非謂語動詞及經(jīng)典例題匯編

英語語法整理：非謂語動詞時間：PAGEPAGE4非謂語動詞一、非謂語動詞種類及句法功能（一）概述：在英語中，不作句子謂語，而具有除謂語外其他語法功能的動詞，叫做非謂語動詞。非謂語動詞有動詞不定式（theInfinitive）；動名詞（theGerund）；現(xiàn)在分詞（thePresentParticiple）；過去分詞（thePastParticiple）。非謂語動詞與謂語動詞的不同點(diǎn)有：1）非謂語動詞可以有名詞作用（如動詞不定式和動名詞），在句中做主語、賓語、表語。2）非謂語動詞可以有形容詞作用（如動詞不定式和分詞），在句中做定語、表語或賓語補(bǔ)足語。3）非謂語動詞可以有副詞作用（如動詞不定式和分詞），在句中作狀語。（二）非謂語動詞的句法功能：類別語

法

功

能主語賓語賓語補(bǔ)足語表語定語狀語不定式√√√√√√動名詞√√

√√

現(xiàn)在分詞

√√√√過去分詞

√√√√二、非謂語動詞用法：1、不定式的形式： 主動被動一般式towritetobewritten進(jìn)行式tobewriting/完成式tohavewrittentohavebeenwritten1）一般式：不定式的一般式所表示的動作與謂語動詞動作同時發(fā)生或發(fā)生在謂語動詞動作之后，例如：I’mgladtomeetyou./Heseemstoknowalot./Weplantopayavisit./Hewantstobeanartist.2）進(jìn)行式：不定式的進(jìn)行式所表示的動作與謂語動詞動作同時發(fā)生，例如：Theboypretended________________________________./Heseemstobereadinginhisroom.3）完成式：不定式的完成式表示的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞動作之前，例如：Iregrettedtohavetoldalie./Ihappenedtohaveseenthefilm./Heispleasedtohavemethisfriend.句法功能用法例句作主語常用形式主語it代替，而將不定式置于句尾Itseemedselfishofhimnottogivethemanything.他不給他們?nèi)魏螙|西，這好像太自私了。作賓語作動詞的賓語Hehasdeterminedtosettledowninthecountryside.他決定到鄉(xiāng)村去安家落戶了。“疑問詞+不定式”可作介詞的賓語Wearetalkingabouthowtoovercomethepresentdifficulties.我們正在討論如何克服當(dāng)前的困難。作表語表示主語的具體內(nèi)容、目的等，有將來時間的意義Hisdreamistobealawyer.他的夢想是成為一名律師。作定語置于被修飾詞的后面，表示要做的動作Atlasthehadachancetogoabroad.他終于有了一個出國的機(jī)會。作狀語表示原因、目的、結(jié)果、評論等Sheburstintolaughtertoseehisfunnyaction.看到他滑稽的動作，她大笑起來。Heshoutedandwavedtobenoticed.他邊喊邊揮手，以便引起別人的注意。Hewokeuptofindeverybodygone.他醒了過來，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)大家都走了。Tobehonest,Idon’tlikewesternfood.說實(shí)話，我不喜歡西餐。作補(bǔ)足語大多數(shù)動詞后的補(bǔ)足語用帶to的不定式Weallexpectedhimtowinthecontest.我們都期望他能在競賽中獲勝。使役動詞、感官動詞等后的補(bǔ)足語用不帶to的不定式Henoticedayoungmanentertheoffice.他注意到一個年輕男人進(jìn)了辦公室。2、動名詞的形式：主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)一般式doingbeingdone完成式havingdonehavingbeendone否定式：not+動名詞1）一般式：Seeingisbelieving.眼見為實(shí)。2）被動式：Hecametothepartywithout________________________.他未被邀請就來到了晚會。3）完成式：Werememberedhavingseenthefilm.我們記得看過這部電影。4）完成被動式：HeforgothavingbeentakentoGuangzhouwhenhewasfiveyearsold.他忘記五歲時曾被帶到廣州去過。5）否定式：not+動名詞Iregretnotfollowinghisadvice.我后悔沒聽他的勸告。6）復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)：物主代詞（或名詞所有格）+動名詞Hesuggestedourtryingitonceagain.HisnotknowingEnglishtroubledhimalot.句法功能用法例句4.______toworkovertimethatevening,Imissedawonderfulfilm.A.HavingbeenaskedB.ToaskC.HavingaskedD.Tobeasked5.Thismachineisveryeasy.Anybodycanlearntouseitinafewminutes.A.operatingB.tobeoperatingC.operatedD.tooperate6.Ilookedupandnoticedasnake______itswayupthetreetocatchitsbreakfast.A.towindB.windC.windingD.wound7.Beforedrivingintothecity,youarerequiredtogetyourcar____.A.washedB.washC.washingD.towash高666考%%8.Imake$2,000aweek,60surelywon’tmake______differencetome.A.thatabigB.athatbigC.bigathatD.thatbiga9.________inalongqueue,wewaitedforthestoretoopentobuyaNewiPad. A.Standing B.Tostand C. Stood D.Stand10.Ifhetakesonthiswork,hewillhavenochoicebut______anevengreaterchallenge.A.meetsB.meetingC.meetD.tomeet11.Onelearnsalanguagebymakingmistakesand______them.A.corrects B.correct C.tocorrect D.correcting12._______withcare,onetinwilllastforsixweeks.A.Use B.Using C.Used D.Touse13.Theoldmansatinfrontofthetelevisioneveryevening,happy_____anythingthathappenedtobeon.A.towatchB.watchingC.watchedD.tohavewatched14.Tonylentmethemoney,______thatI’ddoasmuchforhim.A.hopingB.tohopeC.hopedD.havinghoped15.Birds’singingissometimesawarningtootherbirds________away.A.tostayB.stayingC.stayedD.stay16.Hegotuplateandhurriedtohisoffice,_________thebreakfastuntouched. A.left B.toleave C.leaving D.havingleft17.Filmhasamuchshorterhistory,especiallywhen_suchartformsasmusicandpainting.A.havingcomparedtoB.comparingtoC.comparetoD.comparedto18.Thepartywillbeheldinthegarden,weather.A.permittingB.topermitC.permittedD.permit19.Aftercompletingandsigningit,pleasereturntheformtousintheenvelope________.

A.providing B.provided C.havingprovided D.provide20.Georgereturnedafterthewar,only_______thathiswifehadlefthim.

A.tobetold B.telling C.beingtold D.told21. 一Haveyoufiguredouthowmuchthetripwillcost?—$4,000,orlikethat.A.anythingB.everythingC.somethingD.nothing22.ChinarecentlytighteneditswaterscontrolsneartheHuangyanIslandtopreventChinesefishingboatsfrom intheSouthChinaSea.A.attackingB.havingattackedC.beingattackedD.havingbeenattacked23.Pressedfromhisparents,and______thathehaswastedtoomuchtime,theboyisdeterminedtostopplayingvideogames.A.realizing B.realizedC.torealizeD.beingrealized24. "It'sasuchniceplace,"Mothersaidasshesatatthetable________forcustoms.A.tobereservedB.LivingreservedC.reserving D.reserved25.IthinkTom,astheheadofabigdepartment,shouldcitherstudyregularlyor______ hisjob.A.quits B.toquit C.quitting D.quit26.Nomatterhowbrightatalkeryouare,therearetimeswhenit'sbetter silent.A.remain B.beremaining C.havingremainedD.toremain27. animportantdecisionmoreonemotionthanonreason,youwillregretitsoonerorlater.A.Based B.Basing C.Base D.Tobase28.AsI'llbeawayforatleastayear,I'dappreciate________nowandthentellingmehoweveryoneisgettingalong.A.hearingB.tohearC.tobehearingD.havingheard29.Theteacherdidn’tfeellike______hemonthespot.A.correctB.correctingC.tocorrectD.corrected30.Withtheoldman________theway,wehadnotroublein________thatcave.A.leads,findB.leading,findingC.led,tofindD.wasleading,found31.Iremember__________forthejob,butIforgettheexactamount.A.topayB.payingC.tohavepaidD.beingpaid32.Hewasseen___________out.A.goB.togoC.wentD.goes33.Hehasn’tgotused________inthecountryside.A.liveB.toliveC.tolivingD.living34.Wedon’tallow________inthelectureroom.A.tosmokeB.smokeC.smokingD.tosmoking35.I’mlookingforwardto__________fromyousoon.A.hearB.heardC.hearingD.beingheard36.Shedoesn’tmind_________athomealonethoughshemayfeellonely.A.leaveB.beingleftC.leavingD.tobeleft37.Peoplefromallthecornerscametothecity,__________itverycrowded.A.tomakeB.andmakingC.madeD.making38.________allthetimeisthekeyto_________progressinEnglish.A.Practise,makingB.Topractise,makingC.Practise,makeD.Topractise,make39.Onlyoneofthesebooksis____________.A.worthtoreadB.worthbeingreadC.worthofreadingD.worthreading40.Theyknewherverywell.Theyhadseenher_______upfromchildhood.A.growB.grewC.wasgrowingD.togrow41.Shereachedthetopofthehillandstopped_________onabigrockbythesideofthepath.A.tohaverestedB.restingC.torestD.rest42._________areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.A.NotreceivingB.ReceivingnotC.NothavingreceivedD.Havingnotreceived43.Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,________itthepopularsportintheworld.A.makingB.makesC.madeD.tomake44.Onelearnsalanguagebymakingmistakesand__________them.A.correctB.correctingC.correctsD.tocorrect45.__________atthedoorbeforeenteringplease.A.KnockedB.ToknockC.KnockingD.Knock46.________suchheavypollutionalready,itmaynowbetoolatetocleanuptheriver.A.HavingsufferedB.SufferingC.TosufferD.