廣東省梅州市2021-2022學年高三下學期2月總復習質檢（一模）英語試題

廣東省梅州市2021-2022學年高三下學期2月總復

習質檢（一模）英語試題學校班級姓名學號一、閱讀理解NeilArmstrong:ALifeofFlightNEIL-血■■中■?MuchhasbeenwrittenaboutNe訂Armstrong,America'smodemheroandhistory'smostfamousspacetraveler.YetshyoffameandneveronetostealthespotlightArmstrongwasalwaysreluctanttodiscusshispersonalsideofevents.HereforthefirsttimeisthedefinitivestoryofNeil'slifeofflighthesharedforfivedecadeswithatrustedfriend——JayBarbree.ThisNewOceanItwasallpartofman'sgreatestadventure—landingmenontheMoonandsendingarovertoMars,finallyseeingtheedgeoftheuniverseandthebirthofstars，andlaunchingplanetaryexplorersacrossthesolarsystemtoNeptuneandbe-yond.StarmanStarman,JamieDoranandPiersBizony'sbiographyofRussiancosmonautYuriGagarin,wasoriginallypublishedin1998andrereleasedin2011tocapitalizeonthe50thanniversayofthefirstmannedflightintospace.ThebookcoversGagarin'schildhood,hiscosmonauttraining,hishistoricflightasthefirsthumanbeingtoleavetheearth'satmosphere,andhismysteriousdeath.NightSkyAlmanac2021:AStargazer'sGuideWhatbeltergiftforanamateurastronomerthanananswertoalloftheirqueries,pocket—sizedcompanion?Connectwiththeuniversethatsurroundsuswithhisstylishcompaniontothenightsky.Allevenlyareclearlypresentedmonth—by—monthwitheasy—to—understandexplanationsandcharts,includingstars,planets,comets,andsoon.【小題1】WhatisJayBarbree?A.Aspacemaninhistory.B.AcharacterinStarman.C.Anovelistonspaceadventure.D.AfriendofNeilArmstrong.【小題2】WhichcategorydoesStarmanfallinto?A.Sciencefiction.B.Play.C.Autobiography.D.Biography.【小題3】Whatdothelistedbookshaveincommon?A.Theyareintendedforteenagers.B.Theyaresetinmoonlanding.C.TheyareaboutspaceandD.Theyshowconcernoverstarastronomy.wars,It'spracticallyasceneonAmericantelevision.Ababyisborn.Friendsandfamilyoffertheircongratulations.Butthen,inthecarfromthehospital,adeepworryfallsovertheparents.“Howintheworldarewegoingtopayforcollege?”It'struethatgoingtouniversityabroadisaveryexpensiveoption.TuitionismuchhigherthanatChineseuniversities,andthentherearetheexpensesforroomandboard.TuitionatHarvardthisyearisaround$46,000(￥318,700),butwhenyouincludestudentservicefees,room,andboard,thatfigurejumpstooverS65,000ayear.SchoolsoutsidetheUSarealittlebitlessexpensiveonaverage,buttheycanstillemptyyourwallet.TuitionatOxfordUniversityisatleast￥136,500.ThecostofAustralia'sUniversityofMelbournevariesagreatdealdependingonthediscipline,buttuitionalonewilllikelysetstudentsback￥148,500ayear.Thesenumberscanbereallyshocking,butdon'tworry.Mostuniversitieshavesystemsinplacetohelpstudentspayfortheireducation.Thefirstthingyoushouldlookintoiswhetherornotyouarefitforfinancialaid.Whilesomeuniversitiesdon'tallowinternationalstudentstoapplyforaid,manymakenodistinction.Whilemostfinancialaidis“need-based”,meaningthatyouhavetodemonstratethatyourparentscannotaffordtopaythefullamount,therearealsoscholarshipsbasedonmerit.Ifyouareamathtalentorapromisingbasketballplayeryoumightendupgoingtocollegefreeofcharge.Then,therearesomescholarshipsthataredesignedspecificallyforChinesestudents.ThefamousFreemanScholarshipatWesleyanUniversity,forexample,isawardedtotwoChinesestudentsfromHongKongandtwofromthemainlandeachyear.【小題1】WhatdoAmericanparentsoftenworryabout,accordingtothefirstparagraph?A．Theirchildren'shealthafterleavingthehospital.B．Thestresstheirchildrenwillfaceatcollege.C．Howtopayfortheirchildren'scollegeeducation.D．Thefuturetheirchildrenwillhaveaftercollege.

【小題2】WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph6?A．Internationalstudentsarelookeddownuponatsomeuniversities.B．Someuniversitiesonlyofferfinancialaidtolocalstudents.C．Internationalstudentscan'tgetfinancialaidatmostuniversities.D．Therearestrictrulesaboutfinancialaidforinternationalstudents.小題3】WhocanreceivetheFreemanScholarship?A．BCTony,anAmericanwhohasappliedforfinancialaidSusan,aChinesegirlwhoisgiftedinmathematics.Ann,aJapanesegirlwhoplaysmusic.A．BCTony,anAmericanwhohasappliedforfinancialaidSusan,aChinesegirlwhoisgiftedinmathematics.Ann,aJapanesegirlwhoplaysmusic.Joe,aCanadianwhoplaysbasketballverywell.ofthetext?D．【小題4】WhatisthebesttitleA．Schoolsysteminwesterncountries.C．Howtopayfortheforeigncollegeeducation?B．Collegetuitioncostathomeandabroad.D．Howtoapplyforfinancialaidforlocalstudents?Nearly40yearsago,PeterHarrison,amarineecologistwitnessedthefirstrecordedlarge-scalecoralbleaching（珊瑚白化）event.DivingintheGreatBarrierReef（大堡礁），hewasshockedbythescenebeforehim.“Thereefwasmadeupofhealthycoralsandbadlybleachedwhitecorals,likethebeginningofaghostcity,”hesays.Justmonthsbefore,thesamesitewasfilledwithcolorfultropicallife.“Manyofthehundredsofcoralsthathadbeencarefullylabelledandmonitoredfinallydied,”hesays.“Itwasshockingandmademeawareofjusthowweakthesecoralsreallyare.”Coralexiststogetherwithphotosyntheticalgae（藻類），whichliveinitstissuesandprovideessentialnutrition（andcoloration）.Buthightemperaturesandotherstressescanturnalgaepoisonous.Whenthisoccurs，thealgaemaydieorberemovedbythecoral，aprocessknownasbleachingbecausethecoral'scleartissueandwhitecalciumcarbonateskeleton（碳酸鈣骨骼）areexposed.Ifthecoralcan'treestablishitslinkwithalgae，itwillstarveorbecomeill.ThewidespreaddestructionHarrisonsawin1982wasrepeatedonmanyotherPacificOceanreefsthatyearandthenext.In1997and1998thephenomenonwentglobal，killingsome16percentoftheworld'scorals.Withrisingtemperatures,pollution,disease,increasedoceanacidity,invasivespeciesandotherdangers,Harrison'sghostcitiesareexpanding.Scientistssupposethataboutfourdecadesagoseverebleachingoccurredroughlyevery25years,givingcoralstimetorecover.Butbleachingeventsarecomingfasternow—abouteverysixyears—andinsomeplacessoontheycouldbegintohappenannually.“Theabsolutekeyisdealingwithglobalwarming,”saysmarinebiologistTerryHughes.“Nomatterhowmuchwecleanupthewater,thereefswilldie.”In2016,arecord-hotyearinastringofthem,91percentofthereefsthatconsistoftheGreatBarrierReefbleached.【小題1】PeterHarrisonwasshockedwhendivingintheGreatBarrierReef,because.A．thereefsweremadeupofpreciouscoralsB．hesawthecoralshehadtaggedbeforeC．thecoralswereruinedbadlyandquicklyD．hefoundaghostcitywithtropicallife【小題2】Paragraph3ismainlyabout.A．thecausesofcoralB．theweaknessofcoralsandalgaebleachingC．theelementsthatmakeD．theprocessofbuildingalinkwithalgaediealgae【小題3】Thephrase“Harrison'sghostcities"inParagraph4mostprobablyrefersto.A．thecoralbleachingB．invasivespeciesC．globalwarmingD．thepollutedocean【小題4】Whatcanbelearnedfromthepassage?A．Withalgaelivinginitstissues,coral'swhiteskeletonisexposed.B．Thereefsdiebecausethewaterhasn'tbeencleanedthoroughlyC．Solvingglobalwarmingistherealsolutiontocoralbleaching.D．Theseverestcoralbleachingoccurredaboutfourdecadesago.AresearchteamledbyChunshuiYuandMulinJunLiofTianjinMedicalUniversityhasdiscoveredtwonewgenespotentiallyinvolvedinAlzheimer'sdisease.Theyidentifiedthembyexploringwhichgeneswereturnedonandoffinthehippocampusofpeoplewhosufferedfromthedisease.Theteam'snewfindingsarepublishedonFebruary25thinPLOSGenetics.Alzheimer'sdiseaseisatypeofbraindisorderthatcausesproblemswithmemory,thinkingandbehavior.Thisisagraduallyprogressivecondition.Thehippocampus,partofthebraininvolvedinmemory,isoneofthefirstregionstosustaindamage.Tobetterunderstandwhichgenescontributetotheprogressionofthisheritabledisease,theresearchersidentifiedgenesexpressedathigherorlowerlevelsinthehippocampusofpeoplewithAlzheimer'sdiseasecomparedtohealthybrains.Theyidentified24Alzheimer's-relatedgenesthatappeartohaveaneffectthroughthehippocampus,usingpreviousgenomicandhippocampusgeneexpressiondata.Manygeneswerealreadyknowntocontributetothedisease,suchasAPOE,buttwowereunknown,PTPN9andPCDHA4.Additionally,severalareinvolvedinbiologicalprocessrelatedtoAlzheimer'sdisease,suchascelldeath.Theresearchteamfurthervalidatedtheirfindingsbycomparinggeneexpressionforthetwodozengenestoimagesoftheindividuals'brains.InAlzheimer'sdisease,damageandlossofneuronscausesthehippocampustodecrease,whichcanbemeasuredthroughmedicalimaging.TheresearchersestablishedthatexpressionoftwoofthegenesisrelatedtothesizeofthehippocampusofAlzheimer'sdisease.Overall,thenewfindingsimproveourunderstandingofthegeneticandcellularmechanismsthatcauseAlzheimer'sdisease.Thenextstepwillbetoinvestigatetherolesofthetwonovelgenesandhowtheycontributetothisharmfuldisease.【小題1】HowdidtheresearchteamfindthetwogenesrelatedtoAlzheimer'sdisease?A．Byclosingthehippocampusofpeople.B．Byexploringtheswitchstateofthegenes.C．Byturningonandoffthegenesofthepatient.D．Bydiscoveringgenesinthehippocampusofpeople.【小題2】Whatdoestheunderlinedword“validated"meaninParagraph3?A．Reported.B．Conducted.C．Confirmed.D．Exposed.【小題3】WhatcanweinferaboutthesizeofthehippocampusinAlzheimer'sdisease.A．Itcomesinasmallersize.B．Thereisnowaytomeasureitssize.C．ItresultsindamageandlossD．Ithelpstoidentifyofneurons.Alzheimer'sdisease.【小題4】Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A．ItisvitaltocontinuethestudyofAlzheimer'sdisease.B．ThecauseofAlzheimer'sdiseasehasbeenfound.C．TheAlzheimer'sdiseasewillbecuredsoonbytheresearchteam.D．TwonovelgeneslikelylinkedtoAlzheimer'sdiseasehavebeendiscovered.二、七選五IfyourInternetorcablebillismorethanyoucanaffordorsuddenlylookshigherthanyousignedupfor—you'rehardlyalone.ManyAmericanInternetandcableTVcompaniesemployashellgameoflimited-timepromotionsandhidden,variableservicefeestogetustopaymoreovertime.【小題1】HerearesometricksIlearnedfromInternetserviceprovidersandconsumeradvocates.【小題2】CheckthewebsiteBroadbandNowtofindalltheavailableserviceprovidersspecifictoyourZipcode.Thesite'sdatabaseisoneofthebest,thoughnotalltheoptionslistedwillnecessarilyofferspeedssufficienttokeepawholefamilyonlineallatonce.Ifyou'reluckyenoughtohaveoptions,youcouldevenswitchprovidersafterpromotionalpricingrunsout.【小題3】Justthreatentodropservice.ManyInternetserviceproviderswouldrathercutyourratestokeepyouasacustomerthantrytowinyoubacklater.Callingandthreateningtoquitisn'tfunforyouorthepersonworkinginthecustomer-retentiondepartment,butitcanwork.Asktohaveaccesstothelatestpromotionalofferforyourarea.Don'tbemean:【小題4】Buyyourownmodemandrouter.WhenyougetInternet,youneedtwopiecesofhardwaretomakeitwork:amodemandarouter(sometimescombinedintooneboxcalledagateway).Mostcompaniesprovidetheirown,andevensetitupandthenchargeyoutorentitfrom$10to$25permonth.Butyoudon'thavetorenttheirequipment—youcanbuyyourown.Inmyhouse,Iusea$150ArrisSurfboardmodempluggedintoa$130EerorouterforWiFi.【小題5】Itmightevenworkbetterthanwhatyourproviderisrenting.A．Trytoswitchproviders.B．Signupforthediscountprogram.C．Justremembertosetacalendarreminder.D．Sowhatcanyoudonowifyourbillisjusttoohigh?E．Youcatchmoreflieswithhoneythanyoudowithvinegar.F．Thisapproachwillcostyoumorefirstbutwillsaveyouinthelongrun.G．Youcouldtrycallingyourcityofficialsandtellthemyouneedmoreoptions.三、完形填空WhentheCovid-19pandemicstruckIndonesia'sislandofBali,tourism-thedrivingeconomicforceintheregion-justaboutcametoahalt.MorethanhalfofBali'seconomicprofitscomesfromtourismwhichhundredsofthousandsofBalinesepeople.Manymovedbacktotheirhomevillages.Andwithmorepeoplereturningtothevillages,moretrash.Withsomanypeopleoutofwork，theywerealsogoing.MadeJanurYasa,arestaurantownerinthetownofUbudsaidhewantedtofindawaytohelppeopleinhiscommunityduringthepandemicwhilealsotheongoingproblemofplasticpollution.So,heaprogramwherelocalvillagerscouldexchangeplasticforrice—abartersystemthatwouldtheenvironmentandempowerthelocalpeople.Residentscanturninplastictrashtheyinexchangeforamainfoodstaple.InMay2020,hethefirstexchangeinthevillagewherehewasbornandraised.Itwasasuccess,andthequicklyspreadtoothervillagesacrossBali.Hisnon-profit，PlasticExchange,wasborn.TheprogramlocalneighborhoodgroupscalledBanjarsthatcollectplasticfromtheirhomes,streets,rivers,beachesandsurroundingareas.Villagesholdcommunityexchangeonceamonthinwhichresidentscanbringinplastictotradeinforrice.Yasasaystheorganizationhassofarhelpedthousandsoffamiliesandcollected300tonsofplasticforrecycling.

Teenagerscomewithasmile.Elderlypeoplearethere.Youngkidscomewiththeirmothers.That'swhatkeepsme,toseethemallexcitedaboutit.”Yasasaid.“Theywerefeelingpowerless,andthisgivesthem.”A．confidenceB．responsibilityC．hopeD．respectA．confidenceB．responsibilityC．hopeD．respect小題1】A．improvesB．employsC．amusesD．guarantees【小題2】A．piledupB．usedupC．putupD．cleanedup【小題3】A．thirstyB．crazyC．exhaustedD．hungry【小題4】A．raisingB．sharingC．addressingD．producing【小題5】A．startedB．quitC．acceptedD．supported【小題6】A．renewB．benefitC．destroyD．threaten【小題7】A．threwB．removedC．collectedD．witnessed【小題8】A．hostedB．cancelledC．approachedD．impressed【小題9】A．principleB．definitionC．knowledgeD．concept【小題10】A．setsupB．bringstogetherC．picksoutD．dependson【小題11】A．practicesB．contestsC．eventsD．beliefs【小題12】A．inspireB．disturbC．affectD．feed【小題13】A．hardlyB．nearlyC．barelyD．obviously【小題14】A．goingB．passingC．rushingD．recording小題15】四、用單詞的適當形式完成短文閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。Asanaturephotographer,Ihavetobravethewindandtherain,butIstillenjoyworkingoutsideinthewild.Ienjoyobservinganimalsintheir【小題1】(nature)environment.Lastspring,Ifollowedapaththattookmethrough【小題2】darkforest.WhenIfinallysteppedoutofthetrees,theviewwasbreathtaking.Aneagleflewoverthesnow-cappedmountains,which【小題3】(reflect)inthestilllakebelow.WhileIwasconcentratedonphotographingthis【小題4】(amaze)thing,IsuddenlyhadafeelingthatIwasbeingwatched.【小題5】(slow)andwiththecamerastillheldtomyeye,Iturned???andfroze.Onlymetersawayfrommewasabear.Withwaterfallingoffitsthick,brownhair,thebearstaredbackat【小題6】(I).TimestoodstillasthebearandIbothwaitedtosee【小題7】wouldmovefirst.Mylegsstartedshaking.SomehowIforcedmyfinger【小題8】(press)thebutton.Asecondlater,thebearturnedandranbackintotheforest.WhenIrecovered【小題9】theshock,Ilookedatmycamera.Mymostfrighteningbutmagicalexperiencewasnowcapturedforeverinasingleimage.FromtimetotimeIlookatthephotoasaremindertoshowrespecttoallanimals.Itisafterallwewhoarethe【小題10】(visitor)totheirworld.五、其他應用文假定你是李華，為樹立“勞動光榮”的理念，上周日你校舉辦了“文明校園?從我做起”衛(wèi)生大掃除活動。請你為校英文報寫一篇報道，內容包括：參加人員；活動內容：打掃餐廳、整理圖書館圖書、清理校園垃圾等；活動意義。注意：1.寫作詞數應為80左右；請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。參考詞匯：大掃除thoroughcleaningCivilizedCampusStartsFromMe六、讀后續(xù)寫閱讀下面材料，根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。ThefamiliarsmellofgarlicandonionfilledtheairasIopenedmylunchbagtoseewhatmymomhadpackedforme.Onanyotheroccasion,Iwouldhavebeendelightedto