2023-2024學(xué)年吉林省長嶺三中高三上學(xué)期第七次周考英語試題（解析版）

第=page11頁第=page11頁長嶺三中高三第七次周考英語試題閱讀理解(共15個小題，每題2.5分）AThereareenergysavingstobemadefromallrecyclablematerials,sometimeshugesavings.Recyclingplasticsandaluminum（鋁）,forinstance,usesonly5%to10%asmuchenergyasproducingnewplasticorsmelting(提煉)aluminum.Longbeforemostofusevennoticedwhatwenowcall“theenvironment”,BuckminsterFullersaid,“Pollutionisnothingbuttheresources(資源)wearenotharvesting.Weallowthemtobeleftaroundbecausewe’vebeenignorantoftheirvalue.”Totakeoneexample,let’scomparethethrowawayeconomywitharecyclingeconomyaswefeedacatforlife.Sayyourcatweigh5kgandeatsonecanoffoodeachday.Eachemptycanofitsfoodweights40g.Inathrowawayeconomy,youwouldthrowaway5,475cansoverthecats15-yearlifetime.That’s219kgofsteel—morethanafifthofatonandmorethan40timesthecat’sweight.Inarecyclingeconomy,wewouldmakeonesetof100canstostartwith,thenreplacethemoverandoveragainwithrecycledcans.Sincealmost3%ofthemetalislostduringreprocessing,we’dhavetomakeanextra10canseachyear.Butinall,only150canswillbeusedupoverthecat’slifetime—andwe’llstillhave100leftoverforthenextcat.Insteadofusingup219kgofsteel,we’veusedonly6kg.Andbecausetheprocessofrecyclingsteelislesspollutingthanmakingnewsteel,we’vealsoachievedthefollowingsignificantsavings:inenergyuse—47%to74%;inairpollution—85%;inwaterpollution—35%;inwateruse—40%.1．WhatdoesBuckminsterFullersayaboutpollution?A．Itisbecomingmoreserious. B．Itistheresourcesyettobeused.C．Itdestroystheenvironment. D．Itbenefitstheeconomy.2．Howmanycanswillbeusedupinacat’s15-yearlifetimeinarecyclingeconomy?A．50. B．100. C．150. D．250.3．Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A．Tointroduceanenvironmentalist. B．Topromotetheideaofrecycling.C．Todiscussthecausesofpollution. D．Todefendthethrowawayeconomy.4．Wheredoyouthinkthetextmaycomefrom?A．Anovel.B．Afiction.C．Sportscolumnofnewspaper. D．Amagazine.BIt'ssurprisinghowmuchsimplemovementsofthebodycanaffectthewaywethink.Usingexpansivegestureswithopenarmsmakesusfeelmorepowerful,crossingyourarmsmakesyoumoredeterminedandlyingdowncanbringmoreinsights(領(lǐng)悟).Soifmovingthebodycanhavetheseeffects,whatabouttheclotheswewear?We'reallwellawareofhowdressingupindifferentwayscanmakeusfeelmoreattractive,sportyorprofessional,dependingontheclotheswewear,butcantheclothesactuallychangecognitive(認知的)performanceorisitjustafeeling?AdamandGalinskytestedtheeffectofsimplywearingawhitelabcoatonpeople'spowersofattention.Theideaisthatwhitecoatsareassociatedwithscientists,whoareinturnthoughttohavecloseattentiontodetail.Whattheyfoundwasthatpeoplewearingwhitecoatsperformedbetterthanthosewhoweren't.Indeed,theymadeonlyhalfasmanyerrorsasthosewearingtheirownclothesontheStroopTest(onewayofmeasuringattention).Theresearcherscalltheeffect''enclothedcognition'',suggestingthatallmannerofdifferentclothesprobablyaffectourcognitioninmanydifferentways.Thisopensthewayforallsortsofclothes-basedexperiments.Isthewriterwhowearsafedora（軟呢帽）morecreative?Isthepsychologistwearinglittleroundglassesandsmokingacigarmoreinsightful（有深刻見解的）?Doesachef'shatmaketheresultantfoodtastebetter?FromnowonIwillonlybeeditingarticlesforPsyBlogwhilewearingawhitecoattohelpkeepthetypingerrorcountlow.HopefullyyouwillbedoingyourpartbyreadingPsyBloginacapandgown(學(xué)位服).5．AdamandGalinsky'sexperimenttestedtheeffectofclothesontheirwearers'___________.A．insights B．a(chǎn)ttention C．movements D．a(chǎn)ppearance6．Howdoestheauthorsoundinthelastparagraph?A．Humorous.B．Academic.C．Formal. D．Hopeful.7．Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A．Bodymovementschangethewaypeoplethink.B．Howpeopledresshasaninfluenceontheirfeelings.C．Peopledoingdifferentjobsshouldweardifferentclothes.D．Whatpeoplewearcanaffecttheircognitiveperformance.CWhenIwasinfourthgrade,Iworkedpart-timeasapaperboy.Mrs.Stanleywasoneofmycustomers.She’dwatchmecomingdownherstreet,andbythetimeI’dbikeduptoherdoorstep,there’dbeacolddrinkwaiting.I’dsitanddrinkwhileshetalked.Mrs.Stanleytalkedmostlyaboutherdeadhusband,“Mr.StanleyandIwentshoppingthismorning.”she’dsay.Thefirsttimeshesaidthat,soda(汽水)wentupmynose.ItoldmyfatherhowMrs.StanleytalkedasifMr.Stanleywerestillalive.Dadsaidshewasprobablylonely,andthatIoughttositandlistenandnodmyheadandsmile,andmaybeshe’dworkitoutofhersystem.Sothat’swhatIdid,anditturnedoutDadwasright.Afterawhilesheseemedcontenttoleaveherhusbandoveratthecemetery(墓地).Ifinallyquitdeliveringnewspapersanddidn’tseeMrs.Stanleyforseveralyears.Thenwecrossedpathsatachurchfund-raiser(募捐活動).Shewasspooningmashedpotatoesandlookinghappy.Fouryearsbefore,she’dhadtoofferherpaperboyadrinktohavesomeonetotalkwith.Nowshehadfriends.Herhusbandwasgone,butlifewenton.Iliveinthecitynow,andmypaperboyisaladynamedEdnawiththreekids.SheasksmehowI’mdoing.WhenIdon’tsay“fine”,shesticksaroundtohearmyproblems.She’slivedinthecitymostofherlife,butsheknowsaboutcommunity.Communityisn’tsomuchaplaceasitisastateofmind.Youfinditwheneverpeopleaskhowyou’redoingbecausetheycare,andnotbecausethey’regettingpaidtodoso.Sometimesit’sgoodtojustsmile,nodyourheadandlisten.8．Whydidsodagouptheauthor’snoseonetime?A．Hewastalkingfast. B．Hewasshocked.C．Hewasinahurry. D．Hewasabsent-minded.9．WhydidtheauthorsitandlistentoMrs.StanleyaccordingtoParagraph3?A．Heenjoyedthedrink. B．Hewantedtobehelpful.C．Hetookthechancetorest. D．Hetriedtopleasehisdad.10．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedphrase“workitoutofhersystem”?A．recoverfromhersadness B．moveoutoftheneighborhoodC．turntoheroldfriends D．speakoutaboutherpast11．Whatdoestheauthorthinkpeopleinacommunityshoulddo?A．Openuptoothers. B．Dependoneachother.C．Payforother’shelp D．Careaboutoneanother.DPlastic-EatingWormsHumansproducemorethan300milliontonsofplasticeveryyear.Almosthalfofthatwindsupinlandfills(垃圾填埋場),andupto12milliontonspollutetheoceans.Sofarthereisnoeffectivewaytogetridofit,butanewstudysuggestsananswermaylieinthestomachsofsomehungryworms.ResearchersinSpainandEnglandrecentlyfoundthatthewormsofthegreaterwaxmoth（蠟蛾）canbreakdownpolyethylene（聚乙烯）,whichaccountsfor40%ofplastics.Theteamleft100waxwormsonacommercialpolyethyleneshoppingbagfor12hours,andthewormsconsumedandbrokedownabout92milligrams,oralmost3%ofit.Toconfirmthattheworms’chewingalonewasnotresponsibleforthepolyethylenebreakdown,theresearchersmadesomewormsintopaste(糊狀物)andappliedittoplasticfilms（塑料薄膜）.14hourslaterthefilmshadlost13%oftheirmass—apparentlybrokendownbyenzymes(酶)fromtheworms’stomachs.TheirfindingswerepublishedinCurrentBiologyin2017.FedericaBertocchini,co-authorofthestudy,saystheworms’abilitytobreakdowntheireverydayfood—beeswax—alsoallowsthemtobreakdownplastic.＂Waxisacomplexmixture,butthebasicbondinpolyethylene,thecarbon-carbonbond,isthereaswell,＂sheexplains,＂Thewaxwormevolvedamethodorsystemtobreakthisbond.＂JenniferDeBruyn,amicrobiologistattheUniversityofTennessee,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy,saysitisnotsurprisingthatsuchwormscanbreakdownpolyethylene.Butcomparedwithpreviousstudies,shefindsthespeedofbreakingdowninthisoneexciting.Thenextstep,DeBruynsays,willbetoidentifythecauseofthebreakdown.Isitanenzymeproducedbythewormitselforbyitsgutmicrobes(腸道微生物)?Bertocchiniagreesandhopesherteam’sfindingsmightonedayhelpemploytheenzymetobreakdownplasticsinlandfills.Butsheexpectsusingthechemicalinsomekindofindustrialprocess—notsimply＂millionsofwormsthrownontopoftheplastic.＂12．Whatcanwelearnaboutthewormsinthestudy?A．Theytakeplasticsastheireverydayfood.B．Theyarenewlyevolvedcreatures.C．Theycanconsumeplastics.D．Theywindupinlandfills.13．AccordingtoJenniferDeBruyn,thenextstepofthestudyisto.A．identifyothermeansofthebreakdownB．findoutthesourceoftheenzymeC．confirmtheresearchfindingsD．increasethebreakdownspeed14．Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthatthechemicalmight.A．helptoraisewormsB．helpmakeplasticbagsC．beusedtocleantheoceansD．beproducedinfactoriesinfuture15．Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A．Toexplainastudymethodonworms.B．Tointroducethedietofaspecialworm.C．Topresentawaytobreakdownplastics.D．Toproposenewmeanstokeepeco-balance.二、七選五（共5個小題，每題2.5分）HowtoRememberWhatYouReadReadingisimportant.Butthenextstepismakingsurethatyourememberwhatyou’veread!16Youmayhavejustreadthetext,buttheideas,conceptsandimages(形象)mayflyrightoutofyourhead.Hereareafewtricksforrememberingwhatyouread.●Areyouconfused?Iftheplot,characters,orwordusageisconfusingforyou,youlikelywon’tbeabletorememberwhatyouread.17Ifyoudon’tunderstandwhatyou’rereading,howwouldyourememberit?Butthereareafewthingsyoucando...Useadictionary;lookupthedifficultwords.●18Doesacharacterremindyouofafriend?Doesthesettingmakeyouwanttovisittheplace?Doesthebookinspireyou,andmakeyouwanttoreadmore?Withsomebooks,youmayfeelaconnectionrightaway.Butotherbooksrequireabitmoreworkonyourpart.Howwillingareyoutomaketheconnectionshappen?●Readit;hearit;beit!Readthelines.Then,speakthemoutloud.And,putsomecharacterintothewords.Whenhewaswritinghisnovels,CharlesDickenswouldactoutthepartsofthecharacters.He’dmakefacesinthemirror,andchangehisvoiceforeachcharacter.19●Howoftendoyouread?Ifyoureadfrequently,you’lllikelyhaveaneasiertimewithrememberingwhatyou’rereadingandwhatyou’veread.20Asyoumakereadingaregularpartofyourlife,you’llmakemoreconnections,staymorefocusedandunderstandthetextbetter.You’lllearntoenjoyliterature-asyourememberwhatyouread!A．It’sabitlikereadingaforeignlanguage.B．What’syourmotivation?C．Practicemakesperfect.D．Memoryissometimesatrickything.E．Markinghelpsyourememberwhatyouread.F．Youcandothesamethingwhenyouarereadingthetext!G．Areyouconnected?三、完形填空（共15個小題，每題1分，共15分）Twoweeksearlier,myson,Ben,hadgotintouch.He’dmovedtoEnglandwithhismumwhenhewasthreeandithadbeen13yearssinceI’d21seenhim.Soimaginemy22whenheemailedmesayinghewantedtocometovisitme.Iwas23!IarrivedearlyatByronBaywhereweweresupposedtomeet.Thebaywas24insunshine,andtherewasagroupofkayakersaround150mofftheshore.Gettingalittle25,Irealizedonekayak(皮劃艇)wasintrouble.“Something’snot26!”ItookoffmyT-shirtand27intothewater.Isawthereweretwoinstructorsonboardandamanlyingacrossthemiddle.Hewas28violently.Linkingarmswithoneoftheinstructors,Ihelpedcarrytheyoungmanoutofthewater.HewasunconsciousandasIlookedathisface,something29tome.Thosebrowneyeswerevery30.“What’shisname?”Iaskedtheinstructor.“Ben,”hereplied,andimmediatelyIknew.Thatstrangerwasmyson!Theinstructorscalledforanambulance.31,afterabriefstayinhospital,Benwaswellenoughtobeallowedto32andlaterthefamilymetupfordinner.WechattedabouteverythingandthenBenturnedtome.“Ijustwanttosaythankyou,”hesaid.“You33mylife!”Istillcan’tbelievewhata34itwas.I’mjustsogladIwasthere35tohelpmyson.21．A．a(chǎn)lso B．often C．even D．last22．A．delight B．relief C．a(chǎn)nger D．worry23．A．scared B．shocked C．thrilled D．a(chǎn)shamed24．A．bathed B．clean C．deep D．formed25．A．faster B．closer C．heavier D．wiser26．A．real B．right C．fair D．fit27．A．stared B．sank C．dived D．fell28．A．a(chǎn)rguing B．fighting C．shouting D．shaking29．A．happened B．occurred C．a(chǎn)pplied D．a(chǎn)ppealed30．A．sharp B．pleasant C．a(chǎn)ttractive D．familiar31．A．Fortunately B．Frankly C．Sadly D．Suddenly32．A．return B．relax C．speak D．leave33．A．created B．honored C．saved D．guided34．A．coincidence B．change C．pity D．pain35．A．onboard B．intime C．forsure D．onpurpose四、語法填空（共10小題;每小題1.5分,共15分）EasyWaystoBuildVocabularyIt'snotallthathardtobuildanadvancedandlargevocabulary.Likemanythingsinlife,it's36ongoingprocess,andthebestpartoftheprocessisthatthere'senoughroomforimprovement,37meansyou'lljustkeepgettingbetterandbetter.Ofcourseyouhavetoworkatit.Youwouldn'tthinkthatafew38(month)ofexerciseinyourteenswouldbeenough39therestofyourlife,andthat'salsotrueforbuildingyourvocabulary--youhavetokeepatitdaily,andprettysoonyouwillfindthatyouhaveanexcellentvocabulary.Oneofthe40(effect)waystobuildvocabularyistoreadgoodbooks.Youneedto41(real)readatleastonegoodbookaweek,preferablyaclassic.Thisisn'tashardasit42(sound),anditisfarbetterthananyothermethodbecauseyouimproveyourvocabularywhile43(read)aninterestingpieceofliterature.Anothernicethingisthatyoulearnbothnewwordsand44(they)useunconsciously,meaningthatyouwilltendtousethewords45(learn)thiswayinconversationsalmostautomatically.五、單句語法填空：（共10小題;每小題2分,共20分）46.Without_______________(hesitate),Idecidedtofollowthemandwedidhavelotsoffunthatday.47.Writeapoemabouthowcourage,________________(determine)andstrengthhavehelpedyoufacechallengesinyourlife.48.________________(admit)toBritishuniversitiesdependsonexaminationresults.49.Wereceivedanumberof______________(complain)fromcustomersaboutthelackofparkingfacilities.50.Aftermanyyearsofhardwork,theyfinallyachievedtheir______________(origin)goal.51.ItisthefirsttimethatI_____________(visit)yourbeautifulcity.52.WhenIreturnedtoLondonin2004,Ifoundmyself__________(wander)downtoSouthbank.53._____________(inspire)bywhathadbecomesatrulyglobalevent,CoubertindesignedthesymboloftheOlympicGames:theOlympicrings.54.Avisually-challengedmanfromBeijingrecentlyhiked40daystoXi’an,asafirststep_____________(journey)theBeltandRoadroutebyfoot.55.I_____________(be)athisbedsidesincehebecameill.參考答案及解析：1．B2．C3．B4．D【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文?；厥绽每纱蟠蠊?jié)約資源，文章用養(yǎng)貓喂食的例子肯定循環(huán)經(jīng)濟的價值所在。1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段BuckminsterFuller說的話“Pollutionisnothingbuttheresources(資源)wearenotharvesting.Weallowthemtobeleftaroundbecausewe’vebeenignorantoftheirvalue.(污染不過是我們沒有收獲的資源。我們允許它們留在身邊，因為我們忽視了它們的價值)”可知，BuckminsterFuller認為污染是尚未被使用的資源。故選B項。2．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Butinall,only150canswillbeusedupoverthecat’slifetime—andwe’llstillhave100leftoverforthenextcat.(但在這只貓的一生中，總共只有150罐會被用完——我們還會剩下100罐留給下一只貓)”可知，循環(huán)經(jīng)濟下，要養(yǎng)活一只存活15年的貓需要用掉150個罐。故選C項。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，結(jié)合第一段中“Thereareenergysavingstobemadefromallrecyclablematerials,sometimeshugesavings.(所有可回收材料都可以節(jié)省能源，有時還能節(jié)省大量能源)”可知，文章首先提出回收利用可大大節(jié)約資源，并引用養(yǎng)貓喂食的例子肯定循環(huán)經(jīng)濟的價值所在，用數(shù)字對比了循環(huán)經(jīng)濟和一次性經(jīng)濟消耗資源的不同結(jié)果，所以作者旨在推廣回收利用的理念。故選B項。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，本文主要講述回收利用可大大節(jié)約資源，并引用養(yǎng)貓喂食的例子肯定循環(huán)經(jīng)濟的價值所在，不可能出自小說或報紙的運動專欄，應(yīng)是出自雜志。故選D項。5．B6．A7．D【分析】這是一篇說明文。本文講述了Adam和Galinsky所做的一個關(guān)于穿著白大褂人們注意力的實驗。實驗顯示，穿白大褂的人表現(xiàn)更為出色，他們的錯誤率是穿普通衣服的人的一半。最終得出結(jié)論：著裝影響人的認知表現(xiàn)。5．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的AdamandGalinskytestedtheeffectofsimplywearingawhitelabcoatonpeople'spowersofattention.(Adam和Galinsky測試了簡單地穿著白大褂對人們注意力的影響)及第四段Indeed,theymadeonlyhalfasmanyerrorsasthosewearingtheirownclothesontheStroopTest(onewayofmeasuringattention).(事實上，他們犯的錯誤只有那些穿著自己衣服的人的一半（一種測量注意力的方法）。)可知，Adam和Galinsky的實驗是測試著裝對人們注意力的影響。B.attention(注意力)符合以上說法，故選B項。6．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段FromnowonIwillonlybeeditingarticlesforPsyBlogwhilewearingawhitecoattohelpkeepthetypingerrorcountlow.HopefullyyouwillbedoingyourpartbyreadingPsyBloginacapandgown(學(xué)位服).可知，作者在講述著裝影響人的認知表現(xiàn)這一理論后說自己以后要穿白大褂上班編輯文章，以減少打字錯誤。他希望讀者也能帶上學(xué)士帽、穿上學(xué)位服閱讀PsyBlog的文章。由此推斷，作者是用一種幽默的語氣調(diào)侃著裝認知理論。A.Humorous.(幽默的)符合以上說法，故選A項。7．主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章的主要內(nèi)容，尤其第二段的butcantheclothesactuallychangecognitiveperformanceorisitjustafeeling(但是，衣服真的能改變認知表現(xiàn)嗎?還是只是一種感覺)及下文所做的實驗可知，本文主要講述著裝對人認知表現(xiàn)的影響。D.Whatpeoplewearcanaffecttheircognitiveperformance.(著裝對人認知表現(xiàn)的影響)符合以上說法，故選D項。8．B9．B10．A11．D【分析】這是一篇記敘文。本文講述的是作者曾經(jīng)是一個報童，他聽從父親的建議，關(guān)心一位喪偶的顧客Mrs.Stanley，每次去Mrs.Stanley家送報都會停留一會兒傾聽她的故事。而作者多年后又被自家的報童關(guān)心著。由此作者感悟到社區(qū)鄰里之間應(yīng)多互相關(guān)心。8．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中Mrs.Stanleytalkedmostlyaboutherdeadhusband,“Mr.StanleyandIwentshoppingthismorning,”she’dsay.Thefirsttimeshesaidthat,soda(汽水)wentupmynose.可推測，作者第一次聽到Mrs.Stanley一直談死去的丈夫時，汽水喝嗆了，可以推斷出作者當(dāng)時極為震驚的。故選B。9．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中Dadsaidshewasprobablylonely,andthatIoughttositandlistenandnodmyheadandsmile可知，爸爸說她很孤獨，作者應(yīng)該傾聽她說話，并點頭微笑，因此推斷作者傾聽Mrs.Stanley說話是為了消除她的孤獨，對她有幫助。故選B。10．短語猜測題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句Afterawhilesheseemedcontenttoleaveherhusbandoveratthecemetery(墓地).可知，Mrs.Stanley看來已從失去丈夫的悲痛中走了出來，說明畫線部分描述的是：她可能“消除自己的悲傷情緒，從悲傷中走出來了”。故選A。11．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Youfinditwheneverpeopleaskhowyou’redoingbecausetheycare,以及作者的經(jīng)歷，作者想要表明的觀點是社區(qū)鄰里間應(yīng)該互相關(guān)心。故選D。12．C13．B14．D15．C【分析】本文為說明文。文章介紹了一種吃塑料的蟲子大蠟螟，它胃中的酶能夠降解塑料，這為解決塑料污染提供了新的途徑。12．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段FedericaBertocchini,co-authorofthestudy,saystheworms’abilitytobreakdowntheireverydayfood—beeswax—alsoallowsthemtobreakdownplastic.可知，研究結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)，蠕蟲分解日常食物的能力讓它們可以分解塑料，也就是說它們可以消費塑料。故選C。13．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段Thenextstep,DeBruynsays,willbetoidentifythecauseofthebreakdown.Isitanenzymeproducedbythewormitselforbyitsgutmicrobes(腸道微生物)?可知，下一步研究是辨清分解的原因，查明這種酶來源于哪里，是蟲子自己產(chǎn)生的還是它腸道里的微生物產(chǎn)生的。故選B。14．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段Butsheexpectsusingthechemicalinsomekindofindustrialprocess—notsimply＂millionsofwormsthrownontopoftheplastic.＂可以推斷出，Bertocchini希望這種化學(xué)物質(zhì)將來能在工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中使用，而不是僅僅依靠蠕蟲來分解塑料。故選D。15．寫作意圖題。根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句Sofarthereisnoeffectivewaytogetridofit,butanewstudysuggestsananswermaylieinthestomachsofsomehungryworms.可知，有一種新的方法被用于分解塑料。再根據(jù)最后一段最后一句Butsheexpectsusingthechemicalinsomekindofindustrialprocess—notsimply＂millionsofwormsthrownontopoftheplastic.＂可知，Bertocchini希望將這種方法推廣到工業(yè)中。由此可以推知寫作意圖為介紹一種分解塑料的方法。故選C。點睛：根據(jù)不同文體，推斷目的意圖。不同的文章可能有不同的寫作目的，通常作者的寫作目的有以下三種：1)toentertainreaders（娛樂讀者，讓人發(fā)笑），常見于故事類的文章。2)topersuadereaders（說服讀者接受某種觀點），常見于廣告類的文章。3)toinformreaders（告知讀者某些信息），多見于科普類﹑新聞報道類﹑文化類或社會類的文章。閱讀時要善于根據(jù)文章的文體來學(xué)會推斷作者的情感態(tài)度和目的。本題的最后一題為寫作意圖題。文章為說明文，主要介紹了一項新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)蠕蟲可以分解塑料。因此可以推著寫作意圖是告知、告訴讀者一種新的分解塑料的方法。16．D17．A18．G19．F20．C【導(dǎo)語】本文為說明文。文章介紹了幾種方法來幫助讀者記憶閱讀過的內(nèi)容，包括掃清生詞障礙，將所讀到的內(nèi)容與已有知識建立聯(lián)系，把自己置身于情節(jié)之中和經(jīng)常性閱讀。16．根據(jù)下文“Youmayhavejustreadthetext,buttheideas,conceptsandimages(形象)mayflyrightoutofyourhead.(你可能剛剛讀過某篇文章，但卻對文章所傳達的思想，概念以及形象等一片茫然)”可知，有時候我們會忘記剛剛閱讀過的東西。由此可知，記憶是件很難對付的事情。D項“Memoryissometimesatrickything.(記憶有時是一件棘手的事情)”符合題意。故選D。17．根據(jù)上文“Iftheplot,characters,orwordusageisconfusingforyou,youlikelywon’tbeabletorememberwhatyouread.(如果情節(jié)、人物或詞的用法讓你感到困惑，你可能無法記住你所讀的內(nèi)容)”結(jié)合本段小標(biāo)題“●Areyouconfused?(你困惑嗎？)”推知，空處內(nèi)容也應(yīng)與困惑相關(guān)。A項“It’sabitlikereadingaforeignlanguage.(這種感覺就像是在讀外語)”符合題意，選項中的it指代上文內(nèi)容。故選A。18．空處為本段小標(biāo)題。根據(jù)下文“Doesacharacterremindyouofafriend?Doesthesettingmakeyouwanttovisittheplace?Doesthebookinspireyou,andmakeyouwanttoreadmore?Withsomebooks,youmayfeelaconnectionrightaway.

(角色會讓你想起朋友嗎?那里的環(huán)境是否讓你想去參觀那個地方?這本書是否激勵了你，讓你想讀更多的書?讀一些書，你可能會馬上感覺到一種聯(lián)系)”可知，本段主要提供我們是否把自己和書中的人物、情節(jié)或環(huán)境聯(lián)系起來。G項“Areyouconnected?(你聯(lián)系了嗎？)”可以作為小標(biāo)題，connected呼應(yīng)下文的connection。故選G。19．空處位于段末應(yīng)承接上文。根據(jù)上文“Whenhewaswritinghisnovels,CharlesDickenswouldactoutthepartsofthecharacters.He’dmakefacesinthemirror,andchangehisvoiceforeachcharacter.

(查爾斯·狄更斯在寫小說時，會把人物的各個部分表演出來。他會對著鏡子做鬼臉，為每個角色換聲音)”結(jié)合本段小標(biāo)題“●Readit;hearit;beit!(閱讀它；傾聽它；成為它！)”推知，我們也可以像狄更斯一樣，把閱讀到的角色表演出來。F項“Youcandothesamethingwhenyouarereadingthetext!(你在閱讀文本的時候也可以這樣做!)”符合題意。故選F。20．根據(jù)上文“Ifyoureadfrequently,you’lllikelyhaveaneasiertimewithrememberingwhatyou’rereadingandwhatyou’veread.(如果你經(jīng)常閱讀，你可能會更容易記住你正在閱讀和讀過的內(nèi)容)”可知，經(jīng)常閱讀更有可能會記得讀過的內(nèi)容。由此可知，熟能生巧。C項“Practicemakesperfect.(熟能生巧)”符合題意。故選C。21．D22．A23．C24．A25．B26．B27．C28．D29．B30．D31．A32．D33．C34．A35．B【分析】這是一篇記敘文。講述了作者13年后和兒子見面的情景。在和兒子見面的地點，作者救了一個年輕人，沒有想到的是，年輕人竟然是自己13年未見的兒子。21．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他三歲時隨母親移居英國，自我上次見他已經(jīng)過去了13年。A.also也；B.often經(jīng)常；C.even甚至；D.last上一次。根據(jù)“ithadbeen13yearssince”可知，兒子在三歲的時候離開，到現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)13年了。由此可以暗示出是上一次見面。故選D。22．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：所以想象一下當(dāng)他給我發(fā)郵件說他想來看我的時候我有多高興。A.delight高興，愉快；B.relief（痛苦憂慮等的）解除，減輕；C.anger怒，忿怒；D.worry擔(dān)心。根據(jù)后文的“whenheemailedmesayinghewantedtocometovisitme”可知，13年沒有見到自己的兒子，突然收到兒子的電子郵件，并且說要來看自己。由此可以推知，我很快樂、開心。故選A。23．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我很激動！A.scared驚恐的；B.shocked震驚的；C.thrilled欣喜若狂的；D.ashamed慚愧的。根據(jù)第一段“heemailedmesayinghewantedtocometovisitme”可知，作者13年沒有見到自己的兒子，突然收到兒子要來拜訪自己的電子郵件，作者肯定是欣喜若狂。故選C。24．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：海灣沐浴在陽光下，離海岸約150米的地方有一群皮劃艇愛好者。A.bathed沐??；B.clean清掃；C.deep深處；D.formed形成。根據(jù)下文的“insunshine”可知，早晨海灣應(yīng)該是沐浴在陽光下。故選A。25．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：走近一點，我意識到有一只皮艇出了問題。A.faster迅速的；B.closer靠近，逼近(其他船只等)；C.heavier重的，沉重的；D.wiser有智慧的，聰明的。根據(jù)常識和下文兒子出現(xiàn)意外情況可知，只有離的比較近一點，才能意識到一只皮劃艇出現(xiàn)意外。故選B。26．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“有的事情不對勁！”A.real真實的；B.right正確的，正常的；C.fair公平的；D.fit合適的。根據(jù)上文皮劃艇處于麻煩之中可知，有的事情不對勁。故選B。27．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我脫下t恤跳進水里。A.stared盯著看，目不轉(zhuǎn)睛地看，凝視；B.sank下沉，沉沒；C.dived潛水，跳水；D.fell打倒，擊倒。根據(jù)上文“onekayak(皮劃艇)wasintrouble”皮劃艇有麻煩和下文我去幫忙救人可知，我脫掉我的T恤衫，跳入水中。故選C。28．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他劇烈地發(fā)抖。A.arguing爭論，辯論；B.fighting打架；C.shouting呼喊；D.shaking搖動。根據(jù)上文“amanlyingacrossthemiddle”和下文“Hewasunconscious”可知，應(yīng)該是劇烈的顫抖。故選D。29．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他失去了知覺，當(dāng)我看著他的臉時，我想起了一件事。A.happened發(fā)生；B.occurred發(fā)生；C.applied應(yīng)用；D.appealed吸引。occur跟to短語時，表示“想到”，而不是“發(fā)生”，happen后接不定式，是“碰巧”的意思。根據(jù)后文的“Thosebrowneyeswerevery”可知，當(dāng)我看著他的臉時，我想到了一些事情。故選B。30．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：那雙棕色的眼睛很眼熟。A.sharp銳利的，鋒利的；B.pleasant愉快的，快樂的，舒適的；C.attractive有吸引力的，引人注目的；D.familiar親密的，熟悉的。根據(jù)下文，“What’shisname?”可知，他棕色的眼睛對我來說是很熟悉的。故選D。31．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運的是，在醫(yī)院呆了一段時間后，本已經(jīng)康復(fù)，可以出院了，后來全家人聚在一起吃晚飯。A.Fortunately幸運地，僥幸地；B.Frankly率直地，坦白地，真誠地；C.Sadk悲哀地，悲傷地；D.Suddenly突然地，忽然地。根據(jù)空后句子“afterabriefstayinhospital,Benwaswellenoughtobeallowedto”可知，在醫(yī)院呆了一段時間后，本已經(jīng)康復(fù)，可以出院了，這是幸運