2023學(xué)年完整公開(kāi)課版定語(yǔ)從句（三）

GrammarandusageNon-restrictiveattributiveclauses非限制性定語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞：who,whom,that,whose,which,as,when,wherewhy。as

引導(dǎo)的限制性定語(yǔ)從句常用于以下結(jié)構(gòu)：thesame…as…such…as…as…as….so…as…Don’treadsuchbooks

asyoucan’tunderstand.不要讀那些你讀不懂的書。Heboughtsuchabook

asIhave.YoushoulddoitthesamewayasIdid.Youcanbuyasmanythings

as

youneed.Tomissocleveraboyaswealllike.1).Thisissuchaninterestingbook____wealllike.2).Thisissointerestingabook_____wealllike.Thisissuchaninterestingbook____wealllikeit.Thisissointerestingabook____wealllikeit.asthatasthat這是大家都喜歡的如此有趣的一本書。(定語(yǔ)從句)這本書如此有趣，大家都喜歡。(結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句)as3)Thisisthesamebook___

Ihave.1.Ihaveasisterwhoworksinahospital.

我有一位在醫(yī)院工作的姐姐。2.Ihaveasister,whoworksinahospital.我有一位姐姐，她在醫(yī)院工作。（不只一位姐姐）（只有一位姐姐）3.Allthemagazinesherewhichhavebeautifulpicturesinthemwerewrittenbyhim.里面有漂亮圖畫的那些雜志是他寫的。4.Allthemagazineshere,whichhavebeautifulpicturesinthem,werewrittenbyhim.所有的雜志都是他寫的，里面都有漂亮的圖畫。（雜志有帶圖畫和不帶圖畫兩類）（雜志只有一種）Comparison(比較）5Ihavelostthepen（which）Ilikeverymuch.

（暗示不止一支）6Ihavelostthepen,whichIlikeverymuch.

（暗示只有一支鋼筆）

判斷：

HisfatherwhoisinBeijingwillreturntoYanchengnextweek.

Hisfather,whoisinBeijing,willreturntoYanchengnextweek.×Conclusion:

（一）限制性定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞之間不用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)；而非限制性定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞之間一般用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。Mycousinwhosefatherisateacherwantstobeanactor.Mycousin,whosefatherisateacher,wantstobeanactor.（二）限制性定語(yǔ)從句和先行詞關(guān)系密切，如果去掉從句，剩余部分意義不完整；而非限制性定語(yǔ)從句只是先行詞的附加說(shuō)明，如果去掉從句，意義仍然完整。Thisisthemanwhogavemethemoney．這就是給我錢的那個(gè)人。上句如刪去從句whogavemethemoney，則成了Thisistheman．（這是那個(gè)人。）完全失去了整個(gè)句子的意思，因而不能刪掉。WangDong，whoisintheroom，wantstoaskyousomequestions．王東，他在房間里，想問(wèn)你幾個(gè)問(wèn)題上述主句是WangDongwantstoaskyousomequestions，如果刪去從句（whoisintheroom），并不影響整個(gè)句子基本意思的表達(dá)。

關(guān)系代詞：which/who/whom/whose/as關(guān)系副詞：when/where(非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中不用關(guān)系代詞that,why；非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系詞不能省略)（三）非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中通常使用下列關(guān)系代詞和副詞（四）在意思上，有時(shí)限定性和非限定性定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別也是較大的。如：Intheirclass，therearefifteenstudentswhocanspeakEnglishwell．在他們班上有十五位英語(yǔ)說(shuō)得好的學(xué)生。（可以看出他們班學(xué)生要多于十五位）Intheirclass，therearefifteenstudents，whocanspeakEnglishwell.他們班上有十五位學(xué)生,他們英語(yǔ)說(shuō)得很好。（可以看出他們班上共有十五名學(xué)生，他們英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)都好。）（限定性定語(yǔ)從句）(非限定性定語(yǔ)從句）限制性定語(yǔ)從句與非限制性定語(yǔ)從句:限制性定語(yǔ)從句非限制性定語(yǔ)從句和先行詞關(guān)系密切（刪去影響整個(gè)意思表達(dá)）和先行詞關(guān)系不密切（一種補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，刪去不影響全句意思的表達(dá)）不用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)一般用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)可用關(guān)系代詞that,why不可用關(guān)系代詞that,why關(guān)系代詞可省略（但在從句中作賓語(yǔ)）關(guān)系代詞不可以省略只可修飾先行詞，不可以修飾主句或主句的一部分除修飾先行詞還可以修飾整個(gè)主句或主句的一部分

翻譯時(shí)先翻譯從句在翻譯主句翻譯時(shí)先譯主句再譯從句考點(diǎn)Ⅰ

as和which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,指代整個(gè)主句。1.Aseveryoneknows,

Chinaisacountrywithalonghistory.

眾所周知，中國(guó)是一個(gè)歷史悠久的國(guó)家。2.Heinvitedmetodinner,whichmademeveryhappy.

他請(qǐng)我吃飯，這使我很高興。3.She’sateacher,asisclearfromhermanner.

她是個(gè)教師,這一點(diǎn)從她的舉止可以清楚地看出。

as和which

在引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，as和which可代替整個(gè)主句，相當(dāng)于andthis或andthat。這兩個(gè)關(guān)系代詞都可指代主句所表達(dá)的整個(gè)意思，且在定語(yǔ)從句中都可以作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。非限制性定語(yǔ)從句考點(diǎn)：

as和which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的不同之處在于：as引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句位置靈活,

而which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句只能放于逗號(hào)后面。

Johnisafamouswriter,aseverybodyknows.

Aseverybodyknows,Johnisafamouswriter.John,aseverybodyknows,isafamouswriter.Hemissedtheshow,whichmadehimfeelsad.

(2)

as引導(dǎo)非限制性從句,常帶有“正如”的意思，有時(shí)不必譯出。asweallknow大家都知道，眾所周知asIcanremember正如我所記得地asweallcansee正如我們都能看到的那樣asoftenhappens這經(jīng)常發(fā)生asweexpect正如我們預(yù)料的那樣asiswellknown眾所周知asisexpected正如預(yù)料的那樣ascanbeseen看得出來(lái)ashasbeensaidbefore如前所述Theearthisround.___isknowntoall.Theearthisround,________isknowntoall._____isknowntoall,theearthisround.___isknowntoall_____theearthisround._____isknowntoallis____theearthisround.Itwhich/asAsIt定語(yǔ)從句在句首時(shí)只能用asit為形式主語(yǔ),that引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句thatWhatthatwhat引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句,that引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句考點(diǎn)Ⅱ：非限制性定語(yǔ)從句和單句的比較2.Hefailedintheexam.

_______madehisparentsangry.3.Hefailedintheexam,___________madehisparentsangry.4.Hehastwosons.Bothof___________

areteachers.5.Hehastwosons,bothof___________areteachers.This/Itwhichthemwhomthemthat1.IamreadingHarryPorter,______isaninterestingbook.which

×whom××考點(diǎn)Ⅲ

定語(yǔ)從句的主謂一致：

試對(duì)比：Iboughtabookyesterday.Itwasveryinteresting．＝ThebookwhichIboughtyesterday______veryinteresting．Iboughtsomebooksyesterday．Theywereveryinteresting．＝ThebookswhichIboughtyesterday_____veryinteresting．定語(yǔ)從句中如果關(guān)系代詞作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與關(guān)系代詞的數(shù)即先行詞的數(shù)保持一致。waswereHeisoneofthestudentswho_____praisedbytheteacher.Heisthe(only)oneofthestudentswho____praisedbytheteacher.werewas考點(diǎn)Ⅳall/some/one

/both

/neither

/none

/any

/either

of+whom/which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句Examples:Hehastoldusmanystories,allofwhich

areaboutthefamousLongMarch.2.ThestudentsofClass1,someofwhom

camefromJapan,wentcampingyesterday.Exercises:Iamdoingdifferenttypesofexercises,allof______

arequitehelpfultomyhealth.2.Manypeople,someof______

arenotoverweight,aregoingondiets.3.Thereare54studentsinmyclass,threeof_______

comefromUS.whichwhomwhom

PracticeAlicereceivedaninvitationfromherboss,_____cameasasurprise.2.___isexpected,theEnglandteamwonthefootballmatch.Aswhich3.Itrainedhardyesterday,_____preventedmefromgoingtothepark.4.___wecansee,thesmokecamefromthelittledustbin.5.___wecansee,thesmokecamefromthelittledustbin.whichAsAs3.Halfamillionpairsofshoesareproducedbytheworkershereeveryyear,80%ofwhomaresoldabroad.4.Ihavemanyfriendsinthistown,someofwhicharebusinessman.5.Iamdoingdifferenttypesofexercises,allofthemarequitehelpfultomyhealth.whichwhich或all前加andwhom1.Manystudentsinthisschool,someofwhicharenotoverweight,aregoingondiets.2.Thereare54studentsinmyclassandtenofwhomcomefromUS.whomthemPartA,Page48Amy,whoisZhouLing’sfriend,isanactress.2.Thedoctorsatthehospital,whereAmyspentabouttwomonths,triedtheirbesttosaveAmy課本練習(xí)3.Amyeatslotsoffruitandvegetables,allofwhicharegoodforherhealth.4.Amysometimesgoesforawalkintheafternoon,whenitisfineandwarm.5.Myuncle,whomItoldyouaboutyesterday/aboutwhomItoldyouyesterday,isanengineerandisworkinginBeijing.6.Mike,whosehobbyistravelling,hasdecidedtovisittheGreatWallnextmonth.P49,PartB課本練習(xí)who(2)where(3)which(4)which(5)which(6)which(7)whose(8)when(9)who(10)who1.Hetalkedhappilyaboutthemenandbook_____interestedhimgreatlyintheschool.A.thatB.whenC.whoD.which2.Canyoulendmethebook____theotherday?A.whichyoutalkedB.thatyoutalkedC.aboutthatyoutalkedD.youtalkedaboutAD3.Is___someAmericanfriendsvisitedlastweek?A.thisschoolwhereB.thisschooloneC.thistheschoolD.thisschool4.I’llshowyouastore___youmaybuyall___youneed.A.that,thatB.which,thatC.where,whichD.inwhich,/5.Aliaskedthepolice____heworkedtocontact(聯(lián)系)himwhenevertherewasanaccident.A.withhimB.whoC.withwhomD.whomCDC7.Thepaper____bambooismadeisespeciallyfine.A.whichB.intowhichC.ofwhichD.fromwhich8.It’simpossibleforustoheareverything___isgoingonintheworld.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.where9.Isthisthereason___atthemeetingforhiscarelessnessinhiswork?A.heexplainedB.whatheexplainedC.howheexplainedD.whyheexplainedBCAexplainsth(tosb)=explain(tosb.)sth10.Thefamousbasketballstar,____triedtomakeacomeback,attractedalotofattention.A.whereB.whenC.whichD.who11.Beijinggovernmentputsover700millonyuantoincreaseitsgreenspace,_____doubles(雙倍)themoneyprovidedlastyear.A.asB.whileC.thatD.which19.Helenismuchmorekindtoheryoungestchildthantotheothers,_____ofcourse,makestheothersunhappy.A.whoB.whichC.sheD.thatDDB20.Thewrongyou’vedonehimisterrible,for___youshouldmakeanapologyt0him,A.thisB.whichC.whatD.that21.Theoldlady,____hadbeenkilledinthewar,wasgivenhelpbythelocalgovernment.A.allherchildrenB.allofherchildrenC.allofwhosechildrenD.whoseallchildren22.Thefavouriteroomisthetidystudywithafireplace,_____wecanwatchTVandenjoythenicesceneryoutside.A.whereB.whenC.thatD.whichBCAQuizI:Multiplechoice.Iwalkedinourgarden,______TomandJimweretyingabigsignontooneofthetrees. A.which B.when C.where D.that1.Jimpassedthedrivingtest,_____surprisedeverybodyintheoffice.A.whichB.thatC.thisD.it2.

Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthatschool.Itisnolongerwhatitwas20yearsago,______itwassopoorlyequipped. A.whenB.which C.whatD.that3.Theroadconditionsthereturnedouttobeverygood,_______wasmorethanwecouldexpect.A.itB.whatC.whichD.that

4.Lastweek,onlytwopeoplecametolookatthehouse,_______wantedtobuyit.A.noneofthemB.bothofthemC.noneofwhomD.neitherofwhom7.

Itisreportedthattwoschools,________arebeingbuiltinmyhometown,willopennextyear.A.theybothB.whichboth C.bothofthem D.bothofwhich

8.3.Amyeatslotsoffruitandvegetables,allofwhicharegoodforherhealth.4.Amysometimesgoesforawalkintheafternoon,whenitisfineandwarm.5.Myuncle,whomItoldyouaboutyesterday/aboutwhomItoldyouyesterday,isanengineerandisworkinginBeijing.6.Mike,whosehobbyistravelling,hasdecidedtovisittheGreatWallnextmonth.AttributiveClausesExercisesQuizI:Multiplechoice.Iwalkedinourgarden,______TomandJimweretyingabigsignontooneofthetrees. A.which B.when C.where D.that1.Jimpassedthedrivingtest,_____surprisedeverybodyintheoffice.A.whichB.thatC.thisD.it2.

Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthatschool.Itisnolongerwhatitwas20yearsago,______itwassopoorlyequipped. A.whenB.which C.whatD.that3.Theroadconditionsthereturnedouttobeverygood,