初中英語(yǔ)中考復(fù)習(xí)專(zhuān)項(xiàng)對(duì)話及交際用語(yǔ)技巧基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)

PAGE中考沖刺六：對(duì)話及交際用語(yǔ)技巧責(zé)編：王曉麗【真題再現(xiàn)】I.單項(xiàng)選擇。1.—__________?(2014山西)—Sorry.ThereisnoonenamedGary.Youmusthavethewrongnumber.A.CanIhelpyouB.What’sthematterC.IsthatGaryspeaking2.—Bill,canIgetyouanythingtodrink?(2014黃岡)－______.A.Youarewelcome.B.Noproblem.C.Iwouldn’tmindacoffee.D.Itdoesn’tmatter3.－CanIbringafriendtoyourbirthdayparty?(2014安徽)－Sure,______.A.noproblem B.notatall C.mypleasure D.welldone4.—Yourpencilcaselooksreallybeautiful.(2014臨沂)—________.Butinfact,Gina’slooksbetterthanmine.A.Ofcourse B.Notatall C.I’mafraidnot D.Thankyou5.—Iwasjustintimetogetthereforthemeeting.Thankyouforlendingmethebike.—__________.(2014上海)A.That’sright.B.Ofcoursenot.C.You’rewelcome.D.Thesametoyou.6.—Wouldyoulikesomejuice?(2014十堰)—________.I’dlikesomethingtoeat.A.Yes,please. B.Noproblem. C.That’sOK. D.No,thanks.7.—Whatabouthavingadrink?(2014杭州)—_______.A.Helpyourself B.Nevermind C.You’reright D.Goodidea.8.—WouldyoumindifIturnontheradio?(2014達(dá)州)—________.Thebabyissleepinginthenextroom.A.No,Idon’tmind B.Notatall C.Betternot D.That’sallright9.—Toobadyoudidn’tgotothebeachwithus．Itwassomuchfunthere!Youmustgonexttime.(2015南京)—______.Idon’tthinkI’llhaveanyfun．Ican’tswim.A．Yes，pleaseB．No,thanksC．YouarewelcomeD．Mypleasure10.—TheradiosaysitwillrainnextSunday.(2015呼和浩特)—_______．We’regoingforapicnicthatday.A．Ihopeitwill B．I’mafraidnotC．Idon’tthinkso D．Ihopenot 11.—Hello!CouldIspeaktoBetty，please?(2015南寧)—Hello!_________A．Canyouhelpme?B．AreyouOK?C．ThisisBettyspeaking．D．Haveaniceday．12.—Guesswhat?Iwonthedancingcompetitionlastweek．(2015西寧)—Wow!_______!A．NevermindB．NoproblemC．Congratulations13.—Hurryup,orwewillmissthesealionshowintheOceanPark．(2015廣東)—______．Westillhavefifteenminutesbeforetheshowbegins．A．TakeiteasyB．GoodluckC．IguesssoD．Takecare14.—Iwillhaveanimportantmatchtomorrow.IhopeIwillwin.(2015安徽)—______.A.Goodluck B.Noidea C.That’ssuchapity D.It’sallright15.—Jack,I'dliketohaveyouropinionsaboutmyreport.(2015常州)—________.ButIhaveonesuggestion.A.That'sagoodideaB.IagreewithyouC.ItlooksfinetomeD.CheckitfirstII.補(bǔ)全對(duì)話。(A)Completethedialoguewithproperwordsorsentences.(2015黑龍江省龍東地區(qū))A:Hello,couldIspeaktoLinda?B:1.A:Hi,Linda,it'sJudyhere.Icalledyouatsevenandyoudidn'tpickup.2?B:Iwastakingashoweratthattime.A:Isee.Whatareyougoingtodothisweekend?B:3.Idon'thaveanyplans.A:4?B:ScienceMuseum?No,Ihaven't.A:Wouldyouliketogowithme?B:5.Whenandwhereshallwemeet?A:Let'smeetattheschoolgateateightonSaturdaymorning.B:That'sadeal.(B)根據(jù)對(duì)話內(nèi)容，從方框內(nèi)的選項(xiàng)中，選擇5個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)木渥油瓿蓪?duì)話。(2015黃岡)(NancycomestoHuanggangforatour.ShemeetsLiFeiinthestreet.)N:Goodafternoon!I’mNancy.Nicetomeetyou!L:Nicetomeetyou,too.I’mLiFei.1._________N:Yes.IhearHuanggangisabeautifulcity.Bytheway,whereareyougoing?L:I’mgoingtorelaxmyselfbyWestLake.2._________N:Sure,I’dloveto.(Tenminuteslater.)N:Look!Therearesomanypeopleboatingonthelake.Why?L:3._________QuYuanwasagreatpoetinancientChina.Onthatday,wealsothrowzongziintothelakeorriver.N:Soundsveryinteresting.4._________L:You’rewelcome.Oh,Nancy.Ihavetoleavenow.I’llpreparefortomorrow’sfinalexam.N:5._________Goodbye!L:Bye-bye!A.Wouldyouliketogotherewithme?B.WhendidyoucometoHuanggang?C.Oh,they’repreparingfortomorrow’sDragonBoatFestivalinmemoryofQuYuan.D.OK.Goodlucktoyou!E.Areyouonavacationhere?F.CouldyoutellmesomethingaboutDragonBoatFestival?G.Thankyoufortellingmealot.【答案與解析】單項(xiàng)選擇。1.C。句意：——你是Gary嗎？——對(duì)不起。這兒沒(méi)有叫Gary的人。你一定是打錯(cuò)電話了。A：你要些什么？B：怎么了？C：你是Gary嗎？根據(jù)句意及情景可知答案為C項(xiàng)。2.C。句意：――Bill，我可以請(qǐng)你喝點(diǎn)什么嗎？――我不介意喝杯咖啡。A：不客氣；B：沒(méi)問(wèn)題；C：我不介意喝杯咖啡；D：沒(méi)關(guān)系。由題意可知選C。3.A。句意：——我可以帶一位朋友參加你的生日聚會(huì)嗎？——當(dāng)然，沒(méi)問(wèn)題。noproblem沒(méi)問(wèn)題；notatall沒(méi)關(guān)系(回答“感謝”和“對(duì)不起”)；mypleasure我的榮幸（回答感謝）；welldone干得好(回答鼓勵(lì))。本題容易誤選mypleasure，注意它的固定用法，即對(duì)感謝的回答，故選A。4.D。本句意為：——你的鉛筆看起來(lái)很漂亮，——謝謝你，但是實(shí)際上，Gina的看起來(lái)比我的更漂亮。A.Ofcourse當(dāng)然；B.Notatall一點(diǎn)也不；C.I’mafraidnot我恐怕不是；D.Thankyou謝謝。5.C。句意：——我正好及時(shí)到那兒趕上了開(kāi)會(huì)。謝謝你借給我自行車(chē)。——不客氣。A：那是對(duì)的。B：當(dāng)然不。C：不客氣。D：你也一樣。由對(duì)話情景可知答案為C項(xiàng)。6.D。本題意為：——你想要一些果汁嗎？——不用了，謝謝，我想吃點(diǎn)東西。由后面答語(yǔ)可知，現(xiàn)在不需要喝的東西，所以答案選D。7.D。Helpyourself請(qǐng)隨便用；Nevermind不要緊；You’reright你是對(duì)的；Goodidea.好主意。根據(jù)句意“—喝杯飲料怎樣？—”，結(jié)合對(duì)別人的建議的肯定回答最好用Goodidea或OK等，故選D。8.C。本題意為：——你介意我打開(kāi)廣播嗎？——最好不要，寶寶正在隔壁房間睡覺(jué)，由后半句的Thebabyissleepinginthenextroom.可知前面應(yīng)該是否定回答；A.No,Idon’tmind我不介意；B.Notatall一點(diǎn)也不；C.Betternot最好不要；D.That’sallright不用謝。9.B。句意：——你沒(méi)有和我們一起去海灘真是太糟了。那里有很多好玩的。你下次一定要去?！?，謝謝！我認(rèn)為我不會(huì)有很多樂(lè)趣的。我不會(huì)游泳。Yes，please是的，請(qǐng)(這么做)；No,thanks不，謝謝；Youarewelcome你太客氣了；Mypleasure我的榮幸。根據(jù)句意，用No,thanks表示拒絕對(duì)方的建議，故選B項(xiàng)。10.D。由答語(yǔ)中的“We’regoingforapicnicthatday.”可知，答話人不希望下周日下雨。Ihopenot意為“我希望不會(huì)這樣”，符合題意，故選D。11.C。由問(wèn)句“CouldIspeaktoBetty，please?”可知，本題屬于打電話交際。在電話中介紹自己是誰(shuí)，應(yīng)用Thisis...speaking。故選C。12.C。由“Iwonthedancingcompetitionlastweek.”可知，對(duì)別人取得的成功應(yīng)該表示祝賀。Congratulations意為“祝賀你”，符合題意。故選C。13.A。句意為：快點(diǎn)，否則我們就會(huì)錯(cuò)過(guò)在海洋公園的海獅表演。別著急，離表演開(kāi)始還有15分鐘。A項(xiàng)意為“別緊張，慢慢來(lái)”，根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，答案選A。14.A。句意：—明天我將要參加一個(gè)重要的比賽。我希望我能贏?！Ｄ愫眠\(yùn)。Goodluck祝你好運(yùn)；Noidea不知道；That’ssuchapity多么遺憾；It’sallright沒(méi)關(guān)系。根據(jù)上文要參加比賽，要對(duì)對(duì)方說(shuō)祝你好運(yùn)。故選A。15.C。句意：――杰克，我想知道你對(duì)我的報(bào)告的意見(jiàn)。――對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)，不錯(cuò)。但是我有一個(gè)建議。A.那是一個(gè)好主意，B.我同意你的觀點(diǎn)，C.對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)不錯(cuò)，D.先檢查。從后句的But可知句意轉(zhuǎn)折，后句說(shuō)我有一個(gè)建議，可以推測(cè)出前句說(shuō)的是報(bào)告好。故選C。補(bǔ)全對(duì)話。(A)1.ThisisLinda./ThisisLindaspeaking./Lindaspeaking. 2.Whatwereyoudoingatthattime?3.Nothingmuch./Notmuch4.HaveyoueverbeentoScienceMuseum?/HaveyoubeentoScienceMuseumbefore?5.(Sure/Yes,)I'dloveto./I'dliketo.(B)1.E 2.A 3.C 4.G 5.D【用法講解】考試要求：中考交際用語(yǔ)主要考查學(xué)生運(yùn)用英語(yǔ)進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單的日常交際的能力，體現(xiàn)了英語(yǔ)日常用語(yǔ)的交際性和口語(yǔ)化特征。要做好交際用語(yǔ)測(cè)試題，要求學(xué)生能夠熟練掌握英語(yǔ)的一些日常交際英語(yǔ)的口語(yǔ)表達(dá)，如：?jiǎn)柭?、借東西、看病、購(gòu)物、打電話、提供幫助、表示感謝、邀請(qǐng)和應(yīng)答、向別人道歉等日常用語(yǔ)，還要求學(xué)生從對(duì)話上下文所提供的材料中判斷交際的情景和場(chǎng)合，選擇適當(dāng)?shù)娜粘＝浑H英語(yǔ)進(jìn)行交流。特別要注意交際英語(yǔ)的口語(yǔ)化特點(diǎn)。因此學(xué)生要在日常學(xué)習(xí)中注意英語(yǔ)的習(xí)慣表達(dá)和文化背景知識(shí)，學(xué)會(huì)按照英、美人的文化習(xí)慣，用地道的口語(yǔ)來(lái)表達(dá)自己的想法。1.交際用語(yǔ)中考題型1）單項(xiàng)選擇這類(lèi)交際用語(yǔ)考試題主要用小對(duì)話的方式來(lái)呈現(xiàn)，即兩個(gè)或者三個(gè)句子就可以表達(dá)小的情景對(duì)話。這種考題主要涉及表示感謝、道歉、問(wèn)候、介紹、告別、詢問(wèn)年齡、請(qǐng)求和允許、打電話、表?yè)P(yáng)和鼓勵(lì)、個(gè)人喜歡和愛(ài)好、同意和不同意、邀請(qǐng)和應(yīng)答、勸告和建議、希望和打算、約會(huì)、祝愿和祝賀、餐飲、看病、談?wù)撎鞖?、安撫和安慰、?gòu)物和談?wù)搩r(jià)格、問(wèn)路、請(qǐng)求幫助和提供幫助等情景。對(duì)話一般較簡(jiǎn)單，情景單一，可能是答語(yǔ)的一部分或整個(gè)答語(yǔ)設(shè)空，也可能是詢問(wèn)信息的句子設(shè)空，一般提供三到四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，要求學(xué)生選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。例如：－Thankyouforthepresentyousentme.It’ssonice.－__________________________.A.No,thanks.B.Iamgladyoulikeit.C.Pleasedon’tsayso.D.No,itisn’tsogood.〔解析〕答案是B。從對(duì)話情景中理解上句是表示感謝，當(dāng)你聽(tīng)到別人的贊揚(yáng)，不能按照中國(guó)人的思維習(xí)慣回答“不好、不好”，在西方交際用語(yǔ)不能這樣謙虛，要為別人喜歡你的禮物感到高興，所以選擇B。例如：－Shallwegocampingontheweekend?—_________.Theweatherforecastsaysitwillrainy.A.I’dloveto.B.Iamafraidwecan’t.C.That’sagoodidea.D.That’sallright.〔解析〕答案是B。本題是考查對(duì)別人提出建議的應(yīng)答，如果同意這個(gè)建議一般可以答“Goodidea.”，但從對(duì)話后面的回答提供的情景可知天要下雨去不成，所以此題的應(yīng)答是B。2）補(bǔ)全對(duì)話：補(bǔ)全對(duì)話是考查學(xué)生的日常交際能力的另一個(gè)中考常用的題型，通常提供一個(gè)比較大的情景對(duì)話，一般都選用學(xué)生比較熟悉的情景，如打電話、購(gòu)物、看病等，從中抽取一些句子或句子的一部分，要求學(xué)生根據(jù)對(duì)話的內(nèi)容和情景，補(bǔ)全句子，使對(duì)話的內(nèi)容和意思完整。也有的補(bǔ)全對(duì)話題把抽出的句子一起放在一個(gè)文本框中，有時(shí)還會(huì)給出一、二個(gè)多余的選項(xiàng)，學(xué)生必須根據(jù)對(duì)話的情景要求選出合適的句子，然后把序號(hào)填入空白處。這種題型一定要先通讀對(duì)話，了解整篇對(duì)話的場(chǎng)景、說(shuō)話人之間的關(guān)系、討論的事件的線索等，再去選擇選項(xiàng)，才能更準(zhǔn)確地選擇出正確的選項(xiàng)。這種情景交際用語(yǔ)的考查一般提供語(yǔ)言地道、對(duì)話情景具體、邏輯嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)和意義完整的交際情景，主要考查學(xué)生能否在不同的文化背景、不同的場(chǎng)合、對(duì)于不同的事情按照西方的文化風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣和表達(dá)習(xí)慣用地道的英語(yǔ)來(lái)表達(dá)。例如：閱讀并補(bǔ)全下列對(duì)話。A:1.____________________,sir?B:Yes,please.2.____________________apairofsportsshoes.A:Whatsizedoyouwant,please?B:Sizetenoreleven.A:OK!Whataboutthispair?B:Sorry!I3.____________________blackshoes.A:Oh.Wealsohavegotblueones.B:CanI4.____________________on?A:Yes,please.B:5.____________________eachpair?A:Thirty-fiveyuan.B:Allright.Iwilltakeit.〔解析〕從對(duì)話的內(nèi)容可以看出，對(duì)話的情景是購(gòu)物，顧客想買(mǎi)一雙運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋，是售貨員和顧客之間的情景對(duì)話。理解了對(duì)話的主要情景和內(nèi)容后，我們?cè)谘a(bǔ)全對(duì)話的時(shí)候可以聯(lián)想一些關(guān)于購(gòu)物的日常交際英語(yǔ)。1.本空考查售貨員經(jīng)常用的日常交際英語(yǔ)，一般售貨員用CanIhelpyou?或者WhatcanIdoforyou?來(lái)招呼顧客，所以本空可以填寫(xiě)這兩個(gè)句子中任何一個(gè)。2.從對(duì)話下面句子的意思和情景可以判斷是顧客想買(mǎi)一雙運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋，所以本空填寫(xiě)Iwanttobuy/I’dlike/Iamlookingfor都可以。3.從對(duì)話售貨員問(wèn)“這雙怎么樣？”和顧客的回答可以理解是他不喜歡這雙運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋，所以本空填寫(xiě)Idon’tlike或者Ihate。4.從對(duì)話上下句的情景可以判斷本空是顧客詢問(wèn)能否試穿，所以填寫(xiě)MayItrythemon?5.從對(duì)話下面的回答是價(jià)格（Thirty-fiveyuan.）可以判斷上面的句子是詢問(wèn)這雙運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋的價(jià)格，所以用Howmuchiseachpair?來(lái)詢問(wèn)。2.需要熟練掌握的交際用語(yǔ)1）問(wèn)候Hi!Hello!Goodmorning/evening/afternoon.Howareyoudoing?IamOK/fine./Thanksandyou?/Verywell,thankyou.Pleasesayhellotoyourparents./Pleasegivemybestwishestoyourparents.Sure./Allright.2）介紹MynameisHello!Howdoyoudo?Iamastudent.Iamfrom….ThisisMr/Mrs/Miss.I’dlikeyoutomeetBob.Nice/Glad/Pleasedtomeetyou.3）告別Good-bye.Bye.Bye-bye.Goodnight.Seeyoulater/then/soon/tomorrow.Iamsorry.Ihavetogonow.4）感謝Thankyouverymuch./Thanksalot./Thankyouforyourhelp.It’sapleasure.That’sOK/allright.Youarewelcome.5）道歉Sorry.Iamsorry./Iamsorryforlosingyour…/Iamsorrytointerruptyou./IamsorryIamlate./Ibegyourpardon.That’sOK./It’sallright./Nevermind./Itdoesn’tmatter./It’snothing.6）請(qǐng)求和允許MayIcomein?Can/CouldIuseyour…?Would/DoyoumindifIopenthedoor?Yes,please.Sure.Certainly.That’sallright.Ofcourse，youcan.Iamsorry,it’snotallowed.Iamafraidnot.You’dbetternot.7）打電話Hello!MayIspeaktoTom?Hello!I’dliketospeaktoMr.Green?IsthatLiuHongspeaking?ThisisMary(speaking)./Maryspeaking.May/CanIleaveamessage?May/CanItakeamessage?I’llcallbacklater/again.I’llringhim/herupagain.Hello!ThisisMaryspeaking.Hello,whoisthat?Holdon,please.Justamoment,please.Hello,whoisspeaking?Sorry,heisn’thererightnow.CanItakeamessage?Thislineisbad/busy.Sorry,Iamafraidyouhavethewrongnumber.8）表?yè)P(yáng)和鼓勵(lì)Verygood！Welldone！Wonderful!Excellent!YouspeakEnglishverywell.Yourdressisverybeautiful.Comeon!/Keeptrying!/Youcandoit.Thankyou.OK!Iwilltryitagain.9）喜歡和愛(ài)好Thisbookisveryinteresting.Ilikethismovie.Iliketoplaycomputergames.Iliketakingphotos.Ienjoylisteningtothemusic.Iaminterestedin…Thissongisbad.Idon’tlikethemovieatall.Idon’tenjoycollectingstamps.Ihatetodomuchhomework.Ipreferbananas.IlikeEnglishbetterthanmath.Myfavoritecolorisblue.10）同意和不同意Sure./Certainly./Ofcourse.Allright./Iagree./Noproblem.That’sagoodidea.Yes,Ithinkso.Noway.Ofcoursenot.Idon’tagree.Idon’tthinkso.Iamafraidnot.11）邀請(qǐng)和應(yīng)答Wouldyouliketogoforawalk?Youmustcometodinnerwithus.MayIinviteyoutodinner?What/Howabouthavingaswim?OK!Thankyou.I’dlikethat.Thanks.Yes,I’dloveto.Thatwouldbeverynice.No,thankyou.It’sveryniceofyou,butmymotherisill.I’dloveto,butIamafraidIhavenotime.IamsorryIcan’t.Whataboutanothertime?12）勸告和建議Youhadbettergotoseethedoctor.YoushouldlistentoandreadEnglisheveryday.YouneedtobuyaChinese-Englishdictionary.Don’trush/hurry/push.Pleasestandinline.Let’sgoandhavealook.What/HowaboutapicnicthisSunday?Whydon’tyoubuyacomputer?Whynotgotoamovie?13）希望和打算Iwillgowithyou.IamgoingtoseemygrandfatherthisSunday.Iwanttofindapenpal.IplantogotoHangzhouthissummer.Iamnotgoingtobuyacar.Iwishtoseeyouagain.Ihopetobecomeadoctor.Ihopeso./Ihopenot.14）祝愿和祝賀Haveagoodday/time!Haveagoodjourney/trip.Goodluck!Enjoyyourself!Bestwishtoyou.HappyNewYear!/MerryChristmas!/Happybirthday!Thankyou.Thesametoyou.Congratulations!Welldone!15）餐飲Wouldyoulikesomethingtoeat/drink?Whatwouldyouliketohaveforbreakfast/lunch/supper?Wouldyoulikesomefish?Helpyourselftosomefish.Yes,I’dliketodrinkI’dlikericeandchicken.Justalittle,please.CanIhavesomesoup?It’ssodelicious.Thankyou.Ilikegreentea.Yes,please./No,thanks.16）看病What’sthematter?/What’swrongwithyou?Doyouhaveafever?Howlonghaveyoufeltlikethis?Howlonghaveyoubeenlikethis?It’snothingserious.Takethismedicinethreetimesaday.Youwillbebetter/allrightsoon.Ihaveaheadache./Ifeelterrible./Ifeelbad/awful./Idon’tfeelwell.Ihavegotapainhere.17）談?wù)撎鞖釽hat’stheweatherliketoday?/HowistheweatherinBeijing?It’snice/fine/beautifultoday.Whatacold/hotdaytoday!It’ssunny/cloudy/windy/rainy/snowy.It’sgettingcool/cold/warm/hot.18）購(gòu)物Can/MayIhelpyou?/WhatcanIdoforyou?Howmany/Howmuchwouldyoulike?Whatcolor/size/kindwouldyoulike?Whataboutthisone?Hereisyourchange.I’dlike/Iwantapairofshoe.Howmuchisit/arethey?MayItryiton?It’stoobig/small.Sorry.It’stooexpensive.Doyouhaveanyothercolors/sizes?That’sfine.I’lltakeit.Justhavealook.19）問(wèn)路Excuseme.Whereisthewashroom?Canyoutellmehowtogettothepostoffice?WhichbusgoestoWorldPark?WhichisthewaytotheBankofChina?Couldyoutellmethewaytothestation？HowcanIgettoNo.4MiddleSchool?It’soverthere.It’sabout400metersfromhere.Godownthisstreetuntilyouseethetallredbuilding.Turnright/leftatthefirst/secondcrossing.YoucantakeNo.15bus.You’dbettertake