The-way-to-rainy-mountain-教案補(bǔ)充(導(dǎo)入)

PAGEPAGE8ThewaytorainymountainPartOneRainyMountainisaroundedhillstandingnorthwestapartfromthemain\o"WichitaMountains"WichitaMountainsin\o"KiowaCounty,Oklahoma"KiowaCounty,Oklahoma.ItwasaprominentlandmarkforthePlainsIndiansonthesouthernplains.PartTwoObjectivesforstudyingIndian’sbackground+Kiowa’shistoryⅠ.AmericanIndian’sHistory25,400yearsagoSomeMongoliantribestraveledacrossBeringStrait,scatteredaroundAmerica.Theyregardedallthelifestyleinthenatureasholywithspirits,thusinitiatingvariousreligionsandculturalstyles.BeringStrait:AnarrowstretchofwaterseparatingAlaskafromSiberia西伯利亞[sai'biri]andconnectingtheArcticOcean北冰洋withtheBeringSea.ItisbelievedthatduringprehistorictimesthestraitformedalandbridgebywhichtheoriginalinhabitantsofNorthAmericaarrivedfromAsia.

Examples:Maya,Inca,Aztaka圖Mayaprophecy:AccordingtotheMayacalendar,therehavebeenfourSunsthroughouthistoryandtheendingofeverySunhasbeenpunctuatedbyacataclysm['k?t?,kl?z?m]任何劇烈之變動(dòng)(如戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、革命等)andcollapseofcivilization.Accordingtothiscalendar,thecurrentSunisscheduledtoendonDecember23,2012.Is2012goingtobethe"EndofTheWorld?"2012isnotbringingtheendoftheplanet.Whenwecontemplatetheexpression“endoftheworld”letusrealizetheterm“world”canrefertoacycle,aperiodoftime,aworldageera.Therefore2012issignalingthecompletionofoneworldagecycle,transittingintoaemergingNewWorldAgetocome.Inca印加人結(jié)繩記事(keeprecordsbytyingknots(inprimitivetimesbeforetheinventionofwriting)Aztaka阿茲特克人（活人祭臺(tái)）(livingaltar)Ⅱ.Kiowas(onetribeofAmericanIndian)(othertribes:Araphaho阿拉巴荷Cheyenne夏安Comanches卡曼其族Crow克勞Sioux蘇)(note)(圖)17th:WestMon178th:southeastoftheYellowstoneBlackHillsWichitamountainswithComanches.1868:forcedtoareservationbythewhite.1874:warfarewiththewhite,butfailed.Now:reservationinOklahoma.(picture)(kiowas-kiowas’home)PartThreeThebookandTheauthorⅠ.TheWaytoRainyMountain(1969)isabookby\o"PulitzerPrize"PulitzerPrizewinningauthor\o"N.ScottMomaday"N.ScottMomaday.ItisaboutthejourneyofMomaday's\o"Kiowa"Kiowaancestorsfromtheirancientbeginningsinthe\o"Montana"Montanaareatotheirfinalwarandsurrendertothe\o"UnitedStatesCavalry"UnitedStatesCavalryat\o"FortSill"FortSill,andsubsequentresettlementnear\o"RainyMountain"RainyMountain,\o"Oklahoma"Oklahoma.TheWaytoRainyMountainbyN.ScottMomaday,auniqueblendof\o"History"history,folklore,andpoetic\o"Memoir"memoir,waspublishedin1969.IttakesthereaderthroughauthorN.ScottMomaday’sownjourneyofdiscoveringhisKiowabackgroundandidentity.The“Way”ToRainyMountain:AReviewofaHistoricalReconstructionInhisbook,thewaytorainymountain,ScottMomadayconstructedauniqueplatformfromwhichtoviewtheculturalhistoryoftheKiowaIndians.ItisaplatformthatreflectsMomaday’sownbackground,senseofpurposeandsubsequentapproachtothesubject.MomadayisaKiowaIndianbybirth,andyethewaseducatedformallyinthemainstreamAmericancultureofthe1950sand60s.Furthermore,Momadayisnotahistorian,thatis,hewasnottrainedintheprofession,rather,heisaliteraryartistandaprofessorofEnglish.Withafewunexpectedtwistsandturns,MomadayutilizessourcesfromboththeKiowaandthedominantculture,aswellashisownmemory,imaginationandthetoolsofhistrade,toreconstructhisownancestralheritage.ForMomaday,the“way”toRainyMountainnotonlyrepresentstheactualmigrationoftheKiowa,andthedevelopmentoftheirculture,butalsohisownpersonaljourneyofretrieval.[rTheKiowamythsrevealthefoundationsforaculturalvaluesystem:onebasedonreverenceforthesun,thehorseandthebuffalo(allfundamentalelementsrequiredtosustaintheirlives)Momadaypresentedapersonalvisionrelyinglargelyonhismemoryandonhisimagination.Manyofhismemoriesareofhisgrandparentsandofhisplayfullifeasachild.Mostofhisimages,however,areoftheenvironmentitself:theland,thewildlifeandtheweather.Ⅱ.TheauthorBirthplaceparentsandbloodeducationachievementsReceivingtheNationalMedalofArtsfromGeorgeW.Bushin2007.ThebookdividedintothreepartsThesettingout,consistingofearlyKiowalegendsandanthropologicalstudiesontheKiowapeopleThegoingon,continuingwiththemeofKiowamythology,andoriginsofTai-meandtheSunDanceRitualTheclosingin,describingtheendofKiowagoldenageandthedeathofKiowaculture.StructureofthetextPara1.lyricaldescriptionoftheauthor’ParaParaPara4:migrationfromwesternMontanatowardssouther