小升初英語語法專項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí)動詞和時(shí)態(tài)完美課件

1動詞be動詞（am，

is，are）情態(tài)動詞助動詞行為動詞2be

動詞be動詞：am，is，arebe動詞的否定形式：am

not（沒有縮略形式）are

not=aren’t

，is

not=isn’tbe動詞的過去式：am，is的過去式was；are的過去式were主語第一人稱+am主語第二人稱+are主語第三人稱單數(shù)+is；復(fù)數(shù)+are3情態(tài)動詞4情態(tài)動詞本身有一定的詞義，但它必須和實(shí)義動詞原形一起構(gòu)成句子謂語。情態(tài)動詞有：can，must，could，would，may，shall，should其否定形式為：cannot=can’t，mustnot=mustn’t，could

not=couldn’t

；would

not=wouldn’t

；may

not（無縮寫形式），should

not=shouldn’t注意，情態(tài)動詞后應(yīng)用動詞原形。助動詞do，does用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，其過去式did用于一般過去時(shí)。它們通常用在疑問句、否定句中。它們的否定形式分別為：do

not=don’t，doesnot=doesn’t

；did

not=didn’t注意：（1）在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中，does用于第三人稱單數(shù)，其余一律用助動詞do。（2）助動詞do，does，did后用動詞原形。5行為動詞行為動詞又稱實(shí)義動詞，表示動作和狀態(tài)，能獨(dú)立作謂語。目前，我們學(xué)過的動詞形式有：動詞原形、動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞、動詞的過去式三種。6用適當(dāng)?shù)闹鷦釉~填空you

like

this

magazine？1、

Do72、-Whadt

oes

shedo

at

theweekends？-She

usually

plays

games

with

her

friends.3、What

you

do

last

Sunday？

-I

wroteto

my

fdriidend.4、-Did

you

see

a

film

called

The

GreenHornet？-No，I

.5、

Jim

have

adpidanrt’ty

every

Sunday？Does用be動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空3、Where

his

football？4、I

a

student

one

year

ago，but

now

I1、You

aremygoodfriend.2、Jim

and

I

arein

the

same

team.8isateawchaesr.am動詞和時(shí)態(tài)9動

詞知識梳理一、動詞的概念與分類動詞是句子中表示動作或者狀態(tài)的詞。根據(jù)動詞的詞義和在句中的作用，可以將動詞劃分為如下幾類：10二、動詞的基本形式情態(tài)動詞:沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，后面接動詞原形。如：I

can

play

basketball

well.Mike

can

speak

Chinese.be動詞:根據(jù)人稱和時(shí)態(tài)的不同，呈現(xiàn)不同形式。如：現(xiàn)在時(shí)：I

am

very

happytoday.Mike

is

an

American

boy.They

are

playing

in

the

snow.過去時(shí)：He

was

in

Grade

3

lastyear.We

were

at

homeyesterday.將來時(shí)：There

will

be

a

match

between

Class1and

Class

2tomorrow.113.助動詞:不能單獨(dú)在句中使用，在句中的作用是幫助構(gòu)成否定、疑問等句式。如：We

do

not

(don't)have

classes

onSaturdays.My

father

does

not

(doesn't)

work

inthe

hospital.Did

you

go

swimming

last

weekend?124.實(shí)義動詞:小學(xué)階段所學(xué)的實(shí)義動詞有四種形式，即動詞原形、第三人稱單數(shù)形式、現(xiàn)在分詞形式(動詞的ing形式)和過去式形式。如:13(1)動詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式的構(gòu)成①一般情況下，在動詞詞尾加s。如：work—works，look—looks，want—wants②以ch,sh,s,x,o結(jié)尾的動詞，在詞尾加es。如：teach—teaches，wash—washes，dress(裝扮)—dresses，fix(安裝)—fixes，go—goes③以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動詞，改y為i，再加es。如：fly—flies，cry—cries【注】play—plays,buy—buys④不規(guī)則變化。如：have—has，be—is14(2)動詞現(xiàn)在分詞形式的構(gòu)成①一般情況下，在動詞詞尾加ing。如：go—going，play—playing②以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的動詞，去e再加ing。如：write—writing，come—coming③以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，且詞尾只有一個輔音字母的動詞，雙寫最后這個輔音字母再加ing。如：run—running，swim—swimming，shop—shopping④以ie結(jié)尾的動詞，將ie改為y，再加ing。如：

die—dying，lie—lying15(3)動詞過去式的構(gòu)成①一般情況下，在動詞詞尾加ed。如：work—worked，play—played等②以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的動詞，在詞尾加d。如：close—closed，arrive—arrived③以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動詞，改y為i，再加ed。如：cry—cried，study—studied④以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，且詞尾只有一個輔音字母的動詞，雙寫最后這個輔音字母再加ed。如：stop—stopped，drop—dropped16⑤動詞的不規(guī)則變化(見下表)1718考點(diǎn)精析19考點(diǎn)1

考查動詞的變化形式【例1】根據(jù)句意和單詞首字母提示填寫動詞，并注意其動詞的形式。Can

yous

Englishsongs?She

usually

g

toschoolat7:00.Look!Amy

is

w

TV.I

c

myroomlastnight.解析:本題考查動詞基本形式的寫法和用法。在做此題時(shí)，不僅要考慮主語的人稱，還要注意句子的時(shí)態(tài)，這樣才能根據(jù)句意和首字母提示填寫出動詞的正確形式。第1小題應(yīng)填寫動詞原形sing，因?yàn)榍閼B(tài)動詞can后要加動詞原形。第2小題的主語是第三人稱，句子又是陳述習(xí)慣性的動作。謂語動詞應(yīng)使用第三人稱單數(shù)形式goes。第3小題中的look一詞提示了本題要用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，所以要用現(xiàn)在分詞watching。第4題由lastnight這一時(shí)間狀語可知本題要用一般過去時(shí)，所以謂語動詞應(yīng)填過去式cleaned。答案：

1.

sing 2.

goes 3.

watching 4.

cleaned20舉一反三用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Thecat (run)

around

the

tree.2.They

are (clean)

their

classroom.3.I (have)

a

cold

last

week.4.Don't (talk)

loudly

in

the

library.5.My

mother (make)

a

big

cake

lastmonth.6.What (do)

she

do

lastnight?7.My

aunt

often (go)

shopping

on

Sundays.8.Sarah (buy)

a

red

bagyesterday.21runscleaninghadtalkmadedidgoesbought考點(diǎn)2

考查助動詞、be動詞的使用【例2】選擇適當(dāng)?shù)闹鷦釉~填空。He

not

do

homework

on

Fridayevening.

youhavecrayons?Tom

not

read

English

this

morning.22解析:本題考查學(xué)生對助動詞do的三種形式的正確運(yùn)用。第1小題中onFridayevening

是常態(tài)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，而主語he

是三單形式，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的三單形式does;第2小題you

是非三單形式，用do；第3小題中this

morning

表示過去的時(shí)間，且過去式不受人稱影響，故用did。答案：1.

does 2.

Do 3.

did23舉一反三24amwas1.用be動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。(1)I

in

GradaereSix

this

year.

Last

year，

I

in

Grade

Five.There

manytallwbeuriledingsherenow.Twentyyearsago，

there

some

small

houses.MikeandJack

twin

barorethers.

They

look

the

same.Iwantto

a

teacher

in

the

future.2.用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

(will)

you

likbeesome

tea？

(do)

he

watch

TV

last

night？WouldDid考點(diǎn)3

考查情態(tài)動詞的使用【例3】單項(xiàng)填空。( )He

read

the

book

now.A.is

can

B.cans C.

can解析:本題考查情態(tài)動詞的正確使用。情態(tài)動詞can的用法很容易混淆。can和be動詞或其他的助動詞不能同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在句中；can不受人稱的影響，故不存在cans的形式；在本題中還要分析清楚，now不表示現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。答案：C25舉一反三1.選詞填空。May/ICuasne

yourpen？What

I

do

then？shouldYou

be

a

middle

school

student.We

mudsot

something

for

Grandpa

Li.

we

go

now？canShall26You

must

stop

at

a

redlight.27I

can't

speak

Chinese

or

English

well.按要求完成下列各題。I

can

speak

Chinese

and

English

well.(改成否定句)當(dāng)你想提醒朋友，讓他周末要幫助媽媽做家務(wù)時(shí)，你可以說：You

should

do

some

housework

for

your

mother

on

weekends.你想告訴想要闖紅燈的人，紅燈必須停，你應(yīng)該說：考點(diǎn)4

考查動詞的綜合運(yùn)用【例4】用read的適當(dāng)形式填空。Youcan

(read)

the

book

in

the

library.She

(read)

a

book

now.CanI

(read)

this

booknow?Myfather

(read)

newspapers

every

morning.—Didyou

（read）the

comic

book?—Yes,I

（read）it

yesterday.28解析:本題圍繞一個詞read

展開，考查了不同時(shí)態(tài)、不同人稱情況下，實(shí)義動詞的用法。第1小題中can+原形動詞；第2小題now表示的是現(xiàn)在，體現(xiàn)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，

she是三單形式，故而be+動詞的ing形式是本小題需要的答案；第3小題不管后面出現(xiàn)什么，can+原形動詞；第4小題every

morning體現(xiàn)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，而my

father是第三人稱，故而動詞要用三單形式；第5小題did

之后加動詞原形，答句中用過去式形式,read

的過去式和原形同形。答案:1.

read 2.

isreading 3.read 4.

reads5.

read;

read29(4)

Can

you clean)

the

table

now？30are

singing舉一反三1.用所給動詞的li適ke當(dāng)形式填空。We

(like)music.Nowwe

(sing).Let's

(gog)oto

the

cinema.He

(is)

ill

yesterday.was(5)Doyou

(goc)letaontheparkonSaturdays？go( )

(1) Whatdidhe

yesterday?A.do

B.does

C.did( )

(2) Heis

with

his

friend.31A.talked

B.talking

C.talks2.單項(xiàng)填空。AB( )

(3)

—Howishefeeling?—He

better.A32A.feels B.isfeel C.is

feeling( )

(4)

—Whatareyoudoing?—I'm

dinner.A.cook

B.cooks

C.cooking(

)C(5)

Don't

TV.A.watch

B.watching

C.watchesA過關(guān)檢測33一、按要求改寫下列單詞。1.have（第三人稱單數(shù)形式）

2.do（現(xiàn)在分詞）

3.slept（動詞原形）

hasdoing4.take（動詞過去式）

sleeptook7.driver（動詞形式）

348.write（動詞過去式）

come（反義詞）

gowash（第三人稱單數(shù)形式）

washesdrivesit（動詞過去式）

wrotetold（動詞原形）

sattell二、選詞填空，將下列短文補(bǔ)充完整。Myparentsname

is

Sarah.I1.______an

American

girl

but

I2._______

in

Guangzhou

wnow.

My

father

is

a

teacher.He

3._________English.He

likes4.________ith

mypictures.Usually

myfather

5.

toworkbycar,butyesterdayhe6.

by

bus.My

motheris

a

nurse.She7.

inabighospital.Sahmeoften

8.

towork.She9.

playinglivbeaseball

verymuch.Weoften

10.

it

together.teaches

drawinggoeswent35workswalkslikesplay三、用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

(be)

these

your

shoes?I

can

Are

(play)

football

every

day.Iwantto

pla(byuy)

some

flowers

for

my

mother.Listen!Whois

(sing)

over

there?He

(do)

morninbguyexercises

every

morning.

yourmother

(wsinasghin)gthe

clothes

everyday?He

(not

teach)

English

in

our

school.He

(dleoaevse)

his

homework

at

home

this

morning.36washDoesdoesn't

teachleft15.No

(smoke)!37watchWhere

(bew)etrhee

twins

last

night?CanI

(watch)

TVnow?Myfatherlikes

(collect)

stamps.Joe'saunt

(work)

in

caoflalecctotirnyglast

year.Weshould

(help)

each

other.Thesun

(rise)

in

thweoeraksetd.help

(have)

this

orange,

please.She

(stay)

atrhisoems

etoday.Jack

is

goosdmaotking

(run),andheis

(run)

on

the

playground

now.Havestaysrunningrunning四、用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。Lasttermwe

(have)eightsubjects.Weall

(study)

very

hard.hadThey

(go)

to

the

park

next

Friday.stud3i.eIdt's10:00inthemorning.Thepupils

(have)

lessons

in

the

classroomsnow.will

go

/

aregoing38are

having4.Mymother

(go)shoppinginthemorningand

(take)

exercise

inthe39afternoon

every

day.5.It

(be)alwaysrainyandfoggylastweekend,butthisweekit

(be)muchgoestakes

(good).was6.Mybrotherandmysister

(benot)inChinalastyear.They

(go)

toEnglandto

(study)

Enigslish.betterweren'twentstudyroomafterschool.NextMondayshe

(sing)

for

us

in

class.7.—Listen!Who

(siisngsi)n?ging—Oh,thisisMissGreen.Shealways

(sing)and

(dance)

in

the

music40sings8.

— yourfriends

(come)

to

your

birthday

party

yesterday?dances—Yes,andthey

(give)

me

a

lot

of

birthday

presents.will/is

going

tosingDidcomegave五、單項(xiàng)填空。41( )1.—CanI

your

bike?—SAure.A.

ride B.riding C.

to

ride( )2.Myfather

anewcar.He

it

very

much.A.

have;

like B.

has;

likes C.

has;

likeB( )3.

heoften

his

homework

at

school?42AA.

Does;

do B.

Does;

does C.

Do;

does( )4.

—What

is

shedoing?—She

.A.

sCings B.

will

dance C.

is

tidying

her

room( )5.Iwanttogo

.A.

swim B.

toswimming C.

swimmingC( )6.Thesun

down

in

the

west.43CA.

go B.

is

going

to C.goes( )7.Maryoftenhelpshermum

the

dishes.A.

does B.

do C.

doing(

B)8.Ienjoy

to

music.A.listen B.listening C.listenedB( )9.Father

on

his

coat

and

went

out.44A.puts B.

put C.

putting( )10.I

totheteacher,butIdidn't

him.A.

listen;

heard B.

listened;

heard C.

listened;

hear( )11.He

after

he

finishes

his

homework.A.plays B.

is

going

to

play C.

playedBCB( )12.What

you

last

weekend?45A.

will;

do B.

does;

do C.

did;

do( )13.Tony

to

school

by

bike

last

year.( )14.

Mhour.CA.

goesB.

wentC.

will

goBrSmith

to

see

you

in

anA.

cameB.comesC.

will

co