非謂語動詞作狀語

非謂語動詞作狀語非謂語動詞作狀語一、讀下列例句，體會句子表達的意義1.動詞不定式作狀語:動詞不定式通常作狀語表示原因.結(jié)果.目的.條件等。TolearnEnglishwell,hewenttoEngland.Inordertoachievetheaim,wemustlearnfromothercountries.?？膳cinorderto(為了)或soasto(以便)連用?？偨Y(jié)：1）狀語Herantothestationonlytofindthetrainhadleft.Hisfatherdied,leavinghimalotofdebts.總結(jié)：2）狀語動詞不定式和ving形式作結(jié)果狀語區(qū)別：1)動詞不定式作結(jié)果狀語通常表示意想不到的結(jié)果，常與only連用構(gòu)成onlytodosth2)動詞ing形式作結(jié)果狀語通常表示自然而然的情況或結(jié)果。Weareexcitedtohearthenews.總結(jié)：3)狀語Toturntotheleft,youcouldfindapostoffice.總結(jié)：4)狀語動詞ing形式作狀語：可表示原因.結(jié)果.條件.讓步.方式伴隨等，可轉(zhuǎn)化為相應(yīng)的狀語從句Walkingoutoftheroom,hesawtheboystillthere.=總結(jié)：1)狀語Beingill,hedidn’tgotoschoolyesterday.=總結(jié)：2)狀語Hisfatherdied,leavinghimalotofmoney.=總結(jié)：3)狀語Workinghardatyourlessons,youwillsucceed.=總結(jié)：4)狀語Knowingallthis,theymademepayforthedamage.=總結(jié)：5)狀語Helayonthegrass,staringattheskyforalongtime.=總結(jié)：6)狀語3.過去分詞ed作狀語:過去分詞做狀語可表示被動和完成的動作。表示時間、原因、條件、讓步、結(jié)果、方式等，相當于相應(yīng)的狀語從句。Seenfromthetopofthehill,thecitylookedlikeabiggarden.=總結(jié)：1)狀語Surroundedbyagroupofyoungpeople,theoldmanfelthappy.=總結(jié)：2)狀語Givenmoretime,wecoulddoitbetter.=總結(jié)：3)狀語Laughedatbymanypeople,hecontinuedhisstudy.=總結(jié)：4)狀語Supportedbyagirl,theoldmangotoffthebus.Heturnedaway,disappointed.Hewalkedupanddowntheroom,lostinthought.總結(jié)：5)狀語二、辨析總結(jié)1．不定式作狀語往往表示目的、結(jié)果、原因、條件和比較。a.表示結(jié)果、原因時，不可置于句首。e.g.Hewokeuptofindeverybodygone.MygrandmotherlivedtoseetheliberationofChina.b.在某些表示喜，恕，哀，樂等的形容詞后作原因狀語：e.g.Iamverygladtoseeyou.Iamsosorrytohearyourmotherisill.不定式的時態(tài)與語態(tài)1)不定式的一般式todo表示的動作通常與謂語動詞表示的動作同時發(fā)生或在其后發(fā)生Hewokeuptofindeverybodygone.2)不定式的完成式tohavedone表示的動作發(fā)生在謂語動作之前Iamsorrytohavegivenyousomuchtrouble.3)當不定式的邏輯主語是不定式所表示的動作的承受者時,一般要用被動語態(tài)。不定式的被動語態(tài)一般式tobedone常表示將來動作。Thepressconferenceistobeheldtomorrow.4)不定式的被動語態(tài)完成式tohavebeendone表示的動作發(fā)生在謂語動作之前Theroomseemstohavebeentidiedupalready2.動詞的-ing形式可以作狀語,在句中往往時間、結(jié)果、原因、條件、讓步、行為方式或伴隨情況等。a.不定式和-ing形式作結(jié)果狀語時的區(qū)別1.Hehurriedtothestation,onlytofindthatthetrainhadleft.2.Thestormleft,havingcausedalotofdamagetothearea.b.動詞的-ing形式作條件狀語時一般位于句首。e.gGoingstraightdowntheroad,youwillfindthedepartmentstore.=Ifyougostraightdowntheroad,youwillfindthedepartmentstore=Gostraightdowntheroad,andyouwillfindthedepartmentstoreV-ing的時態(tài)與語態(tài)1)V-ing的一般式doing表示的動作通常與謂語動詞表示的動作同時發(fā)生2.)V-ing的完成式havingdone表示的動作發(fā)生在謂語動作之前3)當V-ing的邏輯主語是V-ing所表示的動作的承受者時,V-ing要用被動語態(tài)。V-ing的被動語態(tài)一般式（beingdone）表示的動作通常與與謂語動作同時發(fā)生。V-ing的被動語態(tài)完成式（havingbeendone）表示的動作發(fā)生在謂語動作之前3.動詞的-ed形式作狀語時,在句中往往表示時間、結(jié)果、原因、條件、方式、讓步等。注意：“be+過去分詞”短語在句中出現(xiàn)時，改為非謂語動詞作狀語時，常用該動詞的過去分詞作狀語becaughtinbelostinbedressedinbeseatedbehiddenbewornoutbefacedwithbedeterminedtodo4.總結(jié)1.非謂語作狀語(主動/被動)解題關(guān)鍵：主語與所填動詞的主被動關(guān)系確定用V-ing/過去分詞/不定式的主被動動式2.非謂語作狀語(一般式/完成式)解題關(guān)鍵： a.如果和謂語動詞幾乎同時發(fā)生或緊接著發(fā)生用一般式b.如果兩個動作明顯有先后/一個動作完成后另一動作才發(fā)生，用完成式。3.要注意的問題問題一祈使句+and/or+陳述句和Todo…,+陳述句的區(qū)別_____thecornersofthehandkerchieftothepointsofthecross,andyouwillhaveanicestrongkite.A.TotieB.TyingC.TiedD.Tie問題二句子還是分詞：如果句中有連詞（and/but/or..），要用句子.____buthestillcouldnotunderstandit.A.ToldmanytimesB.HavingbeentoldmanytimesC.HehasbeentoldmanytimesD.Thoughhehadbeentoldmanytimes問題三要特別注意非謂語的邏輯主語Findinghercarstolen,_____.A.apolicemanwasaskedtohelpB.theareawassearchingthoroughlyC.itwaslookedforeverywhereD.shehurriedtoapolicemanforhelp問題四注意介詞+分詞和連詞+分詞的用法1.Onhearingthenews,shebegantocry.OnreturningtoBeijing,shecalledonmostofherfriends.非謂語動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)主動被動一般式進行式完成式一般式完成式不定式todotobedoingtohavedonetobedonetohavebeendonev-ingdoing/havingdonebeingdonehavingbeendone過去分詞done鞏固練習非謂語動詞作狀語:非謂語動詞作狀語大多相當于一個狀語從句A.作時間狀語：eg.)①_______(hear)thebadnews,theycouldn’thelpcrying.=_______________,theycouldn’thelpcrying.②When/While(__________)____(take)aroundthecity,weweredeeplyimpressedbythecity’snewlook.While/When(Iwas)_____(wander)throughthesquare,Icaughtsightofasnake-charmer.③_______(finish)hiswork,hewenthome.=_____________,hewenthome.B.作原因狀語：Eg.)①_____(bepoor),hecouldnotaffordtotravelabroad.=____________,hecouldnotaffordtotravelabroad.________(encourage)byhisheroicdeeds,theyworkedharder._______(lose)inthought,healmostranintoapost.________(frighten)bythebigforestfire,theanimalsallranaway._____(notknow)heraddress,wecouldn'tgetintouchwithher.②______(neverbe)tothecity,hesoongotlost._________(notreceive)hisletter,Idecidedtocallhimup.=_____________C.方式/伴隨狀語;Eg.)①Shewatchedthefilm,_____(weep)and___(sigh).②Theteacherstoodthere,______(surround)byalotofstudents.D.作條件狀語：Eg.)①______(give)anotherchance,Iwouldhavedonethejobfarbetter.=______________,Iwouldhavedonethejobfarbetter.②(If)_____(play)allday,youwillwasteyourvaluabletime.E.作結(jié)果狀語：(意料中的結(jié)果)Eg.)①Thehuntersfired,_____(shoot)oneofthewolves.②Thebuswasheldupbythesnowstorm,thus_____(cause)thedelay.區(qū)別:不定式表示意外的結(jié)果eg.)Hehurriedtothestation,only____(find)thetrainhadleft.F.作讓步狀語：Eg.)①Though____(rain)heavily,itclearedupverysoon.=_____________,itclearedupverysoon.②Though_____(tell)ofthedanger,hestillriskedhislifetosavetheboy.分詞作狀語時,需注意事項:A.分詞短語作狀語時,它的邏輯主語通常應(yīng)是________:____(see)fromthehill,thecityisbeautiful.___(see)fromthehill,youcanseethewholecity.鞏固性練習1.Though____ofthedanger，hestillwentskatingonthethinice.A.warningB.towarnC.warnD.warned2.____fromthispointofview，thequestionwillbeofgreatimportance.A.ConsideringB.ConsideredC.BeingconsideredD.Consider3.If____green，thedoormightlookmorebeautiful.A.paintB.paintedC.paintingD.topaint4.____withadifficultsituation，Arnolddecidedtoaskhisbossforadvice.A.TofaceB.HavingfacedC.FacedD.Facing5.，theoldmanislivingahappylife.A.TakinggoodcareB.TakengoodcareC.HavingtakengoodcareD.Takengoodcareof6.Hewassittingthere，____indeepthought.A.loseB.lostC.lossD.losing7.When____，themuseumwillbeopentothepublicnextyear.A.completedB.completingC.beingcompletedD.tobecompleted8.______moreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.A.TogiveB.HavinggivenC.GivenD.Giving9.______therailwaystation,wehadabreak,only______thetrainhadleft.A.Arrivingat;tofindB.Comingto;discoveringthatC.Onarrivingat;findingoutD.Hurryingto;tohavefoundout10.______thesepictures,Icouldn’thelpthinkingofthosedayswhenIwasinBeingand______fromthetopofathirty-storeyedbuilding,Beijinglooks