情態(tài)動詞基本用法

情態(tài)動詞備考方向:1.各情態(tài)動詞的基本用法;2.易混淆情態(tài)動詞的辨析;3.情態(tài)動詞在特定語境中的用法4.虛擬語氣中情態(tài)動詞的用法.第一頁第二頁，共31頁。Howmanymodalverbscanyouremember?modalverbscan/couldmay/mightshall/shouldmustneeddareoughttousedtohave/hadtowill/would第二頁第三頁，共31頁。1.can/could1)表示能力Hecanplaytabletennisquitewell.2)表示事物一時的特征,理論上的可能性It’salwayswarmhere,butsometimesitcanbeverycold.He’sgood-tempered.However,hecanbehardtodealwithwhenoffended.Evenanexperiencedteachercanmakemistakes.第三頁第四頁，共31頁。3)表示許可/允諾---Can/CouldTomusethecar?

---Yes,hecan.Youcanhavemyseat.Iamgoingnow.4)表示推測1)---Someoneisknockingatthedoor.Whocanitbe?CanitbeScarlet?---No,itcan’tbeher.ShecalledfromTokyojustnow.2)Hecannothave

forgottenit.3)Theaccidentcouldhavebeenavoided.第四頁第五頁，共31頁。2.may/might1)表示請求\許可---May/MightIcomein?---Yes,youmay.2)表示可能性的推測Herappearancehaschangedsomuchthatyoumaywellnotrecognizeher.It’ssolate.Ithinghemay/mighthavegonetobed.Youmighthavegivenhimmorehelp,butwhydidn’tyou?3)may用于祈使句表示祝愿Mayyousucceed!Mayyoureturninsafe!第五頁第六頁，共31頁。3.must1.必須MustIsay“sorry”?Yes,youmust./No,youneedn’t.Youmustseeadoctor.2.猜測“肯定,準(zhǔn)是”ShemustbewatchingTVnow.Theremustbesomemistake.Itmusthaverainedlastnight.Thegroundissowet.3.“偏要,硬要”Ifyoumustsmoke,pleasegoout.4.否定,表示“禁止”Youmustn’tplaywithfire.Youmayhurtyourself.第六頁第七頁，共31頁。must對比haveto1)兩詞都是‘必須’的意思，haveto表示客觀的需要，must表示說話人主觀上的看法，既主觀上的必要。

Mybrotherwasveryill,soIhadtocallthedoctorinthemiddleofthenight.Hesaidthattheymustworkhard.2)haveto有人稱、數(shù)、時態(tài)的變化，而must只有一種形式。Hehadtolookafterhissisteryesterday.3）在否定結(jié)構(gòu)中：don‘thaveto表示“不必”mustn’t表示“禁止”Youdon‘thavetotellhimaboutit.Youmustn‘ttellhimaboutit.第七頁第八頁，共31頁。4.Shall的用法(1).Shall常用于第一人稱表示簡單的將來Whenshallwellmeetagain?IshallhavefinishedmyhomeworkbyFriday.(2)shall用于第二，三人稱表示：允諾或強(qiáng)烈的意志Itshallbedoneasyouwish.Youshallgetabikeasyourbirthdaypresent.B.肯定會發(fā)生的事情Thatdayshallcome.C.命令或必須執(zhí)行之事．ThislawshallhaveeffectinScotland.第八頁第九頁，共31頁。(3)用于疑問句或表示提議的句子，請求聽者決定之．

1)---Shallwegotogether?

---Yes,let’s.

2)---ShallIgetyouachair?

---Yes,please.

3)---Shallthevisitorcomeinnow?

---I’dratherhecameinlater.

第九頁第十頁，共31頁。5.Should的用法（１）用于表示義務(wù)或責(zé)任Youshouldn’tdrinkanddrive.Visitorsshouldinformthereceptionistoftheirarrival.(2)用于表示勸告或推薦Heshouldstopsmoking.Youshouldn’tleavethebabyaloneinthehouse.Theyshouldhavecalledthepolice.(3)用于表示假定的結(jié)果IfIwasaskedtoworkonSundays,Ishouldresign.Weshouldmovetoalargerhouseifwehadthemoney.第十頁第十一頁，共31頁。Should的用法(4).用于形容詞anxious,sorry,concerned,happy,delighted等后接的從句中．Wearesorrythatyoushouldfeeluncomfortable.Thatheshouldspeaktoyoulikethatisquiteastonishing.(5).用于if和incase引導(dǎo)的從句表示某事不太可能．Ifyoushouldchangeyourmind,doletmeknow.Shouldanyonetelephone,pleasetellthemI’mbusy.第十一頁第十二頁，共31頁。(6).用于sothat和inorderthat之后表示目的或動機(jī)．Heputthecasesinthecarsothatheshouldbeabletomakeanearlystart.Herepeatedtheinstructionsslowlyinorderthatheshouldunderstand.(7)用于表示請求的客氣說法．Ishouldliketomakeaphonecall,ifpossible.Weshouldbegratefulforyourhelp.第十二頁第十三頁，共31頁。(8).用于表達(dá)不成熟的意見．Ishouldsayshe’soverforty.IshouldimagineItwilltakeaboutthreehours.(9).與疑問詞連用表示不感興趣，難以置信等HowshouldIknow?Whyshouldhethinkthat?Iturnedroundonthebusandwhoshouldbesittingbehindmebutmyex-wife.第十三頁第十四頁，共31頁。oughtto和should1)oughtto：比should語氣強(qiáng)烈,一般用于肯定和否定句Theyoughttobetherebynow.Yououghtnottobelateagain.

oughttohavedonesth.=shouldhavedonesth.本應(yīng)該做某事而沒有.oughtnottohavedonesth.=shouldnothavedonesth.本不應(yīng)該做某事而做了.Theyoughttohavehandedinthepaperyesterday.他們本應(yīng)當(dāng)昨天交論文。Yououghtnottohavewastedyourtime.第十四頁第十五頁，共31頁。7.可兼做行為動詞的情態(tài)動詞：need、dare

情態(tài)動詞(+動詞原形)行為動詞

.needdare

1.無人稱和數(shù)的變化;2.尤其用于：*否定句及疑問句中;*在if/whether之后;*或與hardly,never,noone,nobody連用;3.常以needn’t和daren’t

的形式出現(xiàn);4.dare有其過去時dared.多用于肯定句;(sb.)needtododaretodo(sth.)needtobedone(sth.)needdoing

第十五頁第十六頁，共31頁。Idaren’taskherforarise.

Howdidyoudaretotellherthat?Iwonderwhetherhedarestandupinpublic.Idon’tknowhowshedarestowearthatdress.

7.dare第十六頁第十七頁，共31頁。Doyouneedanyhelp?Iwonderwhetherheneedsenditimmediately.Ineedhardlytellyouthattheworkisdangerous.Thegardendoesn’tneedwateringatthemoment.Youneedn’tfinishthatworktoday.7.need第十七頁第十八頁，共31頁。判斷正誤:

Howdareyousaysuchathing?Howdareyoutosaysuchathing?Hedaren’ttospeakEnglishbeforesuchacrowd,didhe?Hedaren’tspeakEnglishbeforesuchacrowd,darehe?第十八頁第十九頁，共31頁。8.usedtodosth過去常常做某事Iusedtogotothecinemaalot.Heusedtobeaheavysmoker,didn’the?Heusedtobeaheavysmoker,usedn’the?第十九頁第二十頁，共31頁。9.will做助動詞:表示單純的將來)將

Hewillbehomeatsix.

他六點(diǎn)回家。做情態(tài)動詞:1)(表示意志、意愿)愿,要

Youwillcome,won'tyou?

你會來的,是不是?2)(表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性)經(jīng)常,慣于,總是

Thesethingswillhappen.

這種事總是要發(fā)生的。第二十頁第二十一頁，共31頁。9.would助動詞:(will的過去式,表示過去將來時)將

Shesaidshewouldcome.情態(tài)動詞:

1)(表示意志)愿,要;偏要

Itoldhertostopnagging,butshejustwouldn'tlisten.2.(表示過去的習(xí)慣)總是,總會

Hewouldsitsilentforhours.3.(表示推測)大概,會

Ithinkhewouldaccepttheinvitation.第二十一頁第二十二頁，共31頁。4.(表示喜歡、意愿)愿意,要,想

Iwouldliketohaveawordwithyou.

5.(表示虛擬、假設(shè)、條件等)要,將要;會,就會

IfIwereyounger,IwouldjoinyouintheexpeditiontotheAntarctic.

Woulditbeconvenientforyoutoleavetomorrow?

Wouldyoupleasecometonight?6.(表示愿望)但愿,要是...多好

Iwishyouwouldn'tsmokeanymore.第二十二頁第二十三頁，共31頁。廣東高考情態(tài)動詞考查方向:語法天空1)should在虛擬語氣中的使用2)情態(tài)動詞表推測的用法閱讀理解情態(tài)動詞在虛擬語氣中的使用第二十三頁第二十四頁，共31頁。廣東高考情態(tài)動詞考查方向:should在虛擬語氣中的使用1)表示將來的較小的可能性Ifsheshouldknowit,shewouldtellme.Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldstayindoors.2)Itishightimethatweshouldstartout.3)Itisstrangethatheshouldhaveactedtowardshisparentslikethat.Itisimportant/necessarythatweshouldlearnourmothertonguewell.第二十四頁第二十五頁，共31頁。should在虛擬語氣中的使用表示要求,建議,命令,請求的從句:Itissuggested/advised/commanded/ordered/required/requested/proposedthatsb.shoulddosth.Sb.suggest/advise/…thatsbshoulddosth.Mysuggestion/adviceisthatsbshoulddoHeputforwardthesuggestionthat…第二十五頁第二十六頁，共31頁。廣東高考方向:表示推測——情態(tài)動詞的重要用法.肯定的推測可能的推測否定的推測疑問的推測must

對將來

對現(xiàn)在

對過去情態(tài)動詞may,mightcan’t,couldn’tcan,could+V.+V.+havedone+bedoingYoumustbewrong.Theymustbewaitingforsomeone.Hemusthaveknownaboutit.Hemaycomebybus;I’mnotsure.Thefarmersmaybeharvestingthecrops.Somethingbadmayhavehappened.Youcan’tbeserious.Thereweresixpeopleinthecar.Itcan’thavebeenacomfortablejourney.

CanMr.Brownbeathomenow?Canitbetrue?Canhehavepassedsuchadifficulttest?第二十六頁第二十七頁，共31頁。

1.Idon'tknowwheresheis.She_______beinWuhan.2.Atthismoment,ourteacher________________ourexampapers.這時，我們老師想必在批改試卷。3.Theroadiswet.It________________lastnight.(rain)

maym