2021屆 高考英語(yǔ)重難詞匯短語(yǔ)梳理與閱讀練習(xí)（七十二）含答案

2021高考英語(yǔ)重難詞匯短語(yǔ)梳理與閱讀練習(xí)（七十二）

一：詞匯梳理

1.contrary/'kontrori/a.相反的n.相反

2.visionary/'v^onori/a.①有遠(yuǎn)見(jiàn)的②空想的

3.cavity/'kaeviti/n.①洞②齒禹洞

4.leap/li:p/v.跳n.跳躍

5.analyze/1^enalaiz/vt.①分解②分析

6.output/'autput/n.①產(chǎn)量②輸出

7.stoop/stu:p/vi.彎腰n.彎腰

8.restore/n'sto:/vt.①恢復(fù)②歸還③修復(fù)

9.血ervene/jn匕'vi:n/vi.①干預(yù)②介入

10.permanent/'po:monont/a.永久的

11.account/o'kaunt/n.①賬目②敘述vi.①說(shuō)明②（在數(shù)量、比例方面）占

12.accountable/okauntabol/a.負(fù)有責(zé)任的

13.contempt/kon'tempt/n.藐視

14.exemplify/ig'zemphfai/vt,①是…的范例②舉例說(shuō)明

15.submit/sab'mit/vt.①呈送②主張vi.（to）服從

16.revenge/n'vendj/n.報(bào)復(fù)vt.替…報(bào)仇

17.allergica.過(guò)敏（性）的

18.budget/'bAd^it/n.預(yù)算v.作預(yù)算a.低廉的

19.arouse/o'rauz/vt.①引起②喚醒

20.potential/pa'tenpl/a.潛在的n.①潛在性②潛力

21.limited/'limitid/a.有限的

22.limitation/.limiteifan/n.限制，局限性

23.dash/daeJ7v./n.①猛沖②猛擊n.破折號(hào)

24.induce/m'dju:s/vt.①引起②引誘③（用藥物）為（產(chǎn)婦）引產(chǎn)

25.facet/'fesit/n.①（多面體的）面②（問(wèn)題等的）一個(gè)方面

26.oust/aust/vt.驅(qū)逐

27.symphony/'simfoni/n.①交響樂(lè)②（色彩等的）和諧

28.alter/'o:lt0/vt.①改變②修改

29.alternate/o：rto:nit/vi.交替a.①交替的②間隔的

30.alternative/o：rto:n0tiv/n.①可供選擇的事物②取舍a.兩者挑一的

二：短語(yǔ)梳理

1.inpractice在實(shí)踐中,實(shí)際上

2.inproportionto與…成比例

3.inpublic公開(kāi)地，當(dāng)眾

4.inquantity大量

5.inquestion正在談?wù)摰?/p>

6.inregardto關(guān)于，至于

7.inrelationto關(guān)于，涉及

8.inreturn作為報(bào)答/回報(bào)/交換

9.inreturnfor作為對(duì)…的報(bào)答

10.inshort簡(jiǎn)言之，總之

11.insight被見(jiàn)到;在望

12.inspiteof盡管

13.instep齊步，合拍

14.instepwith與…一致/協(xié)調(diào)

15.intears流著淚，在哭著

三：閱讀訓(xùn)練

（一）

Doyouloveholidaysbuthatetheincreaseweightthatfollows?Youarenot

alone.Holidaysarehappydayswithpleasureanddeliciousfbods.Many

people,however,areworriedabouttheweightthatcomesalongwiththedelicious

foods.

Withproperplanning,though,itispossibletocontrolyourweight.Theideaisto

enjoytheholidaysbutnottoeattoomuch.Youdon'thavetoturnawayfromthe

foodsthatyouenjoy.Thefollowingsuggestionsmaybeofsomehelptoyou.

Donotmissmeals.Beforeyouleavehomeforafeast,haveasmall,low-fat

snack.Thismayhelptokeepyoufromgettingtooexcitedbeforedeliciousfoods.

Beginwithclearsoup,fruitorvegetables.Alargeglassofwaterbeforeyoueat

mayhelpyoufeelfull.Useasmallplate;alargeplatewillencourageyoutohavemore

thanenough.

Betternothavehigh-fatfoods.Dishesthatlookoilyorcreamyhavemuchfatin

them.Chooseleanmeat.Fillyourplatewithsaladandgreenvegetables.

Ifyouhaveasweettooth,trymintsandfruit.Theydon'thavefatcontentas

creamandchocolate.

Don'tletexercisetakeabreakduringtheholidays.A20-minutewalkaftera

mealcanhelpburnoffexcesscalories.

1.HolidaysarehappydayswithpleasurebuttheymayL

A.bringweightproblems

B.bringyoumuchtroubleinyourlife

C.makeyouworryaboutyourfoods

D.makeyouhatedeliciousfoods

2.Inordertoreallyenjoyyourholidayswithoutputtingonweight,you'dbetter

A.drinkmuchwaterandhavevegetablesonly

B.noteatmuchfoodinhighfat

C.notacceptinvitationstofeasts

D.tumawayfromdeliciousfoods

3.Accordingtothepassage,isanecessaryparttostopyoufromputtingon

weight.

A.clearsoupB.water

C.caloriesofenergyD.physicalexercise

4.Manypeoplecan'thelpputtingonweightaftertheholidaysbecausethey

A.can'tcontrolthemselves

B.gototoomanyfeasts

C.enjoydeliciousfoods

D.can'thelpturningawayfromthefoods

參考答案：

1答案:A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第一句話(huà)就指出，“你是否熱愛(ài)假期而又憎惡隨

之而來(lái)的體重增加的問(wèn)題呢？"第二段第二句話(huà)又提到,“然而，很多人都擔(dān)心美食

帶來(lái)的體重問(wèn)題。”故選A項(xiàng)。

2.答案:B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段第一句“最好不要吃高脂肪的食物”可知,B

項(xiàng)符合文章意思。

3答案:D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章最后一段第一句“在整個(gè)假期中,你都不能停止

鍛煉”可知，要防止增肥，體育鍛煉是必要的。

4.答案:A推理判斷題。文章第四段最后一句話(huà)，“這可能對(duì)于避免你見(jiàn)到美

食太過(guò)興奮有所幫助?！笨梢?jiàn)，大多數(shù)人在假期里發(fā)胖，是因?yàn)樽约旱种撇蛔∶朗车?/p>

誘惑。B項(xiàng)“去參加太多的宴會(huì)”，文章中沒(méi)有提到;C項(xiàng)“享受美食”并不一定

就導(dǎo)致“人們發(fā)胖”，關(guān)鍵是人們自己的做法;D項(xiàng)“禁不住要拒絕美食”與題意

相反。

（二）

ThefreezingNortheasthasn,tbeenaterriblyfunplacetospendtimethis

winter,sowhenthechancecameforaweekendtoSarasota,Florida,mybagswere

packedbeforeyoucouldsay“sunshine”.1leftforthelandofwarmthandvitamin

C（維生素C）,thinkingofbeachesandorangetrees.Whenwetoucheddowntoblue

skiesandwarmair,!sentupasmallprayerofgratefulness.Swimmingpools,wine

tasting,andpinksunsets（atnormaleveninghours,not4intheafternoon）filledthe

weekend,butthebestpart一particularlytomytaste,dulledbymonthsofcold-weather

rootvegetables一wasa7a.m.adventuretotheSarasotafarmers'marketthatproved

tobemorethanworththeearlywake-upcall.

Themarket,whichwasfoundedin1979,setsupitstentseverySaturdayfrom7

a.m.to1p.m.,rainorshine,alongNorthLemonandStatestreets.Basketsofperfectred

strawberries;thered-paintedsidesoftheJavaDawgcoffeetruck;andmostofall,the

tomatoes:amazing,large,softandroundredtomatoes.

Disappointedbymanyabroken,vine-ripened（蔓上成熟的）promise,1?ve

refusedtobuywintertomatoesforyears.Nomatterhowattractivetheylookinthe

store,onceIgetthemhomethey'reunfailinglydry,hard,andtasteless.ButIhomed

in,withuncertainty,ononeparticulartableattheBrown'sGroveFarm'sstand,fullof

freshandsofttomatoesthesizeofmyfist.Theseweretherealdeal一andatthat

moment,!realizedthatthebestpartofSarasotainwinterwasgoingtobeeating

thingsthatbackhomeinNewYorkIwouldn'tbeexperiencingagainformonths.

DelightedasIwasbythetomatoesinsight,myhappinessdeepenedwhenI

learnedthatBrown'sGroveFarmisoneofthesuppliersforJackDusty,anewly

openedrestaurantattheSarasotaRitzCarlton,where—luckilyforme—Iwasplanning

tohavedinnerthatverynight.Withoutevenseeingthemenu,!knewI'dbeordering

everytomatoonit.

l.WhatdidtheauthorthinkofherwinterlifeinNewYork?

A.Exciting.B.Boring.

C.Relaxing.D.Annoying.

答案:B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第一句內(nèi)容可以推斷出，對(duì)于作者來(lái)說(shuō)，紐約

的冬天是無(wú)聊的、乏味的，所以作者在周末迫不及待地來(lái)到佛羅里達(dá)的薩拉索塔。

2.Whatmadetheauthor?sgettingupearlyworthwhile?

A.Havingaswim.

B.Breathinginfreshair.

C.Walkinginthemorningsun.

D.Visitingalocalfarmers'market.

答案:D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句內(nèi)容可知，參觀(guān)薩拉索塔農(nóng)民的菜

市場(chǎng)使作者大開(kāi)眼界，并覺(jué)得早起是值得的。

3.WhatcanwelearnabouttomatoessoldinNewYorkinwinter?

A.Theyaresoft.B.Theylooknice.

C.Theytastegreat.D.Theyarejuicy.

答案:B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第二句內(nèi)容可以推斷出，紐約冬天賣(mài)的西紅

柿外表很好看，但是又干又硬，沒(méi)有味道。

4.Whatwastheauthorgoingtodothatevening?

A.Gotoafarm.B.Checkintoahotel.

C.Eatinarestaurant.D.Buyfreshvegetables.

答案:C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容可知，晚上，作者打算去飯店吃飯，而那

家飯店的食品供應(yīng)者之一就是作者參觀(guān)的菜市場(chǎng)。

（三）

Boysandgirls,Ithinkmostofyouliketravelling.Butusually,peoplefeelexcited

beforeatour,butduringit,theymayfeeltheyarenotwellpreparedforit.Afteritthey

feelitisnotworththetour.Thenhowcanyoumakeyourtourmoreinterestingand

meaningful?Hereissomeadvice.

Firstly一Look!Certainlyweshouldlookatthesceneryverycarefully.Also,before

weleaveourhouse,weshouldfindsomebooksabouttheplaceofinterest.Weshould

firstknowsomethingabouttheplace,suchasitsgeography,itshistoryanditsfamous

people,etc.Whenwearereadyforthetour,wecanreallyunderstandtheplaceduring

ourtourevenifwedon'thavemuchtime.

Secondly一Takephotos!Whenwevisitaplaceofinterest,mostofustakea

camera.Ifyouwanttotakesomephotos,remembertochoosethemostspecial

sights.Don'tchoosethesightthatwecanseeinotherplaces.For

example,Beidaihe,QingdaoandZhuhaiarecoastal（沿海）cities.Don,tonlytake

photosofthesea.Youshouldtakesomethingelse,too.

Thirdly一Taste!Somepeopleliketobuysomefoodthattheylikemostduring

theirtours.Inmyopinion,don'tbuythefoodthatyoulikemostbecauseyoucanbuy

itinyourowncityortown.Youhadbettertastesomethingspecialintheplaceof

interest.Snacksinsomeplacesareverydelicious.Andfromaplace'ssnacks,youcan

finditsfoodculture.Sowhynottastethem?Maybeyouhavejustonechancetotasteit

inyourlife.

Fourthly——Write!Whenyouvisitaplace,youshouldtakeapenanda

notebook,soyoucanwritesomethingdown.lt'spossiblethatyoucanwriteagood

article.Later,whenyoureadit,youwillfeelthatyoucanfindthepleasureduringthe

tour.

Haveagoodtime!

1.Travellersfeeltheycan,tenjoytheirtoursfullybecause.

A.theyfeeltooexcitedbeforethetour

B.theyarenotwellpreparedforthetour

C.theydon'tliketravellinginfact

D.therearebetterplacestotravel

答案:B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段第二句可知，人們?cè)诼糜螘r(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)自己為此做的

準(zhǔn)備還遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠，因此就不能夠充分享受旅行的樂(lè)趣。

2.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthestatementsisnotproperduringatour?

A.Weshouldlearnsomethingabouttheplacebeforetravelling.

B.Wehadbettertakephotoswheretherearespecialsights.

C.Writesomethingduringthetourandyoucanenjoythetourmore.

D.Don'ttastefoodintheplaceofinterestinordertokeephealthy.

答案:D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段可知，作者建議游客品嘗旅游地的小吃等，因此

D項(xiàng)的敘述是不恰當(dāng)?shù)摹?/p>

3.Thetitleofthepassageisprobably.

A.TravelwithMe

B.HowtoMakeYourTourMoreInterestingandMeaningful

C.HowtoTravelwithoutProperThings

D.ItIsWorthTravellingtoStrangePlaces

答案:B主旨大意題。本文主要是作者給旅游者的幾條建議，即如何使人們的

旅游有趣而有意義。

（四）

Differentweathermakespeoplefeeldifferent.ltinfluenceshealth,intelligence

（智力）andfeelings.

InAugust,itisveryhotandwetinthesouthernpartoftheUnitedStates.People

therehavehearttroubleandotherkindsofhealthproblemsduringthismonth.Inthe

NortheastandtheMiddleWest,itisveryhotatsometimesandverycoldatother

times.Peopleinthesestateshavemorehearttroubleaftertheweatherchangesin

FebruaryorMarch.

Theweathercanalsoinfluenceintelligence.Forexample,inascientificreport,IQ

ofagroupofstudentswasveiyhighwhenaverystrongwindcame,butafterthe

strongwind,theirIQwas10%below.Thewindcanhelppeoplehavemore

intelligence.Veryhotweather,ontheotherhand,canmakeitlower.Studentsinmany

schoolsoftheUnitedStatesoftengetworseonexamsinthehotmonthsoftheyear

（JulyandAugust）.Weatheralsohasastronginfluenceonpeople?sfeelings.Winter

maybeabadtimefbrthinpeople.Theyusuallyfeelcoldduringthesemonths.They

mightfeelunhappyduringcoldweather.Butfatpeoplemayhaveahardtimeinhot

summer.Atabout18℃,peoplebecomestronger.

Lowairpressuremaymakepeopleforgetful.Peopleleavemorebagsonbuses

andinshopsonlow-pressuredays.Thereisa“goodweather”fbrhealth.Peoplefeel

bestatatemperatureofabout18℃.

Areyoufeelingsad,tired,forgetful,orunhappytoday?Itmaybetheweather?s

problem.

1.Whatkindofweathercanhaveabadeffectonhealth?

A.Hotandwetweather.B.Goodweather.

C.Warmweather.D.Highintelligen