口譯筆記速記符號(hào)匯總及簡(jiǎn)寫(xiě)規(guī)則

口譯筆記速記符號(hào)匯總簡(jiǎn)寫(xiě)規(guī)則目錄[1].Note-takingsymbolsandabbreviations[2].關(guān)于縮略詞[3].關(guān)于字母和圖像[4].用箭頭、數(shù)字符號(hào)、標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)來(lái)表示1.Note-takingsymbolsandabbreviationsforyourreference:AbbreviationsinNotetakingUseonlytheabbreviationsthatfityourneedsandthatyouwillremembereasily.Agoodideaistointroduceonlyafewabbreviationsintoyournotetakingatatime.Symbolshelpfulinmath--thesearecommonlyusedintextsandreferences.S=sumf=frequencyLeaveoutperiodsinstandardabbreviations.cf=comparee.g.=exampledept=departmentUseonlythefirstsyllableofaword.pol=politicsdem=democracylib=liberalcap=capitalismUseentirefirstsyllableandonly1stletterof2ndsyllable.pres=presentationsubj=subjectind=individualcons=conservativeEliminatefinalletters.Usejustenoughofthewordtoformarecognizableabbreviation.assoc=associatebiol=biologyinfo=informationach=achievementchem=chemistrymax=maximumintro=introductionconc=concentrationmin=minimumrep=repetitionOmitvowels,retainonlyenoughconsonantstogivearecognizableskeletonoftheword.ppd=preparedprblm=problemestmt=estimatebkgd=backgroundgvt=governmentUseanapostropheinplaceofletters.am't=amountcont'd=continuedgov't=governmenteducat'l=educationalFormthepluralofasymbolorabbreviatedwordbyaddings.chpts=chaptersegs=examplesfs=frequenciesintros=introductionsUsegtorepresentingendings.ckg=checkingestg=establishingdecrg=decreasingexptg=experimentingSpelloutshortwordssuchasin,at,to,but,for,andkey.Abbreviationsorsymbolsforshortwordswillmakethenotestoodensewithshorthand.Leaveoutunimportantwords.Leaveoutthewordsaandthe.Ifaterm,phrase,ornameiswrittenoutinfullduringthelecture,substituteinitialswhenevertheterm,phrase,ornameisusedagain.Forexample,CenterforAerospaceSciencesbecomesCASthereafter.Usesymbolsforcommonlyrecurringconnectiveortransitionalwords.&=andw/=withw/o=withoutvs=against\=therefore==isorequalUsetechnicalsymbolswhereapplicable.zb=German,forexampleibid=Latin,thesameworko=degreesH2O=waterMorereference:Usestandardmaths,accounting,andsciencesymbols.Examples:+plus//parallelUsestandardabbreviationsandleaveoutfullstops.Examples:egexampleITdeptInformationTechnologydepartmentUKUnitedKingdomUseonlythefirstsyllableofaword.Examples:marmarketingcuscustomercliclientUsetheentirefirstsyllableandthefirstletterofthesecondsyllable.Examples:subjsubjectbudgbudgetindindividualTodistinguishamongvariousformsofthesameword,usethefirstsyllableoftheword,anapostrophe,andtheendingoftheword.Examples:tech'gytechnologygen'iongeneralisationdel'ydeliveryUsejustenoughofthebeginningofawordtoformarecognisableabbreviation.Examples:assocassociatedachachievementinfoinformationOmitvowelsfromthemiddleofwords,retainingonlyenoughconsonantstoprovidearecognisableskeletonoftheword.Examples:bkgdbackgroundmvmtmovementprblmproblemFormthepluralofasymbolorabbreviatedwordbyadding's.'Examples:custscustomersfsfrequencies/sratiosUse'g'torepresent'ing'endings.Examples:decrgdecreasingckgcheckingestblgestablishingSpellout,ratherthanabbreviateshortwords.Examples:inbutaskeyLeaveoutunimportantverbs.Examples:iswaswereLeaveoutunnecessaryarticles.Examples:aantheIfaterm,phrase,ornameisinitiallywrittenoutinfullduringthetalkormeeting,initials問(wèn)題：tw?.(dot)這個(gè)"."點(diǎn)的位置不同表示的概念也不一樣".d"表示yesterday,".y"表示lastyear,".2m"表示twomonthago。"y"表示thisyear,"y2."twoyearlater"nextweek",可以表示為"wk."∧表示轉(zhuǎn)折√表示"好的"狀態(tài)，right/good，famous/well-known，etc.表示"同意"狀態(tài)，standupfor，support，agreewithsb,certain/affirmative,etc.☆表示"重要的"狀態(tài)：important，exemplary（模范的）best，outstanding，brilliant，etc.n表示"交流"狀態(tài)：exchange，mutual,etc.&表示"和"，"與"：and，togetherwith，alongwith，accompany，alongwith，furthermore，etc.∥表示"結(jié)束"：end，stop，halt，bringsthtoastandstill/stop,etc.六、較長(zhǎng)單詞的處理辦法-ism簡(jiǎn)寫(xiě)為m例如：socialismSm-tion簡(jiǎn)簡(jiǎn)寫(xiě)為n例如：standardization(標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化)