2022年《高起專(zhuān)英語(yǔ)》章節(jié)習(xí)題第四部分閱讀理解

閱讀以下短文，然后根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容從每題中的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最正確的一項(xiàng)。

〔一〕

SomefarmersinCaliforniaarehavingahardtimepickingtheircrops.Therearenotenough

workerstohelpthemwiththeharvest.

Onefarmerusedtogrowpeaches（桃子〕，butwillsoongrowalmonds（杏仁〕instead.Peaches

reuiremorelabortoharvest.Theyareeasytobedamagedandneedcarefulhandpicking.Heis

nowremovinghispeachtrees.Thenhewillplantalmondtreesintheirplaces.Almondsare

harvesteddifferently.Itdoesnottakeasmanyworkerstopickthembecauseamachineshakesthe

almondtrees.Thenutsfallonthegroundandthenaregatheredup.Thefarmerdoesnothaveto

hiremanyworkers.

Somefarmersthinktherearetworeasonswhytheycan'tfindenoughfarmworkers,Onereason

isthattherearealotofwell-paidconstructionjobsinthearea.Manypeoplearelakingthesejobs

insteadofpickingfruit.Theotherreasonisthatithasbecomemoredifficultforworkerstocome

fromMexicointoCalifornia.Fewerworkersareallowedtogetintothecountrytoworkonthefruit

farms.

Tosettletheproblem,farmershopethegovernmentmightallowtheseworkerstoworkas

guests.Thatwouldhelpworkersprovidefortheirfamilyandhelpfarmersharvesttheircrops.When

theharvestseasonisovertheyHllgobackhome.Farmerssaythatunlessthingschange,morefruits

willcomefromothercountries.ThisisbecauselaborischeaperinthosecountriesthanintheUnited

States.

1.Whatproblemdosomefarmershave

A.Theyhavenoworkerstoremovefruittrees.

B.Thereislittlelandforgrowingfruit.

C.Theircropswerebadlydamagedlastyear.

D.It*sdifficulttoharvesttheircrops.

【答案】D

【解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段可知，加利福尼亞州的一些農(nóng)民在采收作物時(shí)遇到了

困難，因?yàn)樗麄冋也坏阶銐虻娜耸?。故此題選D.

2.Whydoesthepeachfarmerstarttoplantalmonds

A.Thereisagreaterdemandforalmonds.

B.Growingalmondstakesmuchlessland.

C.Amachinecanhelpgetalmondsoffthetrees.

D.Almondswillfallonthegroundwhenripe.

【答案】C

【解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段最后四句可知，杏仁的采摘方式不太一樣，它不需要許多人

手來(lái)采摘，只需要一臺(tái)機(jī)器搖動(dòng)杏樹(shù)，杏仁就會(huì)掉落在地上，然后就可以將其收集起來(lái)，因此農(nóng)

民不需要雇用太多的工人。由此可知，這就是農(nóng)民開(kāi)始種植杏樹(shù)的原因，故此題選C.

3.Whycan'tsomefarmersfindenoughworkerstopickfruit

A.Theygrowtoomanypeachtrees.

B.Peoplepreferwell-paidconstructionjobs.

C.FewpeoplewanttoworkinCalifornia.

D.Theydon'twanttohireworkersfromMexico.

【答案】B

【解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段前三句可知，一些農(nóng)場(chǎng)主認(rèn)為他們找不到足夠的農(nóng)場(chǎng)

工人有兩個(gè)原因，一個(gè)是當(dāng)?shù)赜性S多高薪的建筑工作，很多人愿意從事這類(lèi)工作而不愿意采

摘水果。故此題選B.

4.Whatwillhappenifthesituationdoesnotimprove

A.Thegovernmentwillhireworkerstohelpwiththeharvest.

B.MorepeoplewillmovetoCaliforniafromMexico.

C.OthercountrieswillprovidecheaperlaborforUSfarmers.

D.Morefruitswillbeboughtfromothercountries.

【答案】D

【解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段最后兩句可知，農(nóng)場(chǎng)主們表示，如果不改變現(xiàn)狀的話，將

需要從其他國(guó)家進(jìn)口的水果，因?yàn)槟切﹪?guó)家的勞動(dòng)力比美國(guó)

的廉價(jià)。故此題選D.

〔二〕

Whenyougoonyourjobinterview,besuretodresswell,beontime,doyourresearchand

NEVERaskanyofthefollowinguestions:

1.HowuicklycouldIbepromoted

Anemployerfirstofallwantsanemployeetobehappywiththepositiontheyhave.Ambition

isgood,butthereisatimeandplacetodiscusspromotion,andit'snotduringaninterview.

2.WillIbeabletoworkfromhome

Thisisbasicallytellingyourfutureboss-beforeyou'veevenstarted-thatyou'retoolazyto

comeintotheoffice.

3.Howmuchvacationtimedoesthispositionoffer

Althoughthiscouldbeasked,thisisthetypeofinformationyoushouldgetAFTERyou'vebeen

offeredapositionandnotbefore.

4.WillIhavetoworkwithateam

Almostalljobsneedsomekindofteamwork,soanysignthatyouarenotagoodteamplayer

willleaveyouwithunfavorablepointsinanemployer'seyes.

5.Doesthispositioncomewithahandsomepay

Thepayisusuallydiscussedafterapositionhasbeenoffered.Ifanemployeroffersthissubject,

feelfreetodiscussit.Otherwise,trynottolooklikeyouareinterestedonlyinthingsforyourown

good.AnemployerwillmorereadilyhiresomeoneinterestedinbetteringthemselvesANDthe

companyasawhole.

1.Anemployerusuallyexpectsanemployeetobe

A.hungryforpromotion

B.satisfiedwiththevacation

C.pleasedwiththeposition

D.curiousabouttheworkplace

【答案】c

【解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由第三段第一句話可知，雇主首先是希望員工對(duì)自己的職位滿意。故C

正確。

2.Askingtoworkfromhomemaymakeyourfuturebossthinkthat

A.youwanttostayawayfromyourboss

B.youworkbetterathome

C.you'reunwillingtomeetothers

D.you'retoolazytocomeintotheoffice

【答案】D

【解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由第五段可知，如果你問(wèn)將來(lái)的老板你能否在家工作的話，會(huì)讓老板

覺(jué)得你太懶了，不愿意來(lái)辦公室上班。故D正確。

3.Whencanyouofferthesubjectofpay

A.Beforeyouaskaboutteamwork.

B.Afteryougetthejob.

C.Attheendofyourinterview.

D.Atthebeginningofyourinterview.

【答案】B

【解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由最后一段第一句話可知，薪水問(wèn)題通常應(yīng)在確定自己得到這份工作后

再討論。故B正確。

4.Whatmightbethebesttitleofthistext

A.uestionsNottoAskinaJobInterview

B.HowtoDressforaJobInterview

C.CleverAnswerstoInterviewuestions

D.ProperTimeforaJobInterview

【答案】A

【解析】主旨大意題。文章的第一段為主題句，點(diǎn)明了全文的主旨：求職面試中絕對(duì)不要問(wèn)的

問(wèn)題。故A正確。

〔三〕

MariaMitchell(1818-1889),thefirstwomanastronomerintheUnitedStates,wasbornin

Nantucket,Massachusetts.Herparentsvaluededucationandinsistedongivingherthesameuality

ofeducationthatboysreceived.

Herfather,WilliamMitchell,wasanastronomerandteacherhimself.Whenhebuilthisown

school,Mariabecameastudentandalsoateachingassistanttohim.Athome,Maria'sfathertaught

hertowatchthestarsandothernaturalobjectsinspaceusinghispersonaltelescope.

LatershewenttoworkatthelibraryoftheNantucketAtheneum.Overthenexttwentyyears,

shefurtherdevelopedherinterestinreadingasmanybooksasshecould.Shespenthernights

watchingtheskycloselywithherfather.

OnOctober1,1847,Mariadiscoveredacometbymerelyusingatwo-inchtelescope.Some

yearsbefore,KingFrederickVIofDenmarkhadsetupprizestoeachdiscovererofatelescopiccomet.

Theprizewastobegiventothefirstdiscovererofeachsuchcometbecausecometswereoften

discoveredbymorethanoneperson.

Therewasonceauestionofwhoshouldbethewinner.Asthestorygoes,FrancescodeVico

haddiscoveredthesamecomettwodayslater,buthadreportedittotheEuropeanofficial

organizationfirst.However,aftersomediscussionthiswassettledinMitchell'sfavor.Shewonthe

prizein1848andbecameabignametheworldover.ThecometwasnamedMissMitchell'sComet.

1.WhatcanbelearntaboutMaria'sparentsaccordingtothetext

A.Theycamefromlow-incomefamilies.

B.TheygaveMariaeualchanceforeducation.

C.Theywerebothastronomers.

D.Theywerebothteachers.

【答案】B

【解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由第一段第二句可知，瑪麗亞的父母非常重視教育問(wèn)題，并且堅(jiān)持為

她提供與男孩同等質(zhì)量的教育。故B正確。

2.WhoplayedthemostimportantroleinMaria'sgreatachievement

A.KingFrederickVI.B.FrancescodeVico.

C.Herfather.D.Hermother.

【答案】c

【解析】推理判斷題。由第二段可知，瑪麗亞的父親既是一名天文學(xué)家，也是一名教師?，旣?/p>

亞既是父親的學(xué)生也是父親的助教，并且在家的時(shí)候父親用自己的望遠(yuǎn)鏡教她觀察天體以及其他自

然物體。由此推斷出，瑪麗亞取得巨大的成就，其父親起了非常重要的作用。故C正確。

3.WhatproblemdidMariameetwithinwinningtheprize

A.Shenamedthecometonherown.

B.Shedidnotusethereuiredtelescope.

C.Shedidnotreportherdiscoveryintime.

D.Shediscoveredthecometwithherfather.

【答案】c

【解析】推理判斷題。由最后一段第二句可知，弗蘭西斯科?德維科在兩天后發(fā)現(xiàn)了同樣的

一顆彗星，但是他第一個(gè)將這顆彗星報(bào)告給了歐洲的官方機(jī)構(gòu)。由此推斷出，瑪麗亞沒(méi)能及時(shí)

報(bào)告她的發(fā)現(xiàn)。故C正確。

4.WhendidFrancescodeVicodiscoverthecomet

A.In1818.B.In1889.C.In1848.D.In1847.

【答案】D

【解析】推理判斷題。由第四段第一句可知，瑪麗亞在1847年10月1日發(fā)現(xiàn)了這顆彗

星。由第五段第二句可知，弗蘭西斯科?德?維科在兩天后也發(fā)現(xiàn)了這顆彗星。由此推斷出，

弗蘭西斯科?德?維科也是在1847年發(fā)現(xiàn)這顆彗星的。故D正確。

〔四〕

Manyschoolshavetheirartprogramsremovedinanefforttoimprovetestscoresandsave

money.However,someresearchersbelievethatthisisnotcorrect.Studentscanmastersomebasic

skillsinartclassthattheycannotfindinanormalclassroom.

Allowmetosharewhyyouhavetotakeartclass.

Firstandmostimportant,itstimulatescreativity.Artschoolsencourageyoutothinkoutside

theboxandbecreativeenoughtocreatesomethingartistic.Itcanbeusednotonlyinartbutinlife,

too.

Besides,ithelpsyoumaketherightchoice.Inartclass,youareusuallyfreetodowhatyou

want.Ineveryartclass,youarereuiredtomakedecisionsthatcandeterminewhatyourpainting

willturnouttobe.

Inaddition,studentscanlearntheartofcriticalthinkingasaskillofobservation.Forexample,

artstudentsfindwaystoimagine.Thatisaskilltheyneedtobecomebetterreadersandproblem

settlers.

Whatismore,itisnotedthatthecompany'sbossesareactivelylookingforemployeeswhocan

thinkcreatively.Creativethinkingisoneofthemostimportantskillsthatstudentscanlearninart

courses.

Finally,studentswhoaretrainedinartclasshaveinterestingmentalhabits.Theylearnhowto

workonataskforalongtimeandhowtocontinuetoworkeveniftheyarediscouraged.Theyare

betterforcreatingalinkbetweentheclassroomandtheoutsideworld.Inaddition,childrenwhodo

artworkareabletolookbackontheirworkandmakejudgmentsaboutthemselves.

1.Whyareartprogramsremovedfrommanyschools

A.Tomakestudentshavetheirownhobbies.

B.Toimprovestudents'testscoresandsavemoney.

C.Tohelpstudentsmastersomejobskills.

D.Togivestudentsmorefreetime.

【答案】B

【解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由第一段第一句可知，為了提高學(xué)生的考試并節(jié)省開(kāi)支，許多取消了

他們的藝術(shù)課。故B正確。

2.Whatisthemostimportantualitystudentsdevelopinartclass

A.Determination.B.Carefulness.

C.Creativity.D.Honesty.

【答案】c

【解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由第三段第一句可知，首先且最重要的一點(diǎn)是藝術(shù)課可以激發(fā)創(chuàng)造力。

故C正確。

3.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext

A.Artstudentsareeasilyemployed.

B.Artprogramsmaybringalotofmoney.

C.Artclasscanhelpstudentsinmanyways.

D.Artteachersshouldpaymoreattentiontotests.

【答案】C

【解析】推理判斷題。通讀全文后，不難發(fā)現(xiàn)本文是圍繞藝術(shù)課對(duì)學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)有什么樣的好處展

開(kāi)的。由此推斷出，藝術(shù)課可以在很多方面幫助學(xué)生。故C正確。

〔五〕

Youknowwhatahotelis,ofcourse.Andperhaps,youalsoknowwhatacondois-aresidential

buildingdividedintoseparateunitsthatareownedbydifferentpeople.Whatyoumaynotknowis

thatinsomeU.S.cities,thetwohavecometogetherintosomethingcalledacondohotel.

Somecondohotelscannowbefoundinbeachandmountaintownsandafewsmallcities.

However,noneismorefamousthanthegreat105-year-oldPlazaHotelinNewYork,onFifthAvenue

acrossfromCentralPark.ThePlazaclosedforrepairin2022.Whenitreopenedtwoyearslater,more

thanhalfofithadbeenchangedintooneofthesemoderncondohotels.

Here'showitworks:Youbuywhateualstoanapartment.Ifit'satThePlaza,itwillcostyou

between$1.5millionand$9million.Soyouownapartofthebuilding.Butthere'ssome

inconvenience.Youmaystaytherenomorethan120daysayear.Therestofthetime,thehotel's

workerscanbookguestsintoyourplace,justastheywouldintheregularhotel'srooms.Soifyou're

luckyandrich,youcannowliveinreallyspecialuartersuptoalmostonethirdoftheyear,while

otherspayoffyourmortgagetherestoftheyear.

Sofar,agreatmanyofthenation'scondohotelunitshavebeenpurchasednotbyrichpeople

butbyrichercompanies,includingforeignones.Theywantaniceplacefortheirbossestostaywhen

they'reintownorworkinglateattheoffice.

1.Acondoisaplacewherepeople.

A.liveB.workC.eatD.study

【答案】A

【解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由第一段第二句可知，公寓是一棟居住樓，被分成獨(dú)立的單元，所以

公寓是人們住的地方。故A正確。

2.Howlongcanyoustayinyourowncondohotelunitatmosteachyear

A.120days.B.Onemonth.

C.Halfayear.D.Threemonths.

【答案】A

【解析】事灼］節(jié)題。由第三段第五句可知，一年中，你最多可以在公寓式酒店住120天。故A

正確。

3.Whatdoespurchasedinthelastparagraphprobablymean

A.Closed.B.Bought.C.Damaged.D.Repaired.

【答案】B

【解析】詞義猜測(cè)題。由最后一段可知，一些比較有錢(qián)的公司為了給他們的老板提供一

個(gè)舒適的環(huán)境，通常會(huì)買(mǎi)這種公寓式酒店套房。由此推斷出，purchase意為“購(gòu)置〃。closed

關(guān)閉;bought買(mǎi);damaged損害；repaired修理。故B正確。

4.Whatdoweknowaboutacondohotel

A.Itisdesignedbyrichcompanies.

B.Itisbuiltforforeigntravellers.

C.Itisusuallysoldatalowprice.

D.Itisownedbydifferentpeople.

【答案】D

【解析】推理判斷題。由最后兩段可知，無(wú)論個(gè)人還是企業(yè)，只要有錢(qián)的話，都可以購(gòu)置這

種公寓式酒店套房。由此推斷出，公寓式酒店可以為不同的人所有。故D正確。

〔六〕

Scientistshavelongtriedtobeabletoknowmoreaboutfloods.Sofar,thebestthatscientists

candoistorecognizetheconditionsforflooding.

Althoughdeepsnowaloneseldomcausesfloods,whenitoccurstogetherwithheavyrainand

suddenwarmerweather,itcanleadtoseriousflooding.Ifthereisafastsnowmelt（融化〕ontop

offrozenorverywetground,floodingislikelytooccur.Meltingsnowalsocauseshighwaterlevels

inrivers.Wheneverriversarealreadyattheirhighestpossiblelevels,heavyrainswillresultinthe

rivers'floodingthenearbyland.

Riverscoveredinicecanalsoleadtoflooding.Whenicebeginstomeltjtbreaksintolarge

pieces.Thesepiecesoficemoveandfloatdowntheriver.Theycanblocktheriver,causingthewater

toriseandfloodthelanduptheriver.Iftheicedam（壩〕breakssuddenly,thelargeuantityofwater

heldbehinditcanfloodtheareasdowntherivertoo.

Brokenicedamsarenottheonlyproblemthatcancauseflooding.Whenalargehuman-made

dambreaksorfailstoholdthewatercollectedbehinditjtwillalsocauseseriousdamage.

Althoughscientistscannotalwaysknowwhenfloodswilloccur,theydoknowagreatdealabout

whenfloodsarelikely,orprobably,goingtooccur.

1.Whathavescientistsachievedindealingwithfloods

A.Theyhavepreventedmanyriversfromflooding.

B.Theyhavereducedthedamagecausedbyfloods.

C.Theyhavelearnedmuchaboutconditionsforflooding.

D.Theyhavefoundmostoftheicedamsontheriver.

【答案】C

【解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段可知，長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)，科學(xué)家一直在試圖

地了解洪水。目前為止，他們?nèi)〉玫淖畲筮M(jìn)展就是了解了洪水爆發(fā)的條件。故此題選C.

2.Whenwilldeepsnowleadtofloods

A.Thesnowsuddenlygetsfrozen.

B.Thetopofthegroundbecomeswet.

C.Itrainshardwithabigriseintemperature.

D.Thesnowmeltsgraduallyintoariver.

【答案】C

【解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段第一句可知，雖然厚厚的積雪很少引發(fā)洪水，但當(dāng)遇到大

雨，再加上天氣突然轉(zhuǎn)暖，就會(huì)引發(fā)嚴(yán)重的洪水。故此題選C.

3.Whathappenswhenicedamsbreak

A.Theymayuicklyblocktheriver.

B.Theicecoveringtherivermaymeltfast.

C.Alargericedammaysoonbeformed.

D.Theareasdowntherivermaybeflooded.

【答案】D

【解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句可知，一旦冰壩突然決口，大壩后所儲(chǔ)存的大量

的水就會(huì)淹沒(méi)河流下游的區(qū)域。故此題選D.

〔七〕

ItwasSharingDay!Theteacherhadaskedthestudentstobringsomethinginterestingtoclass.

JimmyfoundthelittleboxheandDadhadmade.Insidewasapieceofrock,asanddollaranda

shark〔鯊魚(yú)〕tooth.Nobodycouldhaveanythingasinterestingasthese!

Inclass,Jimmywaitedanxiously,hopingtobecalledonfirstbytheteacher.ButKarawasfirst.

Sheheldupasanddollar.Jimmy'seyesgrewbig.

"Ifoundthisonthebeach,nKarasaid."It'sinteresting.Thelittleholesthatmakethesand

dollarlooklikeaflowerarebreathingholes.SeealltheneedlesTheyhelpthesanddollarmoveand

digintothesand."

Jimmywasalittleuneasy.Oh,well,hestillhadhisrockandsharktooth.

ThenMarkstoodup."Thisismyfavoriterock,calledpumice。"ThenMarkdropped

therockintoaglassofwater."Look!Pumiceistheonlyrockthatfloats!"

Jimmyputuphishandandwaved,buttheteachercalledonJustininstead.

"IfoundthissharktoothinHawaiilastChristmas,"Justinsaid.Theclasswasexcited,butJimmy

loweredhishead.

"Sharkshaverowsofteeth.Everytimeasharklosesatooth,anotheronetakesitsplace.

"Justinpassedthetootharound.

Jimmyheardtheteachercallhim.Hestoodononefootandthentheother."Well,ah,see…my

treasureboxisinteresting!ItwasjustapieceofwooduntilDadandIcutitintopiecesandfinally

madeaboxoutofit.Itsmellsgood,remindingusofcamping."

"What'sinside"askedUsa.

Jimmyopenedhisbox,"Asanddollar,apieceofpumiceandasharktooth."

Hisclassmates*mouthsdroppedopen.Theteacherlookedattheobjectsintheboxandsmiled.

"Nowthat'sinteresting!"hesaid.

1.OntheSharingDayjimmy.

A.boughtatreasureboxtoholdhisinterestingthings

B.enjoyedthethingsothersbroughttotheclass

C.waitedpatientlytobecalledonbyhisteacher

D.wishedtobethefirsttosharehispossessions

【答案】D

【解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段可知，課堂上，吉米焦急地等待著，希望老師能第一個(gè)叫

他來(lái)分享自己的東西。故此題選D.

2.WhatdoesasanddollarlooklikeaccordingtoKara

A.Ahole.B.Aneedle.C.Aflower.D.Atooth.

【答案】C

【解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第四段可知，卡拉提到她在沙灘上找到了一個(gè)海膽，海膽上的小洞

洞讓海膽看起來(lái)像一朵花，這些洞洞是海膽的呼吸口，海膽上的針狀物幫助海膽移動(dòng)，并鉆進(jìn)沙

子。故此題選C.

3.Whosharedwiththeclassarockthatfloats

A.Lisa.B.Kara.C.Justin.D.Mark.

【答案】D

應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第六段可知，馬克站了起來(lái)，分享了他最喜愛(ài)的石頭一浮

石。故此題選D.

4.HowdidJimmy'sclassmatesfeelwhentheysawthethingsinhisbox

A.Disappointed.

B.Surprised.

C.Anxious.

D.Uneasy.

【答案】B

【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后兩段可知，當(dāng)馬克翻開(kāi)了他的盒子的時(shí)候，同學(xué)們不由得張開(kāi)

了嘴巴。由此可知，同學(xué)們張開(kāi)嘴巴這一舉動(dòng)表示他們很驚訝。disappointed失望的；surprised

驚訝的；anxious焦慮的;uneasy不安的。故此題選B.

〔八〕

Nineteen-year-oldMelissaGozacouldn'tfigureoutwhyshefailedtogetabankcardtimeand

timeagain.ItonlybecameclearwhenshewasunsuccessfulwhilelookingforanewjobinaTarget

store:ThreedifferentpeopleareusingherSocialSecuritynumber（社會(huì)保障號(hào)〕。

TargetisoneofthecompaniesusingcreditCf言用〕reportswhenhiringnewworkers.Atleast

onecreditreportdidn'tfavorGozaingettingthejob.Averylowcreditrate（雨介〕wasunderGoza's

SocialSecuritynumber.Target,asreuiredbylaw,toldGozawhythecompanycouldn'tofferherthe

job.

SacramentolawyerJenniferShaw,aspecialistinworkplacelaw,sayscreditreportsarejustone

morewayemployersusetofinddishonestjobseekers."Ithinkweneedtoknowthat,right

now,there'smoreinformationoutthere.Andthatmeans,there'smoreinformationthatcanbeused

againstus,"saidShaw.

Goza'sdarkcloudmay,however,haveasilverlining.Targettoldhershe'dbeconsideredagain

forthejobifshecouldgetaletterfromtheSocialSecurityDepartmentprovingthatshe'stheright

owneroftheSocialSecuritynumber.

NowthatGozaknowsshe'ssufferedfromotherpeople'swrongdoings,shewillordercopiesof

hercreditreportstoseewhatshecandotoputthingsright.

1.WhatdoweknowaboutGoza

A.ShegotthejobfromTarget.

B.Shehashadthreebadfriends.

C.Shedoesn'thaveabankcardyet.

D.ShewasnothonestwithTarget.

【答案】C

【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第一句可知，梅麗莎?戈札已經(jīng)十九歲了，她不明白為

什么她每次申請(qǐng)銀行卡都以失敗告終。由此可知，戈扎還沒(méi)有銀行卡。故此題選C.

2.WhatdidTargetfirstdowhenrefusingtoofferGozathejob

A.Theyaskedherforcreditreports.

B.Theytoldherwhyshecouldn'tgetthejob.

C.Theyfoundoutherwrongdoings.

D.TheyreportedittotheSocialSecurityDepartment.

【答案】B

【解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句可知，塔吉特公司拒絕給戈扎提供工作后，按照

法律的規(guī)定，告訴了戈扎原因。故此題選B.

3.Whatdoes"asilverlining"inParagraph4probablymean

A.Ahopefulfuture.

B.Abankreport.

C.Anofficialletter.

D.ASocialSecuritynumber.

【答案】A

【解析】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段可知，塔吉特公司告訴戈扎如果社會(huì)保障部門(mén)愿意給

她開(kāi)一封信，證明她是社會(huì)保障號(hào)碼的合法所有者的話，就會(huì)重新考慮她的求職申請(qǐng)。由此

可知，此處表示情況的反轉(zhuǎn),因此asilverlining和前面的darkcloud意思相反，darkcloud表

示"烏云"，而asilverlining應(yīng)該表示“烏云周?chē)陌坠?，引申義是“一線希望"，說(shuō)明情況

出現(xiàn)了轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)，戈扎的工作有了希望。ahopefulfuture意為"充滿希望的未來(lái)"，與asilver

lining意思相近，故此題選A.

4.WhatdoesGozahavetodonext

A.Clearupherwrongcreditreports.

B.GetanewSocialSecuritynumber.

D.Applyforanewbankcard.

C.Findajobinanothercompany.

【答案】A

【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段可知，戈扎知道她現(xiàn)在是在為他人的錯(cuò)誤行為買(mǎi)單，于

是她決定申請(qǐng)自己的信用報(bào)告的副本，看看自己能做些什么，以便將問(wèn)題解決。由此可知，戈扎

接下來(lái)決定解決自己的信用報(bào)告有誤這個(gè)問(wèn)題。故此題選A.

〔九〕

WhenIwasatschool,ourteachertoldtheclass/zYouarewhatyoueat/'MyfriendsandI

wouldlaughandcalleachother"hamburger”and〃biscuits〃.Ourteacherwastryingtoshowus

theimportanceofeatingtherightfoodtostayhealthy.

Thiswas30yearsagowhentherewerebigmovementstomakeBritishpeoplehealthier.We

startedtoeatboiledpotatoesinsteadofFrenchfriesanddrinkfat-freemilkinsteadofwholemilk.

AtfirstIfeltmypotatoeshadnotasteatall.ButafterawhileIstartedtopreferhealthierfood

becauseIfeltstrongerandIdidn'tgetsicksooften.

Soweagreethatyoubecomewhatyoueat.Doyouknowwhatyourfriendseatjustbylooking

atthemWhenyouknowtheeffectsofdifferenttypesoffood,youcanuseyourknowledgewell

andeatwhatyouwanttobecome.

Foodhasbeensoimportanttoourhealth.Everyonehastheirownadvicetogive,whichthey

havereadaboutorhavebeentoldbyolderpeople.However,someofthesepiecesofadviceseem

todisagreewitheachother.Forexample,somesayz/Eatingchocolatemakesyoufat,“while

otherssay"/Chocolatecontainstheimportantmineralslikeironandmagnesium.Infact,whatwe

needto

findoutiswhattypeofchocolatetoeatandhowmuchofittoeat.

1.Whatdidtheteachermeanby“Youarewhatyoueat"inParagraph1

A.It'sfuntobecalledhamburgerorbiscuits.

B.Yourlifelookslikewhatyoueat.

C.Itsimportanttoeatwhatyoulike.

D.Yourhealthdependsonwhatyoueat.

【答案】D

【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第三句可知，老師提出這種說(shuō)法的目的在于向同學(xué)們

說(shuō)明健康飲食的重要性。故此題選D.

2.Whichofthefollowingdoestheauthorprobablylikenow

A.Boiledpotatoes.B.Friedchicken.

C.Frenchfries.D.Wholemilk.

【答案】A

【解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段可知，作者的飲食習(xí)慣發(fā)生了改變，逐漸接受并喜歡上了煮

的土豆。B項(xiàng)（炸雞）、C項(xiàng)（法式炸薯?xiàng)l）和D項(xiàng)（全脂牛奶）均屬于被替換掉的食物。故此

題選A.

3.Whatistheauthor'sopiniononadvice

A.Refuseitifyoudon*tlikeit.

B.Passittoyourfriends.

C.Acceptitifyouhavereadaboutit.

D.Consideritwhenmakingyourdecision.

【答案】D

【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句可知，面對(duì)他人的建議，人們應(yīng)該有自己的思考

與判斷。故此題選D.

〔十〕

Nancywantedtomakegooduseofhersparetime.Soshedecidedtoworkfortheunderdog.

Forthepastseveralyears,shehasbeenputtingherexperienceandenergytohelpadisadvantaged

highschoolstudent.

Nancyknewthatherknowledgewouldbebestsharedinaone-to-onesituation.Shefoundher

perfectmatchinOperationJumpStart（OJS）.

OJSwasfoundedin1994inLongBeach,California,withthegoalofhelpingstudentsreachfor

highereducation.Itpairsstudentswithexperiencedvolunteers,andprovidesthemwithworkshops

onwriting,leadershipdevelopment,andguidedtoursofvariouscolleges.

Sinceitsstart,OJShashelped80studentsgraduatefromhighschool,with95percentmoving

ontohighereducation.

Nancyandthegirl,Yanira,spentmostoftheirtimeonschoolwork.Togetherthetwooften

wenttomuseums,zoos,themovies,andconcerts;theyevensangintheschoolholidayshow

together!

“IknowI'mnotlikeanyoneelseinYanira'slife,“Nancysays,"It'sbeengreattogettoknow

herandtowatchherchange,grow,andlearn.”

MuchtoNancy'sexcitement,YaniraplanstoattendJohnJayCollegeinNewYorkCity,where

Nancy'sfathertaughtforhiswholelife.Z/ThesedaysIshareherdream,andifshegetsacceptedI

hopetotraveltoNewYorkwithherandshowheraround/'Nancysays.

1.Theword//underdog/，inPara1probablyrefersto.

A.smarthighschoolstudents

B.dogsthatarenotlikedbytheirowners.

C.studentswhoneedhelptosucceed.

D.poorcompanyworkers.

【答案】C

【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段可知，為了充分利用課余時(shí)間，南希在過(guò)去的幾年里一直

在幫助一名高中差生。由此推斷出underdog指的是需要他人在學(xué)業(yè)上予以幫助的學(xué)生。故此題

選C.

2.WhatisOperationJumpStart(OJS)inthetext

A.It*sacompanyprovidingjobsforpeoplelikeNancy.

B.It'saprogramtrainingvoluntes.

C.It'saschoolteachingleadershipskills.

D.It*sanorganizationhelpinghighschoolstudents.

【答案】D

【解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段第一句可知，OJS是一個(gè)旨在幫助學(xué)生接受高等教育的組

織。故此題選D.

3.WhoisYanirainthestory

A.AvolunteerOJSsupported.

B.AstudentNancyhelped.

C.AteacherfromJohnJayCollege.

D.ArelativeofNancy's.

【答案】B

【解析】推理判斷題。文章第五段第一句提到南希和一名叫雅妮拉的女孩把大局部時(shí)間

都花費(fèi)在學(xué)業(yè)上。第六段南希說(shuō)自己不同于雅妮拉生命中的其他任何人，與她相識(shí)，看到她

的改變、成長(zhǎng)與進(jìn)步是很棒的事。此外，第一段第三句提到南希在過(guò)去的幾年里一直在幫助

一名高中生。由此可知，雅妮拉正是南希所幫助的那名學(xué)生。故