英語Unit6SpaceandbeyondSectionⅡUsinglanguage課時作業(yè)含解析

UUnit6SectionⅡUsinglanguageⅠ.閱讀理解ALaunchingpeopleintospacemaymaketheheadlinesbutitislittleusefulforscience.SowhenGeorgeBushredirectedAmerica'sspaceagency,NASA,awayfromscientificresearchandtowardsamannedreturntothemoon,manyscientistsweredisappointed.Nowtheagencyhasfinallyofferedsomesmallmorselsofcomfortintheformoffourprojectsthatcouldaccompanyeffortsforalunarreturn：Themostexcitingoftheseistheplanforaradiotelescopethatcouldbeplacedonthefarsideofthemoon.Suchadevicewouldlookbackattheearlyuniversetothetimewhenlarge-scalestructuressuchasgalaxiesandstarsformed.Alunar-basedradiotelescopewouldbeabletodetectlongwavelengthsthatcannotbesensedonEarthbecausetheyareabsorbedbytheoutermostlayersoftheplanet'satmosphere.Moreoverbypointingthetelescopeawayfromthedinofshorter-wavelengthradiowavesthatareusedforcommunicationonEarth,astrophysicistswouldbeabletoseetheearlyuniverseinunprecedenteddetail.Findingalienlifemightalsobepossiblewithsuchatelescope.Itwouldbeabletomapthemagneticfieldsofstarsandexoplanets.ItisthemagneticfieldoftheEarththatprotectsitsinhabitantsfrombeingbombardedbyhigh-energyparticlesfromspacethatwouldotherwiseleavetheplanetsterile.DetectingamagneticfieldsurroundinganEarth-likeexoplanetwouldproveapromisingsignforfindingextraterrestriallife.Theproposal,ledbyJosephLazio,oftheNavalResearchLaboratoryinWashington,DC,istocreateanarrayofthreearmsarrangedinaY-shape,eachofwhichwouldbe500metreslongandcontain16antennae.Eacharmwouldbemadeofaplasticfilmthatcouldberolledoutontothesurfaceofthemoon,eitherbyrobotsorbyastronauts.Asecondproject,headedbyMichaelCollier,oftheNASAGoddardSpaceFlightCentre,wouldexaminehowthesolarwind—astreamofchargedparticlesejectedfromthesun—interactswiththetenuouslunaratmosphereclosetothemoon'ssurface.Suchbombardmentproduceslow-energyX-raysthatwouldbedetectedonthesurfaceofthemoon.ThethirdandfourthprojectsaresimilarbothtoeachotherandtoearlierventuresdroppedonthemoonbytheApolloandtheSovietLunamissionsinthelate1960sand1970s.Some35yearson,reflectorsplacedonthelunarsurfacearestillusedbyscientistsinterestedingeophysicsandgeodesy.Mostofthereflectorsareclusteredclosetothelunarequator.Theproposals,ledbyStephenMerkowitz,alsoofNASA'sGoddardSpaceFlightCentre,andDouglasCurrie,oftheUniversityofMaryland,aretosprinklesomemoresophisticatedversionsovermoreofthemoon'ssurface.SucheffortsmayattractlittleattentioncomparedwiththelaunchofthespaceshuttleEndeavourthisweek.Nevertheless,whenNASAarguesthatputtingpeopleintospaceinspiresyoungpeopletostudyscience,itispreciselytheseendeavoursthatitwishestoencourage.1．By“Launchingpeopleintospacemaymaketheheadlinesbutitislittleusefulforscience.”(inParagraph1),theauthormeans________.A．launchingpeopleintospaceisveryimportantB．newspaperonlycaresaboutwhetherhumanscantravelintospaceC．humans'traveltoouterspaceisagainstscientificrulesD．launchingpeopleintospaceisnotofgreatscientificvalue2．Themostdistinctivefeatureofalunar-basedradiotelescopementionedinthesecondparagraphisthat________.A．itisabletocapturelongwavelengthsB．itpossessesbetterfunctionsthanthetelescopesonEarthC．itcanescapefromthemagneticfieldoftheEarthD．itcandetectallgalaxiesintheuniverse3．Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutthefournewmoonplans?A．Objective.B．Affirmative.C．Carefree.D．Opposed.4．Towhichofthefollowingistheauthorlikelytoagree？A.Theradiotelescopewillbeabletofindextraterrestriallife.B．ThesecondprojectfocusesontheinteractionbetweensolarwindandEarth'satmosphere.C．JosephLazio'sproposalispartoftheradiotelescopeproject.D．ThefourprojectsarecloselyrelatedtotherecentlylaunchedspaceshuttleEndeavour.BWhenIfirststartedtakingphotographsofthenightsky,IneverthoughtI'dendupdoingitforaliving.I'dalwaysbeeninterestedinphotograpby.IusedtodrivemyfamilyandfriendscrazybecauseIwasalwaystakingphotographsofthem.ThenonedayIsawaposteroftheEarthtakenfromouterspace.Posterslikethatwerereallypopularinthe1970s.Ihadseenlotsofthem,buttherewassomethingdifferentaboutthisone.Itattractedmeanditendedupchangingmylife!Ithasn'talwaysbeeneasythough.IremembertryingtotakeapictureoftheCometHale-Boppforaphotographycompetitionin1997.Icheckedwiththeexpertsatthelocalweatherstationtomakesuretheyweren'texpectingcloudsorstrongwinds.At3：30amIsetthecameraonatripod(三腳架)inmygarden,andthenIbeganthecountdownto4：00am,whenthecometwasscheduledtoappear.Irecallthinking,“Ifeverythinggoesasplanned,thephotowillshowthecometasalineoflightmovingacrossabackgroundofstars.”Butsuddenlyeverythingwasterriblywrong!At3：59am,justasIwasmakingthefinaladjustments,outthebushescameastreak(色條)ofblackheadingstraightformyfeet,andbeforeIknewit,thecamera,thetripodandIwereontheground!Thestreakofblackwasmyneighbour'scatTiddlesoutforhislate-nightexercise,andhehadruinedtheonlychanceIhadforthenext2,000yearsoftakingphotographsofthespectacular(壯觀的)comet!Missedphotoopportunitiesaside,astrophotographyisagreatjob,anditcanalsobeanenjoyablehobby.Surprisinglyenough,youdon'tneedanyspecialequipment:justa35mmcamera,atripodandsomeslow-speedfilm.Butyoumustremembertotakecareofyourequipment.5．Whatdoestheauthormainlydescribeinthetext?A．Howhewastrainedtobeaweatherexpert.B．Howhetookphotographsforposters.C．Howhetookphotographsofpeople.D．Howhebecameanastrophotographer.6．Whatchangedtheauthorcompletely?A．Takingfamilyphotographsforaliving.B．Takingupastrophotographyasahobby.C．AnattractiveposteroftheEarthtakenfromouterspace.D．Apopularphotographofthecomet.7．Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A．Theauthorwantedtotakeapictureofthecometforacompetition.B．Theauthorshowedpeoplehowthecometmovedacrossthesky.C．Thecometwasexpectedtoappearat3：30am.D．Thecometonceappearedintheyearof2000.8．Whatdestroyedtheauthor'slastopportunitytotakethepictureofthecomet?A．Unexpectedclouds.B．Alineoflight.C．Aneighbour'scat.D．Strongwinds.Ⅱ.七選五Whenthinkingaboutplacingahumanbeinginspace,oneofthemostimportantquestionsishowtodesignspecialclothingneededtoprotectthepersonfromthedangersofthespaceenvironment.__1__Thefierceheatofthesuncancausesevereburns.Thelackoftheatmospherecancausegasesinthebodytoexpandandevenburst.Withnooxygentobreathe,ahumanbeingwilldieinonlyafewmoments.__2__Soisdamagefromsmallpiecesofrocksandobjectslikemeteoroids(流星體).In1933,anAmericanflyer,WileyPost,designedoneofthefirstsuccessfuldevicestoprotectapilotatextremeheights.__3__AstronautsintheAmericanspaceagencyflewthefirstAmericanspaceflightsintheearly1960s.TheclothingwassimilartothatinventedbyWileyPost.__4__Itletsthemmove,dousefultasks,andstayoutsidetheirspacecraftincomfortandsafetyforseveralhours.ThespacesuitiscalledtheshuttleextravehicularmobilityunitorEMU.Itwasdesignedtoendurelongerandtopermitmoremovementthanearlierspacesuits.TheEMUhasanumberofpartsthatanastronautcanlinktogetherbyusingonlyonehand,whichmakesitpossibleforeachastronauttoselectthepartsthatfitcorrectly.Nowadays,NASAscientistsarealsoconsideringthekindofspacesuitthatwouldbeneededforexplorationontheplanetMars.__5__TheequipmentmayalsohavetoprotectastronautsfromparticlescarriedinthewindonMars.And,theymustbeeasytorepairandkeepcleanduringalongerflighttoandfromtheredplanet.A．Radiationfromthesunisanotherriskinspace.B．Thecoldofspacewillfreezeskininashorttime.C．Today,astronautswearverydifferentprotectiveclothing.D．SpecialspacesuitshavebeenusedforexplorationofMars.E．EMUhasmanypartsthatcanbelinkedtogetherbyusingtwohands.F．Itwasalargedevicethatlookedlikeacansurroundedthepilot'shead.G．BecauseofthegravityonMars,spacesuitsmayhavetobedesignedtobelighterthansuitsusedinorbitoronthemoon.課時作業(yè)(十七)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。把人送入太空可能會成為頭條新聞，但在科學(xué)方面并沒有多少用處。因此當(dāng)喬治·布什重新指揮NASA從科學(xué)研究轉(zhuǎn)向載人重返月球時，許多科學(xué)家感到失望。1．答案與解析：D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一句話的意思是，把人送入太空也許能成為頭條新聞，但是對科學(xué)研究卻沒有多大幫助。故選D項。2．答案與解析：A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段提到，該射電望遠(yuǎn)鏡的最大特點在于能夠探測到那些無法在地球表面被檢測到的長波。3．答案與解析：B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Themostexciting”說明了作者的支持態(tài)度。同樣，最后一段中作者對這些月球計劃所代表的“奮進(jìn)”精神大加贊賞，同樣表達(dá)了一種支持的態(tài)度。4．答案與解析：C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。A選項錯誤的原因在于尋找外星人只是一種可能性，至于結(jié)果是不確定的。B選項錯誤的原因在于該研究定位于太陽風(fēng)和月球稀薄的大氣層之間的關(guān)系，而不是和地球大氣層的關(guān)系。D選項錯誤的原因在于這四項研究與“奮進(jìn)”號航天飛機(jī)并沒有很大的關(guān)系。B【語篇解讀】本文為一篇記敘文。作者講述了自己從看到一張從外太空拍攝的地球照片開始對拍攝天體感興趣。作者有一次為了參加比賽去拍攝彗星，卻因為一只突然躥出來的貓而沒有拍成，但作者對拍攝天體的熱愛絲毫未減。5．答案與解析：D主旨大意題。綜觀全文可知，作者從看到一張從外太空拍攝的地球照片開始對拍攝天體感興趣，重點講述了自己拍攝彗星時遇到的趣事，文章最后總結(jié)天體攝影是有趣的工作。由此可見全文主要講述作者成為天體攝影師的過程。故選D項。6．答案與解析：C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的ThenonedayIsawaposteroftheEarthtakenfromouterspace.Posterslike