21世紀大學英語基礎版BOOK1Unit6

Unit6-main1I.ObjectivesII.SuggestedTeachingPlanIII.BackgroundInformationIV.ClassPresentationUnit6-main2PartI?ListeningPartIIReadingPartIIISpeakingPartIVTranslation&WritingPartVTimetoRelaxVideoExercisesforU6-Workbook1Fromstudyingthisunit,studentsareexpectedto1.learnrelevantinformationaboutobesity,includingitscausesandrisks;2.gaineaseandfamiliaritywiththetheme-relatedexpressionsandtheirfunctionalstructures;3.understandthemainideaofTextAandTextB,aswellasmastertheusefulsentencestructuresandwordsandexpressionsfoundinthetwotexts’follow-upexercises;4.knowhowtousewordsornounphrasesthatindicateapposition;Objectives1I.Objectives5.comprehendtheapplicationinstructionsforapracticaldrivingtestanddotheexercisethatfollows;6.beabletowriteinvitationletters.Objectives2II.SuggestedTeachingPlanforUnit6TimeContentsPlan1periodTheme-relatedListeningSection1&2A.Turnstudents’attentiontothevocabularybox,drawingonquestionstoexploresomeofitsitems;B.Next,playtheshorttalkonce,ortwiceifnecessary,andaskclasstocompletetheshortsummaryaccordingtothedirectionsgiven;C.Afterwards,brieflydiscusstheshortsummarytoexploretheshorttalk’smainidea;D.Thenplaytheshorttalkagainfordetailssothatstudentscanfillintheblanksinthetextexcerpt;E.Lastly,askseveralstudentstoputsomeusefulexpressionsonthechalkboardasthebasisofadiscussion.SuggestedTeachingPlan1TimeContentsPlan1periodTheme-relatedListeningSection

3,4&5A.Transitmeaningfullyandsmoothlyfromtheshorttalkintothetwodialogues,keepingthethemeinmind;B.Putsomekeywordsfromthefirstdialogueonthechalkboardsoastofamiliarizestudentswiththem;C.Nowplaythefirstdialogueonce,ortwiceifnecessary,and,asawaytoexploreitsmainidea,askstudentstodecidewhethereachofthethreestatementsistrueorfalse;D.Next,playthefirstdialogueagainfordetailssoastoactivateadiscussionontherelatedquestions;SuggestedTeachingPlan2TimeContentsPlan1periodTheme-relatedListeningE.Thenplaytheseconddialogueonce,ortwiceifnecessary,followedbyhavingthestudentsdothelisteningcomprehensionexercises;F.After,checktheiranswersinameaningfulway,e.g.,asksomepersonalquestions.3periodsABriefReviewoftheTheme-relatedListeningSectionsTextA&Text-relatedExercisesReviewA.First,brieflyreviewwhatstudentslearnedinthefirstperiod;B.Next,raiseafewquestionstofacilitatereviewandenhancecommunication.StarterAfterfinishingthelisteningtasks,theteacherturnstoTextAoftheunit.Tobegin,theteacherSuggestedTeachingPlan3TimeContentsPlanA.tellsthestudentsthatthetextisaboutcornandthenasksthemthefollowingpre-readingquestions:1)Weknowthatcorniseatenasavegetable.Doyoulikeeatingcornorcorncobs?2)Doyoulikepoppedcorn?Why/Whynot?3)Doyouknowthatcorncanmakeusfat?IfanyofthestudentsknowstheanswertoQuestion3theteacherB.letshim/hertelltheclassaboutitandthenasksthestudentstoreadTextAtoseeiftheanswergivenisthesameasthatgiveninthetext.IfnoneofthestudentsknowtheanswertoQuestion4,theteacherSuggestedTeachingPlan4TimeContentsPlanC.givesthestudents10minutestoreadTextAandfindouttheanswertothequestionprovidedinthetext.Text

ATheteacherA.discussesthewholetextwiththestudents;B.whilediscussingthetextwiththestudents,callstheirattentiontothetext’sstructureanditsuseofwordsandphrases;C.guidesthestudentsthroughtheexercises,focusingoncertainoneswhileleavingothersashomework,dependingonthestudents’levels.2periodsTextB,TextC&Text-relatedExercisesText

BTheteacherA.asksthestudentstogooverthetextanddothesubsequentmultiplechoicequestions;SuggestedTeachingPlan5TimeContentsPlanB.whilediscussingthetextwiththestudents,callsthestudents’attentiontocertainnounphrasesusedasapposition;C.hasthestudentsdothevocabularyandlanguageuseexerciseseitherinclassorafterclass.1periodSpeakingTheteacherA.hasthestudentsticktheexpressionstheyhavelearned,askingthemtotelltheclasstheirunderstandingoftherest;SuggestedTeachingPlan6TextC

Thistextshouldbereadbythestudentsthemselvesastheirhomeworkorasfast-readinginclass.TimeContentsPlanB.requeststhestudentstoreadloudthedialoguebeforedoingtherole-play(independentofthescript);C.encouragesstudentstousethelanguagetheyhavelearnedfromthetextsintheexerciseofmonologue.1periodTranslationandWriting,TimetoRelax&WorkbookTheteacherA.leavesthesentencetranslationexerciseasthestudents’homework;B.helpsthestudentslearnhowtowriteinvitationlettersbyhavingthemdothefirstexerciseinPracticalWritingandthenrequiresthemtocompletethenexttwoexercisesafterclass;C.playsthesong“FoodChain”inclassandhasthestudentsfillintheblanksinthelyrics(thiscanbedoneasstudents’homeworkifthereisn’tmuchtimeleftinclass);SuggestedTeachingPlan7TimeContentsPlanD.ifpossible,playstheWorkbookvideoinclassandletsthestudentsdotheexercisebasedonthevideo.SuggestedTeachingPlan8BackgroundInformation-mainMichaelPollanMcDonald’sHFCSCentersforDiseaseControlandPreventionHealthscienceColoradoStateUniversityMichaelPollanMichaelPollan(bornFebruary6,1955)isanAmericanauthor,journalist,foodactivist,andprofessorofjournalismattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley.Forthepasttwenty-fiveyears,MichaelPollanhasbeenwritingbooksandarticlesabouttheplaceswherenatureandcultureintersect:onourplates,inourfarmsandgardens,andinthebuiltenvironment.HeistheauthoroffourNewYorkTimesbestsellers:FoodRules:AnEater’sManual(2021);InDefenseofFood:AnEater’sManifesto(2021);TheOmnivore’sDilemma:ANaturalHistoryofFourMeals(2006)andTheBotanyofDesire:APlant’s-EyeViewoftheWorld(2001).Pollanwasnamedtothe2021TIME100,themagazine’sannuallistoftheworld’s100mostinfluentialMichaelPollan1people.In2021hewasnamedbyNewsweekasoneofthetop10“NewThoughtLeaders.〞AcontributingwritertoTheNewYorkTimesMagazinesince1987,hiswritinghasreceivednumerousawards.In2021,heappearedinatwo-hourPBSspecialbasedonTheBotanyofDesireaswellasinthedocumentary,FoodInc.(2021),whichreceivedanAcademyAwardnomination.MichaelPollaninhisgarden

MichaelPollan2McDonald’sCorporationistheworld’slargestchainofhamburgerfastfoodrestaurants,servingmorethan58millioncustomersdaily.AMcDonald’srestaurantisoperatedbyeitherafranchisee,anaffiliate,orthecorporationitself.Thecorporation’srevenuescomefromtherent,royaltiesandfeespaidbythefranchisees,aswellassalesincompany-operatedrestaurants.McDonald’sprimarilysellshamburgers,cheeseburgers,chickenproducts,Frenchfries,breakfastitems,softdrinks,shakes(奶昔),anddesserts.InresponsetoobesitytrendsinWesternnationsandinthefaceofcriticismoverthehealthinessofitsproducts,thecompanyhasmodifieditsmenutoincludealternativesconsideredhealthiersuchassalads,wrapsandfruit.McDonald’sMcDonald’sHigh-fructosecornsyrup(HFCS)—alsocalledglucose-fructosesyrupintheUK,andglucose/fructoseinCanada—comprisesanyofagroupofcornsyrupsthathasundergoneenzymaticprocessing(酶處理)toconvertsomeofitsglucose(葡萄糖)intofructose(果糖)toproduceadesiredsweetness.IntheUnitedStates,consumerfoodsandproductstypicallyusehigh-fructosecornsyrupasasugarsubstitute.IntheUnitedStates,ithasbecomeverycommoninprocessedfoodsandbeverages,includingbreads,cereals,breakfastbars,lunchmeats,yogurts,soupsandcondiments.IntheU.S.,HFCSisamongthesweetenersthathaveprimarilyreplacedsucrose(tablesugar).HFCSwasclassifiedasgenerallyrecognizedassafebytheU.S.FoodandDrugAdministrationin1976.HFCSHFCSTheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention(orCDC，美國疾病預防控制中心，),foundedin1942duringWorldWarIIastheOfficeofNationalDefenseMalariaControlActivities,isaUnitedStatesfederalagencyundertheDepartmentofHealthandHumanServicesbasedinAtlanta.Itworkstoprotectpublichealthandsafetybyprovidinginformationtoenhancehealthdecisions,anditpromoteshealththroughpartnershipswithstatehealthdepartmentsandotherorganizations.TheCDCfocusesnationalattentionondevelopingandapplyingdiseasepreventionandcontrol(especiallyinfectiousdiseases),environmentalhealth,occupationalsafetyandhealth,healthpromotion,injurypreventionandeducationactivitiesdesignedtoimprovethehealthofthepeopleoftheUnitedStates.CentersforDiseaseControlandPreventionCentersforDiseaseControlandPreventionHealthscienceorbiomedicalscienceistheappliedsciencedealingwithhealth.Therearetwoapproachestohealthscience:thestudyandresearchofthefoodthatweeat;andthestudyandresearchofhealth-relatedissuestounderstandhowhumansandotheranimalsfunction,andtheapplicationofthatknowledgetoimprovehealthandtopreventandcurediseases.Healthresearchbuildsuponthenaturalsciencesofbiology,chemistry,andphysicsaswellasavarietyofmultidisciplinary(多學科的)fields.Someoftheotherprimarilyresearch-orientedfieldsthatmakecontributionstohealthsciencearebiochemistry,epidemiology(流行病學),genetics,andpharmacology(藥理學).HealthscienceHealth

scienceColoradoStateUniversity(CSU)wasfoundedin1870astheColoradoAgriculturalCollege,sixyearsbeforetheColoradoTerritorybecameastate.CSUisapublic,four-year,nationallyaccredited,comprehensiveresearchuniversitylocatedinFortCollins.Itisthe“universityofchoice〞forColoradoresidents—30%ofallofColorado’sscience,math,engineeringandtechnologymajorspursuedegreesatCSU.Inadditiontoitsexcellentprogramsinthoseareas,CSUoffersamongtheverybestprofessionalprogramsintheUnitedStatesinveterinarymedicine,occupationaltherapy,journalism,agricultureandconstructionmanagement.Inaddition,CSUisoneoftheUS’sleadingresearchuniversitieswithworld-classresearchininfectiousdisease,atmos-phericscience,cleanenergytechnologies,andenvironmentalscience.ColoradoStateUniversityColoradoStateUniversityPartI?Listening1.Listentotheupcomingshorttalkandthenfillintheblanksinthesentencesthatfollowwithtwoorthreewords.Firstgettingtoknowtheusefullanguagebelowmightbehelpful.UsefulLanguageskip/skIp/vt.

略過slim/slIm/a.

苗條的picky/

pIkI/a.

挑剔的dining/

daInIN/n.

進餐weight/weIt/n.

體重vegetarian/

ved

I

te

rI

n/n.

素食者motivation/

/n.

動機obesity/bIstI/n.

肥胖Listening1.11UsefulLanguageWHOabbr.

WorldHealthOrganization

世界衛(wèi)生組織cause/k

z/vt.

引起forthemostpart

在最大程度上habit/

/

n.

習慣physically/fIzIklI/ad.

身體上地Listening1.2Weareafraidofgrowingfat.Thatiswhywearecarefulabout.Butobesityisaamongus.Obesityis.Toavoidit,itisimportantforustoeathealthyandstay.whatweeatgrowingproblemphysicallyactive4)________________2)________________1)____________Scriptadisease3)__________Listening1.3Script:Hello,youngladiesandgentlemen,Canyoumakealistofthingsyouareafraidof?Isgrowingfatinthelist?Aretheresomeyoungwomenherewhosayyestothat?Doesanybodyhereskipbreakfastorlunchjusttostayslim?Or,areyouapickyeaterinthediningroom?So,youareverycarefulaboutwhatyoueat?Becauseyoukeepwatchoveryourweight,right?Arethereanyvegetarianshere4)inclass?Howcomeyoueatonlyvegetarianfoods?Tocontrolyourweight,orforsomethingelse?Whateveryourmotivation,IthinkIcanunderstand.Obesityisagrowingproblemamongus.TheWHOsaysthatobesityisactuallyadisease.Itcancausesomanyhealthproblems.Whatcancausesobesity?Forthemostpart,itisoureatinghabits.So,itisimportanttowatchourweight.MoreListening1.4Script:importantly,weneedtoeathealthy.Gettoknowwhatweeat,howmuchweeat,andhowmuchweburninourbody.Themessageisclear:Tocontrolweight,weneedtoeathealthyandstayphysicallyactive.Listening1.5Hello,youngladiesandgentlemen,Canyoumakealistofthingsyouare1)?Isgrowingfatinthelist?Aretheresomeyoungwomenherewhosayyestothat?Doesanybodyhereskipbreakfastorlunchjustto2)?Or,areyouapickyeaterinthediningroom?So,youareverycarefulaboutwhatyoueat?Becauseyoukeepwatchover3),right?Arethereanyvegetarianshere4)?Howcomeyoueatonlyvegetarianfoods?Tocontrolyourweight,orfor5)?Whateveryourmotivation,IthinkIcanunderstand.Obesityisagrowingproblemamongus.TheWHOsaysthatstayslimyourweight2.Listentotheshorttalkagainandfillintheblanksbelowwiththemissingwords.somethingelseListening2.1______________________________________afraidof_________inclass________2obesityisactuallyadisease.Itcancausesomany6).Whatcancausesobesity?Forthemostpart,itisour7).So,itisimportanttowatchourweight.8),weneedtoeathealthy.Gettoknowwhatweeat,howmuchweeat,andhowmuch9)inourbody.Themessageisclear:Tocontrolweight,weneedtoeathealthyandstay10).physicallyactiveListening2.2________________eatinghabitsimportantlyweburn_____________________healthMore________________problems_________________3.Intheupcomingconversation,DavidandDoraaretalkingabouttheamountofcalories(卡路里)anaveragepersonburnsinaday.Listentothemandthendecidewhethertheconversation-basedstatementsbelowaretrueorfalse.Firstgettingtoknowthefollowingusefullanguagemightbehelpful.UsefulLanguageaverage/

/a.

平均的；平常的Itdepends. 這要看情況而定。Thatmakessense. 有道理。adult/

/a.

成年的light/

laIt/a.

輕的Listening3.131)Itishardtosayhowmanycaloriesanaveragepersonburnsinaday.2)Womenburnmorecaloriesthanmen.3)Infact,howmanycaloriesapersonburnsadaydependsonweightandactivity.TFTListening3.2_________Script:David:Dora:David:Dora:David:Dora:David:Listenign3.3Script:Howmanycaloriesdoestheaveragepersonburninaday?Itdepends.Anydifferencebetweenmenandwomen?Yes.Mentendtoburnmorecaloriesthanwomen,largelybecauseofthefactthatmenarebiggerthanwomeninsize.Thatmakessense.Italsodependsontherelationbetweenweightandactivity.Givemeanexample.Dora:David:Dora:David:Listening3.4Script:Anaverageadultmanwithaweightof150poundsburnsabout2,000calorieseachdaywithverylightactivity.Abiggermanwhoweighs200poundsburnsaround2,300calorieseachdaywithlittleactivity.Iseewhatyoumean.Foreitherman,however,manymorecaloriesareburnedeachdaywithincreasedexercise.Understood.1)Howmanycaloriesdoesanaveragepersonburninaday?2)Anydifferencebetweenmenandwomen?3)Istherearelationbetweenweightandactivity?4)Howmanycaloriesdoesanaverageadultmanweighing150poundsburneachday?4.Listentotheconversationagainandthenanswerthefollowingquestions.Itdepends.Yes.Mentendtoburnmorecaloriesthanwomen,largelybecauseofthefactthatmenarebiggerthanwomeninsize.Yes,thereis.About2,000calorieswithverylightactivity._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Listening4.145)Howmanycaloriesdoesanaverageadultmanweighing200poundsburneachday?Around2,300calorieswithlittleactivity.______________________________________________Listening4.25.DoraandDavidaretalkingaboutenergybalance.Listentotheirconversation,andthenanswerthequestionsbychoosingthebestanswer.Firstgettingtoknowthefollowingusefullanguagemightbehelpful.UsefulLanguagethewholepointtoallthisis

關鍵是vs.

abbr.

versus

對，比exactly/

/ad.

正是I’mwithyou.

同意。smart/

/ad.

精明地Listening5.15UsefulLanguagewisely/

/ad.

明智地celery/

/n.

芹菜gram/

/n.

克broccoli/

/n.

西蘭花potatochips 油炸薯片cutdownon 減少oily/

/a.

油膩的balance/

/n.

平衡makesense 是明智的Listening5.2Script:Yes,thewholepointtoallthisistoknow“caloriesinvs.caloriesout.〞Isee.So,toloseweight,youmustburnmorecaloriesthanyoutakein?Exactly.Weneedtoeatsmart,eathealthy,beawareofthecalorievalueoffoodsandthenchoosewisely.Oh,sothat’swhyyouaresocarefulaboutwhatyoueat.Youknowthevegetablecelery?Yes?Thereareonly200caloriesin1,425gramsofcelery;likewisein588gramsofbroccoli.Butthereisthesame200caloriesinonly37gramsofpotatochips.Listening5.3Dora:David:Dora:David:Dora:David:Dora:David:Script:Listening5.4Ican’tbelievethat!I’llcutdownontheamountofoilyfoodItakein.Agoodstart!IknowyouneedmorecaloriesthanIdo.Butitiswisetowatchyourenergybalance.Imeanthebalancebetweenhowmanycaloriesaretakeninandhowmanycaloriesareburnedinthebody.Right.Thatbalancewillbebettermaintainedbytakinginmorefruitsandvegetables,likecelery,forinstance.Tofollowup,ontheInternetyoucangetalltheinformationyouneedaboutfoodsandtheircalories.Youcanteachyourselfthere.David:Dora:David:Dora:Script:Listening5.5Iknow.Nowaytoeatsmartandstayhealthywithoutputtingintimeandeffort.Meanwhile,itmakesgoodsensetostayphysicallyactive,too.That’spreciselywhatbalanceisallabout.David:Dora:David:Script:1)Whydoyouburnmorecaloriesthanaretakenin?A)Tobalance.B)Toeatsmart.C)Toeathealthy.2)WhatdoesDavidsayaboutDora?A)Sheisavegetarian.B)Shespendslittleonfood.D)Shelikescelerybetterthananything.Listening5.6D)Toloseweight.C)Sheiscarefulaboutwhatsheeats.3)WhatisDavidgoingtodo?B)Switchto(轉向)vegetables.C)Studyenergybalance.D)FollowDora.4)Whereisalltheinformationavailable,accordingtoDora?A)Intextbooks.C)Inthehumanbody.D)Intheenergybalance.Listening5.7A)Reducetheamountofhisoilyfood.B)OntheInternet.5)Whatalsomakessense?A)Toknowyourself.B)Tochoosefoodswisely.D)Toknow“caloriesinvs.caloriesout.〞Listening5.8C)Tostayphysicallyactive.Reading-mainTextA?IsCornMakingUsFat?PartIIReadingTextB?CanMilkMakeYouHappy?ExercisesExercisesTextC?What’sforLunch?PartII?ReadingTextAIsCornMakingUsFat?SandyFritz1

ThenumberofoverweightkidsintheU.S.hastripledsince1980.Meanwhile,theamountofcornbeingaddedtoourfoodshasrisendramatically.Isthereaconnection?TextA11)Whathastripledsince1980?ThenumberofoverweightkidsintheU.S.2)Whathasrisendramatically?Theamountofcornbeingaddedtoourfoods.Question1Para.1ofTextAQuestionsAboutThisParagraph玉米在使我們肥胖？桑迪·弗里茨如在美國，超重兒童的數(shù)量自1980年以來已增至三倍。與此同時，添加進我們食物中的玉米數(shù)量也有了大幅增長。這中間有因果關系嗎？ChineseVersion1ChineseVersionIsCornMakingUsFat?:玉米在使我們肥胖？名詞corn作“玉米〞解是美式英語，英式英語是“maize〞。IsCornMakingUsFat?NotesSandyFritz/

/:桑迪·弗里茨SandyFritz是美國人，是一名作家、教育工作者(educator)，也是世界上享有威望的按摩治療師(massagetherapist)。SandyFritzNotescorn/kn/:n.theseedsofthemaizeplant,ortheplantitself玉米cornLanguagePointse.g.sweetcornIcookyellowcornandwhitecorn,butIdon’tcookredcorn.我煮黃玉米和白玉米飯，但不煮紅玉米飯。甜玉米overweight/vwet/:a.(ofpeople)tooheavyandfat超重的，過胖的overweightLanguagePointse.g.anoverweightman/woman/childHeeatstoomuchandisquiteoverweight.他吃得太多，因此身體太胖。一個超重的男子/女子/孩子overweight的反義詞是underweight，意思是“重量缺乏的〞。triple/trpl/:v.becomeormake(sth.)threetimesasmuchorasmany〔使〕增至三倍tripleLanguagePointse.g.Hisincometripledinthreeyears.Inthepastfiveyearsthecompanyhastripleditssales.過去5年中,該公司銷售量增至三倍。三年中，他的收入增至三倍。meanwhile/

/:ad.

duringthislengthoftime與此同時meanwhileLanguagePointsamount/

/:n.(usedesp.withuncountablenouns)thetotalnumberorquantity數(shù)量，總額amountLanguagePointse.g.Weneedalargeamountofmoneytobuildabridgeacrosstheriver.在這條河上造一座橋我們需要大量的錢。amount用于修飾不可數(shù)名詞，而number用于修飾可數(shù)名詞，如本段中的第一個句子：ThenumberofoverweightkidsintheU.S.hastripledsince1980.dramatically/

/:ad.

verygreatly巨大地，大幅度地dramaticallyLanguagePointsconnection/knekn/:n.somethingthatconnectstwofacts,ideas,etc.聯(lián)系；關系；因果關系connectionLanguagePointse.g.haveadirect/close/strongconnectionwithsth.Theconnectionbetweensmokingandheartdiseaseiswellknown.吸煙與心臟病有關系是眾所周知的。與某事物有直接的/密切的/牢固的聯(lián)系Thenumberofoverweightkids…;theamountofcorn…超重兒童的數(shù)量……；玉米的數(shù)量……注意number和amount都表示“數(shù)量〞意思時的用法：thenumberof+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)，謂語動詞用單數(shù)；theamountof+不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。Thenumberof…NotesMeanwhile,theamountofcornbeingaddedtoourfoodshasrisendramatically.

與此同時，添加進我們食物中的玉米數(shù)量也有了大幅增長。句中，分詞短語beingaddedtoourfoods用作corn的定語。此處也可以用一個定語從句表示：theamountofcornthat/whichisaddedtoourfoods。Meanwhiletheamountof…Notes2Manyofthethingsthatweeatareloadedwithcorn.Chickennuggetsarefullofcornstarch.Cornsyrupsweetenssodaandketchup.Eventoothpastehascornsugar.3“Therearesome45,000itemsintheaveragesupermarket,〞writesauthorMichaelPollan.“Morethanaquarterofthemcontaincorn.〞4ConsideramealfromMcDonald’s.“Whenyoueatfastfood...you’reeatingcorn,〞saysPollan.“Thebeefhasbeencorn-fed.ThemainingredientinsodaisHFCS(high-fructosecornsyrup),andhalfthecaloriesinFrenchfriescomefrom(fryingthemin)cornoil.〞TextA2-41)Whatdomanyofthethingsthatweeatcontain?Corn.2)Whydosodaandketchuptastesweet?Becausetheycontaincornsyrup.3)Whatiscontainedintoothpaste?Cornsugar.Question2-4Paras.2-4ofTextAQuestionsAboutTheseParagraphs4)Howmanyoftheitemsintheaveragesupermarketcontaincorn?Morethanaquarterofthemcontaincorn.5)WhatareweeatingwhenweeatfastfoodaccordingtoPollan?Corn.我們吃的很多東西都摻有玉米。雞塊中充滿了玉米淀粉。玉米糖漿成了果汁汽水和調味番茄醬的甜味劑。甚至牙膏里也有右旋糖?！耙话愠欣锛s有45000種商品，〞作家邁克爾·波倫寫道?！捌渲谐^四分之一的商品含有玉米。〞考慮考慮麥當勞的一餐吧。“當你吃快餐時……你其實是在吃玉米，〞波倫說。“牛肉是用玉米喂養(yǎng)而來的。果汁汽水的主要成分是高果糖玉米糖漿，而法式炸薯條中的卡路里一半來自玉米油。〞ChineseVersion2-4ChineseVersionTherearesome45,000itemsintheaveragesupermarket.一般超市里約有45000種商品。句中some是副詞，表示“大約〞的意思。課文第五段中…isamajorreasonthatsome60percentofAmericans…，此句中的some也是“大約〞的意思。Therearesome…Notesbeloadedwith:befullof充滿…的beloadedwithLanguagePointsload/ld/:vt.putalargequantityofsth.ontoorintosth.使充滿loadLanguagePointse.g.(be)loadedwithaheartloadedwithcareatableloadedwithdeliciousfoodTheshipwasloadedwithpassengersinonly15minutes.心事重重充滿了；裝著這條船在15分鐘內(nèi)就上滿了乘客。擺滿美味佳肴的餐桌nugget

/

n

gt/:n.asmallroundpieceofsometypesoffood;asmallroughlyshapedlump,

esp.ofgold小圓塊食物；天然金塊nuggetLanguagePointse.g.chickennuggetscoconutnuggetgoldnuggets椰子牛軋?zhí)请u塊天然金塊cornstarch/knstt/:n.starchmadefromcornandusedinfoodsasathickeningagent玉米淀粉cornstarch是美式英語，英式英語是cornflour。cornstarch是由“名詞+名詞〞構成的合成詞，starch是“淀粉〞的意思。cornstarchLanguagePointse.g.Cornandpotatoescontainmuchstarch.玉米和馬鈴薯含有大量淀粉。syrup

/sIrp/:n.averysweetliquidmadefromsugarandwater,oftenusedincansoffruit

糖漿syrupLanguagePointse.g.grapesyrupcoughsyrupHehadsomebreadspreadwith

syrup.咳嗽糖漿葡萄糖漿他吃了一些涂糖漿的面包。sweeten

/switn/:vt.make(foodordrinks)tastesweeterbyaddingsugar,etc.使變甜；加糖于sweetenLanguagePointse.g.ShallIsweetenyourcoffee?Applessweetenasthey

becomeripe.蘋果熟了就會變甜。我給你的咖啡加點糖好嗎？soda/s/:n.

果味汽水sodaLanguagePointsketchup/

/:n.

番茄沙司，番茄醬ketchupLanguagePointstoothpaste

/tupeIst/:n.apasteforcleaningtheteeth牙膏toothpasteLanguagePointse.g.atubeoftoothpasteWhichbrandoftoothpastedoyouprefer?你愛用什么牌子的牙膏?一支牙膏item//:n.onethingonalistofthingstobuy,do,talkabout,etc.條，項；工程；一件商品itemLanguagePointsaverage

/

/:a.普通的，一般的；平均的averageLanguagePointse.g.averageincome/price/rainfallTheaverageageoftheboysinthisclassisfifteen.TheaverageBritishfamilyhastwochildren.這個班級中男生的平均年齡為15歲。平均收入/價格/降雨量普通的英國家庭有兩個小孩。supermarket

/sjupmkt/:n.

alargeshopwhichsellsallkindsoffoodandsomehousehold

goods超級市場，超市supermarket1LanguagePointse.g.asupermarketchainThefunction

ofthesupermarketistoprovidethehousewifewithallthenecessities.超市連鎖店,連鎖超市超級市場的功能是為家庭主婦提供一切生活必需用品。supermarket2LanguagePoints注意下面幾個表示購物場所詞語的細微區(qū)別：hypermarket(averylargesupermarket)大規(guī)模超級市場，大賣場；shoppingmall

(acoveredareawithshops,supermarketsandrestaurants)大型購物中心；shopping

center(agroupofshopstogetherinonearea,ofteninonelargebuilding)購物中心；departmentstore(alargeshopwithmanydepartmentsorsections—eachdepartment

sellsadifferenttypeofgoods)百貨公司。MichaelPollan/

/:邁克爾·波倫MichaelPollanLanguagePointsquarter/

k

/:n.

oneoffourequalpartsofsth.;15minutes四分之一；一刻鐘quarterLanguagePointscontain/k

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have(sth.)aspartofthewhole含有containLanguagePointsMcDon