2023年中考英語(yǔ)省略句課件

第一章什么是省略句省略是為了避免重復(fù)、突出新信息或使上下文緊密連接的一種語(yǔ)法修辭手段。省略也是語(yǔ)法的客觀要求，句子中的一個(gè)或幾個(gè)成分不需要表達(dá)出來(lái)。省略在語(yǔ)言中，尤其在對(duì)話中，是一種十分普遍的現(xiàn)象。第二章簡(jiǎn)單句和并列句的省略1.簡(jiǎn)單句的省略(1).感嘆句中常省略主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)Whatahotday(itis)!Howwonderful(itis/theyare)!(2).在情景會(huì)話中，答語(yǔ)常常省略不會(huì)引起歧義的主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)部分，而只保留對(duì)方希望了解的內(nèi)容。（Isthere)Anythingelse?----HaveyoueverbeentotheGreatWall?----Areyoufeelingbetternow?----No,(Ihave)never(beentotheGreatWall).----(I’mfeeling)Muchbetter.2.并列句的省略在并列句中，相同的成分如主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)等都可以省略。(1)如果主語(yǔ)相同，而謂語(yǔ)不同，則可以省略主語(yǔ)：①Hegaveupdrinkingforseveraldays,but(he)soonreturnedtohisoldways.②Shecameforwardand(she)shookhandswithme.(2).如果主語(yǔ)不同，而謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中的一部分相同，則省略謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中相同的部分

①I(mǎi)’dlovetocomebutIcan’t(come).②JohnmusthavebeenplayingbasketballandMary(musthavebeen)doingherhomework.(3)如果主語(yǔ)相同，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也相同，則二者都可以省略：

HisadvicemadeJohnhappy,but(hisadvicemade)Maryangry.(4)如果前后兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句的部分有相同也可省略Thelittleboywantedtodrivehistoycartotheshoppingcenteralone,buthismothertoldhimnotto

(drivehistoycartotheshoppingcenteralone).第三章賓語(yǔ)從句中的省略1.在某些情況下，由which,when,where,how,why引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中，可全部或部分省略：Someonehasusedmybike,butIdon‘tknowwho(hasusedmybike).

Hehasgone,butnooneknowswhere(hehasgone).Havingcheckedthedoorswereclosed,and____allthelightswereoff,theboyopenedthedoortohisbedroom.A.why

B.thatC.when

D.where2.引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的連詞that在口語(yǔ)中常常省略,若帶有多個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，則只有第一個(gè)that可以省略

Hesaid(that)hehadarrivedheretwodaysbeforeandthathehadlivedinahotel.

B第四章?tīng)钫Z(yǔ)從句中的省略用法1.狀語(yǔ)從句的省略部分當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)從句中的主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)一致，或狀語(yǔ)從句中的主語(yǔ)是it，并且又含有be動(dòng)詞時(shí)，常可以省略從句中的主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞。Hedidas(hewas)told.Youshouldn'tcometohispartyunless(youare)

invited.Dobecarefulwhen(youare)crossingthestreet.

When/While(Iwas)onmywaytowork,Imether.2.when，while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句3.if，unless，once引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句If(itis)properlytreated,wastewilldonoharmtotheenvironment.

I’llnotgotothepartyunless(Iam)invited.

Once(youare)caughtstealinginasupermarket,youwillbepunished.4.though，although，whether，nomatterwhether/

what/

how/

who

等引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句Hewashappy,though/although(hewas)poor.

Whether(sheis)sickorwell,sheisalwayscheerful.

Nomatterhow/Howeverhardthetask(is),wemustfulfillitintime.5.asif，asthough引導(dǎo)的方式狀語(yǔ)從句Herubbedhiseyesandyawnedasif/though(hewas)wakingupafteralongsleep.

Hestoodupasif/though(hewanted)toleave.(asif/though+todo表示一個(gè)將來(lái)的動(dòng)作)6.than，as引導(dǎo)的比較狀語(yǔ)從句中的省略用法當(dāng)不同的主語(yǔ)進(jìn)行比較時(shí)，一般省略從句中的謂語(yǔ);當(dāng)從句中的主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)(be動(dòng)詞除外)和主句中的主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)相同時(shí)，通常省略從句中的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)，只保留比較部分。

Heistallerthanhisbrother(is).

Ihaveasmuchasconfidenceinyouas(Ihaveconfidence)inhim.7.以if從句為代表的狀語(yǔ)從句中的特殊省略用法：通常省略了itis，thatis，thereis/are.

①I(mǎi)f(itis)possible/necessary,thisoldtemplewillberebuilt.

②If(thatis)so,Iwillcallyoubackat5:00pm.

③Thereareonlyafewbooksinourschoollibrary,if(thereare)any.1.Weallknowthat,__________,thesituationwillgetworse.

A.notifdealtcarefullywith

B.ifnotcarefullydealtwithC.ifdealtnotcarefullywith

D.notifcarefullydealtwith2.Generallyspeaking,________accordingtodirections,thedrughasnosideeffect.A.whentakingB.whentaken

C.whentotakeD.whentobetaken練習(xí)BB3.Though________money,hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtouniversity.A.lackedB.lackingofC.lackingD.lackedin4.When________,themuseumwillbeopentothepublicnextyear.A.completedB.completingC.beingcompletedD.tobecompletedCA5.Theresearchissodesignedthatonce______nothingcanbedonetochangeit.A.beginsB.havingbegunC.beginningD.begun6.If________thesametreatmentagain,he'ssuretogetwell.A.GivingB.giveC.givenD.beinggivenDC7.Whilebuildingatunnelthroughthemountain,________.A.anundergroundlakewasdiscoveredB.therewasanundergroundlakediscoveredC.alakewasdiscoveredundergroundD.theworkersdiscoveredanundergroundlakeD第五章定語(yǔ)從句中的省略用法①Theman(that/who/whom)youvisitedlastnightismygrandpa.1.關(guān)系代詞that，which，whom等在限制性定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)且不位于介詞之后時(shí)，可以省略;①

Idon’tliketheway(inwhich/that)youtreatthegirl.②Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbuttheway(inwhich/that)hesaidit.2.inwhich或that在先行詞way后作方式狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)可省略。第六章虛擬語(yǔ)氣中if和should的省略

1.當(dāng)條件狀語(yǔ)從句中有were，had，should等時(shí)省略if，把它們提至句首，形成倒裝句。

IfIwereateacher,Iwouldbestrictwithmystudents.

=WereIateacher,Iwouldbestrictwithmystudents.=Hadyoupreparedwellfortheinterview,youcouldhavepassedit.Ifyouhadpreparedwellfortheinterview,youcouldhavepassedit.Ifyoushouldsucceedthistime,everythingwouldbeallright.=Shouldyousucceedthistime,everythingwouldbeallright.2.insist,order,command,suggest,propose,advise,demand,require,request,ask等表示建議、要求、命令的動(dòng)詞后接的名詞性從句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”，should可以省略。Thedoctorsuggestedthathe(should)trytoloseweight.Iinsistedthatwe(should)

havealookateverycar第七章不定式符號(hào)to的省略1.

感官動(dòng)詞see,hear,feel,watch,notice等以及使役動(dòng)詞let,make,have后作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞不定式中的to要省略，但變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，to必須保留。Theymadetheboy(to)gotobedearly.TheirEnglishteacherhadthem(to)finishthehomeworkbeforethisFriday.2.有些動(dòng)詞，如：believe,find,think,feel,consider,imagine,prove等后作賓補(bǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu)tobe+n./adj.中的tobe可以省略。Iconsiderhim(tobe)stupid.Hismotherfoundhim(tobe)acleverboy.3.

donothingbut，can’thelpbut等結(jié)構(gòu)常接省略to的不定式。

Wedidn’tdoanythingbut(to)stayathomewatchingTVyesterday.

Hearingthenews,shecouldn’thelpbut(to)cry.4.有些動(dòng)詞,如want,wish,expect,hope,wouldlike,wouldlove,mean,try,forget等后接不等式作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，為了避免重復(fù)，可以省略動(dòng)詞，但要保留不定式符號(hào)to。Ihaveaskedhertocome,

butshedoesnotwantto(come)．---AreyouandJanegettingmarried？---Wehopeto(getmarried)．1.----Whyhaven’tyouboughtanybutter?

----I_______tobutIforgotaboutit.A.liked

B.wished

C.meant

D.expected2.----Youshouldhavethankedherbeforeyouleft.----Imeant_______,butwhenIwasleavingIcouldn'tfindheranywhere.A.todoB.toC.doingD.doingitCB注意：但如果省略的不定式結(jié)構(gòu)中含有be，have時(shí)，也保留be和have。---Hehasn’tturnedupatthepartysofar.---Well,heoughttohave(turnedup)5.系動(dòng)詞（be）+形容詞，即beafraid/ready/glad/happy/willing等后面接不定式時(shí)有時(shí)為了避免重復(fù)，常省略與上文表達(dá)相同意思的不定式符號(hào)to之后的內(nèi)容，只保留不定式符號(hào)。

---Couldyougoshoppingwithme?

---I'mgladto(goshoppingwithyou).

省略的動(dòng)詞不定式如果有助動(dòng)詞have或be，則要保留be或have：---Areyouadoctor?---No,butIusedtobe.

----I’llbeawayonabusinesstrip.Wouldyoumindlookingaftermycat?

----Notatall.____.

A.I’venotime

B.I‘drathernotC.I’dlikeit

D.I’llbehappytoD替代性省略第八章1.在一些交際用語(yǔ)中的某些動(dòng)詞：think,suppose,expect,believe,guess等后常常和so,

not等連用，以替代上文出現(xiàn)的內(nèi)容：---Doyousupposeheisgoingtoattendthemeeting?---Isupposenot.----Willyoubeabletofinishyourreporttoday?

----

.A.Ilikeit

B.Ihopeso

C.I’lldoso

D.I’dloveitB2."So/Nor(Neither)+謂語(yǔ)+主語(yǔ)"

這種句型是用來(lái)替代前面提到的情況,表明它也適用于后者。--Idon'tthinkIcanwalkanyfurther.--Iboughtanewdressyesterday.--NeithercanI.Let'sstophereforarest.--SodidI.第九章趁熱打鐵·省略句的練習(xí)題1.Whenfirst______tothemarket,theseproductsenjoyedgreatsuccess.

A.introducing

B.introduced

C.introduce

D.beingintroduced2.Itshamesmetosayit,butItoldaliewhen______atthemeetingbymyboss.

A.questioning

B.havingquestioned

C.questioned

D.tobequestioned

BC3.Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbut______hesaidit.

A.theway

B.inthewaythat

C.intheway

D.thewaywhich4.—Susan,willyoupleasegoandemptythatdrawer?

—______?

A.Whatfor

B.Whatisit

C.Howisit

D.HowcomeAA5.I’mlookingforwardasmuchtoherreturnassheherselfto______me.

A.haveseen

B.seeing

C.meet

D.beme6.Whocanyouturntointimeofdanger,ifnot______?

A.ourselves

B.ours

C.we

D.us7.—Didyouvisitthemuseumlastweek?

—No,we______,butwespenttoomuchtimeshopping.

A.couldhave

B.could

C.