仁愛版八年級上冊英語單元話題知識點詳解

仁愛版八年級上冊英語單元話題知識點詳解Unit1PlayingSportsTopic1I’mgoingtoplaybasketball.SectionA1a1.Ioftensawyouplaybasketballduringthesummerholiday.1/see…do&see…doing前者意為“看見…做某事”,而未指定具體哪一次。后者意為“看見…正在做某事”,特指某一次。eg.Wesometimesseethemswimintherivernearhere.有時我們看見他們在附近的那條河里游泳。Mr.Chensawhissonswimmingaloneintheriverjustnow.剛才陳先生看見他兒子一個人在河里游泳。2/during介詞，意為“在…期間”eg.Whatdidyoudoduringyourtrip?旅行期間你干嘛了？2.Youknow,wearegoingtohaveabasketballgameagainstClassThreeonSunday.against介詞，意為“反對，對立”eg.Look!Heisstandingagainstthewall.看！他正靠墻站著。Weareagainstbuildinganewzoo.我們反對建一個新動物園。3.Wouldyouliketocomeandcheeruson?cheeron意為“鼓勁，加油”eg.Shewillbeinthe100-meterrace.Let’scheerheron,OK?她要參加百米賽跑了，讓我們給她加油，好嗎？1cMichaeldoesn’tlikeplayingbasketball,buthehastopracticeeveryday.practice意為“練習”，practicedoing意為“練習做…”eg.TomoftenpracticesspeakingChineseinpublic.湯姆經(jīng)常當眾練習講漢語。1dBothofthemhopetheirteamwillwin.both意為“兩者都…”,用作主語時謂語動詞要采用復數(shù)格式。eg.Bothofhisparents

are

doctors.他的父母都是醫(yī)生。2Whichsportdoyouprefer,swimmingorrowing?prefer意為“（二者相比）更喜歡”,prefer…to…是常見的搭配，意為“與…相比較更加喜歡…”eg.IpreferChineseteatocoffee.同咖啡相比我更加喜歡中式茶飲。Wepreferstayingathometodoingsomeshoppingonweekdays.周末相比購物我們更加喜歡待在家里。SectionB1a1.He’s2.26mterestall.HeplayedfortheHoustonRocketsintheNBA.1/He’s2.26mterestall.→Howtallishe?2/playfor效力于、為…效力2.Whatareyougoingtobewhenyougrowup?growup意為“成長、長大”1cbutsheisgoingtobe_____inthefuture.inthefuture意為“在將來、在未來”eg.Whatwillourearthbelikeinthefuture?將來我們的地球會什么樣呢？SectionC1a1.Shespendshalfanhourexercisinginthegymeveryday.spend意為“花費”（時間或錢），常見句式為spend…on…和spend…（in）doing…eg.Youspenttoomuchmoneyonclothes.你在穿戴上花費了太多的錢。Weshouldspendmoretime(in)helpingtheold.我們應該多花些時間幫助老年人。2.Sheisalsogoodatjumping.begoodat=dowellin意為“出色、擅長”eg.Myfatherisgoodatcatchingfish.=Myfatherdoeswellincatchingfish.我爸爸擅長捕魚。3.Thereisgoingtobeaschoolsportsmeetnextweekend.Therebe句型的一般將來時態(tài)往往采用Therewillbe…或Thereis/aregoingtobe…eg.Therewillbeawonderfulmovienextweek.下周將有一部精彩的電影。Therearegoingtobemanyvisitorshereinthefuture.這里將來會有很多參觀者的。4.Sheisgoingtotakepartyinthehighjumpandthelongjump.takepartin與join都有“參加”之意，區(qū)別如下：1/HejoinedthePartythreeyearsago.他三年前入黨。（組織、黨派或社團）Wearegoingtoplanttreesthisafternoon.Willyoujoinus?我們下午要去植樹，你想跟我們一道去嗎？（意為“同…一起”）而joinin往往指參加某項活動eg.Wejoinedinthebasketballgame,butwelostit.我們參加了籃球賽，但是輸?shù)袅恕?/TomisgoingtohaveabirthdaypartyathishomethisSunday?Willyoutakepartinit?湯姆這周日要在家開生日聚會，你要參加嗎？（活動）5.Theyaresurethattheywillwin.besurethat+句子，意為“確定，肯定”eg.I’mquitesurethathecangettoschoolontime.我十分確定他會準時到校。1dIsitgoodforyourhealth?begoodfor對…有好處、有益eg.Fruitsandvegetablesaregoodforus.水果和蔬菜對我們有益。2a1/Becauseitmakeshimstrongandit’spopularallovertheworld.allovertheworld全世界eg.Wehavefriendsallovertheworld.我們的朋友遍天下。2/keepfit與keephealthy都指保持健康，但keepfit強調通過運動鍛煉而獲得健康。SectionD1aTheyareleavingforJapanthedayaftertomorrow…此句使用現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)表達將來。leavefor意為“動身去某地”。eg.Weleftfornextvillageafterashortrest.休息一小會兒后，我們動身前往下一個村落。1b.It’sapitythattheyaregoingto…It’sapitythat+句子,意為“很遺憾…”eg.It’sapitythatyoumissedthebeginningofthemovie.很遺憾你錯過了電影的開頭。Topic2Weshouldlearnteamwork.SectionA1a1.Butoneofmyteammatesfellill.fallill=beill生病，病倒2.Wouldyoumindteachingme?mind（動）介意、在乎；（名）思想、想法。用作動詞時后面常常接名詞、代詞、doing或句子來做賓語。eg.Doyoumindonions?你介意洋蔥嗎？Wouldyoumindwakingmeupearly?你介意早點叫醒我嗎？Doyoumindnotthrowingbottlesaround?你介意不要亂丟瓶子嗎？Shedoesn’tmindwhenthemeetingwillbeover.她并不介意會議何時結束。3.Keeptrying.keepdoing堅持做…、不斷做…1c.give…ahand幫助…eg.Themathproblemistoodifficult.Couldyoupleasegivemeahand?SectionB1a1.Don’tshoutatmelikethat.shoutat朝…喊叫eg.Youshouldn’tshoutatyourparents.你不該朝你父母喊叫。2.Michaeldoesn’tdowellinsoccerbuthedidhisbest.doonebest=tryone’sbest盡某人最大努力eg.Wedidn’twinthegame,thoughwedidourbest.我們輸?shù)袅吮荣悾M管我們盡了最大的努力。3.…don’tbeangrywitheachother,beangrywith生某人的氣4.IamsorryforwhatIsaid.besorryfor為…而遺憾、感到抱歉eg.Wewereverysorryfortheresult.我們?yōu)檫@結果而抱歉。5.Youaresuretohavemoresun.1/besuretodo一定會…、肯定會…eg.Youaresuretopassthetest.你們一定會通過考試的。2/besureof/about確信或對某事有把握eg.I’mquitesureabouttheanswer.對于這個答案我很有把握。SectionC1a1.invent(動)發(fā)明、創(chuàng)造；inventor(名)發(fā)明家；invention(名)發(fā)明、創(chuàng)造2.BasketballisoneofthemostpopularsportsintheUnited…popular流行的、受歡迎的，themostpopular是popular的最高級形式，意為“最流行的、最受歡迎的”，注意：最高級形式前要使用定冠詞the。3.Atfirst,itwasanindoorgamesothatstudentscouldplayinbadweather.1/atfirst意為“起初、一開始的時候”eg.Atfirst,IcouldspeakonlyalittleEnglish.起初我只會講一點兒英語。2/sothat意為“目的是…、為了…”，用于引導目的狀語從句，后句中常常使用may或can。eg.Wegotupearlyinthemorningsothatwecouldseethesunrise.早上我們起床很早，為的是能看到日出。4.In1946theNationalBasketballAssociation(NBA)cameintoeintobeing形成、產生5.…andstoptheotherteamfromdoingso.stop…fromdoing意為“阻止…做某事”eg.Thebadweatherstoppedusfromplayingbasketball.6.Butyoumustfollowtherules.followtherules=obeytherules遵守規(guī)則（章）7.Butitismoreimportantforyouandotherplayerstoplayasateam.moreimportant是important的比較級形式，意為“更重要的”2Alargenumberofpeopleenjoyedbasketball.anumberof許多、大量的，用于可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)格式前eg.Therealwaysareanumberofpeopledancinginthecenterofthesquare.SectionD1a…andtheyturnedmostoftheirmainplayersintofamouspersons.turn…into…變…成eg.Youhavetostopandhavearest,iryoumayturnintoamachine.你得停下來歇一歇了，不然會變成一臺機器的。Topic3Theschoolsportsmeetiscoming.SectionA1a1.I’llbeinthelongjumpandthehighjump.bein=joinin/takepartin參加（活動）2.Ibelieveyouwillwin.我相信你會獲勝的。believe,think等詞后接句子時，常見后句否定前移的情況。eg.Ithinkyouareright.→Idon’tthinkyouareright.我認為你不對Theybelievetheycanfly.→Idon’tbelievetheycanfly.我相信他們不會飛。2aIt’smyfirsttimetotakepartinthehighjump.It’sone’sfirsttimetodo…某人初次做某事eg.It’sherfirsttimetoswimalone.這是她初次一個人游泳。SectionB1a1.Hello,isMichaelin?bein在家2.Let’smakeithalfpastsix.讓我們將時間定在6:30.此句為約定時間的用語。SectionC1a1.Therearefiverings,andtheystandforthefivepartsoftheworld.standfor代表、象征2.Youcanfindatleastoneofthesecolorsintheflagofeachcountryintheworld.atleast至少eg.Youshoulddrinkattwoglassesofwatereveryafternoon.3.Theyarebothheldeveryfouryears.他們（冬夏季奧運會）每四年（被）舉辦一次。areheld構成被動語態(tài)，即be+動詞過去分詞eg.Theclassroomiscleanedeveryday.教室每天被打掃。4.Nowadays,theOlympicGamesareheldbydifferentcitiesinturn.inturn輪流、按次序eg.TheywenttotheOldPeople’sHomeinturn.他們輪流去了敬老院。5.TheOlympicGamesarebecomingmoreandmorepopular.moreandmorepopular越來越流行、受歡迎eg.moreandmoreimportant越來越重要moreandmorebeautiful越來越漂亮5.Inthefuture,morecitieswillhavethechancetoholdthe…h(huán)ave…chancetodo有機會做某事eg.IhopeIcanhaveachancetovisitShanghaiDisneyland.SectionD1.…Michaelranveryfastandourclasswonfirstplacewinfirstplace贏得第一(考試或比賽獲得名次時序數(shù)詞前不適用不使用the)2.IwilldomoreexerciseeverydayandIhopesomedayI’llbeabletotakepartintheOlympicGames.1/doexercise鍛煉、做運動2/beableto與canbeableto意為“有能力、能夠”，相比can預期更強烈，可用于各種時態(tài)。eg,WereyouabletowritepoemsinEnglish?你能用英語寫詩嗎？can表示”能、可能”,只有can和could兩種形式eg.CanyouspeakRussian?你會講俄語嗎？Itcouldn’tbeJim.HemovedtoChicagolastmonth.那不可能是吉姆，他上月搬到芝加哥去了。Unit2KeepinghealthyTopic1YoushouldseeadentistSectionA1a1.Youdon’tlookwell.well（形）（身體狀況）好的lookwell系表結構2.Ihaveatoothache.類似表達方式還有：haveacoldhaveafeverhaveacoughhaveaheadachehaveabackachehaveastomachache3.I’msorrytohearthat.besorrytodo為做某事而遺憾、抱歉eg.Weweresorrytokeepyouwaitingforalongtime.很抱歉讓你久等了。4.Ihopeyou’llgetwellsoon.系表結構getwell，意為“好起來、康復”21.stayinbedandhaveagoodsleep.stayinbed臥床haveagoodsleep好好睡一覺SectionB1a1.Howlonghaveyoubeenlikethis?你這樣多久了？eg.havebeen現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)2.You’dbettertakesomemedicine.takemedicine意為“服藥、吃藥”eg.Youshouldtakethemedicinethreetimesaday.1cBrucehasbeenillfortwoday.hasbeen現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)21.Icoughdayandnight.dayandnight日日夜夜alldayandallnight正式日整夜2.Idon’tfeellikeeating.feellikedoing想做某事Idon’tfeellikeeatingoutalone我不想一個人到外面吃飯。3Liedownandrestliedown躺下SectionC1a1.GuesswhathappenedtoMichael.happento發(fā)生eg.Aterribletrafficaccidenthappenedtohimlastweek.上周他出了一起可怕的交通事故。Anearthquakehappenedtothiscitythreeyearsago.三年前這座城市發(fā)生了地震。2.MariaflewherkitewhileMichaelplayedonhisskateboard.while與此同時、當…時eg.IamwatchingTVwhilemysisterislisteningtomusic.當我妹妹聽音樂時我在看電視。1dTakecarefyourself.takecareof=lookafter照顧、照料31.SoI’dliketoaskforoneweek’sleave.askforaleave請假eg.I'mafraidIhavetoaskforaleavetodayasmydaughterissick.恐怕今天我得請假了,我女兒生病了。2.IhopeIcangetwellandreturntoschoolsoon.returnto返回SectionD11.ButI’mworriedaboutmylessons.beworriedabout=worryabout擔心…worried（形）擔心的；worry（動）擔心2.Wecanhelpyouwithyourstudy.help…with…在某方面幫助…eg.SheoftenhelpsuswithourChinese.她常常在漢語方面幫助我們。3.Followthedoctor’sadvice.follow/takeadvice采納、聽從建議(勸告)Youcanpassthetestifyoutakeouradvice.如果你聽從我們的建議就能通過考試。Topic2YoushouldseeadentistSectionA1aStayinguplateisbadforyourhealth.熬夜太晚對你的健康有害。本句用現(xiàn)在分詞做主語eg.Playinginthestreetisverydangerous.在街道上玩耍很危險。2domorningexercises做早操SectionB1aImustaskhimtogiveupsmoking.giveup放棄eg.Shouldwegiveupplayingcomputergames?我們應該放棄玩兒電腦游戲嗎？2aGoingtoschoolwithoutbreakfastisbadforyourhealth.without（介）不、沒有eg.Icanrideabikewithoutfeet.我不用腳能騎自行車。Shecanswimacrosstheriverwithoutanyhelp.她不用幫忙能游過這條河。2bHuFeistudieslateinthenight.inthenight=atnight在夜里SectionC1a1.tomato→tomatoes2.Mothersalwaystelltheirchildrenwhattheyshouldeat.whattheyshouldeat用作tell的賓語，整句構成了主從關系的賓語從句。3.Becarefulnottoeattoomuchsaltorsugar.becarefultodo做某事當心、小心eg.Youshouldbecarefultobehaveatadinnertableinthewest.在西方餐桌上你舉止應該小心。4.Milkisahealthydrink…alwaysforcedhertodrinkit.forcesb.todo強迫某人做某事eg.Youshouldn’tforceustowearschooluniformstoschooleveryday.你不應該強迫我們每天穿校服去學校。5.Once,cabbage….AssoonasMichaelsawit,hegotmad.assoonas一…就…eg.IwillgivehimtheletterassoonasImeetTomatthemeeting.會議上我一見到Michael就給他這封信。6.Buthismothermadehimtasteit.make…do讓…做…（這里make屬于使役動詞）eg.Shealwaysmakesherbrothercry,butthistimeherbrothermadehercry.她總是把他的弟弟弄哭，可這次她弟弟把她弄哭了。7.Hewassurprisedtofindthatitwasdelicious.surprised(驚訝的、驚奇的)，besurprisedtodo因做某事而感到驚訝（奇）eg.Wewereverysurprisedtohearthenews.聽到這消息我們很驚訝。Hewassurprisedtoseethecolorfulfishesunderthesea.在海水下面看見這些五彩繽紛的魚他驚訝不已。1cBychanceMichaelfoundthatcabbagewasgood.bychance偶然間、意外地SectionD21.Infact,smokingisreallyunhealthy.infact事實上，實際（插入語用法）eg.Youdidn’tpassthetest,Infact,youspenttoomuchtimeplayingcomputergames.你沒通過考試，事實上，你玩兒電腦游戲化了太多的時間。2.Thesmokefromcigarettesharmsnotonlysmokersbutotherpeople.not…but…=notonly…nutalso…不但…而且…eg.NotonlyyoubutalsoyoursisterlikesChinesesilk.不但是你還有你妹妹都喜歡中國的絲綢。（動詞就近）WevisitednotonlytheGreatWallbutalsotheSummerPalace.我們不光參觀了長城，而且也游覽了頤和園3.Theymustgiveupsmokingassonaspossible.as…aspossible盡可能…eg.Youshouldgetupasearlyaspossible.你應該盡可能早起。Weshoulddoourhomeworkascarefullyaspossible.我們應該盡可能認真地做作業(yè)。Topic3Mustweexercisetopreventtheflu?SectionA1a1.Sure,goahead.當然，請吧。2.…weshouldexerciseoftentobuildusup.buildup增強體質、強身健體3.Finally,weshouldkeepawayfromcrowdedplaces.keepawayfrom遠離…eg.Teenagersshouldkeepawayfromdrugs.青少年應遠離毒品。4.Mustwegotoseeadoctoratoncewhenwehavetheflu?注意：用must構成一般疑問句提問時，肯定回答要使用must，而否定回答應使用needn’t或don’thaveto。eg.A:Mustwecleanourclassroomeveryday?B:Yes,youmust./No,youneedn’t/No,youdon’thaveto.SectionB1a1.OK.I’llringhimuplater.ringsb.up給…打電話=callsb.up2...canIleaveamessage?leaveamessage留言、留口信、留字條givesb.amessage給某人少口信takeamessage傳口信1cKangkang’sfatherwillgiveatalkat3:00p.m.today.giveatalk作報告SectionC1a1.It’snecessaryforyoutolearnaboutfirstaid.It’s+adj.(+for)+sb.todoeg.It’simportantforustolearnEnglishatschool.對于我們來講在學校學習英語很重要。2.Ontheotherhand,youmay…完整句式為Ontheonehand…ontheotherhand…意為“一方面…另一方面…”eg.Ontheonehandyoushouldgiveupsmoking,ontheotherhandit’salsonecessaryforyoutoplaysportseveryday.一方面你該戒煙，另一方面對你來講每天運動也很有必要。3.Youshouldsaynotosmokinganddrinking.saynoto對…說不、拒絕eg.Tomcan’tsaynotoChocolates.湯姆拒絕不了巧克力。2Inordertokeephealthy…inorderto…為了、以便于、目的是（否定格式為inordernotto），意思相當于sothat，注意二者區(qū)別Theygotupearlysothattheycouldcatchthefirstus.（目的狀語從句）Theygetupearlyinordertocatchthefirstbus.=Inordertocatchthefirstbus,theygotupearly.（簡單句）為了能趕上第一班車，他們早早起了床。SectionD1a1.Themoreexercise,thebetter.The比較級…the比較級…是比較級的一種用法，譯作“越…就越…”eg.Themorehegets,themorehewants.他得到的越多，想要的就越多。Thehigherthegroundis,thethinnertheairwillbe.地面越高，空氣就越稀薄。2.It’simportanttowarmupbeforeyouexercise.warmup預熱、熱身3.…thenyourexercisewillbefuninsteadofwork.insteadof代替、而不是eg.Thenewnursewilltakecareofthepatientinsteadofmytoday.新來的護士今天替我照顧病人。I’lltaketheyellowdressinsteadoftheblueone.我要買那件黃色的裙子而不是那件藍色的。Unit3OurHobbiesTopic1What’syourhobby?SectionA1aWhatdoyouoftendoinyourfreetime?inone’sfreetime在某人業(yè)余時間、在某人閑暇的時間21.I’minterestedin_____.beinterestedin對…感興趣eg.AreyouinterestedintheGreatWall?你對長城感興趣嗎？2.Iamfondof_____.befondof喜愛、喜歡eg.Tomisveryfondofdiving.湯姆很喜歡潛水。SectionB1aIusedtocollectbaseballcards.usedtodo過去總做某事、從前一直做某事；否定didn’tusetodo，疑問did…usetodo，也可以分別使用usednottodo和used…todo的方式。eg.Sheusedtobeahistoryteacher.她從前一直是一位歷史老師。Weusedtowalkalongtheriveraftersupper.我們過去晚飯后總是沿河散步。Didyouusetowalktoschool?=Usedyoutowalktowalk?以前你總是步行去學校嗎？Brucedidn’tusetogetupearly.=Bruceusednottogetupearly.布魯斯以前并不總是很早起床。SectionC1a1.Itwaspopularformorethan500years.morethan=over多余、超出2.Itiseasytogetstarted.getstarted開始，上手eg.OK,everythingisready.Let’sgetstarted.好了，一切就緒，咱們開始吧。3.Youneedthescissorstocutoutthepicturesorstories.cutout剪掉4.Youneedthegluetostickthemtothebackgroundpaper.stickto粘貼到、與…粘貼到一起SectionD11.Allpetsprovidetheirownerswithloveandcomfortintheirvide…with…=provide…for…向…提供…eg.Theyprovideduswithmilkandbeefatthattime.=Theyprovidedmilkandbeefforusatthattime.那個時候他們提供給我們牛奶和牛肉。2.HelikeswaterandIoftenhelphimtakeabath.takeabath洗澡Topic2Whatsweetmusic！SectionA1a1.I’mgoingtoaconcert.gotoaconcert去（聽）演唱會2.Whoisgoingtosingattheconcert?ataconcert在演唱會上3.Whereisshegoingtogivetheconcert?giveaconcert舉辦演唱會4.Whatapity!太遺憾了！多可惜??！5.IcanlendyousomeCDsof…borrow&lend二者均有“借”的意思，針對主語來講borrow意為“借來”，lend意為“借出”；“borrow…from”和“l(fā)end…to”屬于常見搭配用法。eg.Youcanborrowthismagazinefromourschoollibrary,butyoucan’tlendittoothers.你能從我們學校圖書館借到這本雜志，但是你不能借給別人。SectionB21.Theyareverypopularwithyoungpeople.bepopularwith受…的歡迎（喜愛）eg.Thegameisverypopularwiththechildren.這游戲很受孩子們的喜愛。2.Itisapartoftheworkingpeople’ssong.theworkingpeople勞動人民3.…andTengriarefamousfortheirfolksongs.befamousfor以…而聞名eg.ChinaisfamousfortheGreatWallintheworld.中國以長城聞名于世。SectionC1a1.SoonWolfgangplayedaswellashisbigsister,…as+形容詞（副詞）+as像…一樣…eg.Heisasheavyashisbrother.他和他哥哥一樣重。YoudoyourhomeworkascarefullyasAndy.你做作業(yè)同安迪一樣認真。2.Helearnedsoquicklythathisfatherwasveryhappy.so…that…如此…以至于…(用于結果狀語從句中)eg.Theboxissoheavythatnobodycanliftit.這箱子太重了，以至于沒有人能搬起來。Heransofastthatwecouldn’tcatchupwithhim.他怕的太快了，我們都追不上他。S