專題08閱讀理解-2022-2023學(xué)年高一英語上學(xué)期期末專項復(fù)習(xí)（譯林版2020）

專題08閱讀理解-2022-2023學(xué)年高一英語上學(xué)期期末專項復(fù)習(xí)（譯林版2020）【閱讀理解具體題型具體分析】標(biāo)題主旨題：找出主題句，先看首尾或各段開頭再看全文找主題句，若無明顯主題句，就通過關(guān)鍵詞句來概括(如議論文中尋找表達(dá)作者觀點態(tài)度的詞句，記敘文尋找概括情節(jié)和中心的動詞或反映人物特點的形容詞)。抓住文章主線和關(guān)鍵詞語，歸納文章中心。要注意不是所有的段落都有主題句，有時主題句暗含在句中。猜詞題：構(gòu)詞法（前綴后綴、派生詞、合成詞）、同義詞近義詞（and或者or）、反義詞、上下文語境、定義和解釋(定語從句、破折號）、例子證明（forexample/suchas/like）、詞義搭配、語義轉(zhuǎn)折(but/hoever/while/though/instead）、經(jīng)驗和常識推斷題：一般有推斷隱含意義、推斷作者的觀點或態(tài)度、推斷寫作的目的、推斷文章的出處等類型，需要讀者推出文章所在話的言外之意。直接抄原文信息的選項為錯誤選項，要立足原文，不能無中生有。需要推得近的，不找推得遠(yuǎn)的選項。細(xì)節(jié)理解題：這類題在考試中所占題量和分值比例比較高，基本四篇文章都會考到這類題型。需要讀者進(jìn)行仔細(xì)的信息對比和排除，從而選出正確選項?！纠}精講】【2021-2022學(xué)年高一第一學(xué)期江蘇省鎮(zhèn)江市期末英語試題】閱讀理解AWhat'sthebestbooktoreadwhenyoutravel？Ofcourse，itisthebookwiththebackgroundofthestory.Bookswillbringyouclosertotheplacesyouvisit.Whenitestothenamesofplacesandscenicspots，youcan'thelpthinkingoutofyourmindandthesceneryinfrontofyouwillbeeromantic.Where'dYouGo，BernadetteMariaSemple'snovel，whichhasrecentlybeenadaptedintoamovie，istoldinemails，andstories，itfollowsBeeBranchtryingtotrackdownhermother.SetinSeattle，Washington，thisfunnyyetheart-breakingnovelisagreatpanionasyouvisitlandmarksmentionedinthebook.Midnight'sChildrenMidnight'sChildrenisafantasticalnovelthattellssomeofthehistoriesofIndia.SalmanRushdie'sstorybeginsatmidnight，onthenight，ofIndia's，independence，whenthe1，001childrenbornthathourarefoundtopossessmagicalpowers.Featuringmagicalrealism，thebookissetduring20th-centuryIndia.AWildChild'sGuidetoEndangeredAnimalsFromNewYorkTimesbestsellingauthorMillie-Marottaesthisgreatcelebrationoftheanimalkingdom：Stressingthedifficultyof：43endangeredspeciesfromaround：theworld，thebooktakesreadersonatripthroughfreshwater，oceans，forests，mountains，deserts，grasslands：andwetlandswhilelearningaboutrareandwell-known.animalsandtheirlivingplaces.MyNameisRedThebook，writtenbytheNobelPrizewinnerforLiteratureOrhanPamuk，hasbeentranslatedintomorethan50languagesandpublishedaroundtheworld.Ittellsastoryofayoungman，whohasbeenawayfromhomefor12years，ingbacktohishometowninIstanbul.Thebook，paintingdetailedpicturesandtellingfrommanyangles，encouragespeopletohaveadeeperthinkingoflife.Whichbooksuitspeopleinterestedinexploringnature？______Where'dYouGo，Bernadette.B.Midnight'sChildren.C.AWildChild'sGuidetoEndangeredAnimals.D.MyNameisRed.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext？______MyNameisRedisabout20th-centuryIndia.AWildChild'sGuidetoEndangeredAnimalssellsbest.Where'dYouGo，Bernadettewaswritteninaseriousstyle.D.Midnight'sChildrenmayattractpeopleinterestedinfantasy.（3）Whatisthepurposeofthetext？______A.Toparefourbooks.B.Toremendfourbooks.C.Toshowthemeaningoftravel.D.toencouragepeopletotravel.【答案】1-3CDB【解析】C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AWildChild'sGuidetoEndangeredAnimals部分中的"Stressingthedifficultyof43endangeredspeciesfromaroundtheworld，thebooktakesreadersonatripthroughfreshwater，oceans，forests，mountains，deserts，grasslandsandwetlandswhilelearningaboutrareandwell-knownanimalsandtheirlivingplaces."可知，AWildChild'sGuidetoEndangeredAnimals適合對探索自然感興趣的人。故選C。（2）D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Midnight'sChildren部分中的"Midnight'sChildrenisafantasticalnovelthattellssomeofthehistoriesofIndia."可知，Midnight'sChildren是一部幻想小說。由此可知，Midnight'sChildren能吸引那些對幻像作品感興趣的人。故選D。（3）B.目的意圖題。根據(jù)第一段"What'sthebestbooktoreadwhenyoutravel？Ofcourse，itisthebookwiththebackgroundofthestory.Bookswillbringyouclosertotheplacesyouvisit.Whenitestothenamesofplacesandscenicspots，youcan'thelpthinkingoutofyourmindandthesceneryinfrontofyouwillbeeromantic."可知，文章主要向讀者推薦了旅游時適合讀的幾本書，所以文章的目的是向讀者推薦這四本書。故選B。BIn17th-centuryEurope,itwasunheardofforawomantotravelbyherself,butthatdidn’tstopMariaSibyllaMerian.In1699,sheandher21-year-olddaughterDorotheasailedfromAmsterdamtoSurinaminSouthAmerica.Thethree-monthvoyagewasdangerousbutshewasdeterminedtogo.Shewouldbethefirstpersontogotoaforeigncountrytostudyandpaintinsectsdirectlyfromnature.WhentheyarrivedinSurinam,MariaandDorotheastartedworking.Dayafterday,theytooktheirpaintingmaterialsintothehotrainforesttocollectanddrawinsectsandplants.Artistshadneverdonesuchathingbefore.Stilllifepaintersdrewfromdeadspecimens(標(biāo)本).ButMerianhadalwaysbeeninterestedinpaintinglivinganimalsandplants,andherfavouritesubjectswereinsects.Intherainforest,sheclimbedladderstostudyandcollectinsects.Shehadtreescutdownsoshecouldseewhatlivedatthetopleveloftheforestmorethanahundredfeetoverhead.Merianbinedbothartandscienceinherwork.Askilledobserver,shekeptdetailednotes.MerianplannedtostayinSurinamforfiveyears,paintingandcollectinginsectsandplantsthatEuropeanshadneverseen.Shelearntaboutthemedicinalplantsoftheareaandexpandedherinteresttospiders,birdsandsnakes.SheplannedtopublishabookofhernewworkonherreturmtoAmsterdam.Aftertwoyears,shehadtoleaveSurinam.Itwasextremelyhot,andunluckilyshewasillwithmalaria.Butshehadmorethanenoughmaterialforabook.InJune1701,MariaandDorotheasailedbacktoAmsterdamwithmanypaintingsandspecimens-buttrflieskeptinbrandy,bottleswithsnakes,andboxesofpressedinsects.Fouryearslater,in1705,Merianpublishedthebookforwhichsheisbestknown,MetamorphosisoftheInsectsofSurinam.Thepaintingsofinsectsandplantsintheirnaturalhabitatsadvancedthescientificstudyofinsects.【小題1】WhydidMerianmakeuphermindtogotoSurinam?A．Topaintlivingcreatures.B．Todrawdeadspecies.C．Tostudystilllifes.D．Toexperienceadventuretrips.【小題2】WhatcanweknowaboutMerianaccordingtothetext?A．ShestayedinSurinamfor5yearsasplanned.B．Herworkswereamixtureofartandscience.C．ShereturnedtoAmsterdamafterhernewbookcameout.D．ShewasdevotedtopaintingwhatAmericanshadnointerestin.【小題3】WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMerianasapainter?A．Outgoing.B．Traditional.C．Warm-hearted.D．Pioneering.【小題4】Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A．Adevotedpainter.B．LifeinSurinam.C．Aninsectresearch.D．Lovefornature.【答案】1-4ABDAC“Nearly2.5billionpeopleworldwidewillbelivingwithsomedegreeofhearinglossby2050.Atleast700millionpeoplewillrequireaccesstoearandhearingcareandotherrehabilitation(康復(fù))servicesunlessactionistaken.Untreatedhearinglosscanhaveadestructiveimpactonpeople’sabilitytomunicate,tostudyandtoearnaliving.Itcanalsoimpactonpeople’smentalhealthandtheirabilitytomaintainrelationships,”saidDrTedros,WHODirector-General.Thereport,launchedaheadofWorldHearingDayon3March,stressestheneedtorapidlystepupeffortstopreventandsolvehearinglossbyinvesting(投資)andexpandingaccesstoearandhearingcareservices.Investmentinearandhearingcarehasbeenshowntobeworthit.Lackoftrueinformationabouteardiseasesandhearinglossoftenlimitpeoplefromaccessingcarefortheseconditions.Evenamonghealth-careproviders,there’softenalackofknowledgeaboutprevention,earlyidentificationandmanagementofhearinglossandeardiseases,preventingtheirabilitytoprovidethecarerequired.Inchildren,almost60%ofhearinglosscanbepreventedthroughmeasuressuchasimmunization(免疫)forpreventionandearlymanagement.Inadults,noisecontrol,safelisteningtogetherwithgoodearhealthcanhelpmaintaingoodhearingandreducethepotentialforhearingloss.Identificationisthefirststepindealingwithhearingloss.Clinicalscreeningatstrategicpointsinlifeensurethatanylossofhearingandeardiseasescanbeidentifiedasearlyaspossible.Oncechecked,earlypreventioniskey.Medicalandsurgicaltreatmentcancuremosteardiseases,potentiallyreversing(逆轉(zhuǎn))theassociatedhearingloss.However,wherehearinglossisirreversible,rehabilitationcanensurethatthoseaffectedavoidthenegativeeffectsofhearingloss.【小題1】WhatcanwelearnfromDrTedros’words?A．Hearinglossonlyinfluencespeople’sphysicalhealth.B．Nearly2.5billionpeoplearesufferingfromhearingloss.C．Untreatedhearinglosscanaffectpeople’sdailylifeseriously.D．Nearly700millionpeoplecanhaveaccesstohearingcarenow.【小題2】Whydopeoplewithhearinglossfailtoaccesscare?A．Doctorsknownothingaboutprevention.B．Nomoneyhasbeeninvestedinhearingcareservices.C．Peoplelacktrueinformationabouteardiseasesandhearingloss.D．Hearinglossandeardiseasesareneveridentifiedandmanagedearly.【小題3】Whatcanweknowfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A．Rehabilitationcanreversehearingloss.B．Mosthearinglossinchildrencanbecured.C．Itisimportanttopreventhearinglossandeardiseasesearly.D．Feweardiseasescanbecuredbymedicalandsurgicaltreatment.【小題4】What’sthebesttitleofthetext?A．WHOinvestsmoreinhearingloss.B．HearinglosspreventioncountsC．EarprotectionneverendsD．Childrensufferhearingloss【答案】1-4CCCBDAviation(航空業(yè))isamajorcontributortoclimatechange,andalsooneofthehardestplacestogiveupusingfossilfuels(礦石燃料).Newresearchsuggestswecouldreducethecarbonfootprintofjetfuelby165percentbymakingitoutoffoodleftovers.Scientistshaveshownthatmakingjetfuelfromfoodwastecouldgreatlyreduceemissions(排放).Inarecentpaper,theyshowthattheirfuelmeetsaviationstandards(標(biāo)準(zhǔn)),andthey’vepartneredwithSouthwestAirlinestospeedupandstartflighttrialsby2023.Wetwastelikefoodleftoversareenergy-rich,andpreviousresearchhasshownthattheycouldbeturnedintovolatilefattyacids(VFAs)andthenbemadeintojetfuel.Butdoingsoinawaythatwouldmeetstrictaviationstandardswasanunsolvedproblem.ThenewwaydesignedbytheresearchersaddsextracarbontoVFA,turningthemintoparaffin(石蠟)thatisexactlythesameasthatfoundinstandardjetfuel.Amixtureof10percentbio-paraffinand90percenttraditionaljetfuelmetaviationstandards,andtheteamsaysit’slikelytogetofficialrecognitionsoon.Itwasshownthatthenewbio-paraffinhadthepotentialtoreducegreenhousegasemissionsby165percentparedtostandardjetfuel,whichisfarhigherthanthe50to70percentreductionsachievedbypreviousbio-jetfuels.Mostoftheemissionsreductioncamefromtakingwetwasteawayfromlandfills(垃圾填埋場)whereitbreaksdownintoapowerfulgreenhousegas.Therearelimitsonhowmuchofanimpactthenewfuelcouldhave,though.ThetotalenergycontentofallthewetwasteintheUSstillonlyaccountsforabout20percentoftheamountofjetfuel.However,findingawaytomakesociety’sleftoversintosomethingasvaluableasjetfuelwhilesignificantlyslashingitsenvironmentalimpactisamajorbreakthrough.Thepartnershipswithmajorairlinessuggestyesterday’sdinnermaysoonbeflyingyouacrossthecountry.【小題1】Whatcanbeinferredfromthefirstthreeparagraphs?A．Aviationisthehardestplacetogiveupusingfossilfuels.B．Makingjetfueloutoffoodleftoverswillworsenpollution.C．Energy-richfoodleftoverscanbeturnedintojetfueldirectly.D．Scientistsdidn’tknowthewaythatwouldmeetstrictaviationstandards.【小題2】Whycanthenewbio-paraffinreducegreenhousegasemissionsgreatly?A．ItismadebyaddingextracarbontoVFA.B．Paraffinfoundinstandardjetfuelisexactlythesameasit.C．Ithasmetaviationstandardsandhasbeenofficiallyrecognized.D．Wetwasteistakenawayfromlandfillswhereitchangesintogreenhousegas.【小題3】Whatdoestheunderlinedword“slashing”meaninthelastparagraph?A．Stopping.B．Reducing.C．Destroying.D．Balancing.【小題4】Whatistheauthor’sattitudetomakingjetfueloutoffoodwaste?A．Supportive.B．Negative.C．Doubtful.D．Unclear.【答案】1-4DDBA【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一種將垃圾變?yōu)槟茉丛诤娇蘸教祛I(lǐng)域再利用的技術(shù)，可以減輕對環(huán)境的影響，減少碳排放量，是一項重大突破。【小題1】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Butdoingsoinawaythatwouldmeetstrictaviationstandardswasanunsolvedproblem.(但是，以一種符合嚴(yán)格航空標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的方式來做到這一點，是一個尚未解決的問題。)”可推斷，科學(xué)家不知道怎樣才能達(dá)到嚴(yán)格的航空標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。故選D。【小題2】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Mostoftheemissionsreductioncamefromtakingwetwasteawayfromlandfills(垃圾填埋場)whereitbreaksdownintoapowerfulgreenhousegas.(大部分減排來自于將濕垃圾從垃圾填埋場移走，在那里，濕垃圾分解成一種強(qiáng)大的溫室氣體。)”可知，新型生物石蠟?zāi)艽蟠鬁p少溫室氣體排放，是因為濕垃圾從垃圾填埋場被帶走，在那里它變成了溫室氣體。故選D。【小題3】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)文章最后一段首句“Therearelimitsonhowmuchofanimpactthenewfuelcouldhavethough.(不過，這種新燃料能產(chǎn)生多大的影響是有限制的。)”和劃線詞前半句“However,findingawaytomakesociety’sleftoversintosomethingasvaluableasjetfuel(然而，找到一種方法，使社會的剩余物變成像航空燃料一樣有價值的東西)”可知，使社會的剩余物變成像航空燃料會顯著降低其對環(huán)境的影響。所以slashing為“減少，降低”之意。故選B。【小題4】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“However,findingawaytomakesociety’sleftoversintosomethingasvaluableasjetfuelwhilesignificantlyslashingitsenvironmentalimpactisamajorbreakthrough.(然而，找到一種方法，使社會的剩余物變成像航空燃料一樣有價值的東西，同時顯著降低其對環(huán)境的影響，是一個重大的突破。)”及全文可知，文章用大量篇幅介紹這種“變廢為寶”的能源再生方式的碳排放量顯著減少，介紹它對環(huán)境的影響小，說這是一項重大突破，所以作者對于這種技術(shù)的態(tài)度無疑是支持的。故選A?！狙a(bǔ)充習(xí)題】閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選岀最佳選項。Anewstudyhasfoundthatride-sharingservicesresultinmuchmorepollutionthanotherkindsofprivateandpublictransportation.Ride-sharingtripsalsodrawpassengersawayfrommoreenvironmentfriendlymethodsoftravel,likepublictransportation,walkingorbiking,thestudyfound.Severalstudiesinrecentyearshavesuggestedthatride-sharingserviceslikeUberandLyftcanworsentrafficproblemsincities.Thenewstudyrepresentsanattempttocenteronhowride-sharingservicesaffectpollution.Overall,theresearchersreportedthatride-sharingtripsnow"resultina69percentmoreclimatepollutiononaveragethanthetripstheyreplace."Thestudynotesthatthesamepassengerscouldhavechosentotravelbybus,train,bikeoronfoot.Oneofthebigreasonstheygiveforthisresultisthatride-sharingvehiclesareoftendrivenwithnopassengersinthecar.Thishappenswhendriversareeitherwaitingforriderrequests,areonthewaytopickuppassengers.Thissituation,knownas"deadheading,"takesupabout42percentofallride-sharingdrivingactivity,thestudyfound.Theresearcherssaidthatdeadheadingresultsinabout50percentmorecarbondioxidethanonepersondrivinginaprivatevehicle.BothUberandLyfthavesaidinthepastthatmoststudiesonthesubjectoverstate(夸大）theeffectsoftheirservicesonpollution.UbertoldReutersnewsagencyinastatementithadnomentonthelatestreportandthatthestudymademisleadingclaimsaboutride-sharing.Meanwhile,thepanysaiditwouldworkdirectlywithcitiestoaddressclimatechanges,promotingsharingtripsandothermeansoftransportation.8．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．Ride-sharingbeesanewtrendthatcan’tbeavoided.B．Ride-sharingindustryismetwithcriticism.C．Ride-sharingservicesincreasepollution.D．Ride-sharingservicesneedimprovement.9．Theterm“deadheading”inthepassagerefersto________.A．a(chǎn)drivingprocesswherethedriverisnotcarryingpassengersB．a(chǎn)potentialriskthatthedrivermaylosecontrolofthevehicleC．a(chǎn)periodofdrivinghourswhenvehiclesproducemorecarbondioxideD．a(chǎn)situationinwhichadriverhastoomanypassengerstopickup10．IntheeyesofUber,thelatestreportisactually________.A．barkingupthewrongtree B．notseekingthetruthfromfactsC．killingtwobirdswithonestone D．beatingaroundthebush11．Fromthestudyofride-sharingservices,wecaninferthat________.A．Ride-sharingattractsexactlythesamenumberofpeopleastraditionalmeansoftransport.B．thestudywasconductedtoprovetheinfluenceofride-sharingservicesonmoderncitiesC．ride-sharingserviceisnotanenvironmentallyfriendlywaytotravelD．thenewreporthasforcedUbertomakebigchangestoachieveitsgoal【答案】CABC【解析】這是一篇議論文。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，共享汽車的使用反而增加了污染。TheaverageAmericanfamilywillspendsomewherearound$637onback-to-schoolsuppliesforeachelementaryschoolchildthisyearandtwicethatforahighschoolstudent.Addtothatthefactthatbothchildrenandparentsfeelanxiousaboutthetransition(過渡)ofgoingbacktoschoolattheendofsummer.Forthis,JermaineSmithofClevelandandfourotherbarbersdecidedtocuthairforabout40kidsandteensforfreelastSaturday.Infact,Smithhasbeengivingbacktothemunityinotherwayslongbeforethisweekend.Hecutshairbyday,butintheevenings,afterbringinghisdaughterhomefromschool,hegoestoworkasapoliceofficer.“AlotofparentsbringtheirkidstomeforhaircutsbecauseI’mapoliceofficer.TheytrustmebecausetheythinkthatIteachkidstodotherightthingsinthebarbershop.Ialwaystellyoungmenthattheyalwaysgettostayneatandattractive,andpeopletendtotreatthemwithrespect,”Smithsays.“Whenyougetyourhaircut,youlookgoodandfeelgood.”Maybeaservicethatwouldonlycost$15regularlyseemslikejustadropinthebucket,butchildandteenpsychologistDr.BarbaraGreenbergseesthisasmorethanjustaone-timefreeservice.Otherfreehaircutandschoolsupplyeventshaveappearedunexpectedlyallacrossthecountrythismonth,asorganizershaverecognizedhowmuchparentscanusethisextrahelp.Greenbergsays,“Oneofthewaystomakeatransitioneasieristomakeitfunandintroducesomethingneworunusual,sothewholeideaofgettingahaircutmakeskidsfeelspecialandimportant.”ThehaircutswerejustpartoftheStartSchoolontheRightFootevent,whichalsohandedoutabout50backpacksfullofschoolsupplies.12．WhydidJermaineSmithandotherbarberscuthairforkids?A．Toimprovethemunityservice.B．Topreparechildrenforthepetition.C．Tohelpchildrenandparentsreduceanxiety.D．Toprovideback-to-schoolsuppliesforchildren.13．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeJermaineSmith?A．Honestandgenerous. B．Creativeandfriendly.C．Gratefulandthoughtful. D．Reliableandresponsible.14．WhatdoesJermaineSmithwantyoungpeopletodo?A．Formahealthylifestyle. B．Treatpeoplewithrespect.C．Getalongwellwithothers. D．Leaveagoodimpressiononpeople.15．WhatisDr.BarbaraGreenberggladtosee?A．Moreparentsarewillingtoworktogether.B．Morepeopletakeactiontohelpkidsinschool.C．Peopleamusethelittlekidsinschoolregularly.D．Peopletrytomakekidsfeelspecialandimportant.【答案】CDDB【解析】這是一篇新聞報道。孩子和父母都對要開始新的過度感到焦慮，有理發(fā)師為這里孩子提供青少年免費理發(fā)的服務(wù)，幫助他們降低焦慮，同時也帶動了其他社會人士。Everyoneenjoystakingphotographstocapture（捕捉）memorablemomentsandperhapsexpressalittlecreativity.Sometimesonesimpleadjustment（調(diào)整）ortwocangreatlyimprovetheshot,bringingmorepleasuretothefinishedphotograph.Attentiontoafewdetailscanmakeallthedifferenceinimprovingyourpictures.Whentakingaphotographofofficeworkers,youshouldhavethemallstandaroundthecoffeemachineasiftheywerechatting,orhavethemactasiftheywereworkingandthenphotographthemwithyourcamera.Themorenaturalthebackgroundis,thebetterthephotographwilllookintheend.Tryyourbesttokeepthethingssuchasflowers,treesandthelikeinnatureinbalanceifyouareawareoftheitemsyouwishtoincludeinyourphotograph.Keepinmindyourfinalproductandhowyouwouldlikeittoappear.Lightingissomethingyoumustpaymoreattentionto.Evenifyoutakephotographswiththesimplestcameraequipment,theamountanddirectionoflightmakeallthedifferencebetweenagreatphotoandaterribleone.Althoughmostphotographersbelievethatalotofbrightlightingisnecessaryforagoodphotograph,mostcamerastakebetterphotographswithindirectlighting.Ifthereisnotenoughlight,youcancoveryourHashwithalightwhilecloth,whichwillallowsomeofthelighttopassthrough.Thekeytotakingbetterphotographsisbeingbravetoexperiment,allowingyourselftobealittlebitcreative,andknowingwhatyourcameracando1.Anofficephotographwilllookbetteronconditionthat.A.youcreateanaturalbackgroundB.youputsomeflowersintheofficeC.theofficeworkersstandupworkingD.theofficeworkersfocusonyourcamera2.Youcancoveryourflashwithalightwhiteclothwhen.A.youneedalotofbrightlighting B.youneedsomeindirectlightingC.thedirectionoflightisnotperfect D.thereisnolackofnaturallight3.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Enjoyingmemorablemoments. B.Betteringphotographingskills.C.Expressingcreativityindailylife. D.Selectingbettercameraequipment.【答案】1.A2.B3.BAbuildingseeminglybuiltoutof21blocksofLEGOswillgreetthoseonflightslandinginBillund,Denmark.ThenewlybuiltLEGOHousenowsharesthecitywithLEGOLAND.Butlikethethemepark,theLEGOHouseoffersthemunitymorepublicspacesandahands-onwayofmunicatingwithoneoftheworld'smostfavoritetoys.TheLEGOHouseisbothaplayhouseandadisplayofexcellentpiecesofLEGOartwork.TheMasterpieceGalleryshowsthefan-madeartoftheplasticbricks,includingimpressive（印象深刻的）modelsofmanyreal-lifeobjects.TheHistoryCollectiondescribestheriseoftheLEGOGroup.Buttheguestswon'tbestuckadmiringsculptures（雕刻作品）,andtheygettobuildtheirownpiecesbrickbybricktoo.Therearefourplayareasinsidethebuildingwhichareindifferentcolors.Eachstandsforimportantdevelopmentalskillsinchildren.Redisforcreativity;blueisforcognitive（認(rèn)知）skills;greenisforsocialskills;yellowforemotions（情緒）.Theseareas,aswellasthegalleryandhistorycollection,requiregueststoprebooka$31ticket.Insteadofbeingjustatouristattraction,theLEGOGroupwantstheplacetobeeasortofmeetingplaceforthepany'shometown.OtherareasintheLEGOHousearefreetoenter.Theseincludethe2,000-square-meterLEGOSquare,outdoorplayareas,theLEGOstore,andthreerestaurants.InoneoftheLEGOHouse'srestaurants,visitorsorderfoodbyputtingblockstogetherandscanningthem.Whilerealhumansdothecooking,coolLEGOrobotsdeliverthefoodtothecrowdandanswerquestions.ThirdgenerationowneroftheLEGOGrouphasthistosay:"Whenchildrenplay,theylearnthebasicskillsthattheyneed,suchascreativity,collaboration（合作）andproblem-solvingabilities."4.WhatistheLEGOHouselike?A.Ithasthesamefunctionasthethemepark.B.Itisactuallybuiltoutof21blocksofLEGOs.C.Itcanbedescribedasaplayhouseandanartgallery.D.Itwillbeaplacewherelocalsgreetguestsflyingthere.5.Besidesappreciatingimpressiveartwork,whatelsecanguestsdo?A.Searchforreal-lifeobjects.B.Displaythefan-madeartwork.C.DescribetheriseoftheLEGOGroup.D.Buildtheirownartworkwithbricks.6.Whyarethefourplayareasindifferentcolors?A.Theystandfordifferentticketprices.B.Theystandfordifferentagegroups.C.Theystandfordifferentskillsthatchildrenneed.D.Theystandforchildrenfromdifferentcountries.7.WhatcanguestsdotogettheirmealsintheLEGOrestaurants?A.Cookmealsbythemselves.B.Orderfoodbyscanningblocks.C.GetLEGOrobotstoorderfood.D.Cooperatewithothervisitors.【答案】4.C5.D6.C7.BBeingparedtogreatpeoplelikeStephenHawkingandAlbertEinsteinisnotsomethingthathappenstotheaverageperson.Attheageofjust23,SabrinaGonzalezPasterskihasalreadyachievedmuchmoregoalsthanmostofuseverwillinourlifetime.Whenshewasonly14yearsold,theChicagogirlmadeherownsingleengineairplane—byherself.ShethenflewitacrossLakeMichigan,beingtheyoungestpersontoeverflytheirownplane.ShegraduatedfromIllinoisMathematicsandScienceAcademy(IMSA)in2010andenteredMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT).Atfirst,shehadtowaittobeacceptedintotheschool,butonceProfessorsAllenHaggertyandEarllMurmanwatchedhervideotheyhadnodoubt.FemalistaquotedHaggertyassaying:AfterjustthreeyearsatMITshehasalreadyachievedthehighestpossiblegradepointaverageof5.0.SheisnowstudyingfurtheratHarvardUniversity,withfullacademicfreedom.Onceagainsheisonly23yearsold.What'sevenmoreimpressiveisthatsheisnolongerinterestedinbuildingplanesbuthasturnedherattentiontophysics,namelyblackholesandhowgravity(重力)affectsspaceandtime—thatiswhysheisbeingparedtoEinsteinandHawking.PasterskirecordsallofherworkonherwebsitePhysicsGirl,butifyouarealittleshockedbyherachievements,shehassomewordsforyou.DuringaninterviewwithMarieClaireearlierthisyearshesaid:Beingoptimisticaboutwhatyoubelieveyoucando.Whenyou'relittle,yousayalotofthingsaboutwhatyou'lldoorbewhenyou'reolder—Ithinkit'simportantnottoforgetthosedreams."8.WhydoestheauthormentionEinsteinandHawkingatthebeginning?A.Tohonourthetwoscientists.B.Toparethetwoscientist.C.Tobringoutthekeycharacter.D.Tointroducetheirachievements.9.WhatmightbetherightorderoftheeventsaboutPasterski?a.StudyatHarvardUniversity.b.WaittobeacceptedbyMIT.c.Achievegradepointaverageof5.0.d.GraduatefromIMSAin2010.e.Makeasingleengineairplanebyherself.A.edcba. B.edbca.C.decab. D.deacb.10.WhatisevenmoreimpressiveaboutPasterski?A.ShehasfullacademicfreedomatHarvard.B.Sherecordsallofherworkonherwebsite.C.Shebeestheyoungestpersontoflyaplane.D.Sheisinterestedinsomespecialfieldsofphysics.11.AccordingtoPasterski，whicharetheimportantqualitiesthatpeopleneedtosucceed?A.Independenceandconcentration. B.Concentrationandoptimism.C.Optimismanddetermination. D.Friendlinessanddetermination.【答案】8.C9.B10.D11.CClimatechange,nothumanhunting,mayhavedestroyedthethylacine（袋狼），accordingtoanewstudybasedonDNAfromthylacinebones.Themeat-eatingmarsupials（有袋動物）diedoutonmainlandAustraliaafewthousandyearsago,butsurvivedinTasmania,anislandofsoutheastAustraliaseparatedfromthemainland,untilthe1930s.Untilnow,scientistshavebelievedthecauseofthismainlandextinction（滅絕）wasincreasedactivityfromnativeAustraliansanddingoes（Australianwilddogs）.ScientistsbehindtheUniversityofAdelaidestudy,whichwaspublishedintheJournalofBiogeographyonThursday,collected51newthylacineDNAsamplesfromfossil（化石）bonesandmuseumskins.Thepaperconcludedthatclimatechangestartingabout4,000yearsag