【八】高考必考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法超級(jí)歸納超級(jí)歸納超級(jí)歸納

====Word行業(yè)資料分享--可編輯版本--雙擊可刪====高考必考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法超級(jí)歸納一、冠詞冠詞分為不定冠詞（a,），定冠詞（），和零冠詞。I.不定冠詞的用法1Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.指一類人或事，相當(dāng)于akindofWestudyeighthoursaday.Wearenearlyofanage.5某名人有類似性質(zhì)的人或事acoupleof,abit,onceuponati6用于固定詞組中7用于quite,rather,many,half,whaThisroomisratherabigone.Sheisascleveragirlasyoucanwishtomeet.success(抽象名詞)→asuccess(具體化)成功9用于抽象名詞具體化的名詞前識(shí).定冠詞的用法網(wǎng)絡(luò)集====Word行業(yè)資料分享--可編輯版本--雙擊可刪====1表示某一類人或物A.a;theB./;aC.the;aD.the;the5類人—Couldyoutellmethewayto____Johnsons,please?—Sorry,wedon’thave____Johnsonhereinthevillage.表示一家人或夫婦（對(duì)比上文6A.the;theB.the;aC./;theD.the;/用于序數(shù)詞和形容詞副詞比7Heisthetallerofthetwochildren.較級(jí)最高級(jí)前用于國(guó)家黨派等以及江河湖8海，山川群島的名詞前用于表示發(fā)明物的單數(shù)名詞9ThecompasswasinventedinChina.前在逢十的復(fù)數(shù)數(shù)詞之前，指10世紀(jì)的某個(gè)年代網(wǎng)絡(luò)集====Word行業(yè)資料分享--可編輯版本--雙擊可刪====11用于表示度量單位的名詞前Ihiredthecarbythehour.用于方位名詞，身體部位名12Hepattedmeontheshoulder.詞BeijingUniversity,Jack,China,love,air1人名地名等名詞前2March,Sunday,NationalDay,spring3日三餐前LincolnwasmadePresidentofAme5表示球類，棋類等運(yùn)動(dòng)的名詞前Helikesplayingfootball/chess.Wewentrightroundtothewestcoastby______seainsteadofdrivingacross______continent.67與by連用表示交通方式的名詞前A.the;theB.不填；theC.the;不填D.不husbandandwife,knifeandfork,dayandnight8表示泛指的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前Horsesareusefulanimals.二、名詞和主謂一致I.名詞的種類網(wǎng)絡(luò)集====Word行業(yè)資料分享--可編輯版本--雙擊可刪====專有名詞普通名詞可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞機(jī)構(gòu)名稱個(gè)體名詞集體名詞抽象名詞物質(zhì)名詞名詞性質(zhì)花兒個(gè)體名詞and.②Thetreesarenowinflower開(kāi)花青春抽象名詞抽象名詞個(gè)體名詞抽象名詞①Youthisbeautiful.②Heisayouthoftwenty年輕人成功成功的事個(gè)體名詞—Ishouldsayitwasasuccess.名詞性質(zhì)物質(zhì)名詞個(gè)體名詞物質(zhì)名詞鐵熨斗玻璃①Hebrokeapieceofglass.網(wǎng)絡(luò)集====Word行業(yè)資料分享--可編輯版本--雙擊可刪====玻璃杯小雞個(gè)體名詞個(gè)體名詞物質(zhì)名詞雞肉hicken抽象名詞與個(gè)體名詞的轉(zhuǎn)換A.some,aB.an,someC.some,someD.an,a的動(dòng)作takeawalk/abathmakeanadvance(進(jìn)步)/makeanaknowledgeoftruth(知道實(shí)際情況)表示school.其中的一部分A.The抽象名詞轉(zhuǎn)換為普通名①Oh,John._____yougaveme!網(wǎng)絡(luò)集====Word行業(yè)資料分享--可編輯版本--雙擊可刪====A.HowapleasantsurpriseB.Howpleasantsurprise詞可用來(lái)表示一次、一陣、一種具體的行為、事件、現(xiàn)象或結(jié)C.WhatapleasantsurpriseD.Whatpleasantsurprise②ShelookedupwhenIshouted.A.inasurpriseB.inthesurpriseC.insurpriseD.insomesurprise有形容詞修飾Thegiftcameasacompletesurprisetome.We③Itis_____workofartthateveryonewantstohavealoA.sounusualB.suchunusualC.suchanunusualD.soanunusual規(guī)則名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式：名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，一般在單數(shù)形式后面加-s或（參看有關(guān)語(yǔ)法書(shū)）。英規(guī)則改變名詞中的元音字母或其他形man-men,woman-women,foot-feet,goose-geese,mouse-mice1式sheep,deer,series,means,works,fish,species2單復(fù)數(shù)相同ashes,trousers,clothes,thanks,g3只有復(fù)數(shù)形式4一些集體名詞總是用作復(fù)數(shù)people,police,cattle,staff5enemy,party6復(fù)數(shù)形式表示特別含義s(文件報(bào)紙),manners(禮貌),looks(外表),brains(頭腦智力),greens(青菜),ruins(廢墟)Americans,Australians,Germans,Greeks,Swedes,Europeans表示某國(guó)7人”網(wǎng)絡(luò)集====Word行業(yè)資料分享--可編輯版本--雙擊可刪====Swiss,Portuguese,Chinese,Japanese單復(fù)數(shù)同形以-man或-woman結(jié)尾的改為-men,-womenEnglishmen,Frenchwomensons-in-law,lookers-on,passers-by,story-tellers,boyfriends將主體名詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)grown-ups,housewives,stopwatches將兩部分變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)womensingers,menservants詞一般用單數(shù)形式；主語(yǔ)為復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，forusall.法由what引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，后面的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞多謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。whatIboughtwerethreeEnglishbooks.LucyandLilyaretwins由連接詞and或both…and連接起來(lái)的主語(yǔ)后面，要用復(fù)數(shù)形式的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。但若所Thewriterandartisthascome.連接的兩個(gè)詞是指同一個(gè)人或物Everystudentandeveryteachisintheclassroom.時(shí)，它后面的謂語(yǔ)就用單數(shù)形式。由and連接的并列單數(shù)主語(yǔ)前如果分別有no,eacManyaboyandmanyagirllikh,every或morethana(an)/one,mesit.網(wǎng)絡(luò)集====Word行業(yè)資料分享--可編輯版本--雙擊可刪====anya(an)修飾時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)Noboyandnogirllikesit.形式。either,neither,each,every或nEachofushasanewbook.Iso+單數(shù)名詞和由some,anyno,everyeveryoneheretoday?Somebodyisspeakinginclass.Everythingaroundusismatter若noneof后面的名詞是不可數(shù)名詞，它的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞就要用單數(shù)。若它后面的名詞是復(fù)數(shù)，它的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)都可以。Noneofushas(have)beentoAmerica.Thosewhowanttogopleasewritetheirnamesontheblackboard.Heisoneofmyfriendswhoarch等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與句中先行詞的數(shù)一致。Heisthe(only)oneofmyfriendswhoisworkinghard.ItisIwhoamgoingtothecinematonight.在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中應(yīng)與被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分一致Itiswewhoaregoingtothecinematonight.Thepolicearelookingforthelostchild.Thecattleareeatinggrassinthefield.Hisfamilyhasmovedtothesouth.體的成員，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式HisfamilyarewatchingTV.（他的家人）Classfourisonthethirdfloor.（四班）ClassFourareunabletoagreeuponamonitor.（四班的學(xué)生）Therearealotofpeopleintheclassroom.由alotof/lotsof/plentyof/aheaThree-fourthsofthesurfaceofpof/heapsof/therestof/themajtheearthissea.50percentofthestudentsinourclassaregirls.此外，還有anumberof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞有類似的用法（用復(fù)數(shù)），但thenumberof+復(fù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)集====Word行業(yè)資料分享--可編輯版本--雙擊可刪====數(shù)名詞的數(shù)就得依number而定（用單數(shù)）。Anumberofstudentshavegonetothefarmtohelpthefarmerpickapples.Thenumberofpagesinthisbookisthreehundred.Therecomesthebus.Onthewallaremanypictures.Suchistheresult.Sucharethefacts.Betweenthetwohillsstandsamonument.Whichisyourbag?Whichareyourbags?AreanyofyougoodatEnglisWhat,who,which,any,more,all等h?Hasanyofyougotapen?代詞可以是單數(shù)，也可是復(fù)數(shù)，主要靠意思Allcanbedonehasbeendone.Allisgoingwell.Allhavebeentakenout.AllhavegonetoBeijing.Thirtyminutesisenoughforth表示時(shí)間重量長(zhǎng)度價(jià)值等的名詞的ework..Twentypoundsistoodear.Fortykilosofwaterareusedeveryday.致TheUnitedStatesissmallerthanChina.“TheArabianNights”isaninterestingstory-book.則數(shù)形式。Oneandahalfapplesislefto表數(shù)量的短語(yǔ)“oneandahalf”后面接復(fù)nthetable.一些學(xué)科名詞是以-ics結(jié)尾，如：mathemThepaperworkswasbuiltin1990.這atics,politics,physics以及news,wo家造紙廠建于1990年。rks等。都屬于形式上是復(fù)數(shù)的名詞，實(shí)際Idon’tthinkphysicsiseasyto網(wǎng)絡(luò)集====Word行業(yè)資料分享--可編輯版本--雙擊可刪====study.意義為單數(shù)名詞，trousers,glasses,clothes,shoes,scissors(剪刀)等詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)，Myglassesarebroken.但如果這些名詞前有a(the)pairof等量Thepairofshoesunderthebe詞修飾時(shí)（clothes被asuitof修飾）謂dishis.語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Theoldaretakengoodcareofthere.人動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；若表示某一類東西時(shí)，動(dòng)詞ThebeautifulgivespleasuretoEithertheteacherorthestud