考研《英語一》靖邊縣2023年高分沖刺試題含解析

考研《英語一》靖邊縣2023年高分沖刺試題SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)NewgeneticanalysishasrevealedthatmanyAmazontreespeciesarelikelytosurvivehuman-madeclimatewarminginthecomingcentury,contrarytopreviousfindingsthattemperatureincreaseswouldcausethemtodieout.Astudy,1inthelatesteditionofEcologyandEvolution,revealsthe2ageofsomeAmazoniantreespecies--morethan8millionyears--and3showsthattheyhavesurvivedpreviousperiodsaswarmasmanyoftheglobalwarmingimaginedperiods4fortheyear2100.Theauthorswritethat,havingsurvivedwarmperiodsinthepast,thetreeswill5survivefuturewarming,providedtherearenoothermajorenvironmentalchanges.6extremedroughtsandforestfireswillimpactAmazoniaastemperatures7,thetreeswillstandthedirectimpactofhighertemperatures.Theauthors8thataswellasreducinggreenhousegasemissionstominimizetheriskofdroughtandfire,conservationpolicyshouldremain9onpreventingdeforestation（采伐森林）foragricultureandmining.Thestudydisagreeswithotherrecentresearcheswhichpredictedtreespecies’extinctions10relativelysmallincreasesinglobalaverageairtemperatures.Studyco-authorDrSimonLewis(UCLGeography)saidthe11weregoodnewsforAmazontreespecies,butwarnedthatdroughtandover-exploitationoftheforestremainedmajor12totheAmazon’sfuture.DrLewissaid:“Thepastcannotbecompareddirectlywiththefuture.whiletreespeciesseemlikelyto13higherairtemperaturesthantoday,theAmazonforestisbeingtransformedforagricultureand14,andwhatremainsisbeingdegradedbylogging,andincreasinglysplitupbyfieldsandroads.“Specieswillnotmoveasfreelyintoday’sAmazonastheydidinpreviouswarmperiods,whentherewasnohuman15.Similarly,today’sclimatechangeisextremelyfast,makingcomparisonswithslowerchangesinthepast16.”“Withaclearer17oftherelativeriskstotheAmazonforest,we18thatdirecthumanimpacts--suchasforestclearancesforagricultureormining--shouldremainakeypointofconservationpolicy.Wealsoneedmoreaggressive19toreducegreenhousegasemissionsinordertomakeminimumtheriskofdroughtandfireimpactsand20thefutureofmostAmazontreespecies.”1、A．advertised B．described C．published D．presented2、A．frightening B．surprising C．exciting D．interesting3、A．still B．nevertheless C．however D．therefore4、A．assess B．confirm C．forecast D．promise5、A．particularly B．probably C．merely D．possibly6、A．Since B．Although C．When D．If7、A．rise B．change C．drop D．end8、A．consider B．decide C．guarantee D．recommend9、A．based B．built C．focused D．made10、A．inrelationto B．inresponseto C．inreplyto D．inreferenceto11、A．findings B．thoughts C．inventions D．writings12、A．threats B．disadvantages C．embarrassments D．instructions13、A．accept B．tolerate C．permit D．Require14、A．farming B．planting C．catering D．mining15、A．power B．influence C．desire D．violence16、A．difficult B．clear C．easy D．important17、A．belief B.direction C．understanding D．suggestion18、A．doubt B．conclude C．calculate D．prefer19、A．thought B．guidance C．protection D．action20、A．secure B．advance C．sacrifice D．evaluateSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Justayearago,thecolorswerebrightunderthewaves.Nowit’sgray—theMaldivianreefisdead.Thecoraliskilledbythepressureofrisingtemperatures.Coralreefsareareasunderwaterwheresmallcreatureslive.Thecoralishardmaterialformedonthebottomoftheseabytheskeletonsofthosecreatures.Buttheworldhaslostabouthalfitscoralreefsinthelast30years.Scientistsareworkingtopreventtheirdestruction.Duetoglobalwarming,over90percentofcoralsareexpectedtodieby2050.“Tolosecoralreefsistofundamentallyunderminethehealthofaverylargeproportionofthehumanrace,”saidRuthGates,directoroftheHawaiiInstituteofMarineBiology.Whyarecoralreefsimportant?Coralreefssupportafourthofallmarinespecies,aswellashalfabillionpeopleworldwide.Theyserveasbarrierstoprotectcoastlinesfromthestorms.Theyprovidebillionsofdollarsfromtourism,fishingandothertrade.Theyarealsousedinmedicalresearchforcuresfordiseases.“Everyoneshouldbeconcerned,”saidbiologistOveGuldbergatAustralia’sUniversityofQueensland.“Thisisnotjustsomedistantdivedestination.Thisisthebasicstructureoftheecosystemwedependon.”Theoceanisgettingwarmer.ArisingtemperatureofjustonetotwodegreeCelsiuscanforcecoraltoexpelthealgae(驅逐海藻)thatlivethere.Thisleavestheirwhiteskeletonsuncovered.Itisaprocesscalled“bleaching”.Sixteenpercentoftheworld’scoralsdiedofbleachingin1998.Theproblemhasbecomemuchworseinrecentyears.“We’velost50percentofthereefs,butthatmeanswestillhave50percentleft,”saidRuthGates,whoisworkinginHawaiitobreedcoralsthatcanbetterwithstandincreasingtemperatures.Sheisalsotryingto“train”coralstosurviverisingtemperatures.Gatessaysitistimetostart“thinkingoutsidethebox”—findcreativewaystohelpthem.1、Theunderlinedword“undermine”inparagraph2means___________.A．weaken B．regain C．promote D．overlook2、What’sthemajorconcernofthescientistslikeOveGuldberg?A．Peoplewon’tfindadivedestinationinthefuture.B．Theefforttosavecoralswillturnouttobefruitless.C．Thedestructionofcoralreefswillaffecttheearthecosystem.D．Thebrightseahaslostitscharmbecauseofthosedeadcorals.3、Thefourthparagraphismainlyabout___________.A．theharmofalgae B．theprocessof“bleaching”C．theimportanceofcoralreefs D．thechangeofoceantemperature4、RuthGates’attitudetowardstheprotectionofcoralsis___________.A．proud B．cautious C．optimistic D．casualText2Fromfastfoodcookstodoormenatrestaurantsandhotels,robotsareslowlyenteringtheworkforceinnearlyeveryindustry.Mostrecently,theworldwelcomeditsfirstoperationalrobotpoliceman.“Robocop”,thenewestmemberoftheDubaipoliceforce,madethefirstpublicappearanceonSundayattheFourthGulfInformationSecurityExpoandConference,whereitgreetedguests.Atabout70inchestallandweighingnearly220pounds,Robocopseekstoengagewithresidentsandtourists.Featuringan“emotiondetector(探測器)”,therobotcanrecognizeaperson’sgesturesandbodylanguagefromabout5feetaway.Robocop’sskillsdon’tstopthere—theemotionallyintelligentbotcandetectifapersonishappy,sadandevenangrybystudyinghisorherfacialexpression.Andjustlikeyourhumanfriendswoulddo,ifRobocopseesyou’reunhappy,itwilltrytoliftyourspirits.Moreimportantly,whenitcomestofightingcrime,therobotusestheInternet,artificialintelligenceandothersmarttechnologiestospotoffendersusingfacialrecognition.Itsnavigation(導航)skillsgrantittheabilitytomapoutareasandtravelonitsown.Equippedwithabuilt-intablet,Robocopcancommunicatewithpeople,speaksixlanguages,respondtopublicinquiries,shakehandsandevenmakemilitarysalutes.“Withtheaimtoassistpeopleonthestreets,”saidBrigadier-GeneralKhalidNasserA1Razzouqi,director-generalofsmartservicesatDubaiPolice,“theRobocopisthelatestsmartadditiontotheforceandhasbeendesignedtohelpusfightcrimerecently,keepthecitysafeandimprovehappinesslevels.”1、Accordingtothetext,Robocopcan.A．usebodylanguageB．makepeoplehappyC．cookfastfoodD．askquestionsinpublic2、WhatisthekeypartwhenRobocopmakesatravelingroute?A．Itsnavigationskills.B．Itsbuilt-intablet.C．Itsemotiondetector.D．Itsownabilitytotravel.3、Robocopisdesignedwiththeoriginalintentionof.A．fightingcrimeB．actingasadoormanC．helpingpeopleonthestreetsD．communicatingwithpeople4、Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．RobocophasdrawngreatpublicattentionB．RobocopisplayingtheroleasapolicemanC．RobocopwillhelpyouanytimeandanywhereD．RobocopisonthewaytoreplacingthepoliceofficialText3OSCARTHEATREBOOKING-inpersonTheBoxOfficeisopenMondaytoSaturday,10am-8pm.-bypostStatingtheperformanceandchoiceofseats,enclosingacheque,postalorder,oryourcreditcarddetailstoOscarTheatreBoxOffice,POBox220,Mainstreet.AllchequesshouldbemadepayabletoOscarTheatre.-bytelephoneRing08448472484toreserveyourticketsortopaybycreditcard(Visa,MasterCardaccepted).-on-lineCompletetheon-linebookingformat.DISCOUNTSSaver:$2offanyseatbookedanytimeinadvanceforperformancesfromMondaytoThursdayinclusive,andforallmatinees(下午場).Saversareavailableforchildrenupto16yearsold,over60sandfull-timestudents.Supersaver:half-priceseatsareavailableforpeoplewithdisabilitiesandonecompanion.Itisadvisabletobookinadvance.Thereisamaximumofeightwheelchairspacesavailableandonewheelchairspacewillbehelduntilonehourbeforetheshow(subjecttoavailability).Standby:bestavailableseatsareonsalefor$6fromonehourbeforetheperformanceforpeopleeligible(有資格的)forSaverandSupersaverdiscountsandthirtyminutesbeforeforallothercustomers.GroupBookings:thereisatenpercentdiscountforpartiesoftwelveormore.Schools:schoolpartiesoftenormorecanbook$9ticketsinadvanceandwillgeteverytenthticketfree.Pleasenote:weareunabletoexchangeticketsorrefundmoneyunlessaperformanceiscancelledduetounforeseencircumstances.1、Howcanyoupayforaticketwhenyoubookbypost?A．Byvisitingthewebsiteofapostoffice.B．Bygoingtoyoulocalbankinperson.C．ByenclosingyourMasterCardinanenvelope.D．Byprovidingyourcreditcardinformation.2、Whatbenefitcanbookersenjoyaccordingtothetext?A．Agroupoftenadultsgoingtoaperformancecanclaimadiscount.B．Aschoolpartyof15personsthatbookinadvancepay$135intotalforaperformance.C．Someoneaccompanyingawheelchairusertoaperformancereceivesadiscount.D．An18-year-oldteenageriseligibleforSaverdiscounts.3、Accordingtothetext,whocangetStandbytickets?A．Full-timestudentsbuyingtickets45minutesbeforeaperformancebegins.B．65-year-oldsbuyingticketsanhourandahalfbeforeaperformancebegins.C．Theatre-goerswhoareunexpectedlyunabletobepresentataperformance.D．Anyonewhobuysticketsanhourbeforeaperformancebegins.Text4Neitherstyleofthinkingisbetterorworsethantheother;they’rejustdifferent,asProfessorAnkushChopraexplains．Tobeagreatartist,musician,orbig-picturethinker,holisticthinkingisimportant—it’saboutcontext,andintuition(直覺)isimportant．Manycareerslikethoseinscienceorlaw,rewardanalyticthinking,whichlooksatpartsandunits,andisspecificandlogical．Ofcourse,themostsuccessfulpeoplewillbeabletodobothkindsofthinking,thoughgenerallyholisticthinking,linkedtocreativity,ismoredifficulttoteachthananalyticthinking．Sothosepeoplewhoareanalyticthinkerswillseeapriceof$1.99bylookingatthesinglenumbers,andwillprioritizethefirstnumberwhenitcomestoprice.“Holisticthinkerstendtoviewallpricenumbersasawholeandarelesslikelytobeaffectedbythenine-endingpriceeffect,”LingjiangLoraTu,Ph.D．,professorofmarketingatBaylorandastudy’sleadauthor,toldPhys.org．However,thatthetypeofthinkingallowsholisticthinkerstoseethewholeratherthanthepartsgoesoutthewindowwhenthey’restressedordistracted(分心的)．“Ourfindingssuggestthatregardlessofconsumers’thinkingstyle,nine-endingpricesaremostlikelytobeeffectiveinsituationsthatoveruseconsumers’resources,suchaswhenshoppersaretime-pressuredatthecheckoutcounterordistractedbybackgroundmusicoroccupiedwithaninteractiveproductdemonstration,”Tusaid．Thisstudywasdonewiththeideathatmarketersshouldknowaboutthesedifferencesinthinkingstyleandkeeptheminmindwhenthey’repricingthingsfordifferenttypesofpeople．Butanyonewhobuysthingscanbenefittoo,byfiguringoutwhatkindofthinkeryouare,andthenkeepingthatinmindwhenthesignsshow“sale”withaloudnoise!—andremindingyourselfthatnobodymakesthebestdecisionswhenthey’redistracted．1、Whichofthefollowingcanbethebestexampleofholisticthinking?A．OnlyifthewholethingmakessensecanJackconcentrateondetails．B．InAmericanshops,youcanfindmanythingswithnine-endingprices．C．Jackkeptonworkingononethingandfinallyachievedgreatsuccess．D．Understandingeachparagraphleadstounderstandingthewholepassage．2、Theunderlinedword“prioritize”inPara.2mostprobablymeans“________”．A．takenonoticeofB．treat...equallyC．thinkof...thetrickiestD．consider...themostimportant3、Accordingtothepassage,aconsumershouldrememberthat________．A．thenine-endingpricescanequallyaffectanytypeofconsumerB．pricingthingsfordifferenttypesofpeoplebenefitscustomersC．backgroundmusicisn’talwaystocreateapleasantatmosphereD．it’simpossibletoaffecthimevenifhe’sdistractedorstressed4、Fromthepassageweknowthat________．A．differentthinkingstylescreatedifferentpricingsystemsB．preferenceofpricingsystemcanindicatethinkingstyleC．holisticthinkingsomewhatoutweighsanalyticthinkingD．bothstylesofthinkingcannotbebeneficialtoonecareerPartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)MydeskmateadmiresmyfluentEnglishverymuchandIusuallyfeel1．(encourage)byhiscomplimentsOneday,2．welearnedthenewword”eccentric”inclass,we3．(ask)tomakeasentencewithitIvolunteeredtodoit4．saying”Mydeskmateisaneccentricboy5．clothesneverfithim”Hearingthis,thewholeclassburstinto6．(laugh)andmydeskmate’sfaceturnedredAfterclass,Ilearnedfromtheteacherthatmydeskmate7．(drop)outofschoolifhehadn’tbeenhelpedbyothersMymindlesswordsmust8．(hurt)himdeeplyNotuntilthen9．Irealizewordscouldbepowerfulin10．positiveandnegativewaysWeshouldavoidhurtingothersifwecan’talwaysbeencouragingwhenwespeakAteachstageofourlife，wemeetdifferentkindsofpeopleSomearefunny；someteachuslessonsinlifewhileothersoccupyaspecialspaceinourheartThepeople1．(call)“bestfriends”arejustthesespecialfriendsInourchildhood，“bestfriends”mighthavemeantthepersonswhoarealwaysbyourside，2．itmaybeintheclassroomorinthedininghallHowever，aswearegetting3．(old)thanbefore，ourdefinition(定義)of“bestfriends”changesInmyopinion，bestfriendsarethosewholoveyou4．whoyouareandhelpyoubecomewhoyoushouldbePeopleinourlifecomeandgo，butsomepeoplestayTheyarethepeopleweshouldneverloseTruefriendsarethosewhowillneverleaveyouwhenyouneedthemmostTheyarealwaysthere5．(wait)foryouandtheyloveyouwhenyouforgettolove6．(you)．Thebestfeelinginthewholeworldisknowingthatthereis7．personwhoalwayspraysforusandalwayskeepsusintheirthoughtsFriendshipmaynot8．(necessary)bebasedonage，butitisbasedon9．(understand)Evenourparentscanbeourbestfriends！Soletusbuildourfriendshipandtryourbest10．(see)thegoodsideofeveryone!SectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)1、Because,fromwhatIcouldsee,itseemedthatgrown-upsoftenforgot.Ineverwantedtoforget---Iwantedtobeabletoremindotheradultsandmyselfwhenthetimecame.Ibeganconsciouslythinkingthisatquiteanearlyage.AssoonasIwasfullyawareofmyself,Iregardedmeasalittlepersonandlikedadultswhothoughtofandtreatedmethesameway.Ididn’thaveadollandIdidn’twantone.Iwantedanimaltoys,evenasingleanimal.Whywouldn’tmyparentsgivemetheonethingIwanted?2、Instead,mydadsomehowmanagedtobuymeafullsetofencyclopedia(百科全書)andbookswithmapsandcolorpictureslongbeforeIcouldread.Well,guesswhat?Ilearnedtoreadwithoutrealizingit!Later,IfoundoutwhenIstartedschoolanditallcamesoeasyespeciallygeography.3、Becauseofallthebooksmyfatherboughtme,Iknewalotofwordsthatotherchildrendidn’tknowatmyage.Ilovewords.Theyopenedupnewworldsforme.4、Parents,pleasemakesureyourkidshaveacomputer.Letthemexplore---assafelyaspossible----letthemdotheirownthingsanddiscovertheworld.Now,mostkidsleadahappylife.Theycangetwhattheywantfromtheirparents.Butchildrenshouldlearntobeindependent.5、Beindependenttodoyourownthings.A．Becauseofthem,Ireadandthought,andtoday,Iwrite.B．WhenIwasachild,IpromisedmyselftotrytorememberasmuchasIcould.C．Ilistenedandheardeverything,evenifIdidn’tunderstandeverything.D．Inearlykneweveryplaceonthemapliketheteacher.E.Butmorethananything,itmademefeeluncomfortableandIknewitwasn’tnice.F.Later,Iknewwedidn’thavemuchmoney,buthowexpensivecouldatoybe?G.Beindependenttolearnsomeusefulknowledge.Youmayfeelcomfortablewithsomepeople．Youspendanhourwiththem