大學(xué)英語綜合教程Unit5 How to Be True to Yourself

AnIntegratedEnglishCourseBook1

Unit112021/5/91DenisWaitleyText1HowtoBeTruetoYourself?2021/5/92Pre-readingActivity

Filmepisode1PinocchioQuestionsforComprehension:1.WhatdoesFairy’s“arealboy”connote?2.WhatroledoesFairyhopeCrickettoplayinguidingPinocchio'sbehavior?2021/5/93Pre-readingActivity

Filmepisode2DeadPoetsSocietyQuestions:1.Whydidallthestudentsstandup?2.Whydidn’tMr.Nolan’sorderwork?NeilPerryCharlesDaltonRichard

CameronToddAnderson2021/5/94"Don'tDoThis!"

QuizonAcademicIntegrity

Pre-readingActivity2021/5/95"Don'tDoThis!"

QuizonAcademicIntegrityQuestion1:

Yourealizethatanotherstudentislookingatyourtestpaper.Youdon'tknowthesecondstudent,butyoudon'tmakeanyefforttocoveryourpaper.Weknowtheotherstudentischeatingbutareyouguiltyofacademicdishonesty?2021/5/96"Don'tDoThis!"

QuizonAcademicIntegrityQuestion2:

Thefinalexaminyourclassisatake-hometest.Theprofessor'sinstructionsstatethatyoumayonlyconsultthefollowingresources:librarybooks,classnotes,texts,andtheprofessororTA.Youandyourroommatediscussedoneofthequestions,butyouwroteyourownanswer.Isthisaproblem?2021/5/97"Don'tDoThis!"

QuizonAcademicIntegrityQuestion3:

YouspenthourswritinganexcellentresearchpaperforyourEnglishclassinthefall.Youhavetodoaresearchpaperonanytopicforyoursociologyclassthissemester.Isitwisetoturninthesamepaper?2021/5/98"Don'tDoThis!"

QuizonAcademicIntegrityQuestion4:

Itislateatnightandyourpaperisdueat9:00a.m.thenextday.Youusedalotofmaterialfromacoupleofbooks,butyoudidn'tquoteanythingand,therefore,youdidn'tincludeanyfootnotes.Isthisplagiarism(剽竊)orjustsloppywork?

2021/5/99"Don'tDoThis!"

QuizonAcademicIntegrityQuestion5:

Youhavehadatoughsemesterandarehavingtroublefocusingonatermpaperyoumustwrite.Youhaveacquired"researchmaterial",apaperfromtheWorldWideWebonyourtopic,thatwillgetyoustartedwithinformationandorganization.Withalltheotherpressures,itseemstemptingtomakeafewminorchangesandturnthepaperin.Shouldyou?2021/5/910PlagiarismPlagiarism,whichisaformofintellectualdishonesty,isnowseriouslycorroding(腐蝕)theintegrityinacademicfields.infringementofintellectualpropertycopyrightinfringement版權(quán)侵犯

toinfringeonintellectualpropertytoviolatecopyrightlaw2021/5/911ActsofPlagiarismusesomeoneelse’swords,ideas,orworksasyoursusepagesorparagraphsfrompublishedworkswithoutpermissionquotetheworksofotherswithoutpermissionusematerialsfromtheInternetorobscuresourceschangeafewwordsorthesequenceofsomesentencesorparagraphsclaimtheproductasyourownoriginalwork2021/5/912

OralPracticeHaveyouexperiencedamoralorethicaldilemmainyourlife?Describewhathappenedtoyouandhowyoureacted.2021/5/913FirstReading:

UnderstandingtheTextHowtoBeTruetoYourselfTopicoftheessay:Howtobetruetoyourself/Howtobecomeapersonofintegrity2021/5/9141.Whatisintegrity?Dictionarydefinition:steadfastadherencetoastrictmoralorethicalcode;honestyandtrustworthiness

恪守嚴(yán)格的道德規(guī)范:正直,誠實,誠信2021/5/9151.Whatisintegrity?Howdoestheauthordefineintegrity?

Integritymeanshavingapersonalstandardofmoralityandethicsthatdoesnotsellouttoexpediencyandthatisnotrelativetothesituationathand.Integrityisaninnerstandardforjudgingyourbehavior.(Para.2)

Integritymeansyoudowhatyoudobecauseit’srightandnotjustfashionableorpoliticallycorrect.(Para.15)Paraphrase2021/5/9161.Whatisintegrity?Howdoyoudefineintegrity?

Reference:Integritymeansyouareupright,honest,andsincereinallyoudo,andinallthingsyouactjustlyandhonorably.

Youputhonesty,senseofduty,andsoundmoralprinciplesaboveallelse.Apersonwithintegritydoesn’tjust“talkthetalk,”sheorhealso“walksthewalk."

2021/5/917

OralPracticeWhichhistoricalfiguredoyouthinkcanberegardedasonewithintegrity?Why?

2021/5/9182.Thenecessitytowriteabouttheconcept“integrity”:

acontrast:thefirmbeliefinitdemonstratedbytheauthor’sgrandparentsandtheirgenerationsvs.

thepresentscarcityofittheimportanceofintegrity:

Itistherealbottomlineineveryareaofsociety.Anditissomethingwemustdemandofourselves.Paraphrase2021/5/9193.Howtobecomeamanofintegrity:threekeyprinciples–“theintegrityTriad”1)Standfirmlyforyourconvictionsinthefaceofpersonalpressure.Whenyouareright,youcan'tbackdown.Paraphrase2021/5/9203.Howtobecomeamanofintegrity:threekeyprinciples–“theintegrityTriad”2)Alwaysgiveotherscreditthatisrightfullytheirs.

Don'tbeafraidofthosewhomighthaveabetterideaormightevenbesmarterthanyouare.ParaphraseNestingDolls2021/5/9213.Howtobecomeamanofintegrity:threekeyprinciples–“theintegrityTriad”3)Behonestandopenaboutwhatyoureallyare.Facerealityandbeadultinyourresponsestolife'schallenges.Self-respectandaclearconsciencearepowerfulcomponentsofintegrityandarethebasisforenrichingyourrelationshipswithothersParaphrase2021/5/9224.Benefitandprospectalifeofprinciplewillbringyou:

Alifeofprinciplewillberewardinginthat:Alifeofprinciple,ofnotsuccumbingtotheseductivesirensofaneasymorality,willalwayswintheday.Itwilltakeyouforwardintothe21stcenturywithouthavingtocheckyourtracksinarearviewmirror.Paraphrase2021/5/923FurtherDiscussionofIdeasfromtheText1.Lifeislikeafieldofnewlyfallensnow;wherewechoosetowalkeverystepwillshow.2021/5/924FurtherDiscussionofIdeasfromtheText2.Integrityisaninnerstandardforjudgingourbehavior.2021/5/925FurtherDiscussionofIdeasfromtheText3.Integrityisinshortsupplytodayevenifitisthebottomlineineveryareaofsociety.2021/5/926Othertipsonhowtobetruetooneself:2021/5/927AnIntroductiontotheAuthoroneofthemostsought-afterkeynotespeakersandproductivityconsultantsintheworldtodayDenisWaitley2021/5/928DenisWaitleyQuotations

Responsibility:Asignofwisdomandmaturityiswhenyoucometotermswiththerealizationthatyourdecisionscauseyourrewardsandconsequences.Youareresponsibleforyourlife,andyourultimatesuccessdependsonthechoicesyoumake.Friendship:

Asmileisthelightinyourwindowthattellsothersthatthereisacaring,sharingpersoninside.2021/5/929ProblemSolving:

Don'tdwellonwhatwentwrong.Instead,focusonwhattodonext.Spendyourenergiesonmovingforwardtowardfindingtheanswer.OvercomingFailure:

Failureshouldbeourteacher,notourundertaker.Failureisdelay,notdefeat.Itisatemporarydetour,notadeadend.Failureissomethingwecanavoidonlybysayingnothing,doingnothing,andbeingnothing.

2021/5/930OvercomingFailure:

Forgetabouttheconsequencesoffailure.Failureisonlyatemporarychangeindirectiontosetyoustraightforyournextsuccess.OvercomingFailure:

Whenyoumakeamistakeorgetridiculedorrejected,lookatmistakesaslearningexperiences,andridiculeasignorance.Lookatrejectionaspartofoneperformance,notasaturndownoftheperformer.

Life:Viewlifeasacontinuouslearningexperience.2021/5/931StyleofWriting

/Genre(文藝作品的體裁;類型)Amixedgenreofexpositionandargumentation:Intermofexposition,itisdevelopedbythestrategyof“classification”.Itexhibitsthelogicsofargumentation.2021/5/932Classificationusedinexpositorywriting:Dividethingsintogroupsortypessothatthosewithsimilarcharacteristicsareinthesamegroup.Todealwithcomplexorabstracttopicsbybreakingabroadsubjectintosmaller,neatlysortedcategories.2021/5/933Todefine“integrity”;Toweighitsimportanceincurrenttimes;Toarguethatintegrityis“inshortsupply”;Toshowwhyintegrityhasitsworth;Toarguethatintegrity“willwintheday”.Threadofargumentinthetext:2021/5/934StructuralAnalysisoftheTextThesisIntegrityisofparamountimportanceinallsocialactivities.Integritymayconsistofthreelifeprinciples.Alifeofprinciplewillwintheday.2021/5/935StructuralAnalysisoftheTextPartOne(1-2)Prefacepersonalstorytointroducetheconcept“integrity”theimportanceofintegrityvs.itsgettingscarcerthenecessitytowriteabouttheconcept2021/5/936StructuralAnalysisoftheTextPartTwo(3-14)

DeductivemethodinexplanationofeachprincipleoftheIntegrityTriad

Logicsamongthethreeprinciples:ParallelExteriorInteriorMacroMicro2021/5/937StructuralAnalysisoftheTextPartTwo(3-14)Para.3-8Toputforwardamodelof“IntegrityTriad”.Thefirstkeyprinciple:–Tostandfirmlyforyourconvictionsinthefaceofpersonalpressure.2021/5/938StructuralAnalysisoftheTextPartTwo(3-14)Para.9-11Thesecondkeyprinciple--Togiveotherscreditthatisrightfullytheirs2021/5/939StructuralAnalysisoftheTextPartTwo(3-14)Para.12-14Thethirdkeyprinciple–Tobehonestandopenaboutwhatyoureallyare2021/5/940StructuralAnalysisoftheTextPartThree(15)ConclusionTheauthorfurtherexplainswhatintegritymeansandpointsoutwhatbenefitandprospectalifeofprinciplewillbringyou.Torephrasethedefinitionofintegrity;Toreiteratethesignificanceofintegrity.2021/5/941CriticalThinkingontheLogicsoftheTextIsthereanyoverlappingcontentamongthethreeprinciplesoftheIntegrityTriad?Strictlyspeaking,thereareflawsinthewriter’sargumentation.Haveyouspottedanysuchflawsinthethreadofargument?2021/5/942BackgroundInformation

RussianNestingDoll2021/5/943BackgroundInformation

Siren,inGreekmythology

海妖塞壬/莎琳agroupofseanymphsrepresentedwiththeheadofawomanandthebodyofabirddaughtersofAchelous([希神]河神),inhabitedanislandsurroundedbydangerousrocksbytheirsweetsingingluredmariners(水手，海員)todestructionontherockssurroundingtheirisland.2021/5/944BackgroundInformation

Siren,inGreekmythology海妖塞壬

OdysseusmanagedtosavehimselfandhismenfromtheSirensbyputtingmeltedwaxinhiscrew'searsandtyinghimselftothemast,makingthecrewsweartheywouldnotreleasehimhoweverdesperatelyhebegged.2021/5/945LanguageWork

DifficultsentencesPara.2…integritymeanshavingapersonalstandardofmoralityandethicsthatdoesnotsellout

toexpediencyandthatisnotrelativetothesituationathand.Paraphrase:…integritymeansthatoneshouldhaveasetofmoralprinciplesthatonedoesnotbetrayforthepurposeofgainingadvantagesorpersonalbenefitsandthatisnotaffectedbyanyexternalcircumstances.2021/5/946LanguageWork

DifficultsentencesPara.2Butitistherealbottomlineineveryareaofsociety.bottomline:fundamentalprinciple/quality2021/5/947LanguageWork

DifficultsentencesPara.4Standfirmlyforyourconvictions

inthefaceofpersonalpressure.standfirmlyfor:

firmlyadheretoconviction:firmandsincerebelief

infaceof:inspiteof2021/5/948LanguageWork

DifficultsentencesPara.8Whenyouknowyouareright,youcan'tbackdown.

Paraphrase:Whenyouknowyouareright,youcan'tgiveupyourstandpointorefforthalfwayunderexternalpressure.2021/5/949LanguageWork

DifficultsentencesPara.9Alwaysgiveotherscreditthatisrightfullytheirs.Paraphrase:Alwaysbereadyandwillingtogiveapprovalorpraisetootherpeoplewhodeserveit.2021/5/950LanguageWork

DifficultsentencesPara.12Behonestandopenaboutwhatyoureallyare.

Paraphrase:Beyourtrueself,withouthidingorcoveringupanyunpleasingaspectsinyourlife.2021/5/951LanguageWork

DifficultsentencesPara.12Peoplewholackgenuinecorevaluesrelyonexternalfactors…corevalues:fundamentalmoralprinciples核心價值觀2021/5/952LanguageWork

DifficultsentencesPara.12Inevitablytheywilldoeverythingtheycantopreservethisfa?ade…preserve:maintainunchangedorintact

維持不變fa?ade:outwardappearance

建筑物的正面;外表2021/5/953LanguageWork

DifficultsentencesPara.13Don’tengageinapersonalcover-upofareasthatareunpleasinginyourlife.engagein:

beinvolvedin,beoccupiedwith從事,參加,忙于

cover-up:coveringup;concealing2021/5/954LanguageWork

DifficultsentencesPara.13Whenit’stough,doittough.Inotherwords,facerealityandbeadultinyourresponsestolife’schallengesParaphrase:…facerealitysquarely(誠實直率地)andboldly,respondtolife'schallengesandinamature,suitablemanner.2021/5/955LanguageWork

DifficultsentencesPara.14Self-respectandaclearconsciencearepowerfulcomponentsofintegrityandarethebasisforenrichingyourrelationshipswithothers.Paraphrase:…forimprovinganddevelopingyourrelationshipswithothers2021/5/956LanguageWork

DifficultsentencesPara.15Alifeofprinciple,ofnotsuccumbingtoseductivesirensofaneasymorality,willalwayswintheday.succumbto:yieldto,giveintoseductivesirensofaneasymorality:thelureoftheuseofmethodsthatbringthemostimmediatebenefits,basedonpracticalratherthanmoralconsiderationswintheday:besuccessful,gainvictoriessiren2021/5/957LanguageWork

DifficultsentencesPara.15Itwilltakeyouforwardintothe21stcenturywithouthavingtocheckyourtracksinarearviewmirror.Paraphrase:…unnecessatytolookbackandexaminethefootmarkswehaveleftbehind.2021/5/958怎樣對自己誠實

我的爺爺和奶奶認(rèn)為，你要么是誠實的，要么不是，不可能介于兩者之間。

在他們起居室的墻上掛著一幅簡單易懂的座右銘：“生活好像一片剛剛落滿白雪的土地；我走到哪里，我的每一個腳印就會出現(xiàn)在哪里。”他們無需就此加以評說—一他們是以身體力行的方式來證實這幅座右銘的。

他們本能的理解是，誠實意味著具備一定的倫理道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，既不看風(fēng)使舵，也不隨著眼下的形勢而轉(zhuǎn)移。誠實是判斷你行為的內(nèi)在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。遺憾的是，如今，誠實處在短缺狀態(tài)——甚至越來越稀罕。然而，它卻是社會各個領(lǐng)域真正的思想底線，而且是我們必須要求自己嚴(yán)格做到的。

檢驗這種價值標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的一個有效方法是，參看我所指的誠實考驗，其中包括三條主要原則：2021/5/959

在個人壓力面前，要堅定信念；當(dāng)你知道你做得對的時候，你就不能退縮。

對那些值得贊揚的人要常常給予肯定。切莫害怕那些可能有更好主意的或者那些可能比你更聰明的人。

真誠、坦率地展示真實的你。那些缺乏真正的基本價值觀念的人，為了使自己感覺良好而依靠外在因素——相貌或社會地位；他們勢必盡一切可能來保全這種表面形象，卻很少會去培養(yǎng)自己內(nèi)在的價值和注重個人的成長。

因此，要展示你的真面目。不要設(shè)法掩蓋你生活中令人不快的方方面面。艱難時刻要頑強。換言之，要正視現(xiàn)實。面對生活的挑戰(zhàn)，要老成持重，應(yīng)付有方。

自尊和問心無愧是構(gòu)成誠實的強有力的成分，是豐富你與他人關(guān)系的基礎(chǔ)。

誠實意味著你之所以做你所做的事是因為你做的是對的，而不是因為這行為是時髦的或在政治上是正確的。始終能夠贏得勝利的是那種堅持行為準(zhǔn)則、不屈從于一種安逸倫理觀誘惑的生活。這是我爺爺和奶奶給我的教導(dǎo)。2021/5/960LanguageWork

WordsandExpressionsmotto座右銘,箴言

ashortsentenceorafewwordstakenastheguidingprincipleofaperson,ofaschool,ofanorganization,etc.OlympicMotto:Swifter,Higher,StrongerWuhanUniversity'smotto

校訓(xùn):getbestirred,developperseverance,aspireaftertruthandblazenewtrails.Whatisyourmotto?2021/5/961demonstratev.1)proveormakeclearafact,esp.byreasoningorprovidingexamples證明；論證e.g.Galileodemonstratedthatobjectsofdifferentweightsfallatthesamespeed.2)revealorshowclearly清楚細(xì)致地顯示,表明,說明e.g.Hiscuriosityandinformationaboutthepositionheisseekingdemonstratehissincerityandpotentialinthejob.

對所求職位的好奇心和所了解的有關(guān)信息展示了他的誠懇和工作潛力2021/5/962demonstratev.3)toshowordescribehowtodosomethingorhowsomethingworks展示,示范,演示

e.g.Thesalespersonpluggedin(插上插頭以接通電源)anddemonstratedhowtousethevacuumcleaner(真空吸塵器).4)vi.toparticipateinapublicmarch示威e.g.Theydemonstratedagainsttaxincrease.demonstration

n.2021/5/963sellout1)sellallofwhatwasforsale全部售出,

售完sellout(of)e.g.We’vecompletelysoldoutofthoseshirtsinyoursize,sir.2)bedisloyalorunfaithfultoone’sprincipleorfriends

出賣(朋友)，背棄(原則)sell(sb.)out(to)e.g.Theofficerwaschargedwithsellingouttohisenemy.2021/5/964expediency(=expedience)1)beingusefulorhelpfulforapurpose,esp.one‘sownpurposeoradvantage,althoughnotnecessarilymorallycorrect私利,自身利害e.g.Thegovernmentoperatesonthebasisofpoliticalexpedience,notofprinciple.2021/5/965expediency(=expedience)2)somethingusedtomeetanurgentneed

權(quán)宜之計e.g.Inshort,thepathofpeacefuldevelopmenttakenbyChinaisbynomeansanexpediency.Rather,itisafundamentalchoiceandsolemncommitmentmadebytheChinesegovernmentandpeople.

總之，堅持走和平發(fā)展道路，不是權(quán)宜之計，而是中國政府和人民的鄭重選擇與莊嚴(yán)承諾。2021/5/966athand1)nearinplaceortime,abouttooccur在附近;即將到來e.g.Helivescloseathand.

Icouldnolongerdoubtthatapossiblyfatalcrisiswasathand.

我不再懷疑，一場可能是毀滅性的危機近在咫尺了。2)withinreach在手邊e.g.

Whenhewrites,healwayskeepsadictionarycloseathand.2021/5/967Compare:inhand:inone’spossessionandavailableforuse在手頭,現(xiàn)有;在掌握中;在控制中e.g.Istillhavesomemoneyinhand.onhand:

closebyandreadywhenneeded

在場;可用e.g.Ourstaffarealwaysonhandtohelp.

byhand:doneormadebyapersonratherthanamachine用手,人工完成e.g.Wehadtowashourclothesbyhand.2021/5/968ensure(AmEinsure)makesth.certaintohappene.g.Allthenecessarystepshadbeentakentoensuretheirsafety.Takeataxiifyouwanttoensurethatyoucatchtheplane.2021/5/969Compareinsure:

toguaranteemonetarycompensationincaseofloss給...保險e.gWeinsuredtheinstrumentforfivethousanddollars.assure:

totellsomeonethatsomethingwilldefinitelyhappenorisdefinitelytruesothattheyarelessworried向…保證,使確信,使放心e.g.Icanassureyouofthereliabilityofthenews.Theyassuredusthatthetrainwouldbeontime.2021/5/970accountfor1)giveorbeasatisfactoryexplanationfor說明,做出解釋，提出理由e.g.Howdoyouaccountforalltheaccidentsinseries?你怎么解釋這接二連三地發(fā)生的事故呢?

Thereisnoaccountingfortaste.

蘿卜白菜,各有所愛。2)bethecauseororiginof導(dǎo)致,引起,是...的原因e.g.

Badweatheraccountedforthelongdelay.2021/5/971accountfor3)toformaparticularamountorpartofsomething占e.g.Afro-Americansaccountfor12%oftheUSpopulation.2021/5/972backdownacceptdefeatinanargument,opinion,orclaim;admitthatonewaswrong;togiveupone‘soriginalstand,etc.

退卻;讓步，放棄(原來的立場、主張、要求等）e.g.Bothsideshaverefusedtobackdown.Localresidentshaveforcedthelocalcounciltobackdownfrom/onitsplanstobuildanightclubinthecitycenter.2021/5/973credit1)publicapprovalorpraisegiventosb.becauseofsth.hehasdone贊許；榮耀e.g.TheynevergiveGeneanycreditforalltheextraworkhedoes.

Creditforthiswingoestoeverybodyintheteam.功勞2)beliefortrustinthetruthorrightnessofsomething信任,信用e.g.Doyouplaceanycreditinthegovernment'sstory?2021/5/974credit3)asystemofbuyinggoodsorservicesandpayingforthemlater賒購貨物e.g.Ifyoucan'taffordtopaycash,buythefurnitureoncredit.What’sthecreditlimitonyourVisacard?4)aunitofstudysocertified學(xué)分2021/5/975rightfulinaccordancewithwhatisjustrightorlegallycorrect正當(dāng)?shù)?合法的,理應(yīng)享有的e.g.Heistherightfulownerofthehouse.

Thelegacyisrightfullyyours;shealwaysintendedyoutohaveit.Compare:righteous

morallyupright正直的;正當(dāng)?shù)?正義的e.g.

arighteouswoman正直的女人arighteousjudgment2021/5/976cover-upanattempttopreventthepublicdiscoveringinformationaboutaseriouscrimeormistakee.g.IalsowanttoaskwhattheStateQualitySupervisoryAdministrationhastosayabouttheirnegligenceandcover-up?我還想問一下國家質(zhì)監(jiān)總局：你們對你們的失職與隱瞞，何以解釋？2021/5/977conscience

aninnersensethatisconsciousofthemoralrightnessorwrongnessofone'sbehaviororintentions

良心,良知,道德心,是非之心e.g.Ihaveaguiltyconscienceaboutnottellingherthetruth.良心不安Ihaven'tdoneanythingwrong.--Ihaveaclearconscience.問心無愧accordingtoone'sconscience憑良心2021/5/978succumbto1)stopopposing;togivein(togreaterforceorstrength,adesire,etc.)屈從，服從e.g.Thegovernmenthassuccumbedtopressurefromthepress.Hesuccumbedtothetemptationandstolethepurse.2)diebecauseofe.g.

About400,000Americanssuccumbeachyeartosmoking-relatedillnesses.2021/5/979VocabularyExerciseII.

Synonymsmoralityethicsdemandaskgenuinerealpreservesave2021/5/980moralityethicsKeya.Morality b.morality c.ethics d.ethics2021/5/981moralityethicsmorality1)therightnessorpurenessofbehaviour道德:符合道德規(guī)范之狀態(tài)2)standards,principlesofgoodbehaviour道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)3)asystemofideasofrightandwrongconduct道德體系e.g.religiousmoralityChristianmorality2021/5/982moralityethicsethics1)(withsing.v.)thestudyofquestionsaboutwhatismorallyrightandwrong

倫理學(xué)2)asetofprinciplesofrightconduct

倫理觀,道德規(guī)范3)moralsoundness合乎倫理道德3)therulesorstandardsgoverningtheconductofapersonorthemembersofaprofession:(某一行業(yè))行為準(zhǔn)則;行為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

e.g.medicalethics醫(yī)德2021/5/983moralityethicsmorality：principlesconcerningthedistinctionbetweenrightandwrongorgoodandbadbehaviour

ethics:themoralprinciplesgoverningorinfluencingconduct道德是日常用語，而倫理更偏于學(xué)術(shù)用語、哲學(xué)用語。2021/5/984demandaska.demands b.asked c.asking d.demanded2021/5/985demandaskdemand1)Toaskforsth.forcefully,inawaythatshowsthatarefusalisnotexpected;;toclaimasifbyright(+n.):Thecarworkers’unionisdemandinga7%payrise.(+speech):“Whereareyougoing?”demandedthepoliceman.(+toinfinitive):Shedemandedtoseethemanager.(+that):Thelibrariandemandedthathereturnthebook.2021/5/986demandaskdemand2)Toneedsth.,suchastime,efforts,oraparticularquality;needorrequireinordertobesuccessfule.g.Itisadifficultpiecetoplay—itdemandsconcentration.Heseemstolackmanyofthequalitiesdemandedof(=neededby)asuccessfulpolitician.2021/5/987genuinereala.real b.genuine c.real d.genuine2021/5/988genuinerealgenuine

notbeingimitatedorcounterfeitrealreferstophysicallyexistentthings2021/5/989preservesavea.preserve b.preserve c.save d.save2021/5/990preservesaveconservepreserve

1)keepingsomethingthatisvaluableexactlyasitis,withoutchangeandevenwithoutusingitatall

保護使免于損害,保護(動植物等);

保存,保藏,腌制(肉等),把…做成蜜餞,防(尸體等)腐爛2)causeaconditiontolast;tokeepunchanged保持,維持不變2021/5/991preservesaveconservepreserve

e.g.topreservetheoldcastleandotherplacesofhistoricinterest保護古城堡和其它古跡

topreserveforests保護森林

Icehelpstopreservefood.保存食物。

topreserveeggsinsalt腌蛋

topreservepublicorder維持公共秩序

topreservefamilyharmony維持家庭和睦2021/5/992preservesaveconservesave:rescuesomethingwithasenseofgreaturgencyconserve

1)tousecarefullyorsparingly,avoidingwaste節(jié)約，避免浪費：e.g.toconserveenergy節(jié)約能源2)toprotectfromlossorharm;preserve保存,保護使不受損害e.g.toconserveournationalheritage

保護我們的民族遺產(chǎn)2021/5/993VocabularyExerciseII.

Key1.D2.A3.B4.C5.B6.A7.C8.A2021/5/994Grammar

–Nominalrelativeclause

(introducedby

whatever,whichever,whoever,wherever,whenever…)Vocabulary

–Notionalverbs:demand,appoint,succumb–Setphrase:backdown,accountfor,inthefaceof

–Noun:expediency,rookie,triad,cover-up,–Adverbs:fine,rightfully,progressively2021/5/995

Nominalrelativeclause

“AgoodtestforthisvalueistolookatwhatIcalltheIntegrityTriad”–“whatIcalltheIntegrityTriad”→nominalrelativeclause–“what”＝n.+relativepron.＝thethingwhich–canbeintroducedby

what,whatever,whichever,wherever,whenever,whoever2021/5/996

Nominalrelativeclause

Eg:Theprofessorwillappointwhoeverpromisetoinvestigatetheplagiarismheadoftheacademicpanel.ThegirloftendreamsofwhenshewasboatingwithherMrRight.Themanhatestocommentaboutwhoevershouldbeheldresponsiblefortheincident.2021/5/997

Appreciateabeautifulsong:

TrueColors.mp32021/5/998TrueColorsLyricsYouwiththesadeyes

Don’tbediscouraged

OhIrealize

It’shardtotakecourage

Inaworldfullofpeople

Youcanlosesightofitall

Andthedarknessinsideyou

Canmakeyoufeelsosmall

ButIseeyourtruecolors

Shiningthrough

Iseeyourtruecolors

Andthat’swhyIloveyou

Sodon’tbeafraidtoletthemshow

Yourtruecolors

Truecolorsarebeautiful,

Likearainbow2021/5/999TrueColorsLyrics

Showmeasmilethen

don'tbeunhappy,can'tremember

whenIlastsawyoulaughing

ifthisworldmakesyoucrazy

andyou'vetakenallyoucanbear

youcallmeup

becauseyouknowI'llbethereAndI'llseeyourtruecolors

shiningthrough

Iseeyourtruecolors

andthat'swhyIloveyou

sodon'tbeafraidtoletthemshow

yourtruecolors

truecolorsarebeautiful

likearainbow2021/5/9100DiscussionforTextBTasksThesisoftextBGenreofwritingoftextBStructureofTextBQuestionsforcomprehensionCollegeForeignLanguageandLiteratu