2023年安達市考研《英語一》押題密卷含解析

2023年安達市考研《英語一》押題密卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Alovelylittlegirlwasholdingtwoappleswithbothhands.Hermumcameinand1askedherlittledaughterwithasmile,“Mysweetie,couldyougiveyourmumoneofyourtwoapples?”Thegirllooked2athermumforsomeseconds,thenshesuddenlytookaquick3ononeapple,andthenquicklyontheother.Themumfeltthesmileonherface4.Shetriedhardnottoshowher5.Thenthelittlegirlhandedoneofher6applestohermum,andsaid,“Mummy,hereyouare.Thisisthe7one.”Nomatterwhoyouare,howexperiencedyouare,andhowknowledgeableyouthinkyouare,always8judgment.Giveotherstheprivilegeto9themselves.Whatyouseemaynotbethe10.Neverconcludeforothers,whichiswhyweshouldneveronly11thesurfaceandjudgeotherswithoutunderstandingthem12.Thosewholiketopaythebill,dosonotbecausetheyareloaded,butbecausetheyvalue13abovemoney.Thosewho14firstafterafight,dosonotbecausetheyarewrongbutbecausetheyvaluethepeoplearoundthem.Thosewhooftentextyou,dosonotbecausetheyhave15bettertodobutbecauseyouareintheirheart.Oneday,allofuswillget16fromeachother；wewillmissourconversationsofeverything¬hing；wewillmissthe17thatwehad.Dayswillpassby,months,years,18thiscontactbecomesrare—Onedayourchildrenwillseeour19andask“Whoarethesepeople?”Andwewillsmilewithinvisibletearsbecauseaheartistouchedwithastrongwordandyouwillsay,“20WASTHEMTHATIHADTHEBESTDAYSOFMYLIFEWITH.”1、A．quickly B．softly C．curiously D．sadly2、A．up B．down C．out D．a(chǎn)round3、A．look B．taste C．bite D．try4、A．remain B．rise C．speed D．freeze5、A．satisfaction B．disappointment C．a(chǎn)musement D．confusion6、A．rotten B．deserted C．split D．bitten7、A．sweeter B．bigger C．fresher D．juicier8、A．offer B．delay C．stop D．pass9、A．criticize B．reflect C．explain D．introduce10、A．result B．purpose C．a(chǎn)ttempt D．reality11、A．workout B．holdup C．focuson D．giveup12、A．first B．last C．wrong D．little13、A．friendship B．material C．bill D．surface14、A．sacrifice B．suffer C．survive D．a(chǎn)pologize15、A．something B．nothing C．everything D．a(chǎn)nything16、A．lost B．retired C．separated D．divorced17、A．talks B．a(chǎn)rgument C．dreams D．contradict18、A．until B．when C．though D．a(chǎn)fter19、A．a(chǎn)rticles B．stories C．telephones D．pictures20、A．WHAT B．IT C．THAT D．SUCHSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Everybodylovesafatpayrise.Yetpleasureatyourowncanvanishifyoulearnthatacolleaguehasbeengivenabiggerone.Indeed,ifhehasareputationforslacking,youmightevenbeoutraged.Suchbehaviourisregardedas“alltoohuman,”withtheunderlyingassumptionthatotheranimalswouldnotbecapableofthisfinelydevelopedsenseofgrievance(不滿,不平).ButastudybySarahBrosnanandFransdeWaalofEmoryUniversityinAtlanta,Georgia,whichhasjustbeenpublishedinNature,suggeststhatitisalltoomonkey,aswell.Theresearchersstudiedthebehaviouroffemalebrowncapuchinmonkeys.Theylookcute.Theyaregood-natured,co-operativecreatures,andtheysharetheirfoodreadily.Aboveall,liketheirfemalehumancounterparts,theytendtopaymuchcloserattentiontothevalueof“goodsandservices”thanmales.SuchcharacteristicsmakethemperfectcandidatesforDr.Brosnan’sandDr.deWaalsstudy.Theresearchersspenttwoyearsteachingtheirmonkeystoexchangetokensforfood.Normally,themonkeyswerehappyenoughtoexchangepiecesofrockforslicesofcucumber.However,whentwomonkeyswereplacedinseparatebutadjoiningchambers,sothateachcouldobservewhattheotherwasgettinginreturnforitsrock,theirbehaviourbecamemarkedlydifferent.Intheworldofcapuchins,grapesareluxurygoods(andmuchpreferabletocucumbers).Sowhenonemonkeywashandedagrapeinexchangeforhertoken,thesecondwasreluctanttohandhersoverforamerepieceofcucumber.Andifonereceivedagrapewithouthavingtoprovidehertokeninexchangeatall,theothereithertossedherowntokenattheresearcheroroutofthechamber,orrefusedtoacceptthesliceofcucumber.Indeed,themerepresenceofagrapeintheotherchamber(withoutanactualmonkeytoeatit)wasenoughtoinduceresentment(憤恨)inafemalecapuchin.Theresearcherssuggestthatcapuchinmonkeys,likehumans,areguidedbysocialemotions.Inthewild,theyareaco-operative,group-livingspecies.Suchcooperationislikelytobestableonlywheneachanimalfeelsitisnotbeingcheated.Feelingsofrighteousindignation(憤慨),itseems,arenotthepreserveofpeoplealone.Refusingalesserrewardcompletelymakesthesefeelingsabundantlycleartoothermembersofthegroup.However,whethersuchasenseoffairnessevolvedindependentlyincapuchinsandhumans,orwhetheritstemsfromthecommonancestorthatthespecieshad35millionyearsago,is,asyet,anunansweredquestion.388、Intheopeningparagraph,theauthorintroduceshistopicby________.A．makingacomparison B．justifyinganassumptionC．makingaconclusion D．explainingaphenomenon1、Thestatement“itisalltoomonkey”(Lastline,ParagraphI)impliesthat________.A．resentingunfairnessisalsomonkeysnatureB．monkeysarealsooutragedbyslackrivalsC．monkeys,likehumans,tendtobejealousofeachotherD．noanimalsotherthanmonkeyscandevelopsuchemotions2、Dr.BrosnanandDr.deWaalhaveeventuallyfoundintheirstudythatthemonkeys________.A．prefergrapestocucumbersB．willnotbeco-operativeiffeelingcheatedC．canbetaughttoexchangethingsD．a(chǎn)reunhappywhenseparatedfromothers3、Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Monkeyscanbetrainedtodevelopsocialemotions.B．Cooperationamongmonkeysremainsstableonlyinthewild.C．Animalsusuallyshowtheirfeelingsopenlyashumansdo.D．Humanindignationevolvedfromanuncertainsource.Text2Five-year-oldPrisillaPerez,astudentatMeadorElementarySchoolinWillis,wasunhappywithherrecenthaircut,whichresultedfromaseveredisease.WhenstudentsinherclassstartedcallingPrisillaaboy,shefeltashamed,oftencryingandlosingfocusinschool.Herteacher,ShannonGrimm,sympathizedwithherunhappiness.GrimmandPrisilla’smomwereconcerned,buttheirideasdidn’twork.“Wehadclassroomdiscussionsabouthowgirlshaveshorthairandboyshavelonghair,andIshowedthemphotosofmoviestarswithdifferentlooks,”Grimmsaid.“However,itwasn’tsinkingin.”GrimmthoughtaboutPrisillathroughoutwinterbreak,andonemorning,shehadanidea:Cutoffherhair---ascarythoughtforGrimm,whoworeherhairlongandtookprideinit.“I’veneverhadshorthair,andIstressedaboutitfortwoweeksbeforemakingadecision,”shesaid.OnJan.4,Grimminvitedahairstylistfriendtoherhome.“Itoldhimtokeepgoing,evenifIcried,”shesaid.Theclasslovedtheirteacher’snewdo,especiallyPrisilla,whoexcitedlyranofftheschoolbusthatafternoonyelling,“Mom,Ms.Grimmcutherhair!”Theteacheralsoboughtmatchingbowsforherselfandthegirl,sotheycouldstyletheirhairtogether.InFebruary,theteacherrecommendedPrisillafortheschooldistrict’sStudentoftheMonthAward,butduringtheMondayceremony,shereceivedasurprise“heromedal”fromthegirl.“Nowwehavematchingawards,”saysGrimm.Prisilla’smother,Maria,saidthatGrimm’sthoughtfulnessbroughthertotears.“Iwasshocked.Iwascrying.Icouldn’tbelieveit---shedidsomethingIwouldn’thavethebraverytodo.Iwillneverforgetthat.”1、WhywasPrisillaunhappyatschool?A．Shewasn’tsatisfiedwithherteacher.B．Shecouldn’tconcentrateinclass.C．Shewaslaughedatbyherclassmates.D．Shecouldn’tgetonwellwithothers.2、WhatmadeGrimmhaveherownhaircut?A．Praisefromherstudents. B．Devotiontoherstudents.C．RequestofPrisilla’smother. D．Suggestionfromthehairstylist.3、WhatcanweknowaboutGrimm?A．ShehadherhaircuttogetherwithPrisilla.B．Sheexpressedhersincerethankstoherpupils.C．Shehesitatedalotbeforehavingherhaircut.D．Shewonagoldmedalforfacingdifficultiesbravely.4、Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．HowGrimmhelpedherstudentout. B．WhatproblemPrisillahadatschool.C．WhyPrisillawontheMonthAward. D．WhenGrimmgothernewhairstyle.Text3Askanyreaderswhotheirfavoritefictionalcharacterinanovelisandyou’lllikelygetadetailedexplanationaboutthebelovedcharacterthattheyadmire.Itmightevensoundlikethey’retalkingaboutapersontheyknow.Inastudy,researcherslookedatthebrainsofagroupofpeopleoverninedays.HalfofthegroupreadthenovelPompeii,andhalfdidn’t.Afterexamining,researchersfoundthereaders’brainsshowedheightenedconnectivity(連通性)insomeareas.Thisislikelybecausethebrainimaginesthemovementandemotionsofthecharactertheyreadaboutinthebook.Eventhoughtheparticipantswerethenaskednottoreadthenovel,theykeptthisheightenedconnectivity.Wecallthata“shadowactivity”,almostlikeamusclememory.Soevenafteryou’vefinishedabook,yourbrainkeepsthosebenefitsforsometimeafterwards.Ithasbeensuggestedthatpeoplewhoreadalotoffictionbecomemoreempathic(移情作用的),becausefictionisasimulation(模仿)ofsocialexperiences,inwhichpeoplepracticeandimprovetheirinterpersonalskills.Thepeoplewhonotonlyreadfiction,butfeltahighlevelof“emotionaltransportation”whilereading---ascomparedtopeoplewhoweren’ttakenbythestoryorwhoreadnon-fiction---displayedhigherlevelsofempathywhentested.Increaseofempathyisimportantforpeoplebecauseempathyispositivelyrelatedtocreativity,performanceatworkandcooperativebehaviors.Besides,readingimproves“TheoryofMind”.Itis“theabilitytounderstandthatothershavementalstatesthataredifferentfromone’sown.”O(jiān)fvariousactivities,readingnovelshasbeenfoundtoimprovethisability,whilewatchingtelevisionprogramsormovieshasbeenfoundtodojusttheopposite---areducedunderstandingofothersandweakercognitive(認知的)developmentoverall.Maybeweshouldputmoreofapriorityonnovel-reading.Andmanyreadersbelievethatreadinganovelisfarbetterandmoremeaningfulthanwatchinganymovie.AsDavidKiddoftheNewSchoolstudysaid,“Fictionisnotjustasimulatorofasocialexperience;itisasocialexperience.”1、WhatisimpliedintheParagraph2?A．Readingnovelsisjustawasteoftime.B．Readingnovelscanhelppeoplebecomehappy.C．Readingnovelsincreasesconnectivityinourbrain.D．Readingnovelshelpsenhanceourmemorygreatly.2、WhatdoweknowaboutnovelreadersfromParagraph3?A．Theytendtobeemotionalinsocialexperiences.B．Theyunderstandtheemotionsofpeoplebetter.C．Theyliketotalkabouttheirfavoritecharacters.D．Theyaremoresensitivetoeverything.3、What’stheeffectofwatchingTVormovies?A．Itdistinguishesyourviewsfromthoseofothers.B．Itcontributestoyourcognitivedevelopment.C．Itreducesyourempathyforothersalot.D．Itchangesyouroverallmentalstates.4、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“priority”inthelastparagraphmean?A．Preference. B．Authority.C．Exposure. D．Evaluation.Text4Myrbetriqisaprescription（處方）medicationforadultsusedtotreatthefollowingsymptomsduetoaconditioncalledoveractivebladder:●Urgeurinaryincontinence:astrongneedtourinatewithleakingorwettingaccidents.●Urgency:astrongneedtourinaterightaway.●Frequency:urinatingoften.ItisnotknownifMyrbetriqissafeandeffectiveinchildren.BeforeyoutakeMyrbetriq,tellyourdoctoraboutallofyourmedicalconditions,includingifyou:●haveliverproblemsorkidneyproblems.●haveveryhighuncontrolledbloodpressure.●havetroubleemptyingyourbladderoryouhaveaweakurinestream.●arepregnantorplantobecomepregnant.●arebreastfeedingorplantobreastfeed.TakeMyrbetriqexactlyasyourdoctortellsyouto:●TakelMyrbetriqtabletltimeaday.●TakeMyrbetriqwithwaterandswallowthetabletwhole.Dotchew,break,orcrushthetablet.●TakeMyrbetriqwithorwithoutfood.Specialattention●IfyoumissadoseofMyrbetriq,begintakingMyrbetriqagainthenextday.●IfyoutaketoomuchMyrbetriq,callyourdoctororgotothenearesthospitalemergencyroomrightaway.Myrbetriqmaycauseserioussideeffectsincluding:●increasedbloodpressure●dizziness●commoncoldsymptoms●jointpain●drymouth●headache●flusymptoms●constipation●urinarytractinfection●sinus(sinusirritation)●backpain●inflammationofthebladder(cystitis)Tellyourdoctorifyouhaveanysideeffectthatbothersyouorthatdoesnotgoaway.ThesearenotallthepossiblesideeffectsofMyrbetriq.Callyourdoctorformedicaladviceaboutsideeffects.YoumayreportsideeffectstotheFDAatl-800-FDA-1088.Storagerequirements:●StoreMyrbetriqbetween59°Fto86°F(15℃to30℃).Keepthebottleclosed.●Safelythrowawaymedicinethatisoutofdateornolongerneeded.●KeepMyrbetriqandallmedicinesoutofthereachofchildren.1、Whoisnotsuitableforthismedicine?A．Grown-ups. B．Children.C．Women. D．Oldpeople..2、InwhichsituationdoyouneedtotellthedoctorbeforetakingMyrbetriq?A．Beingawould-bemother. B．Goingtotakeanexam.C．Havingheart&lungproblems. D．Sufferingmildhighbloodpressure.3、HowshouldyoustoreMyrbetriq?A．Reserveitinthefreezingchamber. B．Keepitawayfromchildren.C．Storeitwiththebottleopen. D．Preserveitasyoulike.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)TheAfricanelephant,thelargestlandanimalremainingontheearth,isofgreatimportancetoAfricanecosystemUnlikeotheranimals,theAfricanelephantis1．a(chǎn)greatdegreethebuilderofitsenvironmentAsabigplant-eater,itshapesthesurroundingsin2．itlives,therefore3．(influence)theexistenceofmillionsofotheranimalsItistheelephant’sgreatdesireforfood4．makesitadisturberoftheenvironmentandanimportantbuilderof5．(it)habitatInitscontinuoussearchforthe300poundsofplantsitmusthaveeveryday,itkillssmalltreesandunder-bushes,6．pullsbranchesoffbigtreesThisresultsinopenspaceinthetropicalforestwhich7．(need)forthegrowthofotherplantsInthisopenspace8．(be)countlessplantsinvariousstagesofgrowthWhatworriesscientistsnowisthattheAfricanelephanthasbecomean9．(endanger)speciesIftheelephantdisappears,scientistssay,manyotheranimalswillalsodisappearfromvastareasofforestandsavanna,10．(great)changingandworseningthewholeecosystemWhenIleftfortheUnitedStatestostudy，IhadbutterfliesinmystomachIwasnervousbecauseIwasgoingto1．newplacewithnewpeopleandnewcustomsIcouldn'tevenunderstand2．(they)languageEverythingwasdifferent3．myowncountryTherewasnobodythatIcouldtalktoIjusthadmyhusband，4．wasanewpersonforme，tooItwasasadmomentwhenIhadtosaygoodbyetomyfamilyandfriendsIdidn'twant5．(leave)myhometownbecauseIgrewupthereandhadwonderful6．(memory)oftheplaceSo，7．(think)aboutallthesechangesmademenervousandIwas8．(worry)aboutmynewlifeButstudyingabroadwasa9．(decide)thatImademyselfIhadtocontinueandacceptthechallengeIlookedforwardto10．(visit)myfamilyinthesummervacationSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Solarenergy,whichcomesfromthesun’srays,isusedforelectricity,hotwater,andcooking.1、Whentravelingalongwayandenteringtheearth’satmospheretheybecomedilute(稀薄的).Thoughsolarenergyisknowntobeenvironmentallyfriendly,ithasnotonlysomeadvantagesbutalsosomedisadvantages.Let’sstartwiththesimpleadvantageofsolarenergy.2、Tomakeelectricityorheatwithsolarenergyyouonlyneedthesun’sraysanddon’tuseoil.Solarenergyischeapercomparedwithelectricheating.3、Ifyouliveinafarawayareawheretherearenopowerlines,usingsolarenergycanbetheanswer.Eventhoughalloftheaboveisveryuseful,solarenergyalsohassomedisadvantages.Themaindisadvantageofsolarenergyisthatit’sdilute.Thismeansyouhavetohavemanysolarcollectorsfixedaroundyourhouse.4、Anotherdisadvantageisthatsolarenergycan’tbeproducedinalltheplaces.Ifyou’relivinginapartofthisbeautifulplanetwherethereisnotmuchsunlightthenusingsolarenergycouldbeaproblem.Ofcourseifyouliveindesertareas,thesunproducesmuchsunshineforthemostpartoftheyearanditisidealforsolarenergycollecting.5、Thereforeifyouneedelectricityorhotwaterduringthenight,likemanyofusdo,itcanbeaproblem.You’llneedbatterysystemsthatcanstoresolarenergyforlateruse.A．Solarenergyisclean.B．Thesunhasmuchenergy.C．Lastly,thesunonlyshinesduringtheday.D．Thesun’srayscomefromthefarawaysun.E.Thatisanotherbigadvantageofsolarenergy.F.Fixingsolarenergyinyourhomeisagoodchoiceforyou.G.Solarenergymaybecheapbutthesolarcollectorsareexpensive.Wealldesiretoberespected,butitdoesn’tcomeeasilyjustbymerewishing.Outlinedbelowaresomes