新教材高中英語Unit4ExploringliteratureSectionⅠWeletotheunitReading學(xué)案牛津譯林版必修第二冊

Unit4Exploringliterature話題閱讀背景導(dǎo)入：湯顯祖是明代成就最高、影響最大的劇作家，其“臨川四夢”達(dá)到了同時代戲劇創(chuàng)作的高峰。一些中外學(xué)者曾將湯顯祖與莎士比亞進(jìn)行平行研究，認(rèn)為這兩位戲劇大師在16世紀(jì)與17世紀(jì)之交的東西方劇壇上為人類作出了卓越的貢獻(xiàn)。文章主要介紹了“中國的莎士比亞”——湯顯祖的文學(xué)成就及其作品風(fēng)格。Inhis402ndanniversaryyear,Shakespeareisstillrightlycelebratedasagreatwordsmithandplaywright.Buthewasnottheonlygreatmasterofdramaticwritingtodiein1616,andheiscertainlynottheonlywritertohaveleftalastinginfluenceontheatre.Whilelessknownworldwide,TangXianzuisconsideredChina'sgreatestplaywrightandishighlyspokenofinthatcountryofancientliteraryanddramatictraditions.Tangwasbornin1550inLinchuan,JiangxiProvince,andpursuedalow-keycareerasanofficialuntil,in1598,heretiredtofocusonwriting.UnlikeShakespeare'slargebodyofplays,poemsandsonnets(十四行詩),Tangwroteonlyfourmajorplays:ThePurpleHairpin(《紫釵記》),ThePeonyPavilion(《牡丹亭》),ADreamUndertheSouthernBough(《南柯記》),andTheHandanDream(《邯鄲記》).ThePeonyPavilionisconsideredasTang'smasterpiece.Therestthreeareconstructedaroundadreamnarrative,adevicethroughwhichTangunlockedtheemotionaldimensionofhumandesiresandambitionsandexploredhumannaturebeyondthesocialandpoliticalrestrictionsofthattime.TanglivedintheendoftheMingDynastyandthepopularityofhisworkshadagoodreason.SimilartoShakespeare,hissuccessrodethewaveofarenaissanceintheatreasanartisticpractice.AsinShakespeare'sEngland,Tang'sworksbecamehugelypopularinChinatoo.DuringTang'sChina,theway,inwhichplayletswereenjoyedandperformed,changed.KunquOpera,aformofmusicaldrama,spreadfromsouthernChinatothewholenationandbecameasymbolofChineseculture.biningnortherntuneandsouthernmusic,KunquOperawasknownforitspoeticlanguage,music,dancemovementsandgestures.Tang'sworksbenefitedgreatlyfromthepopularityofKunquOpera,andhisplayletsareconsideredasclassicsofKunquOpera.WhileTangandShakespearelivedinaworldawayfromeachother,therearemanythingstheyshareinmon,suchasthehumanityoftheirdrama,theiriconicandheroicfigures,theirloveforpoeticlanguage,alastingpopularityandtheanniversaryduringwhichwestillcelebratethem.【譯文】在莎士比亞逝世402周年時，他仍當(dāng)之無愧地被稱頌為偉大的語言大師和劇作家。但他并不是唯一一位在1616年逝世的戲劇大師，毫無疑問，他也不是唯一一位對戲劇產(chǎn)生深遠(yuǎn)影響的作家。湯顯祖雖然在世界范圍內(nèi)知名度不高，但卻被認(rèn)為是中國最偉大的劇作家，并且在中國古代文學(xué)和戲劇傳統(tǒng)中備受尊崇。湯顯祖于1550年出生在江西省臨川，他(前半生)低調(diào)從政，直到1598年，他退出官場，潛心寫作。與創(chuàng)作了大量戲劇、詩歌和十四行詩的莎士比亞不同，湯顯祖主要寫了四部戲?。骸蹲镶O記》《牡丹亭》《南柯記》和《邯鄲記》。(其中)《牡丹亭》被認(rèn)為是湯顯祖的代表作。其余三部作品都是圍繞夢境敘事展開，通過這一敘事手法，湯顯祖揭開了人類欲望和野心的情感層面，并探索了超出當(dāng)時社會和政治約束的人性。湯顯祖生活在明朝末期，他的作品有充分的理由受到人們喜愛。與莎士比亞相似，他的成功得益于戲劇這一藝術(shù)形式的復(fù)興。與莎士比亞(的作品)在英格蘭一樣，湯顯祖的作品在中國也非常流行。在湯顯祖時代的中國，人們欣賞以及表演戲劇的方式發(fā)生了變化。昆曲，一種音樂劇形式，從中國南方地區(qū)傳播到全國，成為中國文化的一個象征。昆曲結(jié)合了北方曲調(diào)和南方音樂，以其詩歌語言、音樂、舞蹈動作和手勢而聞名。湯顯祖的作品十分得益于昆曲的流行，他的戲劇被認(rèn)為是昆曲經(jīng)典劇目。雖然湯顯祖和莎士比亞生活在兩個相隔甚遠(yuǎn)的世界，但他們有許多共同點，例如他們的戲劇(所展現(xiàn)出來的)人性、他們標(biāo)志性的英雄人物、他們對詩歌語言的熱愛、經(jīng)久不衰的魅力以及在他們的周年紀(jì)念日，我們?nèi)匀粫o(jì)念他們。SectionⅠWeletotheunit&ReadingⅠ.核心詞匯1．______adj.非常認(rèn)真的；誠實的，真誠的2．______n.蝴蝶3．______n.貝殼；殼4．______n.靈魂；心性，內(nèi)心5．______adj.有能力，有才能；能力強(qiáng)的6．______n.要素，基本部分7．______n.特色，特征vt.以……為特色，是……的特征8．______n.作者，作家9．______adv.因此，所以10．______n.重要議題，爭論的問題；問題，擔(dān)憂；(報刊)一期vt.宣布，公布11．______n.(長篇)小說12．______adj.上部的；上面的13．______n.差距；間隙14．______n.(事情發(fā)生的)背景，環(huán)境，來龍去脈；上下文，語境15．______adj.特定的；明確的，具體的Ⅱ.拓展詞匯1．____n．文學(xué)，文學(xué)作品→____adj.文學(xué)的2．____vi.有吸引力；申訴；呼吁n．吸引力；申訴；呼吁→____adj.有吸引力的3．____vt.確定；決定，支配vi.決心→____adj.堅定的→____n．決定；決心4．____adj.有重要意義的，顯著的→____n．意義，重要性5．____n．描述，形容，說明→____vt.描述，描寫→____adj.描述性的；描寫的6．____adj.感覺敏銳的；體貼的；敏感的；靈敏的→____n．感官vt.感覺到→____adj.可感覺到的；合理的7．____vt.&vi.反映，顯示；映出(影像)；反射(聲、光、熱等)；沉思→____n．反射；思考→____adj.能反光的；沉思的8．____vt.&vi.喚起，被喚起；(使)醒來→____adj.醒著的9．____vt.使(船)下水；開始從事，發(fā)動→____n．發(fā)射架；發(fā)射裝置10．____n．永久，持久性→____adj.永久的；永恒的11．____vt.包含，含有，容納→____n．容器12．____adj.普遍的，共同的；普遍存在的→____adv.全體地；共同地13．____n．總結(jié)，概括，概要→____v．總結(jié)，概括Ⅲ.重點短語1．______經(jīng)受住時間的考驗2．______致力，專心，獻(xiàn)身3．______使某人安全4．______把某物放到某人耳邊5．______好奇地6．______一系列，各種7．______(forsb.)即將發(fā)生(在某人身上)，等待著(某人)8．______努力做某事9．______總之10．______在于11．______當(dāng)著某人的面12．______人性13．______呈現(xiàn)，具有；承擔(dān)；雇用14．______憑借，利用15．______結(jié)果Ⅳ.重點句型1．每本書背后都有一個人……____________isaman...2．總之，我們現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)到了想要欣賞和理解文學(xué)的階段。Inaword,wehavenowreachedapoint________________________．3．毫無疑問，曹雪芹是根據(jù)自己的親身經(jīng)歷，對當(dāng)時的生活作出了詳細(xì)的描述。____________________，CaoXueqingivesadetaileddescriptionofwhatlifewaslikeatthattime.根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容選擇正確答案1．Whydoestheauthorcitetheexampleofachildandaman?A．Toshowwhatthesoundsintheshellarelike.B．Toprovethattheboyiscuriousabouttheworld.C．Tointroducethetopicofthewonderofliterature.D．Toexplaintheman'suniquemethodofteachingachild.2．WhatcanwelearnfromthethirdParagraph?A．Thepoetistheonlyonewhocanfindbeautyintheworld.B．Whetherthebeautyisfoundispletelydeterminedbyasensitiveman.C．Theunnoticedsoundisjustlikeasensitivemaninthepassage.D.Theabilitytofindanddescribebeautyisakeyqualityofliterature.3．Howdoestheauthormentiontheappealofliteraturetoourfeelingsandimagination?A．Byparingdifferentaspects.B．Bygivingexamples.C．Bytellinghisownexperience.D．Byanalyzinghispoints.4．Whichofthefollowingshowsthedevelopmentofideasinthispassage?I:IntroductionP:PointSp:Sub-point(次要點)C:ConclusionThewonderofliteratureAchildandamanwerewalkingonthebeachwhenthechildfoundashellandheldittohisear[1].Suddenlyheheardstrange,low,musicalsounds.Thesesoundsseemedtobefromanotherworldandthechildlistenedtothemwithwonder.Thenthemanexplainedthatthechildheardnothingstrange,andthattheshellcaughtarangeofsoundstoofaintforhumanears.Whatamazedthechildwasnotanewworld,buttheunnoticedmusicoftheold[2].[1]該句中含有固定句式bedoing...when...，意為“正在做某事，這時……”。[2]Whatamazedthechild是what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句，作句子的主語；另外，主句中還含有not...but...(不是……而是……)結(jié)構(gòu)。Somesuchexperienceasthisliesinstoreforuswhenwebeginthestudyofliterature.Letalittlesongappealtotheear,oragreatbooktotheheart[3],andwediscoveranewworld,aworldofdreamsandmagic.Toenterandenjoythisnewworld[4],weneedtoloveliterature,andmakeanefforttoexplainit.Behindeverybookisaman,behindthemanistherace,andbehindtheracearethenaturalandsocialenvironments[5].Wemustknowallthese,ifthebookistospeakitswholemessage.Inaword,wehavenowreachedapointwherewewishtoenjoyandunderstandliterature[6].Thefirststepistodeterminesomeofitssignificantqualities.[3]句中oragreatbooktotheheart是省略句，完整的表述為orletagreatbookappealtotheheart。使用省略以避免重復(fù)，使語言精練。[4]toenterandenjoythisnewworld為動詞不定式短語作目的狀語。[5]“Behindeverybookisaman...”是表語前置的完全倒裝句式。[6]wehavenowreachedapointwherewewishto...是含有定語從句的復(fù)合句。wehavenowreachedapoint是主句，其后是where引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾表示抽象地點的先行詞point。Thefirstqualityofliteratureisitsdescriptionoftruthandbeauty.Sometruthandbeautyremainunnoticeduntilasensitivehumansoulbringsthemtoourattention,justastheshellreflectstheunnoticedsounds[7].Ahundredmenmaypassafieldandseeonlydeadgrass;butapoetstops,looksdeeper,seestruthandbeauty,andwrites,“Yesterday'sflowersamI．”O(jiān)newhoreadsitiscapableofseeingthebeautythatwashiddenfromhiseyesbefore[8].[7]justas...是as引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句，意為“正如……”。[8]Onewhoreadsitiscapableofseeingthebeautythatwashidden...是主從復(fù)合句，whoreadsit是定語從句，修飾主語one。后面的thatwashidden...也是定語從句，修飾beauty。Thesecondqualityofliteratureisitsappealtoourfeelingsandimagination.Itsattractionliesmoreinwhatitawakensinusthanwhatitsays[9].WhenChristopherMarlowe'sDoctorFaustusasksinthepresenceofHelen,“Wasthisthefacethatlaunchedathousandships[10]？”heopensadoorthroughwhichourimaginationentersanewworld[11],aworldoflove,beautyandheroism.[9]whatitawakensinus及whatitsays均為what引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，作介詞in的賓語。[10]“Wasthisthefacethatlaunchedathousandships？”是主從復(fù)合句，that引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾face。[11]throughwhichourimaginationenters...是“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾先行詞door。Thethirdqualityofliterature,ingoutoftheothertwo[12],isitspermanence.Toachievethis,itshouldcontaintwoelements:universalinterestandpersonalstyle.Goodliteraturereflectsthemostbasicofhumannature—loveandhate,joyandsadness,fearandhope.Italsotakesonapersonalstyle—nowritercandescribehumanlifewithoutreflectinghisownlifeandexperiences[13].[12]ingoutoftheothertwo是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作定語，相當(dāng)于定語從句thatesoutoftheothertwo.[13]nowritercan...without...是雙重否定表肯定。Insummary,literatureistheexpressionoflifeinformsoftruthandbeauty,thewrittenrecordofman'sthoughtsandfeelings,andthehistoryofthehumansoul.(AdaptedfromWilliamJ.Long'sEnglishLiterature：ItsHistoryandItsSignificancefortheLifeoftheEnglish-SpeakingWorld)文學(xué)(literature)的奇妙之處孩子和男人在海灘上散步，孩子發(fā)現(xiàn)了一枚貝殼(shell)，把它放到了耳邊。突然，他聽到了奇怪、低沉、悅耳的聲音。這聲音仿佛來自另一個世界，孩子聽后十分驚奇。隨后男子解釋說，孩子聽到的聲音沒有什么奇怪的，只不過是貝殼捕捉到了種種對于人的耳朵來說過于微弱的聲音而已。讓孩子為之驚奇的其實不是一個新世界，而是舊世界那被人忽視的音樂。當(dāng)我們開始學(xué)習(xí)文學(xué)的時候，我們也會有如此這般的體驗[instore(forsb.)即將發(fā)生(在某人身上)]。讓一首小曲愉悅(appealto吸引)我們的耳朵，或者讓一部巨著觸動我們的心靈，這樣我們就會發(fā)現(xiàn)一個全新的世界，一個充滿夢想和魔力的世界。要進(jìn)入這個新世界，并享受其中的樂趣，我們需要熱愛文學(xué)，并盡力去解讀它。每本書背后都有一個人，此人身后是一個族群，這個族群背后是自然和社會環(huán)境。如果要了解一本書所傳遞的全部信息，我們就必須了解所有這些內(nèi)容?？傊?，我們現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)到了想要欣賞和理解文學(xué)的階段。第一步是確定(determine)它的一些重要(significant)特質(zhì)。文學(xué)的第一個特質(zhì)是它對真與美的描寫(description)。一些真與美一直被忽視，直到一個敏銳的(sensitive)人類靈魂(soul)讓它們引起我們的注意，正如貝殼捕捉(reflect反映)到了我們未曾注意的聲音一樣。一百個人走過田野，眼中所見的可能都只是枯草，而詩人駐足，看得更深，他看到了真與美，遂寫下：“昨日之花即是我?！弊x了這句詩的人便能(capable)看到以前隱匿在眼前的美。文學(xué)的第二個特質(zhì)在于它能打動我們的情感，啟發(fā)我們的想象力。文學(xué)的魅力更多在于它喚起(awaken)了我們什么，而不在于它說了什么?？死锼雇懈ァゑR洛筆下的浮士德博士當(dāng)著海倫的面問：“這就是那張讓上千艘戰(zhàn)艦為之起航(launch)的面龐嗎？”此時他便打開了一扇門，通過這扇門，我們的想象力進(jìn)入了一個充滿愛、美和英雄主義的新世界。文學(xué)的第三個特質(zhì)是其持久(permanence)的生命力，它源于前兩個特質(zhì)。要實現(xiàn)這一點，它須包含(contain)兩個要素(element)：廣泛的(universal)關(guān)切和個人的風(fēng)格。好的文學(xué)作品反映了人性最基本的內(nèi)涵——愛與恨、喜與悲、恐懼與希望。它也帶有個人風(fēng)格——沒有哪個作家能夠在描寫人類的生活時不反映其個人生活和經(jīng)歷。總之(insummary)，文學(xué)是以真和美的形式對生命的表達(dá)，是人類思想和感情的寫照，是人類靈魂的歷史。(改編自威廉·J.朗恩的《英語文學(xué)：歷史及其對英語世界生活的意義》)?第一版塊|重點詞匯詮釋1.instore即將發(fā)生（在某人身上），等待著（某人）；貯藏著，準(zhǔn)備著?Wedon'tknowwhatlifeholdsinstoreforus.我們不知道等待我們的將是什么樣的生活。?Ifshehadknownwhatlayinstoreforher,shewouldneverhaveagreedtogo.她如果事先知道會有什么遭遇的話，就決不會同意去的。?Healwayskeepsseveralcasesofmilkinstore.他總是備有幾箱牛奶。聯(lián)想拓展表示“即將發(fā)生”的短語還有：onhand,aroundthecorner等。即學(xué)即練單句寫作①當(dāng)我第一次踏入大園時，我不知道未來等待我的會是什么。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________②我們?yōu)榧磳⒌絹淼亩緝Σ亓舜罅渴澄铩_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.appealvi.有吸引力；呼吁，懇求；上訴；申訴；n.呼吁，懇求；吸引力appealtosb.吸引某人appealtosb.forsth.為某事向某人呼吁appealtosb.todosth.呼吁/懇求某人做某事appeal(tosb./sth.)againststh.就……(向……)提起上訴make/launchanappealtosb.forsth.向某人呼吁某事make/launchanappealtosb.todosth.呼吁某人做某事appealingadj.有吸引力的，有感染力的，令人感興趣的?Thebookappealstoreadersofallagesandestablishesaliterarybondbetweenparentsandchildren.這本書老幼皆宜，并在父母和孩子之間建立了文學(xué)紐帶。?Inthevote,heappealedtoeveryoneforsupport.在這次選舉中，他懇請大家支持他。?Sheappealedtoustogowithher.她懇求我們和她同行。?Theadvertisementisaimedatappealingtopeoplenottosmoke.這個廣告旨在呼吁人們不要吸煙。?Iintendtoappealagainstthissentence.我打算對這個判決提起上訴。?Thepolicemadeanappealtothepublictoremaincalm.警方呼吁公眾保持鎮(zhèn)靜。?Thefilmhasgreatappealforyoungaudiences.這部電影備受年輕觀眾喜愛。?Thecityoffersanappealingbinationofsportingandculturalevents.這座城市集體育活動和文化活動于一身，頗具吸引力。?SpendingtheholidaysinBritainwasn'taprospectthatIfoundparticularlyappealing.在英國度假對我并不特別有吸引力。聯(lián)想拓展appealto上訴；呼吁appealtoAforB懇請A給予Bsexappeal性魅力；性感appealcourt上訴；法院語境助記Anoldman,whoappealedagainsthisson'ssentence,madeanappealtothepublicforhelp,whichappealedtomanywarm-heartedpeople.一位老人對兒子的判決提出上訴，呼吁公眾幫幫他，這吸引了很多熱心腸的人。即學(xué)即練判斷下列句子中appeal的詞性及含義/單句語法填空①Sheappealedtothehighcourtagainsthersentence.______②Ourschoolappealstothestudentstosetasideatleastanhoureverydaytotakeexerciseinordertokeepfit.______③—HowdidyoulikeNick'sperformancelastnight?—Tobehonest,hissingingdidn'tappealtome.______④ThemassiveappealofChineseonlineliteraturehasalsoextendeditsreachtomillionsofreadersworldwide.______⑤Whentherearenewusers,theywillgiveaquite____(appeal)pricetoattractthemtoregisterandbuygoods.⑥Thebookturnsouttobeonethathasappealed____theworldformorethan350years.⑦Tobuildthebridge,wemadeanappeal____thevillagers____donations.⑧It'sremendedthatthegovernmentshouldappealtothelocalpeople____(reduce)theemissionofcarbondioxideintheirdailylife.3.determinevt.測定，查明，準(zhǔn)確算出；確定，安排，決定，支配，影響determineon...決心/決定……determinetodosth.(表示動作)決心做某事，決定做某事determinedadj.決心，決定；堅定的，堅決的bedeterminedtodosth.決心做某事adeterminedefforttooveredifficulties堅決克服困難的努力determinationn.[U]決心，堅定?Wesetouttodeterminewhathappenedthatnight.我們著手查明那天晚上發(fā)生的事情。?Thedateforthemeetinghasyettobedetermined.會議日期尚待確定。?Generally,agoodeducationalbackgroundandahighlydevelopedmoralsensecandetermineyourfuturesuccess.一般來說，良好的教育背景和強(qiáng)烈的道德意識能夠決定你未來的成功。?Greatlyencouragedbywhattheteachersaid,theboyreturnedtohisseat,determiningtostudyharder.老師的話使男孩深受鼓舞，他回到座位上，決心更加努力學(xué)習(xí)。?Theydeterminedonanearlystart.他們決定早點出發(fā)。語境助記LiHuawasayoungmanwithgreatdetermination.Hedeterminedtogotoabigcityaftergraduation.Determinednevertoebackbeforehecouldmakeafortune,helefthomewithoutsayingaword.李華是一個很有決心的年輕人。他決定畢業(yè)后去大城市。他決定在賺大錢之前決不回來，一句話也沒說就離開了家。即學(xué)即練單句語法填空①Johnsonhadmadeuphismindtogiveitup,butonsecondthoughthedetermined____(try)athirdtime.②Hepatted(輕拍)meontheshoulder,witha____(determine)look,sayingthatIhadthecapabilitytosucceed.③Hedidtheexperimentdayandnight,determined____(find)outaneffective(有效的)waytotreatthedisease.④Whereheoncefeltlikegivingup,henowhasthe____(determine)topushfurtherandkeepongoing.

4.sensitiveadj.感覺敏銳的，藝術(shù)感覺好的，有悟性的；易生氣的，易被惹惱的，神經(jīng)過敏的；（對低溫、光、食物等）敏感的，過敏的；體貼的，善解人意的besensitiveto/about...對……神經(jīng)敏感besensitiveto...對……過敏/敏感；對……體貼的?Don'tmentionthatshehasputonweight,forsheisverysensitivetoit.不要提她體重增加了，因為她很忌諱這個。?Don'tbesosensitiveandIwasnotcriticizingyou.不要這么敏感，我不是在批評你。?Myteethareverysensitivetocoldfood.我的牙齒對冷食過敏。?Theeyesofsomefishareacutelysensitivetolight.有些魚的眼睛對光非常敏感。特別提示形近詞：sensibleadj.明智的，通情達(dá)理的即學(xué)即練判斷下列句子中sensitive的含義①Throughouthercareersheremainedsensitivetocriticism.______②—Maryisalwaysverysensitivetothesufferingofothers.—Nowondershechoosestobeareliefworker.______③Theelderlyneedspecialcareinwinter,astheyareverysensitivetothesuddenchangesintheweather.______5.reflectvt.反射；顯示，表明；反映，映出（影像）vt.&vi.沉思，認(rèn)真思考reflecttheviewsof...表明……的意見reflectsb./sth.insth.在某物里映出某人/某物reflecton/upon...認(rèn)真思考……reflectionn.[U]反射；沉思；[C]映像；反映beareflectionof...是……的反映on/uponreflection經(jīng)過沉思后?Thewindowsreflectedthebrightafternoonsunlight.窗戶反射著午后明媚的陽光。?Acityistheproductofthehumanhandandmind,reflectingman'sintelligenceandcreativity.城市是人的手和思想的產(chǎn)物，反映了人的智慧和創(chuàng)造力。?Ournewspaperaimstoreflecttheviewsofthelocalmunity.我們的報紙旨在表達(dá)當(dāng)?shù)厝嗣竦男穆暋?Shecouldseetreesreflectedinwater.她看見樹木映照在水中。?Readinghistoryisanamazingexperiencebecauseitenablesustoreflectonthesocialandeconomiclifeofthepeoplelivinglongtimeago.閱讀歷史是一種奇妙的體驗，因為它能讓我們認(rèn)真思考很久以前的人們的社會和經(jīng)濟(jì)生活。?Whenhewasalone,hewasoftenlostinreflection.他獨處的時候經(jīng)常會陷入沉思。?Yourclothesareoftenareflectionofyourpersonality.你的穿著常常反映出你的個性。?Whilethenewsatfirstshockedme,onreflectionitmadeperfectsense.雖然一開始這個消息令我震驚，但經(jīng)過認(rèn)真思考，我覺得它也很有道理。語境助記Thepainting,whichisareflectionofdevelopmentofmyhometown,makesusreflectontheplanmadelastyear.這幅畫，反映了我家鄉(xiāng)的發(fā)展，讓我們思考起去年制定的計劃。即學(xué)即練單句語法填空/單句寫作①Thelakeiscalmandclear,andoneofthethingsthatarereflected____thewateristhefamoustower.②Ithinkyoushouldstopforamomentandreflect____yoursuccessandfailure.③These“in-need-of-praise”chatgroupsarea____(reflect)ofChineseculturewhereopenlyseekingandgivingpraiseisunmon.④我們反思自己過去的錯誤并下定決心不再犯。________________________________________________________________________⑤書法就像一面鏡子，是心靈的無聲反映。________________________________________________________________________6.containvt.包含，含有，容納?Thisbookcontainsalltheinformationyouneed.這本書包含你所需要的一切信息。?Lemonsandorangescontainalotofvitaminswhicharegoodforourhealth.檸檬和橙子含有大量對我們的健康有益的維生素。?Themuseumcontainsanumberoforiginalartworks.這座博物館藏有許多原創(chuàng)藝術(shù)品。?Thehallcancontain3，000people.這個大廳能容納3000人。[辨析比較]contain/include易混詞區(qū)別contain意為“包含，含有”，側(cè)重于“整體內(nèi)有”，也可指在某一范圍或容器內(nèi)能容納某物，不用于進(jìn)行時態(tài)。Someplantsandanimalscontainnaturalpoisonsthatareharmfultopeople.有些動植物含有對人有害的天然毒素。include意為“包括”，側(cè)重于被包含者只是整體中的一部分。ThetourincludedavisittotheScienceMuseum.這次游覽包括參觀科學(xué)博物館。特別提示句子中contain的含義WhenIheardthenews,Icouldnotcontainmyexcitement.點撥：vt.控制，抑制(感情)。同義詞為：control。即學(xué)即練選詞填空(contain/include)/完成句子①LittleJohnnyfeltthebag,curioustoknowwhatit____．②Ourtouralso____achancetowalkinthefootstepsofVanGoghandGauguin.③Thiskindoffruit____lotsofvitamins,vitaminD____．④他很擔(dān)心，因為他丟了裝有護(hù)照、身份證和錢的包。Hewasworried,becausehelosthisbag__________________．⑤房間太小容納不了那么多人。Theroomistoosmall________________．7.insummary總的來說，總之summaryn.[C]總結(jié)，概括，概要abriefsummaryof...對……的簡短總結(jié)anewssummary新聞綜述?Insummary,thiswasanexcellentperformance.總的來說，這場演出很棒。?Insummary,itismyopinionthatthispletetreatmentprocessisverysuccessful.總之，我認(rèn)為這整個治療過程非常成功。聯(lián)想拓展“總之”的其他表達(dá)：onthewholeallinallinshort/briefingeneralinaword即學(xué)即練完成句子①____________________(總的來說),dancingiswonderfulanditmakesmefeelyoung!②Tommakesitaruleto___________________(在課后對所學(xué)內(nèi)容做個總結(jié)).?第二版塊|重點句型解構(gòu)1.（教材P44）Behindeverybookisaman...每本書背后都有一個人……[句式分析]此句屬于完全倒裝，就是將謂語動詞全部置于主語之前。當(dāng)表示地點的介詞短語放在句首，謂語動詞是不及物動詞，如lie，stand，sit，exist等或連系動詞be，且主語是名詞時，要用完全倒裝。?Infrontofourhousestandsabigtree.我們的房子前有一棵大樹。完全倒裝的其他情況：①當(dāng)副詞here，there，now，then，out，in，up，down，off，away等置于句首，謂語動詞是e，go，run，rush，fly等，且主語是名詞時，要用完全倒裝。這種情況常用一般現(xiàn)在時或一般過去時。?Hereesthebus.公共汽車來了。?Nowesyourturn.現(xiàn)在輪到你了。?Outrushedadog.一條狗沖了出來。②Therebe/lie/stand/appear/remain...結(jié)構(gòu)。?Therestandsatempleonthetopofthemountain.山頂上有座廟。特別提示此句型需要特別注意主謂一致。語境助記Theyarrivedatasmallvillage,infrontofwhichwasabigriver.他們來到一個小鄉(xiāng)村，村莊前面是條大河。即學(xué)即練完成句子①墻上掛著一張世界地圖。_______________amapoftheworld.②接下來到了分享最美好記憶的時刻了。_______________themoment—thetimetoshareyourbestmemory.③大眾廣場是這個城市一個引人注目的景點，許多歷史名人的石像矗立在那兒。ThePublicSquareisaneye-catchingsightofthecity._____________manystonesculpturesoffamoushistoricalfigures.④樹下站著一個男孩，他的眼睛早已被幾只蝴蝶吸引了過去。_______________aboy,whoseeyeswereattractedbyseveralbutterflies.2.（教材P44）Inaword，wehavenowreachedapointwherewewishtoenjoyandunderstandliterature.,總之，我們現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)到了想要欣賞和理解文學(xué)的階段。[句式分析]此句型為：抽象地點＋where引導(dǎo)的定語從句。?Wehadreachedthepointwheretherewasnomoney.我們已經(jīng)到了沒有一分錢的階段。?Thosesuccessfuldeafdancersthinkthatdancingisanactivitywheresightmattersmorethanhearing.那些成功的聾人舞者認(rèn)為跳舞是一種視覺比聽覺更重要的活動。名師點津當(dāng)先行詞是case，situation，position，point，stage，activity等表抽象地點的名詞，且定語從句中缺少地點狀語時，定語從句常用where或inwhich引導(dǎo)。即學(xué)即練單句語法填空①Thematterhasreachedastage____theyhavetogivein.②Theprojectaimstogetkidstoastagecalled“deepreading”，____theycanreadtolearn.③Theyexperiencedaserioussituation____theinjuredpeopleweredyingfromtheextremesuffering.3.（教材P47）Nodoubtdrawingonhisownexperiences，CaoXueqingivesadetaileddescriptionofwhatlifewaslikeatthattime.毫無疑問，曹雪芹是根據(jù)自己的親身經(jīng)歷，對當(dāng)時的生活作出了詳細(xì)的描述。[句式分析]此句中Nodoubt...“毫無疑問……”，nodoubt作狀語，修飾整個句子。(此時doubt是名詞)Thereissome(此時doubt是動詞)I肯定句中：doubt（否定句、疑問句中：doubt（特別提示此句型常出現(xiàn)在考卷中的綜合試題中，如閱讀理解、完形填空，需要正確理解其含義，也會出現(xiàn)在語法填空中。即學(xué)即練完成句子①毫無疑問，劇院為該地區(qū)的發(fā)展和經(jīng)濟(jì)增長作出了貢獻(xiàn)。___________thetheaterhascontributedtothearea'sdevelopmentandeconomicgrowth.②毫無疑問，我們使用記憶的方式正在改變。_______________thewayweusememoriesischanging.③我開始懷疑他的小說是否比其他人的好。Ibegantodoubt________hisnovelisbetterthanothers'.④他是否會來是有疑問的。_______________he'lle.Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．Thecampuspolice____(獻(xiàn)身)themselvestoguardingthecampus.2．Itreatedtheguyin____(真誠)inmyhome.3．WhenIwasmeetingwiththefemaleleader,Ihad____(蝴蝶)inmystomach.4．WutheringHeights(《呼嘯山莊》)isaclassicofEnglish____(文學(xué)).5．Thepolicehaveissuedan____(呼吁)tothepublictostayawayfromtheareaovertheweekend.6．She____(決心)togoonadiettoloseweight.7．Doingexerciseplaysa____(有重要意義的)partinreducingpressure.8．Policehaveissueda____(描述)ofthethief.9．Batshaveextremely____(感覺敏銳的)ears.10．Hispoetrycontainsmanybeautifulimages,butitlacks____(靈魂).11．Inthecenterofthecampus,thelake____(映出)thesurroundingbuildings.12．Iwanttoseeyouachievewhatyouare____(有能力的)of.13．Theappisto____(喚起)students'interestinEnglishliterature.14．Thepanyisscheduledto____(發(fā)動)itsnewproduct.15．Wenolongertalkofthe____(永久；持久性)ofmarriage.16．Yogurt____(含有)lessfat.17．Greatnovelscontainsimilar____(要素).18．Hissuggestionhasnotmetwith____(普遍的)agreement.19．Ourteacheraskedustowritea____(概要)ofthenovel.20．Teamworkasakey____(特征)ofthetrainingprogrammeisuniversallyrecognised.21．Heisatalentedyoung____(作家).22．Hisbookisappealingand____(因此)appealstoalotofreaders.23．It'sawebsitedevotedtoenvironmental____(問題).24．Hetookprideinhislatest____(小說).25．Thebossdeterminedtousethe____(上面的)floorsofthebuilding.26．Thiscontributestothe____(差距)betweentherichandthepoor.27．Youarecapableofguessingthemeaningofthewordfromthe____(語境).28．Thefollowingsummarypresents____(特定的)instancesoftheseissues.Ⅱ.單句語法填空1．Inreallifetheauthorisa____(devote)husbandandfather.2．Wearedevotedtomakingthedesignmore____(appeal)toyoungpeople.3．Therewasa____(determine)lookonhisfacewhenhefinishedreadingthelastpageofthepoetrycollection.4．Thiscontributes____(significant)tothesuccessofourexperiment.5．Heisverygoodatthe____(describe)abouttheordinarypeopleinhisnovels.6．Thepoliceoughttobemore____(sense)totheneedsofthelocals.7．Alovingfamilyenvironmentgiveschildrenthesenseof____(permanent)whichissignificanttotheirgrowth.8．Thispoem____(reflect)thepoet'sloveofnature.9．Musichasbeencalledthe____(universe)languageandthesourceofhappiness.10．Ihavebeenreflectingonthese____(issue)thesedays!Ⅲ.課文語法填空Toenterandenjoythisnewworldofliterature,weneedtoloveliteratureandmakeaneffort1.____(explain)it.Behindeverybookisaman,behindthemanistherace,andbehindtherace2.____(be)thenaturalandsocialenvironments.Wehavenowreachedapoint3.____wewishtoenjoyandunderstandliterature.Let'slookatsomeofitssignificantqualities.Thefirstqualityofliteratureisits4.____(describe)oftruthandbeauty.Sometruthandbeautyremainunnoticed5.____asensitivehumansoulbringsthemtoourattention,justastheshellreflectstheunnoticedsounds.Thesecondqualityofliteratureisitsappeal6.____ourfeelingsandimagination.Itsattractionliesmoreinwhatitawakensinusthanwhatitsays.Thethirdqualityofliterature,7.____(e)outoftheothertwo,isitspermanence.Toachievethis,itshouldcontaintwo8.____(element):u