專題27 Day25-2021年高考英語新題組合小卷限時練30天 - 副本

試卷第=page22頁，總=sectionpages33頁試卷第=page44頁，總=sectionpages44頁Day25班級____________學(xué)號____________姓名____________得分____________（時間:50分鐘分值：58分）序號題型內(nèi)容1閱讀理解對先進(jìn)的聲納技術(shù)的詳細(xì)介紹。2七選五介紹了人們對成功和失敗的反應(yīng)3短文改錯作者和同學(xué)們一起去野營，度過了一個非常愉快的周末4書面表達(dá)關(guān)于放假的活動安排的方案征集Part1閱讀理解（共4小題；每小題2分，滿分8分）（2021·北京朝陽區(qū)·高三一模）TheLandUndertheSeaTenthousandyearsago,asthelasticeageended,sealevelsaroundtheworldwerefarlowerthantheyaretoday.MuchofthelandunderboththeNorthSeatotheeastofBritainandtheEnglishChannelwhichnowseparatesFranceandBritainwaspartofahugeregionofforestsandgrassyplains.Thentheclimategraduallybecamewarmerandthewatertrappedinlargemassesoficewasreleased.Nowthedevelopmentofadvancedsonar(聲納)technology,knownasbathymetry,ismakingitpossibletostudythisfloodedlandscapeinextraordinarydetail.Aspecialecho(回聲)sounderisfixedtothebottomofasurveyshipanditmakeswidesweepsacrosstheseabed.Whileprevioustechnologyhasonlybeenabletoproducetwo-dimensionalimages,bathymetrycannowusecomputers,satellite-positioningequipmentandspecialsoftwaretocreateaccurateandremarkablydetailedmaps.Forthefirsttime,anancientriverbedjumpsoutofthethree-dimensionalimage.Thesiteofpre-historicsettlementscannowbepinpointed.AccordingtoexpertLindaAndrews,thistechnologicaldevelopmentisofhugesignificance.“Wenowhavetheabilitytomaptheseabedasaccuratelyaswecanmapdryland,”shesays.Oncebathymetrictechniqueshaveidentifiedsiteswherepeoplemighthavebuilttheirhomesandvillages,diverscanbesentdowntoinvestigatefurther.Robotsubmarines(潛艇)canalsobeused,andresearchershopetheywillfindstonetoolsandwoodfromhousesasproofofhumanactivity.TheideasharedbymanypeopleinBritainoftheircountryasanaturalislandkingdomwillbechallengedbythefindings:Britainhasbeeninhabitedforabout500,000yearsandmuchofthistimeithasbeenlinkedonandofftocontinentalEurope.Itremainstobeseenhowfarthisnewawarenessistakenonboard,however.Infact,theuseofbathymetrywillnotbelimitedtothestudyoflostlandscapesandancientsettlements.Itwillalsobevitalinfindingshipsthathavebeendestroyedinaccidents.Inaddition,commercialapplicationsarearealpossibility.Aggregates(骨材)fortheconstructionindustryarebecomingincreasinglyexpensive,andbathymetrycanbeusedtoidentifysuitablesitesfordiggingforthismaterial.Mappingtheseabedwillalsoidentifyplaceswhererareplantsandshellfishareliving.Diggingatsuchsitesshouldbeprevented,eithertoworkforaprofitortomakedeeperwaterwaysformassivecontainerships.10．Howdoesbathymetrywork?A．Ithasanechosounderplacedontheseabed.B．Itmakesuseofanumberofdifferentdevices.C．Itproducestwo-dimensionalimagesoftheseafloor.D．Itbasesitscalculationsonthelocationofconstructionsites.11．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“pinpointed”inParagraph2probablymean?A．Occupied. B．Adjusted.C．Rebuilt. D．Discovered.12．Theauthorbelievesabetterunderstandingofthesettlementsontheseabedmay________.A．a(chǎn)ttractinvestmentintheresearchundertheseaB．inspirepeopletotakeaninterestinmoderntechnologyC．a(chǎn)dapttheattitudesoftheBritishtotheircountry’shistoryD．receiveconfirmationofrebuildingancientman-madeobjects13．Wecanlearnthattheuseofbathymetrywillhelpto________.A．identifynewspeciesofplantsandanimalsB．providethepreciselocationofsunkenshipsC．evaluatethecostofseekingcertainresourcesD．promotethedevelopmentofdeeperwaterwaysPart2七選五（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）（2021·北京朝陽區(qū)·高三一模）BlindOlympicAthletesShowtheUniversalNatureTuneintoanysportscoverageonTV,andyouwillseemanyathletesproudlyraisetheirarmsandheadsinvictory,whileamuchlargernumberhangtheirshouldersandnecksindefeat.Studieshaverevealedwhy—theyareuniversalbehaviours,performedbyhumansinresponsetosuccessandfailure.ThediscoverycamefromJessicaTracyfromtheUniversityofBritishColumbiaandDavidMatsumotofromSanFranciscoStateUniversity,whowantedtoseehowpeopleshowedfeelingsofprideandshame.1．Theytriedtofindalargegroupofpeople,anditwascriticallyimportantthatsomeofthesesubjectshadneverseenotherpeoplereactingtosuccessorfailurebefore.TheanswerwasAthens,duringthe2004OlympicGames.Itssistercompetition—theParalympics—includedmanyathleteswhowerebornblind.2．Workingwithaprofessionalphotographer,TracyandMatsumotocomparedthebodylanguageof108competitors,41ofwhomhadlosttheirsight,and12ofwhomwereblindfrombirth.Thephotographerrepeatedlytookpicturesoftheseathletesaftertheircompetitions,andtheresearcherscarefullyrecordedthepositionsoftheirheads,armsandbodies.3．Thewinnerstiltedtheirheadsup,smiled,liftedtheirarmsandpuffedouttheirchests,whileshouldersbentforwardandnarrowedchestswerethemarksoflosers.4．Menandwomenwhohaveneverseenotherpeoplebehaveinthesewaysstillmakeexactlythesamemovements.Andwhileit’spossiblethatparentsmayhavetaughttheirblindchildrensomeoftheseactions,it’sveryunlikelythattheycouldhavetaughtthemall—particularlytheexpansionornarrowingofthechest.Theseactionswerealsoremarkablyconsistentbetweencontestantsfromeverypartoftheworld.TracyandMatsumotoarguethatprideandshamedeserveaplacealongsideotherprimaryemotionslikehappiness,fearandsurprise.5．A．Theyareinbornbehavioursandareaccompaniedbytheirowndistinctsetsofactions.B．Infact,theculturewasfoundtohaveonlyaverysmalleffectontheirbodylanguage.C．Therefore,theycouldnothavewitnessedhowotherpeoplereactedtowinningandlosing.D．Theresultsuggestedthattheathleteswereshowingtheirpridebasedoncarefulobservation.E.Theathletes’behavioursgivestrongevidencethattheyhavehadtheactionsnaturallysincebirth.F.Analyzingthedata,theyfoundthatthesightedandsightlessathletesbehavedinalmostexactlythesameways.G.Inparticular,theywantedtoknowwhethertheseexpressionswereculturallydeterminedandlearnedthroughobservation.Part3短文改錯（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）（2021·全國高三一模）WeekendsseemtobetheverytimewhenmyclassmatesandImostlookforwardto,especiallythisweekend.Havingpreparedforthecampingforovertwoweeks,wesetoffexcitedlyinthemorningasplanning.Onarrivingatthefootofthemountain,wesetoutclimb.Weweretalkingorlaughingalltheway.Standingonthehillside,theycouldoverlookthevillageinthedistance.Withsmokesrisingfromchimneysandariverrunningthroughthevillage,thescenerywassoattractivelythatweenjoyedourselvesalot.Atnoon,wefinallyreachthetop,wherewewouldbesetupourtentsandspendthenight.Howanunforgettabletrip!Part4書面表達(dá)（滿分25分）（2021·上海閔行區(qū)·高三二模）Directions:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.假設(shè)你們學(xué)校擬給高三學(xué)生放三天假，各班可以自由安排。現(xiàn)有兩個方案可以供同學(xué)們選擇：1、野外拓展訓(xùn)練(outwardboundtraining)；2、在家自習(xí)功課。假設(shè)你班班長正在征集意見，請你給班長發(fā)郵件，說明通過對兩個方案的比較，你會選擇哪一個，并簡要說明你做出這個選擇的理由?！緟⒖即鸢浮縋art1閱讀理解10．B11．D12．C13．B【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章對先進(jìn)的聲納技術(shù)，也就是水深測量技術(shù)的發(fā)展和用途進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)介紹。10．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第三句“Whileprevioustechnologyhasonlybeenabletoproducetwo-dimensionalimages,bathymetrycannowusecomputers,satellite-positioningequipmentandspecialsoftwaretocreateaccurateandremarkablydetailedmaps.”（雖然以前的技術(shù)只能生成二維圖像，但水深測量技術(shù)現(xiàn)在可以使用計(jì)算機(jī)、衛(wèi)星定位設(shè)備和特殊軟件來繪制精確而詳細(xì)的地圖。）可知，水深測量技術(shù)使用了許多不同的設(shè)備來工作。故選B。11．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段倒第二句“Forthefirsttime,anancientriverbedjumpsoutofthethree-dimensionalimage.”（第一次，一個古老的河床從三維圖像中跳出來。）可知，史前定居點(diǎn)現(xiàn)在能夠被發(fā)現(xiàn)了。所以pinpoint的意思是“發(fā)現(xiàn)”，與discover同義。故選D。12．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第三句“TheideasharedbymanypeopleinBritainoftheircountryasanaturalislandkingdomwillbechallengedbythefindings”（許多英國人認(rèn)為他們的國家是一個天然島嶼王國的想法將受到調(diào)查結(jié)果的挑戰(zhàn)）可知，作者相信，對海底定居點(diǎn)的更好理解可能會改變英國人對本國歷史的態(tài)度。故選C。13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句“Itwillalsobevitalinfindingshipsthathavebeendestroyedinaccidents.”（它對于尋找在事故中被摧毀的船只也至關(guān)重要。）可知，使用水深測量將有助于提供沉船的精確位置。故選B。Part2七選五1．G2．C3．F4．E5．A【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)人們對成功和失敗的反應(yīng)是天生的，介紹了這一研究開展的過程以及研究發(fā)現(xiàn)。1．根據(jù)上文“ThediscoverycamefromJessicaTracyfromtheUniversityofBritishColumbiaandDavidMatsumotofromSanFranciscoStateUniversity,whowantedtoseehowpeopleshowedfeelingsofprideandshame.(這一發(fā)現(xiàn)來自英屬哥倫比亞大學(xué)的JessicaTracy和舊金山州立大學(xué)的DavidMatsumoto，他們想知道人們是如何表達(dá)自豪和羞愧的)”可知，上文提到JessicaTracy和DavidMatsumoto想知道人們是如何表達(dá)自豪和羞愧的，本句應(yīng)承接上文進(jìn)一步說明他們想法，G選項(xiàng)中They指代上文中JessicaTracy和DavidMatsumoto。故G選項(xiàng)“他們尤其想知道這些表達(dá)方式是否是文化決定的，是否是通過觀察習(xí)得的”符合語境，故選G。2．根據(jù)上文“Itssistercompetition—theParalympics—includedmanyathleteswhowerebornblind.(它的姊妹比賽——?dú)垔W會——包括許多天生失明的運(yùn)動員)”可知，上文提到殘奧會包括許多眼睛看不見的運(yùn)動員，故本句與上文構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，表示這些人無法目睹其他人對勝利和失敗的反應(yīng)，C選項(xiàng)中they指代上文manyathleteswhowerebornblind。故C選項(xiàng)“因此，他們無法目睹其他人對勝利和失敗的反應(yīng)”符合語境，故選C。3．根據(jù)上文“Workingwithaprofessionalphotographer,TracyandMatsumotocomparedthebodylanguageof108competitors,41ofwhomhadlosttheirsight,and12ofwhomwereblindfrombirth.Thephotographerrepeatedlytookpicturesoftheseathletesaftertheircompetitions,andtheresearcherscarefullyrecordedthepositionsoftheirheads,armsandbodies.(在一位專業(yè)攝影師的幫助下，Tracy和Matsumoto比較了108名參賽者的肢體語言，其中41人后天失明，12人從出生就失明。攝影師在運(yùn)動員比賽結(jié)束后反復(fù)拍照，研究人員仔細(xì)記錄他們頭部、手臂和身體的姿勢)”以及后文“Thewinnerstiltedtheirheadsup,smiled,liftedtheirarmsandpuffedouttheirchests,whileshouldersbentforwardandnarrowedchestswerethemarksoflosers.(獲勝者仰起頭、微笑、舉起雙臂、挺起胸膛，而失敗者的標(biāo)志是肩膀前傾、胸膛狹窄)”可知，上文提到Tracy和Matsumoto在對比運(yùn)動員的姿勢，后文則提到了一些獲勝者和失敗者所共有的肢體動作，可推測他們發(fā)現(xiàn)有視力和失明的運(yùn)動員的行為方式幾乎完全相同，故F選項(xiàng)“通過分析數(shù)據(jù)，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)有視力和失明的運(yùn)動員的行為方式幾乎完全相同”符合語境，故選F。4．根據(jù)上一段中“Thewinnerstiltedtheirheadsup,smiled,liftedtheirarmsandpuffedouttheirchests,whileshouldersbentforwardandnarrowedchestswerethemarksoflosers.(獲勝者仰起頭、微笑、舉起雙臂、挺起胸膛，而失敗者的標(biāo)志是肩膀前傾、胸膛狹窄)”以及后文“Menandwomenwhohaveneverseenotherpeoplebehaveinthesewaysstillmakeexactlythesamemovements.Andwhileit’spossiblethatparentsmayhavetaughttheirblindchildrensomeoftheseactions,it’sveryunlikelythattheycouldhavetaughtthemall—particularlytheexpansionornarrowingofthechest.(從來沒有見過別人有這種行為的男人和女人仍然做出完全相同的動作。雖然父母可能教過他們的盲童一些這些動作，但他們不太可能教過他們——尤其是胸部的擴(kuò)張或縮小)”可知，上一段對比的結(jié)果是有視力和失明的運(yùn)動員行為方式幾乎完全相同，都做出了一些共有的動作，后文則提到從來沒有見過別人有這種行為的男人和女人仍然做出完全相同的動作，可推測他們的行為證明了這些動作能力是天生就有的。故E選項(xiàng)“運(yùn)動員的行為有力地證明了他們從出生起就具有天生的動作能力”符合語境，故選E。5．根據(jù)上文“Theseactionswerealsoremarkablyconsistentbetweencontestantsfromeverypartoftheworld.TracyandMatsumotoarguethatprideandshamedeserveaplacealongsideotherprimaryemotionslikehappiness,fearandsurprise.(這些動作在來自世界各地的選手之間也非常一致。Tracy和Matsumoto認(rèn)為，驕傲和羞恥應(yīng)該和其他基本情感，如快樂、恐懼和驚訝，一起占有一席之地)”可知，來自世界各地的選手動作也一致，說明驕傲和羞恥是天生的行為，A選項(xiàng)中they指代上文中prideandshame。故A選項(xiàng)“它們是天生的行為，伴隨著它們自己獨(dú)特的一系列行為”符合語境，故選A。Part3短文改錯．1.when→that2.planning→planned3.在climb前加to4.or→and

5.they→we6.smokes→smoke7.attractively→attractive8.reach→reached

9.去掉be10.How→What【分析】這是一篇記敘文。作者和同學(xué)們一起去野營，度過了一個非常愉快的周末?！驹斀狻?.考查定語從句。句意：周末似乎是我和同學(xué)們最期待的時間，尤其是這個周末。定語從句“myclassmatesandImostlookforwardto”缺少賓語，且先行詞為time，所以應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞that。故將when改為that。2.考查過去分詞。句意：為野營準(zhǔn)備了兩個多星期，我們一大早就按計(jì)劃興奮地出發(fā)了。asplanned意為“按計(jì)劃”，為固定搭配。故將planning改為planned。3.考查todo不定式和固定搭配。句意：一到山腳下，我們就開始爬山。setouttodo意為“開始做某事”，為固定搭配。故在climb前加to。4.考查連詞。句意：我們一路上有說有笑。talking和laughing是并列關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)用and連接。故將or改為and。5.考