2023北京一六六中高二上學(xué)期期末英語(yǔ)試題及答案

2023北京一六六中高二（上）期末英語(yǔ)第一部分：知識(shí)運(yùn)用共兩節(jié)，25分)第一節(jié)：完型填空(共10題每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Ihadofferedwatchmysothatcouldoutafriend.Iwasgettingworkdonemystudywhilesheappearedbehavingagoodtheotherroom.problem,Ifigured.Butthenalittletoo___1___andIshouted,“Whataredoing?”I___2___questionandheardher“Oh,…nothing.”Nothing?Iupfrommydeskandranoutintothelivingroom,whereIsawherrunningacrossthehall.Ifollowedandwatchedherasherlittlebehind(屁股)madeaquick___3___intothebathroom.Ihadher___4___!Itoldherturnaround.Sherefused.IpulledoutbigDaddyvoice,Isaid,“turnaround!”___5___,sheturnedtowardInherhandwaswhatwasleftofnewlipstick,andeverysquareinchofherfacewas___6___brightred!shelookedupatfearfuleyes,Iheardeveryvoicethathadbeenshoutedmeasachild:Howcouldshouldknow…Howtimeshavebeen___7___…WhatabadthingdowasjustamatterofmypickingoutwhicholdwordsIwasgoinguseonhersothatshewouldknowwhatabadgirlshehadbeen.ButbeforeIcouldletloose(發(fā)火),Ilookeddownatthesweateronbigletterssaid,“I’mAPERFECTLITTLEANGEL!”Ilookedbackupintohereyesand,insteadofseeingabadgirlwholisten,Isawalittleangelfullof___8___thatIhaddangerouslyclosedestroying.apicturesothatMummycanseehow___9___look.”ItookthepictureandthankedGodthatI___10___thechanceprovewhataperfectlittlehehadgiven1.longquietcalmstrangerepeatedstep2.asked3.waysettledturnraisedconcernedAngrilyprintedfrightenedpities4.followed5.Slowly6.filled7.forbidden8.tricks9.dirtyscoldedEagerlymarkedbeatenvaluefooledUnfortunatelycoveredtoldsadnessspecial10.havemiss第二節(jié)：語(yǔ)法填空(共10題每小題1分，滿分10分)A閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫(xiě)1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。第1共頁(yè)P(yáng)robablyoneofthemostbeneficial(innovation)dripirrigation,whichhasmade____12____possibledevelopgreenfarmsthemiddleofthedesert.____13____therehavebeenexperimentsdifferentplacesthepastdripirrigationatheMiddleEasterncountryofIsraelthatdripirrigationhasamodernsuccess.B閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫(xiě)1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Onewaymoreoutofyourlistening____14____(predict)whatUsingthepictures____15____(provide)andtheknowledgealreadyhave,canguessthekindsofinformationshouldlistentimes,mayevenbeableguessexactlywhat____16____(talk)about.Thishelpfocusbetterwhenlistening,____17____(make)yourlisteningC閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫(xiě)1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。thoughLeonardobeganhiscareerasaheoftenworkedasanOnereasonwas____18____Italywasatandpeopleneededengineershelpbuildcitydefencesthantheyneededartists.Afterhisdeath,wasdiscovered____19____hehadkeptmanynotebooksdescribingandillustratinghishisinventions,andhisscientificresearch.Noneofthemwerepublisheduntilthelate19thUntilthen,fewpeoplehadhadanyidea____20____theycontained.第二部分：閱讀理解(共三節(jié)，43分)第一節(jié)共題;每小題2分，滿分22分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的、B、、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ADuringhisschool's“CollegeColoursDay”,afourth-gradeboyFlorida,whodreamsbecomeastudentoftheUniversityofwantedwearashirtofthebuthedidn'thaveone.Laurasuggestedthatheshouldwearanorangeshirtshowhisspirit.Whenthedayfinallyarrived,theboywassoexcitedshowhisshirt-anoneapieceofpaperattachedonwhichwashishomemadedesignofthelogo.Butbylunchtime,thespiritedfanwastears.Somegirlsbullied(霸凌)himandmadefunofhisdesignthathehadpinnedhisshirt.BackSnyderroom,heputhisheadondeskandwasdevastated.hopesofraisingthespirits,SnyderplannedonbuyinghimanofficialUniversityofandaskedfriendsonlinetheyhadcontactstheuniversitywhocould“makealittleextraspecialforhim.”ThepostimmediatelywentviralandSnyderwascontactedbytheUniversityofinformingherthattheywantedsendtheboyacarepackageofswagandapparel(服裝)supportofhim.Thedidn'tendhere.TheUniversityofsaidwasturninghisdesignintoanofficialandhadpre-soldmorethan50,000shirtsonline.Theuniversitywon'tprofitfromtheshirts:It第2共頁(yè)donatingthemoneyacharitydedicated(致力于)gettingridofbullyingofallforms.Itoldhimthathisdesignwasbeingintoarealshirtandpeoplewantedwearhisjawdropped,"said“Hehadabigsmileonhisface,andIcouldtellhisconfidencegrew!”recognitionofthefourth-grader'sspirit,theuniversityhasalsoextendedanofhonoraryadmissionforhimjointheClassof2032.Inaddition,hehasbeenawardedascholarshiphedecidesattend2028andadmissionrequirements.21.Howdidtheboyreacthisschool's“CollegeColoursDay”?preparedforacreativedesign.dreamedofwinningaonthewasafraidofbeinglaughedatonthewasshyofjoiningwithoutauniversityshirt.22.Howdidtheboyprobablyfeelafterlunchonthe“CollegeColourDay”?Excitedandthankful.ConfidentandNervousandworried.Shockedandsad.23.WhatSnyderdidfortheboyshowsthat_________.astrongvitalsuccessapromiseone'stheyouthshouldbetreatedequallycaringcanabigdifferenceBbeplasticbagsarerightlythoughtofasathreatthat'sharmfulhumanhealth.AccordingtheNationalResourcesDefenseCouncil,overadecadeago,theAmericanfamilytookhomealmost1,500plasticshoppingbagsafillingourcabinets,kitchendrawers,andlandfills(垃圾填埋場(chǎng)).thenumbersareslightlybetter:AccordingNationalGeographic,asof2018,shopperstheUnitedStatesusealmostoneplasticbagperresidentperThisnotastoryontheofplastics,butonwhetherthereusablebagcanjustifyexistence.Althoughenvironmentallyfriendlythantraditionalsingle-useplasticbags,reusablebags,dependingonwhattheyareof,aremoreenergy-intensive(耗能)recycle.AccordingareportbytheUnitedNationsEnvironmentProgram,“dependingonwhattheyaremadeof,reusablebagshavebedeconstructedacostlyrecyclingprocessseparatethedifferentmaterials.aresult,cases,reusablearenotrecycled."Thatmeansdespitethebestintentions,millionsofreusablebagsdesignedreplacetheneedfortraditionalplasticshoppingbags,alsoenduplandfills.AnotherpointnotallreusablebagsareequaltermsoftheirThereareawiderange第3共頁(yè)ofreusablebagoptionsonthemarket,andreusablebagstendbemadeofmorethanonematerialthebagaddedreinforcement(耐用)andaddedstreetfashion.acyclebasis,heavierbags-nomatterwhatmaterialtheyaremadeof-willhaveamoresevereenvironmentalbecauseheavierbagsusemoreresourcesproduceaswellasdistribute.Justlikeplasticbagsdid,reusablebagsmultiplyUsedforpromotional(促銷的)purposesandmarketingofallkinds,reusablebags'growingpopularitymeansthathavebeenusedlittle(ornotatall)canbefoundpiledstreets,garbagecanscityparks,andbasicallyeverywhere.Therefore,consumershaveseethemasdisposable,defeatingtheirpurpose.theend,thebestpracticeforreusablehavenohalfmeasures:Eitherusethemalltheorusethematall.Usingareusablebagonceortwice,andthenthrowingdoesn'tdotheenvironmentanyfavors.24.Whatcanlearnfromthepassage?Plasticbagsarerefusedbyenvironmentalists.ShopsAmericahavelimitedtheuseofplasticbags.TheneedofstrongandfashionablereusablebagsthantheReusablebagsdemandmoreresourcesproduceandrecyclethanexpected.25.Thewords“verypurpose"Paragraph6refertheintentionof__________.beingleftlandfillsbeingusedasaspossiblereplacingplasticbagspromotinggoodsonthemarket26.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?HowRecycleReusableDisadvantagesofPlasticReusableThinkPlasticLessPopular?27.Whichofthefollowingshowsthedevelopmentofideasthepassage?IntroductionCP:CentralPointPointSp:Sub-point(次要點(diǎn))Conclusion第4共頁(yè)CknowthathavebeeninvolvedtheresearchstudytheUnitedStatesbutneveragreedjoinbecausesince1996you—andbasicallyeveryoneknow—havebeeneatinggeneticallymodified(GM,轉(zhuǎn)基因)foods.foodsaremadebyforcingapieceoffromatotallyspeciesintotheofaplantoranimal.Thismethodcreatesawholenewspeciesofplantthatwouldhaveneverexistednature.Mostsoybeans,cornandcottonaregeneticallymodified.Productssuchasoilandsugararecreatedfromthesecropsandaddedprocessedfoods.Thisexplainswhynearly80percentofprocessedandmostfastfoodscontaingeneticallymodified(GMOs).Thequestionis,aresafeforusandtheenvironment?theanswersarenotTherearenolong-termstudiesshowingthatGMOsaresafeforhumansandtheFoodandDrugAdministration(FDA)doesnotdoownsafetytestingofGMOS.Instead,thebiotechcompaniesthataretryingmoneydotheirownsafetytesting,whichtheonlyreviews.thereareanimalstudiesnegativefindings,includingbodypartsandimmunechanges.Itclearneedmoreresearchthisarea.Theenvironmentanotherproblem.Whataretheresultswhenageneticallymodifiedplantcrossbreedsotherplants?reallywantthefaceofplantunknownresultsforthebenefitofafewcompanies?Thebottomlinethathaveaproductourfoodsupplyunknownhealthandenvironmentalproblems.theleast,shouldhavethesefoodslabeled(貼標(biāo)簽).tryasmight,cannotthathappentheEventhough9outof10peoplewantthemlabeled,thebiotechcompaniesandfoodproducersdonot.Iftheirproductsarebeneficialandsafe,whynotlabelWhynotbeproudofyourproducts?60countriessuchasChinalabelandcountriesbanWhycan’thavetransparencyourfoodsupply?Initiative522,abillsuggestinglabelingproductsGMOs,helpusthetransparencydesire.ButcompaniessuchasMonsanto,DupontPioneerpaymillionscreatemisleadingandincorrectadsinsistingthatlabelingcosthurtfarmers,andnecessarybecauseGMOsaresafe.ThebiggestfearofthesecompaniesthatonceGMOsarelabeled,wanteatthemanymore.Iknowaboutyou,butIthinkInitiative522passesandgeneticallymodifiedfoodsarelabeled,thefaceofAmericanagriculture28.WhatdoknowaboutfoodsfromPara.1and2?Theyarethesourceoffastfoods.Theyareconsumedbyalmosteveryonetheworld.第5共頁(yè)TheyfromthelongestresearchstudytheTheyareproducedbychangingtheofaplantoranimal.29.WhattheattitudetowardsthesafetyofGMOs?Doubtful.30.InPara.5,theunderlinedwords“havetransparencyin”probablymean______.buildupdependoncutObjectivePositiveUninterestedknowabout31.Whydoestheauthorthispassage?callforresearchonfoods.persuadecompanieslabelfoods.supportforInitiative522.demanddevelopafoodtestingsystem.第二節(jié)共5題每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。IsEmotionalEating?Emotionaleatingwhenpeopleusefoodasawaydealfeelingsinsteadofsatisfying____32____everfinishedawholebagofchipsoutofboredomordownedcookieaftercookiewhilepreparingforabigtest?Butwhendonealot—especiallywithoutrealizingit—emotionaleatingcanweight,health,andoverallwell-being.Notofustheconnectionbetweeneatingandourfeelings.____33____Oneofthebiggestmythsaboutemotionaleatingthatcausedbynegativefeelings.peopleoftenturnfoodwhenthey’restressedout,sad,anxious,orbored.Butemotionaleatingcanbelinkedpositivefeelingstoo,liketheromanceofsharingdessertonDayorthecelebrationofaholidayfeast.Sometimesemotionaleatingtiedmajorevents,likeadeathoradivorce.____34____Emotionaleatingpatternscanbelearned:Achildwhogivencandyafterabigachievementupusingcandyasarewardforajobwelldone.____35____noteasy“unlearn”patternsofemotionaleating.Butpossible.Andstartsanawarenessofgoingon.allemotionaleatersadegree.Butforpeopleemotionaleatingcanbearealproblem,causingseriousweightorotherproblems.Thetroubleemotionaleatingthatoncethepleasureofeatinggone,thefeelingsthatcauseremain.Andoftenfeelworseabouteatingtheamountoroffoodlike.____36____reachforasnack,waitandthinkaboutwhichofhungerdrivingBelieveornot,we’veallbeenthere.Onestudyfoundthatpeoplewhoeatfoodlikepizzabecomehappyafterwards.Understandingwhatdrivesemotionaleatingcanhelppeoplestepsseempreferhot,homemadecomfortwhilegirlsforchocolateandicecream.whyhelpsknowthebetweenphysicalhungerandemotionaloften,though,thecountlesslittledailystressesthatcausesomeoneseekcomfortfood.Ifacryingboycookies,helinkcookiescomfort.第6共頁(yè)第三節(jié)共4小題第1、2小題各2分，第3小題3分，第4小題4分，共分)閱讀下面短文和問(wèn)題，在答題卡相應(yīng)題號(hào)后的橫線上寫(xiě)下相關(guān)信息，完成對(duì)該問(wèn)題的回答。Whydopullyourselfoutofbedeverymorningworkorschool?Whatdoesfeellikeyourcontributionthoseplacestrulyworthwhile?Knowingwhatmotivatescanhelpfindmeaningyourworkandreachyourgoals.Psychologistshaveawidevarietyofofdescribinganddifferentiatingmotivationsbecausepeoplecareaboutsodifferentthings.PsychologistDavidMcClellandidentifiedthreemotivationsforpeople:achievement(thefeelingofsuccess),(closerelationships)andpower(theabilityinfluencetheworld).AuthorsAdrianGostickandChesterEltonidentified23motivations,includingchallengeandlearning.Somemotivations,suchassocialpositionandpraise,areexternal;thesearethetoolsbossestypicallyuseencouragetheiremployeesdoOthermotivations,includingfun,personalgrowthandfeelinglikeworksignificant,fromwithinthepersondoingtheaction.Theseideals,calledinternalmotivations,tendbemorereliablethanexternalonesbecausetheyrepresentthingsthatcanneverbetakenSinceawidevarietyofmotivationsexist,importantunderstandwhichonesarepersuasiveyou.motivateyourselfawaythatappealdifficultconvinceyourselfWhenchoosingathinkaboutwhatmotivatesanddecisionsIfaremotivatedbyovercomingchallenges,lookforacareerwherecancontinuallytryhardreachahigherlevel.Peoplemotivatedbyexternalrewardssometimesstrugglemeetgoalstheysetforthemselvesthatnooneelseknowsabout.Theycanthisproblembycreatingexternalrewardsfortheirpersonalgoalssuchasfindingafriendholdthemaccountable.Whenknowwhatmotivatesyou,beablemotivateyourselfdothethingsnecessarysucceed.Andareaknowingwhatmotivatesyourteamenablehelpthemdothe37.Whyimportantforpeoplebeclearoftheirmotivations?38.HowcanthemotivationsbeclassifiedaccordingMcClelland?39.Pleasedecidewhichpartfalsethefollowingstatement,thenunderlineandexplainSinceexternalmotivationsinvolvesocialpositionandpraise,whichareoftenusedastoolsbybosses,aremoredependableinternalones.40.Pleasebrieflypresentwhatmotivatesyourandhowworks.(about40words)第三部分：選詞填空(共12題;每小題1分，滿分12分)選詞填空boost,grasp,suspect,defend,motivate,expose,deny41.Ibelievethepublicationofthisbooknextmonth______hisconfidence.42.______thatwashisfaultandapologize.43.thatmoment,Ibegan______whethertellherthetruth.44.must______theopportunitywhenthereone.45.Keepindoorsand______yourskinthesun.46.courage______civilrightsinspiredpeople.第7共頁(yè)選詞填空essential,initial,solid,complex,severe,efficient,intense47.Concentration______wantdoagoodjob.48.workso______thatIevenhavenoarest.49.Computersare______atcollectinginformation.50.shouldpresent______evidenceproveyourpoint.51.______reactionwasrejectthebutonsecondthoughts,Iaccepted52.Ittookalotofworkoutthe______structureofthehumanbrain.第四部分：翻譯句子(共5小題，每題2分，共10分)53.那人承認(rèn)目擊了事故。(witness)Themanadmitted_____________________.54.他接受教育的學(xué)院叫做德勒斯頓藝術(shù)學(xué)院。(educate)Thecollege_____________________iscalledtheDresdenArt55.人們相信參加志愿活動(dòng)非常有意義。(participatein)It_____________________volunteeractivitiesmeaningful.56.今年的諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)?lì)C發(fā)給了屠呦呦，她的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)了青蒿素。(research，leadto)ThisNobelforPhysiologyorMedicinehasbeenawarded_____________________thediscoveryofartemisinin.57.他不僅勇敢，還很執(zhí)著。最重要的，最讓我印象深刻的是他愿意承認(rèn)錯(cuò)誤。(impress)wasnotonlybrave,butalsodetermined.Aboveall,_____________________wasthathewaswillinghisfaults.第五部分：作文(共10分)58.likeparticipateanexchangeprogramschool?Whyorwhynot?”請(qǐng)寫(xiě)信表明你的觀點(diǎn)并陳述原因。注意：1.100左右；開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。Dear________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Sincerelyyours,Hua第8共頁(yè)參考答案第一部分：知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，25分)第一節(jié)：完型填空共10題每小題1.5分，滿分15分)【答案】1.B2.D3.B4.C5.A6.D7.D8.B9.C10.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文，作者在家里照顧女兒，女兒在另外一個(gè)房間里玩妻子剛剛買(mǎi)的口紅，被發(fā)現(xiàn)以后作者原本想像自己的父母親責(zé)備自己那樣責(zé)備她，但是看見(jiàn)毛衣上寫(xiě)著的“I’MAPERFECTLITTLEANGEL”，他改變了主意，給女兒拍了照片。1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但是然后就太安靜了，我就喊起來(lái)。long長(zhǎng)的；quiet安靜的；calm鎮(zhèn)定的；strange奇怪的。根據(jù)下文“answer”可知，作者女兒很安靜。故選B。2題詳解】askedsettled解決；raised提高；repeated重復(fù)，反復(fù)。根據(jù)上文“answer”可知，作者女兒沒(méi)有回答，所以作者重復(fù)了一下問(wèn)題。故選D。3題詳解】wayturn改變；step一步。根據(jù)下文“intothebathroom”可知，她轉(zhuǎn)身進(jìn)了廁所。故選。4題詳解】followed跟隨；scolded責(zé)罵；concerned使擔(dān)憂；fooledItoldherturnaround.Sherefused現(xiàn)，所以不敢轉(zhuǎn)身。故選。5題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：慢慢地，她朝我轉(zhuǎn)了過(guò)來(lái)。Slowly慢慢地；Eagerly急切地；Angrily生UnfortunatelysheturnedtowardmeA。6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她手里拿著我妻子新的口紅，臉上的每一寸都被紅彤彤的紅色覆蓋著！filled充滿；markedprintedcoveredeverysquareinchofherface”和下文“brightred”可知，作者女兒臉上的每一寸都被紅彤彤的紅色覆蓋著。故選D。7題詳解】forbidden禁止；beatenfrightened害怕；told告訴。根據(jù)上文“Iheardeveryvoicethathadbeenshoutedasachild”可知，此處是大人訓(xùn)斥小孩時(shí)常說(shuō)的話“跟你說(shuō)過(guò)多少次了”，空格處意為“告訴”。故選D。第9共頁(yè)8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我抬頭看著她的眼睛，看到的不是一個(gè)不聽(tīng)話的壞女孩，而是一個(gè)充滿了我差點(diǎn)就要?dú)У舻挠兄匾獌r(jià)值的東西的小天使。tricksvalue貴重的東西；pities遺憾；sadness悲傷。根據(jù)上文“insteadofseeingabadgirlwholisten”可知，作者看到的不是一個(gè)不聽(tīng)話的壞女孩，而是一個(gè)充滿了作者差點(diǎn)就要?dú)У舻挠兄匾獌r(jià)值的東西的小天使。故選。9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：甜心，我們拍一張照片吧，讓媽媽看看你是看起來(lái)多么特別。dirty臟的；specialaperfectlittleangel媽看看你是看起來(lái)多么特別”。故選C。10題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我拍好了照片，感謝上帝我沒(méi)有錯(cuò)過(guò)證明他給了我們一個(gè)多么完美的天使的機(jī)會(huì)。have擁有；miss錯(cuò)過(guò)；得到；拿走。根據(jù)上文“Itookthepicture”可知，作者拍了照片，所以是沒(méi)有錯(cuò)過(guò)證明上帝給了作者一個(gè)多么完美的天使的機(jī)會(huì)。故選。第二節(jié)：語(yǔ)法填空(共10題每小題1分，滿分10分)【答案】innovations12.13.While##Although##Though【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了滴灌技術(shù)，它使在沙漠中部開(kāi)發(fā)大型綠色農(nóng)場(chǎng)成為可能。題詳解】考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：滴灌可能是最有益的創(chuàng)新之一，它使在沙漠中部開(kāi)發(fā)大型綠色農(nóng)場(chǎng)成為可能。oneof后跟名詞的復(fù)數(shù)，因此空格處是復(fù)數(shù)innovations。故填innovations。12題詳解】考查代詞。句意：滴灌可能是最有益的創(chuàng)新之一，它使在沙漠中部開(kāi)發(fā)大型綠色農(nóng)場(chǎng)成為可能。possibledosth.是固定短語(yǔ)，意為“使做某事成為可能”，其中是形式賓語(yǔ)，真正的賓語(yǔ)是不定式。故填it。13題詳解】考查狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：雖然過(guò)去在不同的地方進(jìn)行過(guò)試驗(yàn)使滴灌成為現(xiàn)實(shí)，但在中東國(guó)家以色列，滴灌在therehavebeenexperimentsdifferentplacesthepastdripirrigationatheMiddleEasterncountryofIsraelthatdripirrigationhasamodernsuccess”可知，句子表示“雖然過(guò)去在不同的地方進(jìn)行過(guò)試驗(yàn)使滴灌成為現(xiàn)實(shí)，但在中東國(guó)家以色列，滴灌在現(xiàn)代取得了成功”，while/although/thoughWhile/Although/Though。【答案】14.vided16.betalked17.making第頁(yè)共頁(yè)【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了提高聽(tīng)力的方法——預(yù)測(cè)你將聽(tīng)到的。14題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：從聽(tīng)中獲得更多的方法之一是預(yù)測(cè)你將聽(tīng)到什么。分析可知，空處作表語(yǔ)，對(duì)主語(yǔ)進(jìn)行具體說(shuō)明，應(yīng)用不定式。故填predict。15題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：利用提供的圖片和你已經(jīng)掌握的知識(shí)，你可以猜出你應(yīng)該聽(tīng)的信息種類?？仗幾骱笾枚ㄕZ(yǔ)修飾名詞pictures，且和pictures是邏輯被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞。故填provided。16題詳解】guesswhat和talkaboutbetalked。17題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：這將使你在聽(tīng)的時(shí)候更好地集中注意力，讓你的聽(tīng)力更有效?？仗帒?yīng)填非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)，此處為自然而然的結(jié)果，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。故填making。【答案】18.that19.that20.what【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹人們發(fā)現(xiàn)達(dá)芬奇的筆記記錄著很多與工程、發(fā)明相關(guān)的內(nèi)容。18題詳解】考查表語(yǔ)從句。句意：一個(gè)原因是意大利處于戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中，人們需要工程師來(lái)幫助建造城市防御，而不是藝術(shù)家?？仗幰龑?dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，從句成分和意義都完整，應(yīng)用只起連接作用、無(wú)實(shí)意的that引導(dǎo)。故填that。19題詳解】考查主語(yǔ)從句。句意：在他死后，人們發(fā)現(xiàn)他保留了許多筆記本，描述和說(shuō)明他的工作，他的發(fā)明和他的實(shí)意的that引導(dǎo)。故填that。20題詳解】考查同位語(yǔ)從句。句意：在那之前，很少有人知道筆記的內(nèi)容?？仗幰龑?dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句對(duì)名詞idea進(jìn)行解釋說(shuō)明，從句缺少賓語(yǔ)，且指代事物，應(yīng)用連接代詞what引導(dǎo)。故填what。第二部分：閱讀理解(共三節(jié)，43分)第一節(jié)共題;每小題2分，滿分22分)【答案】21.A22.C23.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了一個(gè)男孩在“大學(xué)顏色日”這一天精心設(shè)計(jì)的襯衫受到了嘲笑，反而在Snyder關(guān)心和大學(xué)校方的幫助下，使這件精心設(shè)計(jì)的襯衫被制成一件真正的襯衫，這使得這個(gè)男孩第共頁(yè)感到了關(guān)愛(ài)，建立了自信，同時(shí)這所大學(xué)答應(yīng)如果這個(gè)男孩考取了這所大學(xué)，將給與獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。21題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段內(nèi)容“Whenthedayfinallyarrived,theboywassoexcitedshowhisshirt-anoneapieceofpaperattachedonwhichwashishomemadedesignofthelogo.(當(dāng)這一天終于到來(lái)的時(shí)候，男孩非常興奮地展示了他的襯衫——一件橙色的襯衫，上面貼著一張紙，上面是他自己設(shè)標(biāo)志。)”可知，對(duì)于他的學(xué)校的“大學(xué)顏色日”，這個(gè)男孩準(zhǔn)備了一件很有創(chuàng)意的襯衫。故選A22題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段內(nèi)容“Butbylunchtime,thespiritedfanwastears.Somegirlsbulliedhimandfunofhisdesignthathehadpinnedhisshirt.BackSnyderroom,heputhisheadondeskandwasdevastated.(但是到了午餐時(shí)間，這個(gè)精神飽滿的粉絲已經(jīng)哭了。一些女孩欺負(fù)他，取笑他在襯衫上的設(shè)計(jì)。回到斯奈德的房間，他把頭靠在桌子上哭了起來(lái)，悲痛欲絕。)”可知，午餐過(guò)后，這個(gè)男孩受到了欺負(fù)和嘲笑，這個(gè)男孩很受驚，感到很傷心。故選C23題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段內(nèi)容：“WhenItoldhimthathisdesignwasbeingintoarealshirtandpeoplewantedwearhisjawdropped,"said“Hehadabigsmileonhisface,andIcouldtellhisconfidencegrew!”(!”)Snyder為這個(gè)男孩所做的一切表明，關(guān)愛(ài)可以帶來(lái)很大的改變。故選D【答案】24.D25.B26.C27.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇議論文。文章主要論述了可重復(fù)使用的袋子雖然受到了普及歡迎，但由于使用不當(dāng)和錯(cuò)誤地將其隨意丟棄而沒(méi)有重復(fù)使用，導(dǎo)致其命運(yùn)和塑料袋無(wú)異，反而在生產(chǎn)和回收方面會(huì)更耗能，作者總結(jié)在使用可重復(fù)使用的袋子時(shí)，要三思其目的可重復(fù)使用才能環(huán)保。24題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段末尾句內(nèi)容“Althoughenvironmentallyfriendlythantraditionalsingle-useplasticbags,reusabledependingonwhattheyareof,areenergy-intensiverecycle.(雖然環(huán)保)”以及文章第三段內(nèi)容：AccordingareportbytheUnitedNationsEnvironmentProgram,“dependingonwhattheyareof,reusablebagshavebedeconstructedacostlyrecyclingprocessseparatethedifferentmaterials.aresult,manycases,reusablebagsarenotrecycled."(根據(jù)聯(lián)合國(guó)環(huán)境規(guī)劃署(UnitedNationsEnvironmentProgram)以分離不同的材料，這取決于它們是由什么材料制成的?！币虼耍谠S多情況下，可重復(fù)使用的袋子是不能回收的。”)可知，可重復(fù)使用的袋子在生產(chǎn)方面成分復(fù)雜，在回收起來(lái)之后要要花費(fèi)更高的代價(jià)分解。因此選項(xiàng)D“Reusablebagsdemandresourcesproduceandrecyclethanexpected.(可重復(fù)使用的袋子需要比預(yù)期更多的資源來(lái)生產(chǎn)和回收。)”屬于合理推理。故選D第頁(yè)共頁(yè)25題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)前文內(nèi)容“Justlikeplasticbagsdid,reusablebagsmultiplyUsedforpromotionalpurposesandmarketingofallkinds,reusablebags'growingpopularitymeansbagsthathavebeenusedlittle(ornotatall)canbefoundpiledstreets,garbagecanscityparks,andbasicallyeverywhere.(就像塑料袋一樣，可重復(fù)使用的袋子迅速繁殖。用于各種促銷和市場(chǎng)推廣的可重復(fù)使用的袋子越來(lái)越受歡迎，這意味著很少使用（或根本不用）的袋子可以在街道上、城市公園的垃圾桶中找到，而且基本上隨處可見(jiàn)?？芍?，可重復(fù)的袋子與塑料袋有著相同的命運(yùn)—隨處丟棄，從而使人們忘記了它們存在的目的—可重復(fù)使用。因此，句中“purpose”應(yīng)是指“盡可能多地使用”。故選B26題詳解】主旨大意題。文章末尾段落再次點(diǎn)明主旨“Intheend,thebestpracticeforreusablebagshavenohalfmeasures:Eitherusethemalltheordon'tusethematall.Usingareusablebagonceortwice,andthenthrowingdoesn'tdotheenvironmentanyfavors.(要么一直使用，要么根本不使用。一次或兩次使用可重復(fù)使用的袋子，然后把它扔掉，對(duì)環(huán)境沒(méi)有任何好處。)”可知，作者想要表達(dá)的是在使用可重復(fù)使用的袋子，需要多加考慮，想清楚。選項(xiàng)ReusableThink環(huán)保袋嗎?三思而后行貼合主旨，可作最佳標(biāo)題。故選C27題詳解】推理判斷題。文章總體結(jié)構(gòu)為總分總結(jié)構(gòu)。第一段提出現(xiàn)象：塑料購(gòu)物袋的使用減少；第二段為中心點(diǎn)：whetherthereusablebagcanjustifyexistence(可重復(fù)使用的袋子是否可以證明它的存在？并提出了第一個(gè)要點(diǎn)：雖然環(huán)保袋比傳統(tǒng)的單次使用的塑膠袋更環(huán)保，但可再用的塑膠袋，視乎它們的成分而定，在循環(huán))以分離不同的材料。因此，在很多情況下，可重復(fù)使用的塑料袋是不可回收的可重復(fù)使用的塑料袋是不可回收的。第四段提出第二個(gè)次要點(diǎn)Anotherpointnotallreusablebagsareequaloftheirrecyclability()第五段是第二個(gè)要點(diǎn)：第五段提出由于人們到處亂扔可重復(fù)使用的袋子，導(dǎo)致人們忘記了它們的最初目的：可重復(fù)使用。第六段得出結(jié)論：Intheend,thebestpracticeforreusablebagshavenohalfmeasures:Eitherusethemalltheorusethematall.(根本不使用。因此可知，選項(xiàng)A合理概括文章結(jié)構(gòu)。故選A【點(diǎn)睛】歸納標(biāo)題題技巧標(biāo)題的特點(diǎn)：短小精悍，一般多為一個(gè)短語(yǔ)；涵蓋性強(qiáng)，一般能覆蓋全文意思；精確性強(qiáng)，表達(dá)范圍要恰當(dāng)，不能隨意改變語(yǔ)意程度或色彩。在做題時(shí)，可以根據(jù)此特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行選擇判斷。比如文章第3小題：3.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebestforthepassage?AHowRecycleReusable．DisadvantagesofPlastic．ReusableThinkDPlasticLessPopular?HowRecycleReusableBags(如何回收環(huán)保袋)只在文章某一段提及如何回收環(huán)第頁(yè)共頁(yè)DisadvantagesofPlasticBags(塑料袋的缺點(diǎn))PlasticLessPopular?(?)ReusableThink既包含核心詞ReusableBagsThink高度概括了文章中對(duì)于可重復(fù)使用購(gòu)物袋的議論。因此答C【答案】28.D29.A30.D31.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要通過(guò)講轉(zhuǎn)基因食品可能對(duì)健康和環(huán)境所造成的影響來(lái)支持華盛頓的522法案，給轉(zhuǎn)基因商品貼上標(biāo)簽，讓大家了解商品的特點(diǎn)。28題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“foodsarebyforcingapieceoffromatotallydifferentspeciesintotheofaplantoranimal.Thismethodcreatesawholenewspeciesofplantthatwouldhaveneverexistednature.(轉(zhuǎn)基因食品是通過(guò)將一個(gè)完全不同物種的片段植入到植物或動(dòng)物的中來(lái)制造的。這種方)DNA產(chǎn)生的。故選D。29題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“Thequestionis,areGMOssafeforusandtheenvironment?theanswersarenot)物的安全性持懷疑態(tài)度，故選A。30題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第五段的“Eventhough9outof10peoplewantthemlabeled,thebiotechcompaniesandfoodproducersdonot.Iftheirproductsarebeneficialandsafe,whynotlabelWhynotbeproudofyourproducts?60countriessuchasChinalabelGMOsandcountriesbanthem.(盡管十分之九的人希望他們的產(chǎn)品為什么不為自己的產(chǎn)品感到驕傲呢？中國(guó)等60多個(gè)國(guó)家對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)基因生物進(jìn)行標(biāo)注，還有一些國(guó)家禁止轉(zhuǎn)基因生物。)”可知，生物技術(shù)公司和食品生產(chǎn)商不在他們所生產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)品上貼標(biāo)簽，所以我們沒(méi)法了解所吃的食物，由此可推知，劃線短語(yǔ)所在句子表示“為什么我們不能了解我們的食物呢，因此劃線短語(yǔ)havetransparency的意思是“了解”，和knowabout意思相近，故選D。31題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Iknowaboutyou,butIthinkInitiative522passesandgeneticallymodifiedfoodsarelabeled,mightthefaceofAmericanagriculture我不知道你怎么522)”可知，本文作者寫(xiě)這篇文章的目的是為華盛頓的522倡議爭(zhēng)取支持。故選C。第二節(jié)共5題每小題2分，滿分10分)【答案】32.A33.C34.F35.G36.E【解析】第頁(yè)共頁(yè)【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了情緒化進(jìn)食就是用吃來(lái)排解信中的情緒，但如果吃得太多，情緒化進(jìn)食會(huì)影響體重、健康和整體幸福感，所以要控制。32題詳解】上文“Emotionaleatingwhenpeopleusefoodasawaydealfeelingsinsteadofsatisfying化進(jìn)食是指人們用食物來(lái)處理情緒而不是滿足饑餓感?！敝赋銮榫w化進(jìn)食是為了排解情緒，而不是為了滿足饑餓感，下文“everfinishedawholebagofchipsoutofboredomordownedcookieaftercookiewhilepreparingforabigtest?(你有沒(méi)有在準(zhǔn)備大考的時(shí)候，因?yàn)闊o(wú)聊吃完一整袋薯片或者一塊接一塊地吃餅干？A項(xiàng)“ornot,allbeenthere.(信不信由你，我們都經(jīng)歷過(guò)。)”符合，故選A?！?3題詳解】下文“Oneofthebiggestmythsaboutemotionaleatingthatcausedbynegativefeelings.peopleoftenturnfoodwhenthey’restressedout,sad,anxious,orbored.Butemotionaleatingcanbelinkedpositivefeelingstoo,liketheromanceofsharingdessertonDayorthecelebrationofaholidayfeast.(關(guān)于情緒化飲食最大的誤區(qū)之一就是它是由負(fù)面情緒引起的。是的，人們經(jīng)常在壓力大、孤獨(dú)、悲傷、焦慮或無(wú)聊時(shí)求助于食物。但是情緒化的飲食也可以和積極的情緒聯(lián)系起來(lái)，比如情人節(jié)分享甜點(diǎn)的浪漫或者節(jié)日盛)C項(xiàng)“Understandingwhatdrivesemotionaleatingcanhelppeoplestepsit.(了解情緒化飲食的驅(qū)動(dòng)因素可以幫助人們采取措施改變它。)”符合語(yǔ)境，引起下文，指出要了解情緒化驅(qū)動(dòng)的原因，故選C。34題詳解】上文“Butemotionaleatingcanbelinkedpositivefeelingstoo,liketheromanceofsharingdessertonDayorthecelebrationofaholidayfeast.Sometimesemotionaleatingtiedmajorevents,likeadeathoradivorce.(宴的慶祝。有時(shí)情緒化進(jìn)食與重大生活事件有關(guān)，比如死亡或離婚?！睆牟煌矫娼榻B了情緒化進(jìn)食的原F項(xiàng)“often,though,thecountlesslittledailystressesthatcausesomeoneseekcomfortfood.()”承接上文，介紹的是情緒化進(jìn)食的原因，故選F。35題詳解】上文“Emotionaleatingpatternscanbelearned:Achildwhogivencandyafterabigachievementupusingcandyasarewardforajobwelldone.(情緒化的飲食模式是可以學(xué)習(xí)的:一個(gè)孩子在取得巨大成就后得到糖果，他長(zhǎng)大后可能會(huì)用糖果作為工作出色的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。”介紹了食物和情緒之間聯(lián)系的一個(gè)例子，GIfacryingboycookies,hemaylinkcookiescomfort.(如果一個(gè)哭泣的男孩得到一些餅干，他可能會(huì)把餅干與舒適聯(lián)系起來(lái)?！背薪由衔模榻B飲食和情緒之間聯(lián)聯(lián)系的另外一個(gè)例子，故選G。36題詳解】上文“Butforpeopleemotionaleatingcanbearealproblem,causingseriousweightorotherproblems.Thetroubleemotionaleatingthatoncethepleasureofeatinggone,thefeelingsthatcauseremain.Andoftenmayfeelworseabouteatingtheamountoroffoodlike.(第頁(yè)共頁(yè)一個(gè)真正的問(wèn)題，導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重的體重增加或其他問(wèn)題。情緒化進(jìn)食的問(wèn)題在于，一旦進(jìn)食的樂(lè)趣消失，引起進(jìn)食的感覺(jué)就會(huì)留存下來(lái)。而且你經(jīng)常會(huì)對(duì)你喜歡吃的食物的數(shù)量或類型感到更糟糕。”指出情緒化進(jìn)食的危害，所以我們要了解身體饑餓和情感饑餓之間的區(qū)別。E項(xiàng)“whyhelpsknowthedifferencebetweenphysicalhungerandemotional這就是為什么了解身體饑餓和情感饑餓之間的區(qū)別是有好處的。”符合語(yǔ)境，對(duì)上文進(jìn)行總結(jié)，故選。第三節(jié)共4小題第1、2小題各2分，第3小題3分，第4小題4分，共分)【答案】37.Becauseknowingwhatmotivatespeoplecanhelpthemfindmeaningtheirworkandreachtheirgoals.38.classifiedtheminto3mainmotivations:achievement,and39.Sinceexternalmotivationsinvolvesocialpositionandpraise,w