第二講讀通兩大線索貫通情節(jié)感情

第二講讀通兩大線索貫通情節(jié)感情故事類記敘文有兩條線索，一是情節(jié)(plot)發(fā)展線索，二是感情(feeling)發(fā)展線索。通常情況下，隨著情節(jié)的發(fā)展，文章的人物感情會隨之產(chǎn)生變化。所以，對情節(jié)的整體把握就離不開對人物感情發(fā)展的分析。兩條線索既相對獨立又相互交融，所以，在梳理時，可以將兩條線索互相參照，互相貫通。按照情節(jié)發(fā)展的順序，同時提取表示情感的詞匯、句型及表達，進而獲取感情的發(fā)展方向。特別關注情節(jié)發(fā)展的高潮，也是情感的最大變化。這是記敘文的核心，往往也是最大沖突的爆發(fā)點和續(xù)寫的基礎。敘事模式情節(jié)山(Plotmountain)一般情況下，在讀后續(xù)寫提供的語篇中，已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了三個部分：開始(Beginning)、上升部分(RisingAction)、高潮(Climax)。需要續(xù)寫的兩段分別對應下降部分(FallingAction)和結(jié)尾(Ending)。一般情況下，可以采用情節(jié)山(Plotmountain)的方式整理文章脈絡，闡釋文章的情節(jié)發(fā)展。如下圖：通過繪制情節(jié)山，可以梳理文章脈絡，為下一步的續(xù)寫做好準備和鋪墊。eq\a\vs4\al([典題示例])閱讀下面的材料，完成以下任務。Mariawaspracticingwithhersoccermatesinatinyschoolyard.TheywereallfromRiverEdgeRockers,asoccerteamoftheirmunity.Suddenly,theballflewintoadeepholeattheedgeoftheyard.Itwasthethirdtimethattheyhadlosttheirballthismonth.WithouttheballMariahadtowavegoodbyetohermatesandwenthome,depressed.“Onlytherewerearegulationsoccerfield！”shethought.”Thatevening,seeingherlowspirits;herfatherasked,“Whatwasthematter,dear？”“Iwasjustthinkingaboutplayinginabrand-newsoccerfield！”Mariaanswered.Herfathersmiledandsaid:“Tomorrow,aTownCouncilmeetingistobeheldtodiscussabouttheuseofthatvacant(空著的)lotnexttothepetstore:HomeforPets.Whynottakethisopportunitytoconvincethemweneedabetterfield？”Thenextday,withthepanyofherfather,Mariaandherteammateswenttothemeetinghall.OntheirarrivaltheysawCouncilwomanJillandsomecitizensalreadythere.Theytooktheirseats.AfterJillannouncedthestartofthediscussion,Mariastoodupandspokefirst.“Uptillnowthereisnosoccerfieldinourmunity,whichcertainlyaffectsourphysicalhealth.Ourteamcurrentlyhavetopracticeinatinyschoolyard,andonlywhenit'snotalreadybooked.”Mrs.Lorries,ownerofthepetstore,mented,“Icouldn'tagreemore.Kidsdoneedsuchafield.”TheRockersapplaudedexcitedlyandtheothercitizensallagreeditwouldbeawayout.“Asoccerfieldwouldbeagooduseforthatlotwithovergrownweedsandsomelargerocks,buttobuildsuchonewouldneedasmallsumofmoneyandmaybeyouevenneedtodoalltheworkonyourown.”CouncilwomanJillsmiled,“Canyoumanageit？”Thinkingforawhile,Marianoddedwithadeterminedlookonherface,“TheRockerscandoit!Wewillturnitintoasoccerfield.”Theteammatesallcheered.eq\a\vs4\al([解題技法])1．情節(jié)線索與感情線索的發(fā)展結(jié)構(gòu)(Structure)情節(jié)發(fā)展(PlotDevelopment)感情發(fā)展(FeelingDevelopment)開始(Beginning)故事的開端Paragraph1Mariaandhersoccermateswanted__a__regulation__soccer__field.Onlytherewerearegulationsoccerfield！用感嘆句表示瑪麗亞(Maria)對現(xiàn)在球場的不滿/失望和對新球場的渴望。上升部分(RisingAction)故事的發(fā)展Paragraphs2－7Maria'sfathersuggestedusing__the__vacant__lot__next__to__the__pet__store.Thenextday,CouncilwomanJill,Mrs.Lorries,owner__of__the__pet__storeandothercitizensagreedonthemeeting.Buttobuildaregulationsoccerfieldwouldneeda__small__sum__of__moneyandevenneedto__do__all__the__work__by__Maria__and__her__teammates.文章最大的沖突(conflict):寵物店旁邊的空地可以用作新球場，但是必須由瑪麗亞和她的隊員們自己籌錢并且自己動手改造。...seeingherlowspirits...說明瑪麗亞對舊球場的不滿/失望。Herfathersmiledandsaid...說明爸爸對瑪麗亞的支持和疼愛。Icouldn'tagreemore.此處應用了否定詞＋比較級＝最高級，表明勞里絲夫人對瑪麗亞的支持。Kidsdoneedsuchafield.此處應用了“do＋動詞”表示對謂語動詞的強調(diào)，表明勞里絲夫人對瑪麗亞的支持。TheRockersapplaudedexcitedly...表明了隊員們的興奮之情。Jillsmiled...表明了吉爾對瑪麗亞的支持。高潮(Climax)故事的高潮Paragraph8Mariaandherteammateswere__willing__toacceptthechallengetotransformthe__vacant__lotintoaregulationsoccerfield.高潮：瑪麗亞和隊友們樂意接受挑戰(zhàn)。Marianoddedwithadeterminedlookonherface...表明了瑪麗亞下定決心、堅定的心情。Theteammatesallcheered.表明瑪麗亞的隊友們同樣下定決心、堅定的心情。下降部分(FallingAction)故事的下降(做出合理推測)Mariaandherteammatesmanagedtoraiseenoughmoneyandtriedtheirbesttoovereallthedifficulties.(做出合理推測)雖然很辛苦和疲憊，但是他們樂意付出努力和勞動，并且充滿了歡樂。結(jié)尾(Ending)故事的結(jié)局(做出合理推測)Theysucceededintransformingthelotwithovergrownweedsandsomelarge__rocksintoaregulationsoccerfield.3．情感發(fā)展高效演練閱讀下面的材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。(2022·南京高三質(zhì)檢)Tomappearedonthesidewalkwithabucketofwhitewashandalong-handledbrush.HestoppedbythefenceinfrontofthehousewherehelivedwithhisAuntPolly.Helookedatit,andalljoylefthim.Thefencewaslongandhigh.Heputthebrushintothewhitewashandmoveditalongthetopofthefence.Herepeatedtheoperation.Hefeltitwasdifficultforhimtocontinueandsatdown.Heknewthathisfriendswouldwalkpasthimandlaugh.TheywouldmakejokesabouthishavingtoworkonabeautifulsummerSaturday.Noonewouldremaintohelp.Hefeltdiscouragedatthisthought.Atthisdarkandhopelessmoment,awonderfulideacametohim—tomakeamanoraboywantathing,itisonlynecessarytomakethethingdifficulttoget.Calmlyhepickedupthebrushandstartedagaintowhitewashthefence.WhileTomwasworking,BenRogersappeared,eatinganappleashewalkedalongthestreet.WhenhecametoTom,hestopped.Bensaid，“Say—I'mgoingswimming.Don'tyouwishyoucould?Butofcourseyou'dratherwork,wouldn'tyou?Ofcourseyouwould.”Tomlookedattheboyabit,andsaid,“Whydoyoucallitwork？”“Why,isn'tthatwork？”“Well,maybeitis,andmaybeitisn't.AllIknowisitsuitsme，”Tomwentbacktohiswhitewashing,andansweredcarelessly.“Ohenow,youdon'tmeantosayyoulikeit？”Thebrushcontinuedtomove.“Likeit?Well,Idon'tseewhyIshouldn'tlikeit.Doesaboygetachancetowhitewashafenceeveryday？”Tommovedhisbrushbackandforth,lookedattheresultwiththeeyeofanartistandaddedatouchhereandthere.Benwatchedeverymoveandgotmoreandmoreinterested.Soonhestoppedeatinghisappleandsaid,“Say,Tom,letmewhitewashthefencealittle.”注意：續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應為150左右。Tomthoughtforamomentandwasabouttoagree,buthechangedhismind.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________WhileBenworkedatthefenceinthehotsun，Tomsatunderatree,eatingtheapple,andplanninghowtogetmorehelp.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Onepossibleversion：Tomthoughtforamomentandwasabouttoagree,buthechangedhismind.“Ican't,Ben.YouknowAuntPollywantsthefencetobeperfect.Ithastobedoneverycarefully.Idon'tthinkyoucandoitwellenough，”hesaidtoBen,