南陽(yáng)市新野縣2023年考研《英語(yǔ)一》深度自測(cè)卷含解析

南陽(yáng)市新野縣2023年考研《英語(yǔ)一》深度自測(cè)卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從16-35各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Shealwaysworeaflowerinherhair．MostlyIthoughtitlooked1．Aflowertowork?Butnoonequestionedtheyoungwomanwhyaflower2hertoworkeachday．Infact,weprobablywouldhavebeenmorecuriousifshehad3withoutit．Shedidsooneday4shedeliveredaprojecttomyoffice．“I5thereisnoflowerinyourhairtoday,"Isaid6．"I'msousedtoseeingyouwearone7italmostseemsasifsomethingis8．”“Oh,yes,"sherepliedquietly,inarathersadvoice．Thiswasfarfromher_24_brightpersonality．Iknewlhadquestionedsomething9thanalostflower．“Todayistheanniversaryofmymother'sdeath．I10hersomuchthatI'mverysad．WhenIwasalittlegirl,mymotherwouldoften11flowersinmyhair．ButwhenIwas15shediedofcancer．I'vejustalwayswornaflowerinmyhairsincethenand12mademefeelasthoughshe13withme．Today,however,Ithinkshewouldlikea14thatIambecomingself-dependent,aftertenyearsofherdeath．Anditseemsthatitistheflowerthathasto15．”Shemetmyeyesandthensmiledsadly．“Ineedn'twearaflowertobe16ofher．Itwasjustanoutwardsignofmytreasured17they'restillthereevenwiththeflowergone…Oh,here'sthe18Ihopeitmeetswithyouragreement．"She19metheneatlyprepareddocument,signedwithahand-drawnflowerbelowhername．1、A．stupidB．childishC．strangeD．ugly2、A．a(chǎn)ccompaniedB．broughtC．a(chǎn)llowedD．encouraged3、A．shownupB．goneupC．jumpedupD．dressedup4、A．beforeB．a(chǎn)fterC．whenD．until5、A．senseB．discoverC．doubtD．notice6、A．freelyB．firmlyC．calmlyD．worriedly7、A．a(chǎn)sB．thatC．whichD．what8、A．missingB．goingC．happeningD．changing9、A．normalB．generalC．commonD．usual10、A．prettierB．betterC．biggerD．earlier11、A．a(chǎn)ppreciateB．wantC．respectD．miss12、A．putB．sentC．handedD．took13、A．thisB．itC．a(chǎn)tD．one14、A．stayedB．studiedC．workedD．slept15、A．wordB．signC．patternD．model16、A．meltB．dieC．goD．pass17、A．informedB．remindedC．toldD．remembered18、A．impressionsB．memoriesC．secretsD．wishes19、A．storyB．endingC．projectD．gift20、A．lentB．sentC．postedD．handedSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1JournalismFellowshipsInthisimportantyearforEurope,hereisyourchancetobecomeoneofthefinestreportersandlaunchacareerattwoofthemostgloballyfamousnewsorganizations—TheEconomist&theFinancialTimes.Belowarethedetails.Whatdotheprizesinvolveandwhohastherightqualifications?Twoawardsareonoffer:one,foraBritishapplicant,willconsistofathree-monthfellowship(職員身份)incontinentalEuropeatTheEconomist;theother,foranapplicantfromelsewhereintheEuropeanUnion,willbeinLondonattheFinancialTimesalsolastingthreemonths.Bothwinnerswillalsoreceive￡6,000tocoveraccommodationandtravel.ThefellowshipsareopenonlytoEuropeanUnioncitizens.Whoarethefellowshipssuitedfor?Thefellowshipsareestablishedspeciallyforthoseambitiousearly-careerjournalistswithboldideasandalivelywritingstyle,eachcapableofadaptingtotheexcitementandpressuresofamodernnewsroom.ThefellowshouldhaveaparticularinterestandcuriosityaboutEuropeanaffairs,astheprizeaimstohelpcontinentalwritersunderstandBritainandBritishwritersunderstandEurope.Whatisthisyear’ssubject?WhatisEurope’sgreatestweakness?Pleasechoosethecountry,institution,orissuethatisofgreatestconcern.Howtoapply?Pleasesendasubmissiononthesubjectabove,togetherwithaCV(簡(jiǎn)歷)andcoveringletter.Thesubmissioncanbe:anunpublishedwrittenarticle,blogpostordata-richessayofmax850wordsanunpublished2-minutevideoEntriesshouldbesent,bytheclosingdateofMay16th2018,bye-mailtoncprize@.SuccessfulapplicantswillbeinformedbytheendofJuly2018.1、WhyistheBritishwinnertobepostedatTheEconomist?A．Forhimorhertotourmoreplaces.B．ForhimorhertoknowEuropebetter.C．Tohelphimorherunderstandeconomics.D．ForhimorhertobecomeaEuropeanUnioncitizen.2、Whoarethefellowshipsintendedfor?A．Collegestudents.B．Amateurwriters.C．Newjournalists.D．Europeanpoliticians.3、Whichofthefollowingcanbeacceptedasapropersubmission?A．Apublishedblogpost.B．Anunpublished800-wordessay.C．Anunpublishedphoto.D．A3-minutevideo.Text2Duringtheperiodfrom1660through1800,GreatBritainbecametheworld’sleader.Languageitselfbecamesubmittedtorulesduringthisperiod.ThisneedtofixtheEnglishlanguageisbestillustrated(描述)inthemakingofTheDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguagebySamuelJohnson.GuidestotheEnglishlanguagehadbeeninexistencebeforeJohnsonbeganhisprojectin1746.These,however,wereoftenlittlemorethanlistsofhardwords.Whendefinitionsofcommonwordsweresupplied,theywereoftenunhelpful.Forexample,a“horse”wasdefinedinanearlydictionaryas“abeastwellknown”.Johnsonchangedallthat,butthetaskwasnotaneasyone.Rentingahouseat17GoughSquare,Johnsonbeganworkingintheworstofconditions.Supportedonlybyhispublisher,JohnsonworkedontheDictionarywithfiveassistants.ComparedtotheFrenchAcademy’sdictionary,whichtookfortyworkersfifty-fiveyearstocomplete(1639-1694),Johnson’sdictionarywascompletedbyveryfewpeopleveryquickly.Balancedonachairwithonlythreelegs,Johnsonsatagainstawallinaroomfilledwithbooks.Johnsonwouldreadwidelyfromthesebooks,markpassagesillustratingtheuseofaparticularword,andgivethebookstohisassistantssothattheycouldcopythepassagesonslipsofpaper.TheseslipswerethenstucktoeightylargenotebooksunderthekeywordsthatJohnsonhadselected.Fixingthewordbythismethod,Johnsoncouldrecordaword，susageanditsdefinition.Howmanypassageswereused?AccordingtoJohnson’smodernbiographerWalterJacksonBate,theoriginaltotalnumbercouldhavebeenover20,000.Howmanywordsweredefinedbythelexicographer?Over40,000wordsappearedintwolargebooksinAprilof1755.DidJohnsonfullyunderstandthehugetaskhewasundertakingwhenhebegan?AshetoldhiscontemporarybiographerJamesBoswell,“IknewverywellwhatIwasundertakingandverywellhowtodoit—andhavedoneitverywell.”1、WhatistheproblemofearlyEnglishdictionaries?A．Theyonlyoffersimplepictures.B．Theylistjustafewforeignwords.C．Theysimplygivesometranslations.D．Theyaddnomorethansomebigwords.2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“l(fā)exicographer”inparagraph4referto?A．Apublisher. B．Abiographer.C．Amakerofdictionaries. D．Anassistant.3、WhatcanweinferaboutSamuelJohnsonfromthetext?A．HestandardizedEnglish.B．Hecaredaboutauthorityalot.C．Hegainedmuchfinancialsupport.D．Hecomplainedofworkingconditions.4、Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?A．Todiscusstheproblemsofdictionaries.B．Toencouragepeopletoworkonaproject.C．Topersuadepeopletobuythenewdictionary.D．TointroducehowJohnsoncompletehisdictionary.Text3HaveyouevernoticedhowAmericansfilluptheirentireglasswithiceandthenpourtheirbeverage(飲品)in,butEuropeanstaketheirdrinksatroomtemperature?IntheU.S.,we’vecreatedfridgesthatgiveyoucoldiceatthepressofabutton,butinBritaintheytypicallyservetheirtapwaterwarm.Thistradition—ifthat’swhatyouwanttocallit-datesbacktothe19thcentury.Duringthattime,itwasalreadycommonplaceformostAmericanhomestohaveanicebox.IcewouldbeharvestedinnorthernAmericaorCanadaandshippedacrosstheAtlanticandsoldatahighpriceinBritishdepartmentstores.CanyouimagineheadingtoMacy’stotreatyourselftoablockofice?Puttingiceinyourdrinkstartedtobecomesomewhatofafashion(時(shí)尚)trendforthewealthyinBritain.Somewouldputafewcubesintheirchampagneandsipontheirchilleddrinksathigh-classparties.But,likewithanyfashiontrend,iteventuallyfaded,mainlybecausetheicewasjusttooexpensive.AndevenonceiceboxesbeganappearinginhomesinBritainaswell,Britsnevertookalikingtoiceintheirdrinks.So,nexttimeyoutraveloverseas,don’tfeeloffended(冒犯)whenyourservergivesyouaneyerollwhenyouaskforicewater.1、Whohaswrittenthetext?A．AEuropean.B．AnAmerican.C．ACanadian.D．AnAsian.2、WhydoEuropeanstaketheirdrinksatroomtemperature?A．Becausetheyhavenofridges.B．Becausetheyhavewarmtaps.C．Becausetheyareaccustomedtoit.D．Becausetheycan’taffordice.3、WhatcanweinferaboutBrits?A．Theytreattheirgueststocolddrinks.B．TheyalwaysfollowwhatAmericansdo.C．Theydon’tknowwheretogeticeblocks.D．TheyhaveiceboxeslaterthanAmericans.4、Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A．WhyAmericanslikeicydrinkswhileEuropeansdon’t.B．Whenpeopleoverseashaveicydrinkswiththeirmeals.C．Wherepeoplecanentertainthemselveswithicydrinks.D．HowEuropeansandAmericansmakedifferentbeverage.Text4Flyingtoanothercountrycansometimestakeseveraldays.Butthedesignerofafuturisticjet(噴氣式飛機(jī))sayshisplanecouldtakeyouaroundtheworldinyourlunchbreak.AccordingtoanarticleinTheSun,theplanet,calledtheAntipode,couldcarry10peopleanduserocketboosters(火箭助推器)togo12kmhigh.ThenitcouldflyfromLondontoNewYorkinlessthan20minutes,orfromNewYorktoShanghaiin24minutes.AnormalBoeing747hasatopspeedof917km/h.ThefastestplaneintheworldrightnowisAirForceOne.ItcarriesthepresidentoftheUnitedStatesandcanreach1,092km/h.ButtheAntipodewouldbecapableofreachingacrazy25,750km/h!CanadiandesignerCharlesBombardiersayshisplanecouldbe10timesfasterthantheConcorde,whichcouldflyat2,180km/h.TheConcordeusedtobetheworld’sfastestpassengerplanebetween1976and2003.ButtheConcordewasverynoisyanditsnosegotdangerouslyhotwhenitflew,AConcordecrashedin2000,killing114people.NoConcordeswereflownagainafter2003.TheAntipodesdesignincludesaspecialnosethatstopsitfromoverheatingandhavingthesameproblemsthattheConcordedid.Newtechnology,recentlytestedbyNASA,makestheAntipodetheperfectshapeandweighttoflyfastandsafely.“It’salwayssomethingthatpeoplewouldlike—atransportationsystemthatcouldtakeyoufromoneplaceontheplanettotheotherside,”MrBombardiertoldtheBBC．Don’ttrytobuyaticketontheplaneyet,though.Thedesignisjustaconceptandwillneedmoreresearchbeforeitbecomesareality.1、WhatisthebiggestdifferencebetweentheAntipodeandothernormalplanes?A．Itcanflymuchfaster.B．Itcanholdmanymorepeople.C．Itcanflymuchhigher.D．Itcanbemuchsafer.2、WhichofthefollowingabouttheplanesisNOTtrue?A．ABoeing747canreachaspeedof917km/h.B．AirForceOneisthefastestplaneintheworld.C．ThepresidentoftheUnitedStatesusuallytakesaBoeing747.D．TheAntipodecouldbeabout24timesfasterthanAirForceOne.3、WhatdoweknowabouttheConcorde?a.Itusedtobetheworld’sbiggestpassengerplane.b.Itmadeloudnoiseswhenitwasflying.c.Itsnosegotdangerouslyhotwhenitflew.d.Itstoppedflyingafter2000.A．a(chǎn)bB．bcC．cdD．a(chǎn)d4、Accordingtothestory,weknowthat________.A．a(chǎn)USdesignerdesignedtheAntipodeB．peoplenowcanbookatickettoflyontheAntipodeC．theAntipodehasalreadybeenproducedD．theAntipodewon’thavetheproblemsthattheConcordehadPartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)JohnSnowwasafamousdoctorinLondon,whowassoexpertthatheattendedQueenVictoriaasher1．(person)physicianButhewasfamousfor2．(defeat)“KingCholera”Cholerawasadeadlydiseaseandneitheritscause3．itscurewasunderstoodJohnwantedtofacethechallengeandsolvetheproblemHesuspectedthatpeopleabsorbedthisdiseaseintotheirbodieswiththeirmealssowhenanothersevereoutbreak4．(hit)London,hebeganhisenquiryBygatheringinformationandmaking5．(far)investigations,hefoundthatmanyvictimslinkedtotheoutbreakwerenearthewaterpump,sohegotthehandle6．(remove)SoonafterwardsthediseasesloweddownHedrewtheconclusion7．thepollutedwaterwas8．(blame)Thewater9．(company)wereinstructednottoexposepeople10．pollutedwateranymoreFinally“KingCholera”wasdefeatedHowwouldyoufeelifyouwokeupandfoundyourentirecomputers—includingyourphotos,yourrecentdocuments—nolonger1．(access)?Whatifyoufoundoutthattheyhadbeenwipedfromyourcomputer,2．(leave)youwithnothingbutheartache?Guesswhat?IthappenstopeopleeverysingledayEveryday,peopleacrossthecountryheadintotheirlocalApplestorein3．(tear),brokencomputerinhand,prayingastheywaitinlinethatanexpensiverepairmight,justmight,recoverthepriceless,irreplaceablefilesAfewgetlucky4．fortherest,there’snothinganyonecando5．(help)Hasn’tithappenedtoyou?Ifyourcomputerremainsunprotected,itwill,andit’sonly6．matteroftimeButthanks7．recentbreakthroughsincomputerbackup(備份)technology,younowhaveanumberofoptionstoprepare,andifyou’resmart,whenyourcomputer8．(crash),youshouldn’thaveanytrouble9．(get)100%ofyourfilesbackthatsamedayI’mnottalkingaboutanexternalharddriveI’mtalkingaboutanonlinebackupsolutionthatruns10．(quiet)inthebackgroundonyourcomputerIfyouhaveoneinstalled(安裝)，whenyourcomputercrashes,you’llbejustoneclickawayfrombringingyourfilesbacktolifeSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Manypeoplethinkonlyprofessionals—engineers,accountants,teachers,etc.—havecareers.1、Evenifyou’veneverhadapaidjob,youstillhaveacareer.Yourcareeristhesumofyourlifeandwork.Itincludesallyouractivitiesandexperiences.Yourschooling,yourvolunteerwork,andevenyourrelationshipswithyourfamilyareallbigpartsofyourcareer.2、Duringyourcareer,youwillhaveavarietyofjobs,occupationsandroles.Peopleusedtothinkofajobasfull-time,permanent,paidworkdoneforanemployerataworksite.Butinourchangingworld,ajobisasetofdutiesortasks.Itcanbepaidorunpaid.3、Evensomeonewhoisself-employedhasajob.Anoccupationisagroupofjobswithsimilarresponsibilitiesthatrequireacommonsetofskills.4、Programmersmayhavepermanentortemporaryjobsworkingforspecificemployers,beself-employed,workfull-timeorpart-time,bepaidfortheirworkorvolunteertheirservices.Theymaychangejobsorholdseveraljobsatonetimebut,untiltheychangethetypeofdutiesortaskstheyperform,theyarestillcomputerprogrammers.5、Weallplayanumberofrolesinourlivesandourrolesoftenchangeovertime.Forexample,Krisworksfourdaysaweekasareceptionistinaclinicandtakeseveningcoursesinsocialwork.Shealsosewsgymnasticwearforherneighborwhosellsitatsummermarkets.NowKrishasatleastthreeroles.A．Aroleisapartyouplay.B．Actuallyeveryonehasacareer.C．Inotherwords,yourcareerisyourlifestory.D．Forexample,computerprogrammerisanoccupation.E.Asamatteroffact,ajobisdifferentfromaroleinsomeway.F.Itcanbecompletedataworksite,athome,orsomewhereelse.G.Thefollowingisaboutyourwork,yourfamily,andyourlifestory.第二節(jié)（共5小題；根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填人空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。OnatypicalhotAugustdayinXianyouCounty,FujianProvince,ZengDemei,aretiredworkerinhisseventies,hurriesdownabusystreet．Inhishandisablackleatherbag．Zengopenshisbag,takingouttwoforms．71Eachoftheformscontainsdetailedinformationofastudent．Onhisarrivaltwohourslaterawomangreetshimandleadshimtoherofficewhereanothermaniswaiting．Theyarethetwovillageofficials．TheyinspecttheformshandedtothembyZengandimmediatelyrecognizethegirls．72?"It’sapitybutitdoesn'tmatter．"saysZeng,whowastesnotimeindecidingtolookfortheremainingchild,SuQiuju．Afterhalfanhour,theystopoutsideasmallhousemadeofmudbrick．Amiddle-agedmanandagirlinafadedpinkdressgreetthem．SuQiujuiseightyearsold．Shewasforcedtodropoutofschoolafterbothherparentsdied．Sheisnowlivingwithherunclewhocannotaffordhisownchildren