四級(jí)寫作講義

CET4寫作通關(guān)班電子教材四級(jí)寫作總論課程安排：四級(jí)寫作總論：1）考試流程2）復(fù)習(xí)計(jì)劃3）學(xué)習(xí)方法4）大綱解讀應(yīng)用文：1）個(gè)人簡歷2）書信3）口頭作文4）告示論說文：1）評(píng)卷實(shí)例2）萬能句型翻譯：最新大綱最新真題考試流程：08：45驗(yàn)證入場（身份證、準(zhǔn)考證、學(xué)生證缺一不可）09：00發(fā)答題卡（答題卡1正面為作文題，背面寫作文），9：00之后無法入場。09：10~09：35寫作（09：35發(fā)試題冊(cè)）09：35~09：40翻譯09：40~09：55快速閱讀理解（在答題卡1背面作答）09：55~10：00收答題卡1，建議快速瀏覽聽力選項(xiàng)10：00~10：35聽力理解（以下在答題卡2作答）10：35~11：05仔細(xì)閱讀理解（選詞填空或簡答＋篇章閱讀理解）11：05~11：20完形填空（11:05監(jiān)考教師提醒15分鐘后交卷）復(fù)習(xí)計(jì)劃：攻克詞匯：詞匯書：俞敏洪《四級(jí)詞匯詞根+聯(lián)想記憶法》軟件：《新東方背單詞》（5）真題：最新10套四級(jí)真題記憶法：參見我的博客/m/jtwang：“考研復(fù)習(xí)”之“十天搞定考研詞匯”精研真題：最新10套四級(jí)真題，尤其是2006年6月24日以后真題詞匯：沒有一個(gè)詞匯不認(rèn)識(shí)選項(xiàng)：沒有一個(gè)選項(xiàng)不了解適當(dāng)?？迹簠⒁娡踅瓭幹洞髮W(xué)英語四級(jí)考試一本通》（群言出版社）學(xué)習(xí)方法：提高實(shí)力：背誦：10大必背范文1）Directions:Forthispartyouareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicMyViewsonExaminations.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsandbaseyourcompositionontheoutlinebelow:大學(xué)都用考試來衡量學(xué)生的成績考生可能帶來的副作用我對(duì)考試的看法Inmostcollegesanduniversitiestheexaminationisusedasachiefmeansofdecidingwhetherastudentsucceedsorfailsinmasteringaparticularsubject.Althoughitdoesthejobquiteefficiently,itssideeffectsarealsoenormous.Tobeginwith,examinationslowerthestandardsofteaching.Sinceteachersareoftenjudgedbyexaminationresults,theyarereducedtotrainingtheirstudentsinexamtechniques.Nosubjectscanbetaughtsuccessfullymerelythroughbeingapproachedwithintenttotakeexaminations.Inaddition,themostundesirableeffectisthatexaminationsencouragebadstudyhabits.Astheexaminationscoreistheonlycriterionforhisacademicperformance,astudentisdriventomemorizemechanicallyratherthantothinkcreatively.Infact,fewofusadmitthatexaminationscancontributeanythingreallyimportanttothestudents’academicdevelopment.Ifthatisthecase,whycannotwemakeachangeanddevisesomethingmoreefficientandreliablethanexaminations?2）Directions:Forthispartyouareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicMyFavoriteNovel.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsandbaseyourcompositionontheoutlinebelow:我最喜愛的小說是···該小說的內(nèi)容我為什么喜愛MyfavoritenovelisAroundtheWorldinEightyDayswhichiswrittenbyJulesVerne.TheauthorwasborninFranceanddevotedhimselftoliteratureandwroteseveralscientificromances,whichgainedhimthename——FatherofModernScienceFiction.ThisisabookofsciencefictionwhichtellsusanexcitingstoryaboutanEnglishgentleman,Mr.PhileasFogg,whomakesabetwithhisclubmatesandmanagestotravelaroundtheworldineightydays.Itgivesusavividdescriptionofthemanydifficultiesandincidentswhichhappenonhisjourney.Fromthisstory,wecanseetheauthor’sdeeploveforthesea,travelandadventure,whichplayedavitalroleinhislife.Wearealsoastonishedandconvincedbyhisfertileimaginationandscientificandgeographicalknowledge.3）Directions:Forthispartyouareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicThemostunforgettablePersonIeverKnow.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsandbaseyourcompositionontheoutlinebelow:我生活中最難忘的人是······為什么他（或她）令我難以忘懷結(jié)論InmylifeIhavemetagreatmanypeoplewhoarereallyworthrecalling.ButperhapsthemostunforgettablepersonIeverknowismyEnglishteacher.Whatfrequentlybringsbackmemoriesofmyschoolteacherishisspecialqualities.Firstandforemost,hegaveusthegreatestgiftateachercanoffer—anawakeningofapassionforlearning.HenotonlyledustoanappreciationofthebeautyandperfectionofEnglishlanguageandliterature,butalsoarousedourgreatinterestinexploringsomethingdeeperinthisfield.Furthermore,Iwasattractedbyhislivelywit.Irememberthatwestudentsalwaysanticipatedhisclasswithgreateagernessbecausehislecturewerehumorouslydelivered,neverfailingtoprovokechucklesorloudlaughs.AlthoughitisnearlytwoyearssinceIattendedhislastclass,heisthetalkofouroldclassmates,andIknowpartofhimhasalreadystayedinmyheart.4）Directions:Youwanttoinvitesomefriendstoaparty.Writeaninvitationlettertothemindividually:邀請(qǐng)他們參加晚會(huì)，說明舉辦晚會(huì)的原因，為他們安排了什么活動(dòng)DearSnoopy,IamgreatlyhonoredtoformallyinviteyoutoparticipateinMr.GuoJing’sweddingceremonywithMs.FujiworatobeheldatBeijingGrandHotelfrom8to10p.m.onApril1,2008.Asyouareaclosefriendofus,wewouldverymuchlikeyoutoattendthecelebrationandshareourjoy.Theoccasionwillstartatseveno’clockintheevening,withtheshowingoftheirweddingceremony.Thiswillbefollowedbyadinnerparty.Ataroundten,wewillholdasmallmusicalsoiree,atwhichabandwillperformsomeworksbyBachandStrauss.IfyoudonothaveanypriorappointmentonApril1,welookforwardtothepleasureofyourcompany.Yourssincerely,LiMing5）SpeechMr.President,ladiesandgentlemen,Goodmorning,ladiesandgentlemen,welcometoBeijing!Tobeginwith,Iwouldliketomakeabriefintroductiontomyself.IamthepresidentofMotorola(China)ElectronicsLtd.Thefollowingismyintroductiontotheconference.First,itismygreathonortobeherewithallofyouanddeclareopentheConferencefoInternationalTradeCooperation.Second,onbehalfofourcompany,Iwouldliketoexpressmyheartfeltwelcometoalltheguestsanddelegates.Last,Ibelieveourcooperativeeffortsaresuretobeproductive..Iwasallofyouenjoyyourselvesduringthisconferenceandhopetheaboveinformationwillhelpyou.Ifyouhaveanyquestionforme,pleasefeelfreetoaskatanytime.Thankyouforyourattention.6）LetterDearSirorMadam,IamaseniorfromtheDepartmentofBusinessAdministrationofBeijingUniversity.Iamwritingtheletterinpurposeofapplyingforadmissionintoyouresteemedinstitution/yourrecentlyadvertisedpositionforastaffmember.IamsurethatIamqualifiedforit.Fist,enclosedwiththisletterismyresume,whichfurtherdetailsmypreviousacademicqualificationsandworkexperience.Second,notonlydomyqualificationsandexperiencemakemeaperfectcandidateforit,mycheerfulpersonalityiswellsuitedtostudyinginyourprestigiousuniversity/workingasastaffmember.Last,myhobbiesincludesportsandmusic.WordsfailmewhenItrytoexpressmyheartfeltgratitudetothehelpyourenderme.Yourpromptandfavorableattentiontomyinquirywouldbehighlyappreciated.Yourssincerely,LiMing7）RESUMELiMingP.O.Box237,BeijingUniversity5,YiheyuanRoad,HaidianDistrict,Beijing100871Tel:62768888Email:Liming@163.comCareerObjective:ApositionwithmanagementpotentialinthebankingbusinessspecializingininternationalcorporatefinancingEducationalBackground:Sept2003toBeijingUniversityJuly2007MajorinInternationalBusinessManagementMaincoursesincludeEnglish,Computer,BusinessManagement,Accounting,InternationalCommercialLawWorkExperience:July2006toBankofChinaJune2007Internship,SecretarytoDeputyManagerofMarketingDraftbusinesscorrespondenceScheduledeputymanager’sappointmentsQualifications:Universitygraduationcertificateandbachelordegreetobeconferredupongraduation(2007)CollegeEnglishTestBand4June2005Honors&Awards:TwiceawardedscholarshipbyBeijingUniversity2005&2006SpecialSkills:FamiliaritywithMicrosoftWord,ExcelAbilitytoworkindependentlyGoodOrganizationalskillsExperience:PresidentofStudentUnion2005－presentPersonalData:DateofBirth:9/17/1985Gender:FemaleMaritalStatus:Unmarried8）AnnouncementDirections:TheStudent’sUnionofyourdepartmentisplanningaChineseSpeakingContest.Writeanannouncementwhichcoversthefollowinginformation:1)thepurposeofthecontest,2)timeandplaceofthecontest,3)whatisrequiredofthecandidates,4)detailsofthejudgesandawards.Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheannouncement.UseDepartmentofChineseLanguageandLiterature.Chinese-SpeakingContestJune10,2007Toimprovestudents’abilitytospeakChineseandenrichafter-classactivities,theStudents’UnionofChineseLanguageandLiteratureisorganizingaschool-wideChinese-speakingcontesttobeheldonSaturdaynextweek(17june)attheStudents’RecreationalCenter.ThosewhoareinterestedintalkingpartinitmaysignupwiththemonitorsoftheirclassesbeforeTuesdaynextweek.Fiveprofessorswillbeinvitedtobejudges.Thefirstsixwinnerswillbegivenawards.Everybodyiswelcometobepresentatthecontest.TheStudents’UnionDepartmentofChineseLanguageandLiterature9）InternetOwingtothespeedyeconomicdevelopment,thenumberofthepeoplewhouseInternethasconsiderablyincreased.ItisuniversallyacknowledgedthatInternetplayaacrucialroleinmodernsociety.DueattentionhastobepaidtotheissueofInternet.Withthereformandopening-upinrecentdecades,peopleinmountingnumbershavecometorealizethesignificanceofInternet.Unfortunately,ifweletthissituationcontinueasitis,wedonotknowwherehumanswillbeintheforthcomingfuture.Accordingly,itisimperativeforustotakedrasticmeasures.Tobeginwith,weshouldcultivatetheauthoritiestomakestrictlawstocontrolInternet.Inaddition,weshouldcultivatetheawarenessofpeoplethatInternet.Inaddition,weshouldcultivatetheawarenessofpeoplethatInternetisessentialtous.Onlyinthiswaycanwesolvetheproblem.10）JobsforGraduates(1)Jobhuntinghasalwaysbeenaheadacheforcollegegraduates.Thoughmanygraduatesareemployedrightaftergraduation,somearenot.Mostseriousofall,somestillhavenoideawheretogoworkingevenalongtimeaftergraduation.Thereasonsforthisphenomenonarevarious.Ontheonehand,afewyearsagocollegesanduniversitiesenrolledsomanystudentsinpopularmajors,suchaseconomy,financeandsoonthatthenumberofgraduateswasgreaterthantheneedinthemarket.Ontheotherhand,mostgraduateswouldratherstayinlargecitieswithoutsuitablejobtodothangotothecountry.Ithinktheproblemcanbesolvedifbothcollegesandstudentstakemeasures.First,theyshouldresearchthemarketanddevelopspecialskillstosuititsneed.Second,students'attitudetowardsemploymentshouldbechanged.Theyshouldgotosomesmallcitiesandcountry.Theretheycanalsogivefullplaytotheirprofessionalknowledge.Inaword,ifwepaymuchattention,theproblemcanbesolved.參考譯文1）在絕大多數(shù)大學(xué)里，考試都是作為衡量學(xué)生是否掌握某一課程的主要手段。雖然考試這一工作做的比較有效，但其副作用也相當(dāng)大。首先，考試造成教學(xué)水平下降。由于教師的好壞往往根據(jù)學(xué)生考試的結(jié)果來判斷，所以教師被迫訓(xùn)練學(xué)生的應(yīng)試技巧。而幾乎沒有什么課程是僅僅通過教授應(yīng)試技巧可以教好的。其次，考試最壞的副作用是使學(xué)生養(yǎng)成不良的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣。由于考試分?jǐn)?shù)是衡量學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)好壞的唯一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，學(xué)生只能被迫機(jī)械的死記硬背，而不是創(chuàng)造性的去思考。實(shí)際上，很少有人承認(rèn)考試對(duì)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)會(huì)有重要作用。如果確實(shí)如此，我們?yōu)槭裁床蛔鲆恍└母?，設(shè)計(jì)出比考試更有效、更可靠的評(píng)估方法來呢？2）我最喜愛的小說是儒勒·凡爾納寫的《八十天環(huán)游地球》。該作者出生于法國，并且致力于文學(xué)事業(yè)，并寫了很多科幻小說，使他贏得“現(xiàn)代科幻小說之父”的美名。這是一本科幻小說，講述了一位英國紳士的一個(gè)激動(dòng)人心的故事。菲利·弗格先生跟他的俱樂部伙伴打了個(gè)賭，并設(shè)法在八十天之內(nèi)環(huán)游了地球。書中生動(dòng)描述了他的旅途中發(fā)生的許多困難和故事。從這本書中，我們可以看出作者對(duì)于海洋、旅行和冒險(xiǎn)的熱愛。這些在作者一生中影響深遠(yuǎn)。作者豐富的想象力和科學(xué)地理知識(shí)也使我們驚訝并折服。3）在我生活中我遇到過很多值得回憶的人，但在我認(rèn)識(shí)的人中讓我最難忘的人可能要算我的英語老師了。讓我常?；叵肫鹚氖撬切┨厥獾钠焚|(zhì)。首先，他教給我們學(xué)生一位老師所能給予的最珍貴的東西，即喚起我們學(xué)習(xí)的激情。他不僅培養(yǎng)我們欣賞英語語言文學(xué)的美麗與完美，而且激起我們?cè)谶@方面深入研究的興趣。其次，他的才智深深吸引了我。我現(xiàn)在還記得我們學(xué)生總渴望上他的課，因?yàn)樗v課生動(dòng)幽默，總能引起我們微笑或哄堂大笑。雖然我們沒聽他的課已近兩年了，但我們聚在一起時(shí)總要談起他。我知道他的形象已深深留在我心中了。4）親愛的史努比：2008年4月1日，我將在我家里舉辦一個(gè)晚會(huì)來慶祝郭靖先生和Fujiwora小姐的婚禮。由于你是我們的好友，我們非常希望你能夠參與慶典并分享快樂?；顒?dòng)將在晚上7點(diǎn)開始，首先是婚禮的錄像，接著是晚會(huì)。大約10點(diǎn)的時(shí)候，我們將舉辦一個(gè)小型的音樂會(huì)，一支樂隊(duì)將演奏一些巴赫和施特勞斯的曲目。如果你4月1日沒有預(yù)約的話，我們期待著你的光臨。您真誠的，李明5）主席先生、女士們、先生們：女士們、先生們，早上好！歡迎來到北京！首先，我想做一個(gè)簡單的自我介紹。我是摩托羅拉（中國）電子公司的總裁。下面是我對(duì)這個(gè)大會(huì)的介紹。首先，我很榮幸和大家來到一起，并且宣布國際貿(mào)易合作大會(huì)的開幕。其次，謹(jǐn)代表我們公司，我想表達(dá)對(duì)于所有貴賓和代表的衷心歡迎。最后，我相信我們的齊心協(xié)力一定是富有成果的。我希望大家在這次大會(huì)中愉快，并希望上述信息能對(duì)您有所幫助。如果您對(duì)我有任何問題，請(qǐng)隨時(shí)自由提問。感謝您的關(guān)注。6）尊敬的先生或女士：我是工商管理系大四的學(xué)生。我寫這封信是為了申請(qǐng)進(jìn)入您的著名大學(xué)（申請(qǐng)您最近招聘的職員職位）。我確信自己符合條件（勝任職位）。首先，隨信附上我的簡歷，進(jìn)一步詳述了我以前的學(xué)歷和工作經(jīng)歷。其次，不但我的資歷和經(jīng)歷使我成為合適的人選，我令人愉快的個(gè)性也非常適合在您的著名學(xué)府學(xué)習(xí)（做一名職員）。最后，我的愛好包括體育和音樂。當(dāng)我想表達(dá)對(duì)于您給我?guī)椭闹孕母兄x的時(shí)候，言語無法表達(dá)。非常感謝您對(duì)我詢問的迅速并且好意的關(guān)注。您真誠的，李明7）個(gè)人簡歷李明北京大學(xué)237號(hào)郵箱北京市海淀區(qū)頤和園路5號(hào)100871電話：62768888電子郵箱：liming@163.com求職目標(biāo)：銀行業(yè)國際融資方向具有管理前景的職位教育背景：2003年9月至2007年7月北京大學(xué)國際商務(wù)管理專業(yè)主要課程：英語、計(jì)算機(jī)、商務(wù)管理、會(huì)計(jì)、國際商法工作經(jīng)歷：2006年7月至2007年6月中國銀行實(shí)習(xí)，市場部副總經(jīng)理秘書起草商務(wù)函件安排副總?cè)粘藤Y歷：大學(xué)畢業(yè)證及學(xué)士學(xué)位（將在畢業(yè)時(shí)授予）大學(xué)英語四級(jí)證書2005年6月所獲獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)：兩次獲得北京大學(xué)獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金（2005、2006）特長：熟練使用Microsoftwords,excel擅長獨(dú)立工作卓越的組織技能大學(xué)經(jīng)歷：2005年至今校學(xué)生會(huì)主席個(gè)人資料：1984年9月17日性別：女婚姻狀況：未婚8）中文演講比賽2007年6月10日為提高同學(xué)們中文演講的能力并豐富課外活動(dòng)，中文系學(xué)生會(huì)將于下周六（6月17日）在學(xué)生大禮堂組織全校中文演講比賽。有興趣參加的同學(xué)請(qǐng)于下周二之前在本班班長處報(bào)名。我們將邀請(qǐng)五位教授擔(dān)任評(píng)委，并將給前六名獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)哳C獎(jiǎng)。歡迎大家積極參加。中文系學(xué)生會(huì)9）由于社會(huì)的迅速發(fā)展，使用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的人數(shù)已經(jīng)急劇上升。普遍公認(rèn)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)在現(xiàn)代社會(huì)中發(fā)揮重要作用。我們應(yīng)該對(duì)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的問題給予充分重視。隨著近年來的改革開放政策，越來越多的人開始認(rèn)識(shí)到互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的重要性。如果我們讓這種情況聽之任之的話，我們不知道在不遠(yuǎn)的將來人類的未來會(huì)在哪。因此，我們急需采取嚴(yán)厲措施，首先，我們應(yīng)該呼吁我們的政府制定嚴(yán)格的法律來控制互聯(lián)網(wǎng)。另外，我們應(yīng)該提高人們的意識(shí)：互聯(lián)網(wǎng)對(duì)我們很重要。只有這樣我們才能解決這個(gè)問題。10）找工作對(duì)于大學(xué)生來說是一個(gè)頭疼的問題，雖然很多人在畢業(yè)之后立即找到了工作但是有些卻沒有找到工作。更嚴(yán)重的是，即使畢業(yè)了很長一段時(shí)間，有些人還是不知道去哪兒工作。有很多原因來解釋這種現(xiàn)象，一方面，幾年前大學(xué)采取了很多熱門專業(yè)的學(xué)生，比如經(jīng)濟(jì)、金融等，這類畢業(yè)生的人數(shù)大大超過了市場的需求：另一方面，大多數(shù)畢業(yè)生如果沒有找到合適的工作寧愿呆在大城市里，也不愿去農(nóng)村工作。我覺的只要校方和學(xué)生都采取一定的措施，這個(gè)問題是能夠解決的。首先，大城市應(yīng)對(duì)市場進(jìn)行調(diào)查并發(fā)展學(xué)生的特殊技能來滿足市場的需求。其次，學(xué)生就業(yè)的觀念應(yīng)該有所轉(zhuǎn)變。他們應(yīng)該去小城市或農(nóng)村就業(yè)，在那兒，他們也能夠充分發(fā)揮所學(xué)的專業(yè)知識(shí)。一句話，如果我們引起足夠的重視，這個(gè)問題是能夠得到解決的。默寫：發(fā)現(xiàn)寫作弱點(diǎn)中譯英：提高寫作實(shí)力寫作：模仿掌握技巧：萬能框架大綱解讀：兩大黃金原則印象原則：書寫工整、卷面整潔、字跡清晰語言第一位、結(jié)構(gòu)第二位、內(nèi)容第三位：語言：基本正確豐富多變（詞匯+句型）結(jié)構(gòu)：邏輯性段落結(jié)構(gòu)：總分總主題句：翻譯提綱，1句論證：2句小結(jié)：1句評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：關(guān)聯(lián)詞同義替換（詞匯+句型）代詞替換內(nèi)容：不跑題大綱原文：（一）寫作要求根據(jù)全國大學(xué)英語四、六級(jí)考試委員會(huì)2006年11月出版的《大學(xué)英語四級(jí)考試大綱（2006修訂版）》：寫作（Writing）和翻譯（Translation）部分測試學(xué)生用英語進(jìn)行書面表達(dá)的能力，所占分值比例為20％，其中寫作15％，翻譯5％，考試時(shí)間35分鐘。寫作選取考生熟悉的題材?？忌韪鶕?jù)規(guī)定的題目和提供的提綱、情景、圖片或圖表等，寫出一篇不少于120詞的短文。寫作要求是思想表達(dá)正確、意義連貫、無嚴(yán)重語言錯(cuò)誤?？荚嚂r(shí)間30分鐘。大學(xué)英語四級(jí)考試寫作部分要求考生達(dá)到教育部高等教育司最新《大學(xué)英語課程教學(xué)要求》（教學(xué)大綱）中的一般要求，即“能完成一般性寫作任務(wù)；能描述個(gè)人經(jīng)歷、觀感、情感和發(fā)生的事件等；能寫常見的應(yīng)用文；能就一般性話題或提綱在半小時(shí)內(nèi)寫出120個(gè)詞的短文，內(nèi)容基本完整，用詞恰當(dāng)，語意連貫。能掌握基本的寫作技能?！保ǘ┛己思寄軐懽鞑糠挚己说募寄苁牵篈思想表達(dá)1.表達(dá)中心思想寫作2.表達(dá)重要和特定信息3.表達(dá)觀點(diǎn)、態(tài)度等B篇章組織4.圍繞所給的題目敘述、議論或描述，突出重點(diǎn)5.連貫地組句成段、組段成篇C語言運(yùn)用6.運(yùn)用恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~匯7.運(yùn)用正確的語法8.運(yùn)用合適的句子結(jié)構(gòu)9.使用正確的標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)10.運(yùn)用銜接手段表達(dá)句間關(guān)系（如對(duì)比、原因、結(jié)果、程度、目的等）D寫作格式11.運(yùn)用正確的符合英語表達(dá)習(xí)慣的寫作格式（三）評(píng)分原則CET用以檢查考生是否達(dá)到大學(xué)英語教學(xué)大綱規(guī)定的四級(jí)教學(xué)要求，對(duì)作文的評(píng)判應(yīng)以此要求為準(zhǔn)則。CET作文題采用總體評(píng)分（GlobalScoring）方法。閱卷人員就總的印象給出獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)分（RewardScores），而不是按語言點(diǎn)的錯(cuò)誤數(shù)目扣分。從內(nèi)容和語言兩個(gè)方面對(duì)作文進(jìn)行綜合評(píng)判。內(nèi)容和語言是一個(gè)統(tǒng)一體。作文應(yīng)表達(dá)題目所規(guī)定的內(nèi)容，而內(nèi)容要通過語言來表達(dá)。要考慮作文是否切題，是否充分表達(dá)思想，也要考慮是否用英語清楚而合適地表達(dá)思想，也就是要考慮語言上的錯(cuò)誤是否造成理解上的障礙。避免趨中傾向。該給高分的給高分，包括滿分；該給低分給低分，包括零分。一名閱卷人員在所評(píng)閱的全部作文卷中不應(yīng)只給中間的幾種分?jǐn)?shù)。（四）評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)15分滿分是舊計(jì)分法。71015分滿分是舊計(jì)分法。710計(jì)分規(guī)則具體怎樣核算？本題滿分為15分閱卷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)共分五等：2分、5分、8分、11分及14分。各有標(biāo)準(zhǔn)樣卷一至二份。閱卷人員根據(jù)閱卷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，對(duì)照樣卷評(píng)分，若認(rèn)為與某一分?jǐn)?shù)（如8分）相似，即定為該分?jǐn)?shù)（即8分）；若認(rèn)為稍優(yōu)或稍劣于該分?jǐn)?shù)則可加一分（即9分）或減一分（即7分）。但不得加或減半分。評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)2分——條理不清，思路紊亂，語言支離破碎或大部分句子均有錯(cuò)誤，且多數(shù)為嚴(yán)重錯(cuò)誤。5分——基本切題。表達(dá)思想不清楚，連貫性差。有較多的嚴(yán)重語言錯(cuò)誤。8分——基本切題。有些地方表達(dá)思想不清楚，文字勉強(qiáng)連貫，語言錯(cuò)誤相當(dāng)多，其中有一些是嚴(yán)重錯(cuò)誤。11分——切題。表達(dá)思想清楚，文字連貫，但有少量語言錯(cuò)誤。14分——切題。表達(dá)思想清楚，文字通順、連貫，基本無語言錯(cuò)誤，僅有個(gè)別小錯(cuò)。（注：白卷，作文與題目毫不相關(guān)，或只有幾個(gè)孤立的詞而無法表達(dá)思想，則給0分）字?jǐn)?shù)不足應(yīng)酌情扣分：字?jǐn)?shù)110~119100~10990~9980~8970~7960~6950~59<49扣分12345679（注：1.題目中給出的主題句、起始句、結(jié)束句等，均不得記入所寫字?jǐn)?shù)。2.規(guī)定的內(nèi)容未寫全者，按比例扣分。3.如果扣為0分，要慎重處理。）為了便于閱卷人員掌握評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，現(xiàn)將各檔作文分相當(dāng)于百分制的得分，列表于下，稱為得分率。其中9分的得分率為60（相當(dāng)于百分制的60分）。作文分151413121110987654321得分率100948780746760544740342720147第二節(jié)應(yīng)用文個(gè)人簡歷：RESUMELiMingP.O.Box237,BeijingUniversity5,YiheyuanRoad,HaidianDistrict,Beijing100871Tel:62768888Email:Liming@163.comCareerObjective:ApositionwithmanagementpotentialinthebankingbusinessspecializingininternationalcorporatefinancingEducationalBackground:Sept2003toBeijingUniversityJuly2007MajorinInternationalBusinessManagementMaincoursesincludeEnglish,Computer,BusinessManagement,Accounting,InternationalCommercialLawWorkExperience:July2006toBankofChinaJune2007Internship,SecretarytoDeputyManagerofMarketingDraftbusinesscorrespondenceScheduledeputymanager’sappointmentsQualifications:Universitygraduationcertificateandbachelordegreetobeconferredupongraduation(2007)CollegeEnglishTestBand4June2005Honors&Awards:TwiceawardedscholarshipbyBeijingUniversity2005&2006SpecialSkills:FamiliaritywithMicrosoftWord,ExcelAbilitytoworkindependentlyGoodOrganizationalskillsExperience:PresidentofStudentUnion2005－presentPersonalData:DateofBirth:9/17/1985Gender:FemaleMaritalStatus:Unmarried書信作文：書信格式：（一）稱呼1、寫給機(jī)構(gòu)：DearSirorMadam,2、寫給個(gè)人：Dear+人名,（二）正文：3段，10句，120-150詞，3-5個(gè)關(guān)聯(lián)詞，3-5個(gè)從句1、第一段：2句1）自我介紹（私人書信除外）：Iamafreshman/sophomore/junior/senior/undergraduate/graduatefromtheDepartmentofChineseLanguageandLiteratureofBeijingUniversity.2）寫作目的：Iamwritingtheletterinpurposeof...IamwritingtoinformyouthatIwishto...建議信：give/offer/renderuseful/practical/conducivesuggestions/proposals/recommendations投訴信：express/airdissatisfaction/disappointment/concernregarding/concerning/asregardsthecanteen/library/bookstore2、第二段：6句1）翻譯提綱一：2句2）翻譯提綱二：2句3）翻譯提綱三：2句2004年1月考題：Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowritealetterinreplytoafriend’sinquiryaboutapplyingforadmissiontoyourcollegeoruniversity.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsaccordingtotheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:1.建議報(bào)考的專業(yè)及理由2.報(bào)考該專業(yè)的基本條件3.應(yīng)當(dāng)如何備考3、第三段：2句1）表示感謝（私人建議信除外）：Myappreciationtoyouforyourgeneroushelpisbeyondwords.WordsfailmewhenIwishtoexpressmysinceregratitudetoyou.Itakethisopportunitytoshowmyheartfeltappreciationforthekindassistanceyourenderme.2）期待回信：（1）Iamlookingforwardtohearingfromyousoon.（2）Ilookforwardtoafavorablereplyatyourearliestconvenience.（3）Yourpromptattentiontomyinquirywouldbehighlyappreciated.（三）落款：Yourssincerely,LiMing經(jīng)典書信：萬能框架：求學(xué)/職信，DearSirorMadamIamaseniorfromtheDepartmentofBusinessAdministrationofBeijingUniversity.Iamwritingtheletterinpurposeofapplyingforadmissionintoyouresteemedinstitution/yourrecentlyadvertisedpositionforastaffmember.IamsurethatIamqualifiedforit.Fist,enclosedwiththisletterismyresume,whichfurtherdetailsmypreviousacademicqualificationsandworkexperience.Second,notonlydomyqualificationsandexperiencemakemeaperfectcandidateforit,mycheerfulpersonalityiswellsuitedtostudyinginyourprestigiousuniversity/workingasastaffmember.Last,myhobbiesincludesportsandmusic.WordsfailmewhenItrytoexpressmyheartfeltgratitudetothehelpyourenderme.Yourpromptandfavorableattentiontomyinquirywouldbehighlyappreciated.Yourssincerely,LiMing邀請(qǐng)信：Directions:Youwanttoinvitesomefriendstoaparty.Writeaninvitationlettertothemindividually:邀請(qǐng)他們參加晚會(huì)，說明舉辦晚會(huì)的原因，為他們安排了什么活動(dòng)DearSnoopy,IamgreatlyhonoredtoformallyinviteyoutoparticipateinMr.GuoJing’sweddingceremonywithMs.FujiworatobeheldatBeijingGrandHotelfrom8to10p.m.onApril1,2008.Asyouareaclosefriendofus,wewouldverymuchlikeyoutoattendthecelebrationandshareourjoy.Theoccasionwillstartatseveno’clockintheevening,withtheshowingoftheirweddingceremony.Thiswillbefollowedbyadinnerparty.Ataroundten,wewillholdasmallmusicalsoiree,atwhichabandwillperformsomeworksbyBachandStrauss.IfyoudonothaveanypriorappointmentonApril1,welookforwardtothepleasureofyourcompany.Yourssincerely,LiMing口頭作文（致辭）：最新真題：1、04年6月：導(dǎo)游詞，Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositionentitledABriefIntroductiontoaTouristAttraction.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsaccordingtothefollowingguideline:Yourrole:atourguideYouraudience:agroupofforeigntouristsYourintroductionshouldinclude:-Somewelcomingwords-Theschedulefortheday-Adescriptionoftheplacethetouristswillbevisiting(e.g.ascenicspotorahistoricalsite,etc.)Youshouldmaketheintroductioninterestingandthearrangementsforthedaycleartoeverybody.2、05年1月：競選演講，Directions:Forthispart,youareallowedtowriteACampaignSpeechinsupportofyourelectiontothepostofchairmanofthestudentunion.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:你認(rèn)為自己具備了什么條件（能力、性格、愛好等）可以勝任學(xué)生會(huì)主席的工作，2.如果當(dāng)選你將會(huì)為本校同學(xué)做什么？萬能框架：開幕詞，SpeechMr.President,ladiesandgentlemen,Goodmorning,ladiesandgentlemen,welcometoBeijing!Tobeginwith,Iwouldliketomakeabriefintroductiontomyself.IamthepresidentofMotorola(China)ElectronicsLtd.Thefollowingismyintroductiontotheconference.First,itismygreathonortobeherewithallofyouanddeclareopentheConferenceofInternationalTradeCooperation.Second,onbehalfofourcompany,Iwouldliketoexpressmyheartfeltwelcometoalltheguestsanddelegates.Last,Ibelieveourcooperativeeffortsaresuretobeproductive..Iwasallofyouenjoyyourselvesduringthisconferenceandhopetheaboveinformationwillhelpyou.Ifyouhaveanyquestionforme,pleasefeelfreetoaskatanytime.Thankyouforyourattention.告示：最新真題：1、2006年6月17日：招募啟事，Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteaposterrecruitingvolunteers.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:校學(xué)生會(huì)將組織一次暑假志愿者活動(dòng)，現(xiàn)招募志愿者。本次志愿者活動(dòng)的目的、活動(dòng)安排等報(bào)名條件及聯(lián)系方式2、2007年6月：招新啟事，Directions:Forthispartyouareallowed30minutestowriteanannouncementtowelcomestudentstojointoaclub.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:1.本社團(tuán)的主要活動(dòng)內(nèi)容參加本社團(tuán)的好處如何加入本社團(tuán)萬能框架：比賽通告，AnnouncementDirections:TheStudent’sUnionofyourdepartmentisplanningaChineseSpeakingContest.Writeanannouncementwhichcoversthefollowinginformation:1)thepurposeofthecontest,2)timeandplaceofthecontest,3)whatisrequiredofthecandidates,4)detailsofthejudgesandawards.Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheannouncement.UseDepartmentofChineseLanguageandLiterature.Chinese-SpeakingContestJune10,2007Toimprovestudents’abilitytospeakChineseandenrichafter-classactivities,theStudents’UnionofChineseLanguageandLiteratureisorganizingaschool-wideChinese-speakingcontesttobeheldonSaturdaynextweek(17june)attheStudents’RecreationalCenter.ThosewhoareinterestedintalkingpartinitmaysignupwiththemonitorsoftheirclassesbeforeTuesdaynextweek.Fiveprofessorswillbeinvitedtobejudges.Thefirstsixwinnerswillbegivenawards.Everybodyiswelcometobepresentatthecontest.TheStudents’UnionDepartmentofChineseLanguageandLiterature第三節(jié)論說文評(píng)卷實(shí)例：實(shí)例一：Score:14BicyclesareverypopularinChina.Almosteveryfamilyinthecityhastwoorthreebicycles.Duringtherushhour,youcanseethatthousandsofpeople-manandwoman,oldandyoung-ridetheirbicyclestoworkandstudy.ThatiswhyChinaiscalled"thekingdomofbicycles."Comparedwithcars,bicyclesaresuperiorinmanyways.First,theyarecheap,convenientandeasytoride.Second,ridingbicycleisgoodforhealth.Third,theybringnonoisenorairpollution.Thoughcarsarefasterandmorecomfortable,theyaretooexpensive.Theyconsumeplentyofoilandtheypollutetheair.Sometimes,itisdifficultforadrivertoparkhiscar.Moreovertheyoftencausetrafficjamsandaccidents.Inmyopinion,thefutureofbicycleisverypromising.SinceChinaisadevelopingcountryandhasalargepopulation,Ithink,ridingbicycleisappropriatetoChinesepresentconditions.Itwillbeanimportantmeansoftransportationforquitealongtime.Score:11Theremillionsofbicyclesintoday'sChina.Bicyclesareveryimportantmeansoftransportinpeople'sdailylives.Becausetorideabicycleisverysimple,tobuyabicyclewillnotcostsomuchmoney,toparkabicycleneedsjustasmallroomandtorideabicycledoesnotneedoilbuttherider'sstrength,biyclesarepopularallovertheworld,especiallyinChina.Comparedwithacar,abicycleismuchcheaper.ItismoresuitableforChinaasadevelopingcountry.Andabicyclehasalmostcausednopollutionbutacarhas.Onthecountary,abicycleistooslow,itcostsmoretimesthanacar.IthinkthepopulationofChina'sbicyclewillbekeptforthelongrun.Becauseitwillbereplacedbyacar,abusandsooninsomedevelopedareasinChina,anditwillbemadeawideuseinthedevelopingareasinChina,thenumberofbicyclesinChinawillbethesameastodaybutIbelievethatit'squalitywillbeimproved.實(shí)例二：ReadingSelectivelyOrExtensivelyWhenitcomestoreading,somepeoplethinkthatreadingselectivelyisagoodway,butsomeotherpeopledonotagreewiththem,theythinkthatreadingextensivelyisbetter.Thosepeople,whothinkthatreadingselectivelyisbetter,believethatgoodbooksareasmanyasbadbooks.Thosegoodbookscangiveuspleasureandknowledge,whilethosebadbookscanonlyleadustothewrongway.So,theysuggestthatweshouldonlychoosethegoodbookstoreadandnevertouchthebadbooks.But,theotherpeople,whoholdthatreadingextensivelyisbetter,thinkthatonekindofbookscanonlygiveusoneaspectofknowledge.Eventhebestbookonlycontainsonefieldofinformation.So,theycaneasilycometotheconclusionthat"toknowmore,toreadmore".Sotheybelievethatreadingextensivelyisbetter.Tomypoint,weshouldchoosegoodbookstoreadandreadgoodbooksasmanyaspossible.Bythisway,wecanincreasethequalityandquantityofreading.Ithinkreadingnotonlyselectivelybutalsoextensively.Becausethetwosidesarenotcontradict.Ourtimeislimited.Sowecannotreadeverybookintheworld.However,wewillnotbeinterestedineverybook.Weshouldreadthosebooksmaybeusefultoours,readthosebookswhichwelike.Butthosebookswhichwechoosemustbeextensivelysoitcangiveoursallkindsofknowledge,newsandsoon,italsomakeoursbecomeawiseman.Ontheonehandreadingselectivelyletoursnotwasteourtimewhichitislimitted.Moreoveritcanemphasisamongallbooksthatwecanread.Ontheotherhandreadingextensivelycandealwithallkindsofneedinourlife.Theyareallusefultoours.Mostpeoplethoughtthatreadbooksshouldhavebeenselectived.Butothersbelivedreadingextentivelywascorrection.Selectivebooksorreadingextensively?Sur