非謂語動詞作主語和定語

非謂語動詞作主語

2021/5/91一、動名詞（V.ing）作主語LosinghimwasbluelikeI’dneverknownMissinghimwasdarkgreyallaloneForgettinghimwasliketryingtoknowsomebodyyou’venevermetButlovinghimwasred~~~2021/5/92一.TheusageofV-ingformusedassubject動名詞做主語往往表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動作或狀態(tài)。WatchingnewsonTVhasbecomearoutineforme.(經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動作)Talkingiseasierthandoing.(狀態(tài)）2021/5/93一.動名詞做主語的3種句型(1)動名詞直接置于句首。Talkingiseasierthandoing.(2)Ving

形式作主語時(shí)常后置,用it作形式主語Itisawasteoftimedoingsth(3)Therebe

結(jié)構(gòu)中作主語：A.Thereis+nodoingB.Thereisnopointdoing2021/5/94

(1)動名詞直接置于句首。WatchingnewsonTVhasbecomearoutineforme.Seeingisbelieving.2021/5/95(2)V-ing

形式作主語時(shí)常后置,用it作形式主語。isawasteoftime.形式主語真正主語Itisawasteoftimeplayingvideogames.playingvideogames2021/5/96常見句式:Itisnogood/nouse/uselessdoingsth做、、、沒有用的Itisawasteoftimedoingsth做、、、是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間的2021/5/97(3)Therebe結(jié)構(gòu)中作主語：A.Thereisno+doing表示不可能做某事例子：Thereisnoknowingthefuture==wecan’tknowthefuture.我們不可能知道未來發(fā)生什么

Thereisnotellingwhatheisgoingtodo．說出他要干什么是不可能的。Thereisnosayingwhatmayhappen.說出將要發(fā)生什么是不可能的。

2021/5/98B.Thereisnopointdoing做某事沒有意義There’snopointhavingwishesifyoudon’tatleasttrytodothem.2021/5/99Talkingiseasierthandoing.LosinghimwasbluelikeI’dneverknown.Missinghimwasdarkgreyallalone.動名詞作主語時(shí)，單個(gè)V-ing做主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。Collectingstampsandrunningarehishobby.兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上表達(dá)不同意義的V-ing作主語，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。2021/5/910主謂一致：Seeing____(be)believing.WatchingTVandreadingbooks_______(has)becomearoutineforme.2021/5/911一.動名詞做主語的用法(1)動名詞直接置于句首。Talkingiseasierthandoing.(2)Ving

形式作主語時(shí)常后置,用it作形式主語Itisawasteoftimedoingsth(3)Therebe

結(jié)構(gòu)中作主語：A.Thereis+nodoingB.Thereisnopointdoingsummary單個(gè)V-ing做主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。2021/5/912SinceTomwenttohighschool,_______(watch)TVhasbecomearoutineforhim.Hismotheralwayssaid“it’swasteoftime_________(spend)timeinfrontofTV.”However,Tomalwaysanswers“IcankeepabalancebetweenstudyingandwatchingTV.”Asyouknow,talking________(be)easierthandoing.Later,Tomdoesn’tdowellinthefinalexamandheissosad.Tom’smotherknowsthatthereisnopoint_________(scold)himnow.soshecomfortshimandsaid“itisnouse_________(cry)overspiltmilk.Thereisno_________(tell)whatyoucando,justtryyourbest.2021/5/913SinceTomwenttohighschool,_watching______(watch)TVhasbecomearoutineforhim.Hismotheralwayssaid“it’swasteoftime__spending___(spend)timeinfrontofTV.”However,Tomalwaysanswers“IcankeepabalancebetweenstudyingandwatchingTV.”Asyouknow,talking__is__(be)easierthandoing.Later,Tomdoesn’tdowellinthefinalexamandheissosad.Tom’smotherknowsthatthereisnopoint___scolding____(scold)himnow.soshecomfortshimandsaid“itisnouse___crying___(cry)overspiltmilk.Thereisno___telling___(tell)whatyoucando,justtryyourbest.2021/5/914二、不定式（to+動詞原形）作主語1、直接做主語

例句：

Tohesitatemeansfailure.猶豫不決就意味著失敗。

Todothisistocutthefoottofittheshoe.這樣做是削足適履。（主語和表語均用不定式）

Forhimtoadmithismistakesisnoteasy.要他承認(rèn)錯(cuò)誤是不容易的。（帶邏輯主語）

Tobeworkingalldaylongisabore.整天干活使人厭倦。（不定式進(jìn)行式）

Tohaveknownyouisaprivilege.認(rèn)識了你真是榮幸。（不定式完成式）2021/5/9152.It做形式主語

It'sunlikehimtobelate.他可不是遲到的那種人。

Howdoesitfeeltobeonyourown?自由自在的感覺怎樣？

Itwouldbewrongforpeopletomarryformoney.人們?yōu)殄X而結(jié)婚是錯(cuò)誤的。（It+be+形容詞+for短語+不定式）

It'sashametosaylikethat.那樣說話是可恥的。（It+be+名詞+不定式）

Itisagainstmayprinciplestodosuchathing.做這樣的事是違反我的原則的。（It+be+介詞短語+不定式）2021/5/916Of還是for？Itis+adj.+of+sb.+todosth.這里的形容詞是描述不定式行為者的性格、品質(zhì)的,如kind,good,nice,right,wrong,clever,careless,polite,foolish等It’sverykindofyoutohelpme.你能幫我,真好.

It’scleverofyoutoworkoutthemathsproblem.

你真聰明,解出了這道數(shù)學(xué)題.

Itis+adj.+for+sb.+todosth.若形容詞僅僅是描述事物,不是對人的評價(jià),用forsb.,這類詞有difficult,easy,hard,important,dangerous,（im）possible等.

It’sverydangerousforchildrentocrossthebusystreet.

對孩子們來說,穿過繁忙的街道很危險(xiǎn).

It’sdifficultforustofinishthework.對我們來說,完成這項(xiàng)工作很困難.2021/5/917非謂語動詞做定語2021/5/9181.不定式作定語，要放在它所修飾的名詞之后，表示一個(gè)將來的動作。如：Theyhavethreeticketstospare.他們多三張票。Shehasplentyofclothestowear.她有足夠的衣服穿。

句型thefirsttodo

Heisalwaysthefirstonetocometoschoolandthelasttoleave.2021/5/9192.分詞作定語現(xiàn)在分詞表示其動作正在發(fā)生或與謂語同時(shí)發(fā)生.Thereisagentlemanaskingtoseeyou.有一位先生要求見你。過去分詞表示其動作已經(jīng)完成或沒有時(shí)間性.Sheisatrainednurse.她是一個(gè)受過訓(xùn)練的護(hù)士。2021/5/920*如果動作不是和謂語同時(shí)發(fā)生或正在發(fā)生，則只能用定語從句。2021/5/9213.動名詞作定語，只放在名詞前，說明該名詞的性能或用途Thedoctortoldmenottotakesleepingpills.醫(yī)生叫我不要服安眠藥。2021/5/9224.tobedone,beingdone,done均可用作定語，且都表示被動意義，其區(qū)別在于：tobedone表示將來，beingdone表示目前正在發(fā)生，done表示過去已經(jīng)發(fā)生。Thehousetobebuiltnextyearisacinema.明年建的那座房子是家電影院。Thehousebeingbuiltnowisacinema.現(xiàn)在正在建的房子是家電影院。Thehousebuiltlastyearisacinema.去年建的那座房子是家電影院。2021/5/9234.Therewereseveralnewevents________(add)totheprogramforthe2008BeijingOlympicGames.5.Theprizeofthegam