjectsofPompeiiattractthepeople,7alsotheformsofthepeoplecaughtinthedisastermadethecityamonumenttohumanhistory.The8(body)ofpeoplewhohaddiedinPompeiishowedtheirexactshapesofgettingtogetherforprotectionintheirlasthoursoflife.Today,sinceexcavationsstarted,peopleandscientistsvisitPompeiieveryyear9(learn)moreabouttheancientworld.Inthisway,thecity,10theworldhadonceforgotten,livesonnearly2,000yearsafteritsloss.1．2.3.4.5．6.7.8.9．10.答案：1.eruption2.on3.buried4.loss5.historical6.preserving7.but8.bodies9.tolearn10.whichⅠ.單句語法填空1．Thenewdiscoveryofoilisofgreat(significant)tothisarea'seconomy.答案：significance句意：新發(fā)現(xiàn)的石油對這個(gè)地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)有重大意義。短語beof＋n.＝be＋adj.。2．Thewayhedealtwiththehardshiphecameacrossis(admire)．答案：admirable句意：他處理遇到的困難的方式令人欽佩。此處需用admire的形容詞作表語。3．Sunny,hotdaysarethe(character)weatherofthesummermonths.答案：characteristic此處修飾后面的名詞weather，故用形容詞characteristic“典型的”。4．It'sthedutyofthepolice(preserve)thepublicorder.答案：topreserve此處是句型It'sthedutyofsbtodosth。5．Sherusheddownstairsand(burst)intothekitchen.答案：burst此處and連接兩個(gè)并列謂語動(dòng)詞，由rushed可知，此處使用一般過去時(shí)，burst的過去式是burst。6．Youcancountonhim(get)theworkdoneontime.答案：toget短語countonsbtodosth“指望某人做某事”。7．Myparentsthoughtitwas(normal)foraboytobeinterestedindressing.答案：abnormal句意：我父母認(rèn)為男孩對穿著感興趣是不正常的。由句意可知，用abnormal“不正常的”。8．Itisapparenttoeveryonetheearthisbecomingwarmerandwarmer.答案：that此處是句型Itisapparenttosbthat...“對某人來說……是顯而易見的”。9．ThisquotationfromWinstonChurchilltellsusthatweshouldn'tget(discourage)rightafterfailures.答案：discouraged句意：溫斯頓·丘吉爾的這句引語告訴我們，失敗后我們不應(yīng)該氣餒。本句中，get是連系動(dòng)詞，相當(dāng)于become，后接形容詞作表語，此處表示人的精神狀態(tài)“氣餒的，灰心的”，應(yīng)用過去分詞轉(zhuǎn)化來的形容詞。故填discouraged。10．Itisthefirsttimethatshe(adopt)anabandoneddog.答案：hasadopted句意：這是她第一次收養(yǎng)流浪狗。這里是句型Itisthefirsttime＋that從句，主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。Ⅱ.單句寫作1．When(遇到)difficulty,youcanturntoyourparentsforhelp.答案：comingacross2．LiMingwenttoLondonlastyear,anditwasthefirsttimethat(出國)．答案：hehadgoneabroad3．withthegreatpleasureIsincerelyinviteyoutoattendourcoming-of-ageceremony.誠邀您參加我們的成人儀式，我的確萬分榮幸。答案：Itis;that4．自從我大學(xué)畢業(yè)已經(jīng)十一年了。(Itwas...since...)答案：ItwaselevenyearssinceIhadgraduatedfromuniversity.5．現(xiàn)在就如已經(jīng)到春天一般。答案：Itseemsasifitwerespringalready.Ⅲ.語法填空A56-year-oldenthusiasticbackyardbirdwatchernamedStuartDahlquistspentyears1(leave)outfoodforafamilyofcrowsandwasleft2(shock)whenhefoundagiftfromthecrowsbackinMarch2019.Hefirstbecamefamiliar3thebirdfamilyafterherescuedtwochicksthathadfallenofftheirnestinhisfrontyardfiveyearsago.Dahlquisthadalwaysdelightedinlisteningtothebabybirdschirp(吱喳而鳴)to4(they)parentsduringfeedingtime.Whenhefoundthetinycrowsontheground,hewenttohelp.Despitethealarmfromthe5(adult),Dahlquistmanagedtoscoopupthechicksandputthembackinthenest.Heevenleftoutfoodandwateratthebaseofthetreeincasetheyfell6secondtime.Hethenbeganregularlythrowingbirdfoodintohisfrontyard,andthecrows7(apparent)tooknotice.OnedaywhenDahlquistwaspreparingforhisdailyfeedingroutine,hewassurprised8(find)afirsprig(冷杉小枝)thathadbeendecoratedwithasodacantab.Notonlythat,itwasleftintheexactspot9hefedthecrows.Thenextday,he10(offer)anotheroneandhewasamazedbythediscovery.“Thisisn'tonlygenerous,it'screative,it'sart.”Dahlquistwroteonsocialmedia,“Mymindisblown.”1．2.3.4.5．6.7.8.9．10.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了56歲的StuartDahlquist斯圖爾特·達(dá)奎斯特是一位熱心的觀鳥者，一次喂食過程中救助了兩只烏鴉雛鳥，在堅(jiān)持為這個(gè)烏鴉家庭投喂食物多年后，他收到了烏鴉給他的回贈(zèng)。1．leaving考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。spend＋時(shí)間＋(in)＋doing為固定短語，意為“花費(fèi)多少時(shí)間做某事”，動(dòng)名詞作賓語，介詞in可省略。故填leaving。2．shocked考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。本句為被動(dòng)語態(tài)，其中動(dòng)詞“l(fā)eft”作使役動(dòng)詞，表示“使/讓……保持某種狀態(tài)”，應(yīng)用形容詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語，結(jié)合主語為“A56-year-oldenthusiasticbackyardbirdwatcher(一位56歲熱心的后院觀鳥者)”，應(yīng)用-ed形式的形容詞。故填shocked。3．with考查介詞。句意：五年前，他救了兩只從自家前院巢上掉下來的雛鳥，這讓他開始熟悉這個(gè)鳥類家庭。becomefamiliarwithsth為固定短語，意為“熟悉……”。故填with。4．their考查代詞。設(shè)空后為名詞parents，因此設(shè)空處應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞作定語。故填their。5．a(chǎn)dults考查名詞。根據(jù)設(shè)空前定冠詞the可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)是名詞，結(jié)合前文提及“parents”可知此處應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)。故填adults。6．a(chǎn)考查冠詞。句意：他甚至在樹下留下食物和水，以防它們再次掉落。a/an＋序數(shù)詞＋time，意為“再一次；又一次”，且second的發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭。故填a。7．a(chǎn)pparently考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：然后他開始定期向前院投擲鳥食，烏鴉們顯然注意到了。應(yīng)用副詞作狀語修飾其后的動(dòng)詞took。故填apparently。8．tofind考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：一天，當(dāng)達(dá)爾奎斯特準(zhǔn)備他每天的喂食時(shí)，他驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)一根裝飾有蘇打罐頭標(biāo)簽的冷杉樹枝。本句應(yīng)是“主語＋be＋形容詞＋todo”結(jié)構(gòu)，其中動(dòng)詞不定式todo表原因。故填tofind。9．where考查定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞where。故填where。10．wasoffered考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：第二天，他又被給了一根冷杉小枝，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)讓他大吃一驚。設(shè)空處與主語“he”之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，此處應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)，表示過去發(fā)生的事情。故填wasoffered。Ⅳ.短文改錯(cuò)Afterschool,IwasabouttoenterintomyapartmentwhenIsawalittledirtydogliebesidethedustbin.Helookedextremelyweak.Immediatelythehomelessdogfilledmeofsympathy.SoIdecidedtotakehimhome.Igavehimsomefoodandabath.Afterthebathhelookedenergyandrefreshed.Whatalovelydog!Whenmyparentsgothome,IaskedthatIcouldkeepthedog.Tomysurprisedandjoy,theyagreed.Uptonow,hehasbecomememberofourfamilyandeveryonehadenjoyedhiscompany.Lookedatthecuteandhappydogtoday,Irealizethatitwasrighttohelphim.Iofferedhimashelterandhebroughtourselvesgreathappinessandlaughter.答案：Afterschool,Iwasabouttoentereq\o(eq\o(eq\o(into,＼),),\s\do9(①))myapartmentwhenIsawalittledirtydogeq\o(lie,\s\do8(②lying))besidethedustbin.Helookedextremelyweak.Immediatelythehomelessdogfilledmeeq\o(of,\s\do8(③with))sympathy.SoIdecidedtotakehimhome.Igavehimsomefoodandabath.Afterthebathhelookedeq\o(energy,\s\do8(④energetic))andrefreshed.Whatalovelydog!Whenmyparentsgothome,Iaskedeq\o(that,\s\do8(⑤if/whether))Icouldkeepthedog.Tomyeq\o(surprised,\s\do8(⑥surprise))andjoy,theyagreed.Uptonow,hehasbecomeeq\o(∧,\s\do8(⑦a))memberofourfamilyandeveryoneeq\o(had,\s\do8(⑧has))enjoyedhiscompany.eq\o(Looked,\s\do8(⑨Looking))atthecuteandhappydogtoday,Irealizethatitwasrighttohelphim.Iofferedhimashelterandhebroughteq\o(ourselves,\s\do8(⑩us))greathappinessandlaughter.1．去掉into考查介詞。enter本身具有“進(jìn)入”的意思，后面直接跟賓語，故去掉into。2．lie→lying考查現(xiàn)在分詞。alittledirtydog和動(dòng)詞lie存在邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語dog的補(bǔ)足語。故將lie改為lying。3．of→with考查固定搭配。fillsbwithsth意為“用……把……填滿”，故將of改為with。4．energy→energetic考查形容詞。此處用形容詞與后面的refreshed并列作looked的表語，故將energy改為energetic。5．that→if/whether考查賓語從句的連接詞。此處要用if/whether引導(dǎo)賓語從句，意為“我問父母是否可以收養(yǎng)這條狗”，故將that改為if/whether。6．surprised→surprise考查固定搭配。toone'ssurprise意為“令某人吃驚的是”，故將surprised改為surprise。7．member前加a考查冠詞。member是可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式，前面加a泛指“一個(gè)”，故在member前加a。8．had→has考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語Uptonow(直到現(xiàn)在)可知，要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，故將had改為has。9．Looked→Looking考查現(xiàn)在分詞。主語I和動(dòng)詞look之間是主謂關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。故將Looked改為Looking。10．ourselves→us考查代詞。此處用賓格形式us作brought的賓語，意為“他給我們帶來很多快樂和歡笑”，故將ourselves改為us。課時(shí)作業(yè)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2021·全國甲卷)WhenIwas9,wepackedupourhomeinLosAngelesandarrivedatHeathrow,LondononagrayJanuarymorning.Everyoneinthefamilysettledquicklyintothecityexceptme.Withoutmybelovedbeachesandendlessblue-skydays,Ifeltatalossandoutofplace.UntilImadeadiscovery.Southbank,ataneasternbendintheThames,isthecenterofBritishskateboarding,wherethecontinuouscrashingofskateboardsleftyourheadringing.Ilovedit.Isoonmadefriendswiththelocalskaters.Wespokeourownlanguage.Andmyfavorite:Safe.Safemeantcool.Itmeanthello.Itmeantdon'tworryaboutit.Once,whentryingacertaintrickonthebeam(橫桿),Ifellontothestones,damaginganerveinmyhand,andTobycameover,helpingmeup:Safe,man.Safe.Afewminuteslater,whenIlandedthetrick,myfriendsbeattheirboardsloud,shouting:“Safe!Safe!Safe！”Andthat'swhatmattered—landingtricks,beingagoodskater.WhenIwas15,myfamilymovedtoWashington.Itriedskateboardingthere,butthelocalswerefarlesswelcoming.Withinacoupleofyears,I'dgivenitup.WhenIreturnedtoLondonin2004,IfoundmyselfwanderingdowntoSouthbank,sp