2021年福建省廈門市高考英語第三次質(zhì)檢試卷(附詳解)

第=page22頁，共=sectionpages22頁第=page11頁，共=sectionpages11頁2021年福建省廈門市高考英語第三次質(zhì)檢試卷一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共37.5分）ACLIP

Ifyou'relookingforane-bikeexperiencewithoutgettingridofyourfavoritetwo-wheeler,theCLIPisforyou.It'safriction-drive（摩擦驅(qū)動(dòng)的）motorthateasilyattachestothefrontwheelofyourbike,itsrollerhelpingspeedyouaroundfasterthanyoucanpedal.It'sremovable,soyoucanchargeitunderyourdeskoratyourdestination.

YakimaCBXSolar

ToppedwithSunflaresolarpanels,Yakima'snewCBXSolarrooftopcargo（貨物）boxisequippedwithtwoUSBportsandcanpoweryourcampsiteonanovernighttriporkeepyourdeviceschargedwithouthavingtouseyourcarbattery.Plus,theCBXSolarhasmorethanenoughroomtoholdyoursportsequipment.

NuhearaIQbuds2MAX

Wirelessearbuds（耳塞）areincreasinglycapableofblockingthenoiseoftheoutsideworldwhileyoulistentotunes.Butwhenyoucan'thearthepersonrightinfrontofyou,it'dbeniceiftheyofferedalittlehelp.TheIQbuds2MAXareonthecase.Theyaretheonlywirelessbudsthatfeaturebothactivenoisecancellationandaudio-processingtechnologycapableofidentifyinghumanconversations,whichtuneouteverythingexceptthepeopleorsoundsyouwanttohear.

GuardhatHC1Communicator

Besidesheadinjuries,industrialworkersalsofaceotherdangersatworksites.Guardhat'snewtech-enabledhardhat,theHC1Communicator,canhelpkeepthoseworkerssafe.TheCommunicatormonitorsthewearer'slocationinrealtime；allowsthemtomakehands-freevideoandaudiocalls；anddetectstheirnearnesstodangerousmaterials,temperaturesandmovingequipment.WhichofthefollowingcanpoweryourBluetoothspeaker？______A.CLIP. B.YakimaCBXSolar.

C.NuhearaIQbuds2MAX. D.GuardhatHClCommunicator.Comparedwithotherwirelessearbuds,theIQbuds2MAXareuniquein______.A.blockingthenoise B.musicplaying

C.conversationcapability D.sortingoutsoundsWhat'sthetextmainlyabout？______A.Introductionofnewinventions.

B.Safetyrulesforworkers.

C.Commentsonhigh-techdevices.

D.Adviceonvehiclechoices.BWhenyouthinkofChinesefoodintheU.S.，friedrice,orGeneralTso'schickenmayfirstcometomind.ButanewmuseumexhibitioninNewYorkCityistryingtoexpandvisitors'palates（味蕾）.ItfeaturesstoriesoffamouscookslikeMartinYanandhomecookswhosefoodrepresents18differentregionalcookingstylesofChina.

"Ithinkit'sunfairtojustclassifyChinesecookingasone,"saysKianLamKho,aco-curator（策展人）of"Sour,Sweet,Bitter,Spicy：StoriesofChineseFoodandIdentityinAmerica"attheMuseumofChineseinAmerica."Evenwiththesamedishorsamecuisine,everyfamilyhasadifferentvariation."That'swhythecuratorssayifyouwanttotastethefullrangeofChinesecuisineintheU.S.，you'llneedtogobeyondrestaurantsandintohomekitchens,whichcanplayacentralroleinmanyimmigrants'lives.

"Thekitchenitselfiskindofacomfortwhenyoucometoanewcountry.That'stheoneplacewhereyousetupasyourhomebase,andyoucookthingsthatyourememberfromyourpast,"explainsco-curatorAudraAng.

OneofthehomecooksshowcasedintheexhibitionisNiBiying,80，ofManhattan.Sheworkedasalive-inbabysitterforyearsbeforeshecouldfinallyaffordtorentahomewithherownkitchen.Thesedays,youcanusuallyfindhermovingaroundherone-bedroomapartmentasasweetsmellofvinegarandricewinefloatsfromherstove.ForNi,asmalldinnerforfriendsandfamilymeanspreparingalmostadozendifferentdishes.Shelearnedsomeofhertechniquesfromherfather,whomademostofherfamily'smealswhenshewasachild."Istillmakethebeefwithstir-friedcelerymyfatherusedtocook,"shesays.Andit'sthekindofcomfortfoodthatdefinesChinesefoodforNi.Whatisthenewmuseumexhibitionmainlyabout？______A.StoriesofChinesefoodandcooks.

B.Explorationoffamousrestaurants.

C.HistoryofChineseimmigration.

D.Cuisineofdifferentcountries.Whydoesthekitchenplayakeyroleinmanyimmigrants'lives？______A.Itprovidesawealthylife.

B.Ithelpsthemtoacceptnewcultures.

C.Itbringsasenseofbelonging.

D.Itenablesthemtoforgetthepast.WhatcanwelearnaboutNiBiyingfromparagraph4？______A.SheworkedinaChineserestaurant.

B.Shemademostmealsasachild.

C.Shelearnedcookingfromherfather.

D.Sheliveswithabigfamily.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext？______A.ChineseRestaurantTellsImmigrantTales

B.HomeCookingBringsMoretotheTable

C.ImmigrantsSeektheirFortuneintheU.S.

D.CuisineGainsNewVariationsCLifecontinuallyrequiresthatwewritedownafewwordsofthanks：forholidays,meals,presentsorpeople'splaceinourhearts.However,toooften,ourmessagesendupflatorsomewhatunconvincing.Tomakeourmessagesmoreeffective,wemighttakealessonfromthehistoryofart.

Tosomeextent,whatdistinguishesgreatfromcommonartisthelevelofdetailwithwhichtheworldhasbeenstudied.Atalentedartistis,firstandforemost,someonewhotakesusintothespecificsofthereasonswhyanexperienceoraplacefeltvaluable.Theydon'tmerelytellusthatspringis'nice'，theyzeroinontheparticularcontributingfactorstothisniceness：leavesthathavethesoftnessofanewborn'shands,thecontrastbetweenawarmsunandasharpbreeze,thesoftcryofbabyblackbirds

Someofthereasonwhygreatartistsarerareisthatourmindsarenotwellsetuptounderstandwhywefeelaswedo.Butwecanbeconfidentifourmindshavebeenaffected,thereasonswhythey'vebeensowillbesomewhere,waitingtobeuncovered.Westandtorealisethatitwasn'tsomuchthatthefoodwas'delicious'；butthatthepotatoesinparticularhadacharmingrosemaryandgarlicflavour.Afriendwasn'tjust'nice'；theybroughtinahugelysensitiveandgeneroustonetobearinaskinguswhatithadbeenlikeforuswhenwesuffered.Thedetailswillbethere,waitingforustocatchthem.

Wedon'thavetobegreatartiststosendeffectivethank-younotes.Wejustneedtolocateandholdontightlytotwoorthreehighlydetailedreasonsforourgratitude.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph1？______A.Weseldomexpressgratitudebywriting.

B.Weusuallyfindmessagesofthankstouching.

C.Weshouldtakeacourseformessagewriting.

D.Wemaydrawinspirationforthank-yousfromarts.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"zeroinon"inparagraph2probablymean？______A.Leaveout. B.Clearup. C.Focuson. D.Holdback.Howisparagraph3developed？______A.Byclassification. B.Byexample.

C.Bydefinition. D.Byprocess.Whichwouldtheauthorrecommendtoexpressgratitude？______A.Iamblessedtohavesuchawonderfulweek.

B.Yourcaringandwarmsmilelightsupmyday.

C.Thankyousomuchforyourgreatpresent.

D.ThisisthemostdeliciousdinnerI'veeverhad.DIt'smid-FebruaryandalongBritain'ssouthcoastgilt-headbream（鯛魚）areswimmingfromtheopenseaintotherivermouths.Andthissummer,countrysidevisitorsthroughoutsouthernEnglandwillcatchsightofblueflashesassmallred-eyeddamselfliesflyacrossstarryponds.Botheventsarehappeningmuchfurthernorththantheywouldhave20yearsago.

Fingerspointatclimatechange.Asareasbecometoohotordry,manywildlifepopulationsaredeclining,whilesomespeciesareshowingupinplacesthatwerehistoricallytoocoldorwet.

Ourteam,ledbyAlbaEstrada,wantedtoexplainthisphenomenon.Ifwecouldpredictwhichspeciescanandcan'tcolonise（移居于）newlocations,wecoulddecidewhicharemostinneedofconservation.

Howfarindividualanimalsorplantseedscanmovewaslongthoughttobethemostimportantfactor.Butaccordingtoourfindings,othercharacteristicsalsoturnedouttobehighlyimportant.Forexample,howquicklyplantsandanimalscanproduce,howwelltheycancompetewithotherspeciesforresources,andwhatkindsoffoodtheycaneatorhabitattheycanlivein.

Theresultofthisisthatwemightbeabletopredictwhichanimalswillsurviveunderclimatechange.ThewoodmouseisfoundthroughoutcontinentalEurope.Asclimatechanges,wethinkthemousewillmovenorthbecauseitcanbreedquickly,liveinlotsofhabitats,hasabroaddiet,andindividualscantravelalongway.Ontheotherhand,considertheEuropeangroundsquirrel.WethinkitmightstayjustinsoutheastEuropebecauseitcanonlyliveingrasslands—andclimatechangewon'tsuddenlyturnfarmsandforestsintomeadows（草坪）.

It'sencouragingtoknowthatsomespeciesaredoingwellunderclimatechange.Therearesomeheadaches,however.Thosegilt-headbreamarefeedingonthelocalshellfish,whichmightbetakingfoodawayfromthenativefish.Smallred-eyeddamselflieslookgreat,buttheycouldbecomealltoocommonaroundBritishpondsandoutcompetenativespecies.Climatechangeisonceagainposingussometrickyconservationquestions.Wecanlearnfromparagraphs1&2that______.A.peopleholdeventstoobservedifferentspecies

B.visitorshavedamagedthehomesofmanyspecies

C.speciespreferredextremelycoldandwetenvironment

D.climatechangemakessomespeciesmovetonewareasWhat'sparagraph4mainlyabout？______A.Whatfactorscaninfluencecolonisation.

B.Howfarindividualanimalscantravel.

C.Whysomespeciesaredeclining.

D.Wheremostspeciestendtolive.Whichmightstandtheleastchanceofcolonisation？______A.Gilt-headbream. B.Red-eyeddamselflies.

C.Woodmice. D.Groundsquirrels.What'stheteam'sattitudetowardsthecolonisation？______A.Ambiguous. B.Doubtful. C.Objective. D.Optimistic.二、閱讀七選五（本大題共5小題，共12.5分）Ifyou'reanun-decider,eventhesimplestdecisionscanmakeyourpulserace.（1）______.Herearesomestrategiesforspendinglesstimeworryingaboutdecisions.

Goforgoodenough

Sinceperfectionismandindecisionoftengohandinhand,youshouldbemovingfromamind-setthat"onlythebestwilldo"to"goodenoughisgoodenough".Ithelpstoreflectonyouroriginalgoal.Didyoubegintheexhaustingonlineshoppingtofindatoasterthatcouldcleanitself,roastcarrotsandalsochargeyourcellphone？Orwereyoujustlookingforsomethingthatwouldbrownyourbread？（2）______.

Outsource（外包）decisions

Researchhasshownthatchoicesweakenthewillpowerandleadtodecisionfatigue（疲勞）.That'swhyindecisivepeopleareadvisedtopicktheir"battles".（3）______.Whenitcomestowine,forexample,allIwantisagoodglasswithdinner.Soratherthanstudyingwhichtochoose,Ileavethedecisiontomylocalwinestore,askingittosendmeacaseofsurprisesonceinawhile.

The90percentRule

Whenayes-or-nodecisionhasmanyprosandcons,trythe"90percentrule".Thisinvolvesevaluatinganopportunityonascalefrom0to100.Ifyourinterestfallsanywherebelow90percent,reduceitsscoretozeroandrejectit.（4）______.Whywouldyoudeliberatelychoosetofeelthatwayaboutanimportantchoiceinyourlife？

（5）______

Ifyou'redecidingwhethertomoveacrossthecountry,imagineyou'veaskedyourbestfriendtochooseforyou.Onthebigday,shehandsyouanenvelope；inside,itannouncesyou'releavingnextmonth.Doyoufeelexcited？Ordisappointed？Usingthoughtexperimentstoseparateimportantvariablescanhelpyoucutthroughthefogtoseeclarity.

A.Cutthroughthefog

B.Turntofriendsforhelp

C.Youcouldrelyonhabitsandroutines

D.Inotherwords,bechoosyaboutchoosing

E.Rememberingyourpurposecansimplifytheprocess

F.Thinkabouthowyou'dfeelifyouscoreda65onsometest

G.Andbig,life-changingchoicescancauseastateofbreakingdown

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大題共15小題，共15.0分）WhileTexanswereinthethickoftheirunprecedented（前所未有的）winterstorm,ChelseaTimmonswasbravingtheelementstodelivergroceries.Shehadjusttapped"accept"onherfinal（1）______ofthedaywhenstormstartedpickingup.Chelsea（2）______andmadeittohercustomer'shome,butthentheworsthappened：Hercarwas（3）______.

Withtheroadsas（4）______astheywere,hercarsliddownthedriveway.（5）______，itstoppedjustshortofthehouse.However,itgotstuck.Thehouseownerswereboth（6）______andconcernedwhenChelseaexplainedwhathadhappened.

Threeofthemtriedeverypossiblemeansto（7）______hercar,butinvain.That'swhenthecoupletooktheneighborlynextstep：They（8）______herin.

Chelseawas（9）______comingintoastranger'shome.Afterspendingmoretimewiththecoupleandrealizingthestormmade（10）______toodangerous,shewasrelievedtoaccepttheir（11）______.Later,theycookedherdinnerand（12）______onebedroom.

Chelseawastouchedandevenmore（13）______fortheirgenerositywhenlearningherapartmentlostelectricityandwaterasthe（14）______worsened.

"I'mgladthatsuchwonderfulpeople（15）______me.Itturnedouttobethebest-casescenario."

A.feedback B.report C.paycheck D.order

A.pushedthrough B.pulledback

C.hungabout D.tookover

A.outofcontrol B.underguarantee

C.atrest D.onfire

A.dusty B.icy C.empty D.busy

A.Annoyingly B.Instantly C.Luckily D.Apparently

A.excited B.satisfied C.annoyed D.shocked

A.lock B.paint C.free D.wash

A.boxed B.filled C.dragged D.invited

A.nervous B.comfortable C.relaxed D.ridiculous

A.shopping B.travel C.accommodation D.entertainment

A.offer B.appointment C.challenge D.service

A.decorated B.aired C.spared D.booked

A.eager B.ready C.sorry D.grateful

A.pain B.market C.storm D.confusion

A.followed B.sheltered C.called D.cured四、語法填空（本大題共1小題，共15.0分）Whenitcomestobeingfitandhealthy,we'reoftenreminded（1）______（aim）towalk10，000stepsperday.Thiscanbeafrustratingtargettoachieve,especiallywhenwe'rebusywithworkandother（2）______（commitment）.

However,recentresearchfromHarvardMedicalSchoolhasshownthat,（3）______average,approximately4，400stepsadayisenoughtosignificantlyreducetheriskofdeathinwomen.Thiswas（4）______itwascomparedtoonlywalkingaround2，700stepsdaily.Themorestepspeoplewalked,the（5）______（low）theirriskofdyingwas,beforelevelingoffataround7，500stepsperday.No（6）______（addition）benefitswereseenwithmoresteps.Althoughit'suncertainwhethersimilarresultswouldbeseeninmen,it'soneexampleofhowmoving（7）______littlebitmoredailycanimprovehealthandreduceriskofdeath.

Ifyouthinksittingatthedeskalldayisbadand（8）______（simple）wanttomovemore,oneeasywaytodothatistoaddabout2，000stepstoyourcurrentstepcount.Walkingtowork,（9）______（take）partinanonlineexerciseprogramormeetingwithfriendsforawalkalso（10）______（work）toeasilygetmorephysicalactivity.五、書面表達(dá)（本大題共2小題，共40.0分）假定你是校英文報(bào)EnglishSky的編輯李華，近期"文化古跡之旅"專欄向全校同學(xué)征集稿件。請(qǐng)你寫一封征稿啟事，內(nèi)容包括：

1.稿件要求；

2.投稿方式（Englishsky@126.com）；

3.截止期限。

注意：

1.詞數(shù)80左右；

2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

參考詞匯：relic古跡

ContributionsWanted_________.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

Afewyearsago,Iwasunemployedafterjustgettingbackonmyfeetfromillness.Althoughupset,IdecidedtoblowmysavingsandgotoAustraliaonmyownforsixmonths,whichturnedintotwoyears!

Travellingalone,ontheothersideoftheworld,wasscaryandIfacedsomanychallengesthatletmeseethekindnessinhumanity（人性）.ThemostnotableformewasjustafterIhadbeengrantedmysecondyearvisa,havingonly﹩20lefttomyname.

Iappliedforajobthroughanagency,wasofferedthejobbuttoldtoreturnforasecondinterviewwiththeofficemanager,suitrequired.Ipiecedtogetherasuitfromacharityshopwithmylastdollars.Ihadarrangedabanktransferfromhomebutabankholidayhadseverelydelayedthespeedofthetransfer,soIwasleftwithnomoneyforfood.

Atthesecondinterview,mystomachbetrayedmyhungerandItriedtojokeaboutmyfinancialdifficulties.Themanagerofferedtogivememoneythereandthen,despitenotofficiallyofferingmethejob.Istubbornlyrefused,butpromisedifmymoneywasdelayedfurtherIwouldaccepthiskindgesture.Igotthejob!

Afterthis,Ifoundanapartmentandusedmymoneyfromhometocoverrentandadeposit,knowingIhaveajobandawagetocome.IthoughtthingswerelookingupuntilImovedintotheapartmentanddiscoveredmyhousematewasacompletelycrazyperson.

Twoweekslater,IrealizedIcouldn'tstaythereandgavenoticetoleaveafterIfoundanotherapartmentaroundthecorner.AgainIthoughtIhaddodgedabullet（逃過一劫）andthingswereOK.IwasfourdaysintomynewjobandarrangingtomoveintothenewapartmentwhenIgotatextfrommynewlandlordthedaybeforeIwasduetomovein,apologizingandsayingtheroomwasn'tavailable.

Para1：Ihonestlydidn'tknowwhattodo._________.

Para2：Everyoneintheofficewassolovelytomethatday._________.

答案和解析1.【答案】【小題1】B【小題2】D【小題3】A

【解析】（1）B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文Yakima

CBX

Solar重的Topped

with

Sunflare

solar

panels,Yakima's

new

CBX

Solar

rooftop

cargo（貨物）box

is

equipped

with

two

USB

ports

and

can

power

your

campsite

on

an

overnight

trip

or

keep

your

devices

charged

without

having

to

use

your

car

battery.

（Yakima

的新CBX太陽能屋頂貨箱頂部裝有太陽耀斑太陽能電池板，配有兩個(gè)USB端口，可以在夜間為您的露營(yíng)地供電，也可以在不使用汽車電池的情況下為您的設(shè)備充電。）可知在這個(gè)設(shè)備里提供充電功能。故選B.

（2）D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文Nuheara

IQbuds2

MAX中的Theyaretheonlywirelessbudsthatfeaturebothactivenoisecancellationandaudio-processingtechnologycapableofidentifyinghumanconversations,whichtuneouteverythingexceptthepeopleorsoundsyouwanttohear.（它們是唯一的一種具有主動(dòng)噪音消除和音頻處理技術(shù)，能夠識(shí)別人類對(duì)話的無線耳機(jī)，除了你想聽的人或聲音外，它會(huì)屏蔽掉一切。）可知在這個(gè)設(shè)備里提供編輯以整理聲音的功能。D.sortingoutsounds（整理聲音）正確。故選D.

（3）A.主旨大意題。通讀全文，可知文章旨在介紹幾項(xiàng)新的小發(fā)明，這些發(fā)明讓你的生活更加便利。因此A.Introductionofnewinventions.（新發(fā)明的介紹）正確。故選A.

這是一篇廣告文。文章旨在介紹幾項(xiàng)新的小發(fā)明，這些發(fā)明讓你的生活更加便利。

做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。推理判斷題也是要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案，切忌胡亂猜測(cè)，一定要做到有理有據(jù)。

4.【答案】【小題1】A【小題2】C【小題3】C【小題4】B

【解析】（1）A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句"ItfeaturesstoriesoffamouscookslikeMartinYanandhomecookswhosefoodrepresents18differentregionalcookingstylesofChina.（它講述了著名廚師的故事，如閻馬丁和家庭廚師，他們的食物代表了中國(guó)18種不同的地方烹飪風(fēng)格。）"可知，新博物館的展覽主要是關(guān)于中國(guó)食物和廚師的故事。故選A.

（2）C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一句"Thekitchenitselfiskindofacomfortwhenyoucometoanewcountry.（當(dāng)你來到一個(gè)新的國(guó)家，廚房本身就是一種安慰。）"和第二句"That'stheoneplacewhereyousetupasyourhomebase,andyoucookthingsthatyourememberfromyourpast.那是你把它作為你的大本營(yíng)的地方，你烹飪的東西都是你從過去的記憶中得來的。）"可知，廚房在許多移民的生活中起著關(guān)鍵作用是因?yàn)樗鼛硪环N歸屬感。故選C.

（3）C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段倒數(shù)第三句"Shelearnedsomeofhertechniquesfromherfather,whomademostofherfamily'smealswhenshewasachild.（她從父親那里學(xué)到了一些技巧，父親在她小時(shí)候做了家里的大部分飯菜。）"可知，她向她父親學(xué)習(xí)了烹飪。故選C.

（4）B.標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句"That'swhythecuratorssayifyouwanttotastethefullrangeofChinesecuisineintheU.S，you'llneedtogobeyondrestaurantsandintohomekitchens,whichcanplayacentralroleinmanyimmigrants'lives.（這就是為什么館長(zhǎng)們說，如果你想在美國(guó)品嘗全方位的中國(guó)菜，你需要超越餐館，進(jìn)入家庭廚房，而家庭廚房在許多移民的生活中起著核心作用。這就是為什么館長(zhǎng)們說，如果你想在美國(guó)品嘗全方位的中國(guó)菜，你需要超越餐館，進(jìn)入家庭廚房，而家庭廚房在許多移民的生活中起著核心作用）"且文中介紹了家常菜在移民的生活中的核心作用和一位著名的家庭廚師?？芍疚暮线m的標(biāo)題是：家常菜給餐桌帶來更多樂趣。故選B.

這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了家常菜在移民的生活中的核心作用、特點(diǎn)和一位著名的家庭廚師，說明家常菜給餐桌帶來更多樂趣。

做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。推理判斷題也是要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案，切忌胡亂猜測(cè)，一定要做到有理有據(jù)。

8.【答案】【小題1】D【小題2】C【小題3】B【小題4】B

【解析】（1）D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文第一段Tomakeourmessagesmoreeffective,wemighttakealessonfromthehistoryofart.（為了使我們的信息更有效，我們可以從藝術(shù)史中吸取教訓(xùn)。）可知從藝術(shù)中學(xué)會(huì)表達(dá)感激之情是個(gè)不錯(cuò)的選擇。D.Wemaydrawinspirationforthank-yousfromarts.（我們可以從藝術(shù)中獲得感謝的靈感）正確。故選D.

（2）C.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)原文第二段Atalentedartistis,firstandforemost,someonewhotakesusintothespecificsofthereasonswhyanexperienceoraplacefeltvaluable.Theydon'tmerelytellusthatspringis'nice'，theyzeroinontheparticularcontributingfactorstothisniceness：leavesthathavethesoftnessofanewborn'shands,thecontrastbetweenawarmsunandasharpbreeze,thesoftcryofbabyblackbirds（最重要的是，一個(gè)有才華的美術(shù)師能夠引導(dǎo)我們?nèi)チ私鉃槭裁匆环N體驗(yàn)或一個(gè)地方是有價(jià)值的。他們不只是告訴我們春天是"美好的"，他們專注于這種美好的特殊因素：葉子有新生兒的柔軟的手，溫暖的陽光和凜冽的微風(fēng)之間的對(duì)比，嬰兒黑鳥柔和的啼哭）結(jié)合上下文可知?jiǎng)澗€處為"專注；關(guān)注"之意。A.Leaveout.離開；B.Clearup.清理；C.Focuson.關(guān)注；D.Holdback.阻礙。故選C.

（3）B.推理判斷題。根據(jù)原文第三段Westandtorealisethatitwasn'tsomuchthatthefoodwas'delicious'；butthatthepotatoesinparticularhadacharmingrosemaryandgarlicflavour.Afriendwasn'tjust'nice'；theybroughtinahugelysensitiveandgeneroustonetobearinaskinguswhatithadbeenlikeforuswhenwesuffered.Thedetailswillbethere,waitingforustocatchthem.（我們意識(shí)到這并不是說食物"美味"，而是馬鈴薯特別有迷人的迷迭香和大蒜的味道。朋友不只是"好"；他們用非常敏感和慷慨的語氣問我們受苦時(shí)是什么樣子。細(xì)節(jié)就在那里，等著我們?nèi)プニ麄?。）可知作者在這段通過舉例子告訴我們?cè)趺慈ッ枋霾鸥?。A.Byclassification.通過分類；B.Byexample.通過舉例子；C.Bydefinition.通過定義；D.Byprocess.通過過程。故選B.

（4）B.推理判斷題。根據(jù)原文倒數(shù)第二段Thedetailswillbethere,waitingforustocatchthem.（細(xì)節(jié)就在那里，等著我們?nèi)プニ麄儭＃┮约白詈笠欢蜽edon'thavetobegreatartiststosendeffectivethank-younotes.Wejustneedtolocateandholdontightlytotwoorthreehighlydetailedreasonsforourgratitude.（我們不需要成為偉大的藝術(shù)家才能發(fā)送有效的感謝信。我們只需要找到并緊緊抓住兩三個(gè)非常詳細(xì)的理由來表達(dá)我們的感激之情。）可推斷非常要緊的細(xì)節(jié)來表達(dá)感激是很吸引人。B.Yourcaringandwarmsmilelightsupmyday.（你的關(guān)懷和溫暖的微笑照亮了我的一天）符合題意。故選B.

文章介紹了如何去更好的表達(dá)你的感激之情。

做這類閱讀理解，要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。

12.【答案】【小題1】D【小題2】A【小題3】D【小題4】C

【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第一句和第二句"It'smid-FebruaryandalongBritain'ssouthcoastgilt-headbream（鯛魚）areswimmingfromtheopenseaintotherivermouths.Andthissummer,countrysidevisitorsthroughoutsouthernEnglandwillcatchsightofblueflashesassmallred-eyeddamselfliesflyacrossstarryponds.（現(xiàn)在是二月中旬，沿著英國(guó)南部海岸，金頭鯛正從公海游向河口。今年夏天，英格蘭南部的鄉(xiāng)村游客將看到紅色眼睛的小豆娘飛過繁星繁茂的池塘?xí)r的藍(lán)色閃光）"和第二段第一句第二句"Fingerspointatclimatechange.Asareasbecometoohotordry,manywildlifepopulationsaredeclining,whilesomespeciesareshowingupinplacesthatwerehistoricallytoocoldorwet.（手指指向氣候變化。隨著地區(qū)變得太熱或太干，許多野生動(dòng)物的數(shù)量正在下降，而一些物種出現(xiàn)在歷史上太冷或太濕的地方）"可知，氣候變化使一些物種遷移到新的地區(qū)。故選D.

（2）段落大意題。根據(jù)第四段第一句和第二句"Howfarindividualanimalsorplantseedscanmovewaslongthoughttobethemostimportantfactor.Butaccordingtoourfindings,othercharacteristicsalsoturnedouttobehighlyimportant.（長(zhǎng)期以來，動(dòng)物或植物種子能移動(dòng)多遠(yuǎn)被認(rèn)為是最重要的因素。但根據(jù)我們的發(fā)現(xiàn)，其他特征也非常重要）"和第三段第二句"Ifwecouldpredictwhichspeciescanandcan'tcolonise（移居于）newlocations,wecoulddecidewhicharemostinneedofconservation.（如果我們能預(yù)測(cè)哪些物種能和不能在新的地點(diǎn)定居，我們就可以決定哪些物種最需要保護(hù)）"可知，第四段主要是講什么因素可以影響物種的移居。故選A.

（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒第二段最后兩句"Ontheotherhand,considertheEuropeangroundsquirrel.WethinkitmightstayjustinsoutheastEuropebecauseitcanonlyliveingrasslands—andclimatechangewon'tsuddenlyturnfarmsandforestsintomeadows（草坪）.（另一方面，以歐洲地松鼠為例。我們認(rèn)為它可能會(huì)留在東南歐，因?yàn)樗荒苌钤诓菰?，氣候變化不?huì)突然把農(nóng)場(chǎng)和森林變成草地）"可知，歐洲地松鼠可能會(huì)留在東南歐，無法移居。而根據(jù)第一段第一句和第二句"It'smid-FebruaryandalongBritain'ssouthcoastgilt-headbream（鯛魚）areswimmingfromtheopenseaintotherivermouths.Andthissummer,countrysidevisitorsthroughoutsouthernEnglandwillcatchsightofblueflashesassmallred-eyeddamselfliesflyacrossstarryponds.（現(xiàn)在是二月中旬，沿著英國(guó)南部海岸，金頭鯛正從公海游向河口。今年夏天，英格蘭南部的鄉(xiāng)村游客將看到紅色眼睛的小豆娘飛過繁星繁茂的池塘?xí)r的藍(lán)色閃光）"和第五段第二句第三句"ThewoodmouseisfoundthroughoutcontinentalEurope.Asclimatechanges,wethinkthemousewillmovenorthbecauseitcanbreedquickly,liveinlotsofhabitats,hasabroaddiet,andindividualscantravelalongway.（木老鼠遍布?xì)W洲大陸。隨著氣候變化，我們認(rèn)為老鼠會(huì)向北遷移，因?yàn)樗敝逞杆?，生活在許多棲息地，飲食廣泛，個(gè)體可以長(zhǎng)途旅行）"可知，金頭鯛、紅色眼睛的小豆娘和木老鼠都可以移居，所以歐洲地松鼠最不可能移居。故選D.

（4）情感態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句和第二句"It'sencouragingtoknowthatsomespeciesaredoingwellunderclimatechange.Therearesomeheadaches,however.（令人鼓舞的是，一些物種在氣候變化下表現(xiàn)良好。不過，也有一些令人頭痛的問題）"可知，團(tuán)隊(duì)對(duì)動(dòng)物移居的態(tài)度是客觀的。A.

Ambiguous模棱兩可的；B.

Doubtful懷疑的；C.

Objective客觀的；D.

Optimistic樂觀的。故選C.

這是一篇說明文。氣候變化使一些物種遷移到新的地區(qū)，作者的研究團(tuán)隊(duì)試圖解釋這個(gè)現(xiàn)象，并對(duì)這個(gè)現(xiàn)象帶來的利弊進(jìn)行了分析。

1．直接信息題：

直接信息題是指能夠直接從原文中找到信息，選項(xiàng)在語言表達(dá)上與原文基本一致的題目。

2．間接信息題：

間接信息題是能夠從原文中找到信息，但在語言表達(dá)上與原文有差異，做題時(shí)需要對(duì)原文信息進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換。

3．綜合信息題：

綜合信息題是指這類題目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句話，可能是原文的幾句話，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求學(xué)生把原文所提供的信息綜合起來分析，而不能斷章取義。

16.【答案】【小題1】G【小題2】E【小題3】D【小題4】F【小題5】A

【解析】（1）G.推理判斷題。根據(jù)前文"Ifyou'reanun-decider,eventhesimplestdecisionscanmakeyourpulserace.（如果你是一個(gè)決定困難的人，即使是最簡(jiǎn)單的決定也會(huì)讓你心跳加速）"可知，此處是講對(duì)于一個(gè)有決定困難的人，做決定會(huì)讓他非常緊張，選項(xiàng)G"而改變生活的重大選擇會(huì)導(dǎo)致崩潰"也是講做決定對(duì)這種人的影響，切合文意。故選G.

（2）E.推理判斷題。根據(jù)前文"Ithelpstoreflectonyouroriginalgoal.（它有助于反思你最初的目標(biāo)）"可知，此處是指要記住你的目標(biāo)是什么，對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)E中的"Rememberingyourpurpose"，根據(jù)前文"Didyoubegintheexhaustingonlineshoppingtofindatoasterthatcouldcleanitself,roastcarrotsandalsochargeyourcellphone？Orwereyoujustlookingforsomethingthatwouldbrownyourbread？（你開始在網(wǎng)上購物的時(shí)候，是不是發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)可以自己清洗、烤胡蘿卜和給手機(jī)充電的烤面包機(jī)？或者你只是在找能讓你的面包變褐色的東西？）"可知，選項(xiàng)E中的theprocess是指這個(gè)選擇過程，而記住最初的目的可以簡(jiǎn)化這個(gè)過程，所以選項(xiàng)E"記住你的目的可以簡(jiǎn)化這個(gè)過程"切合文意。故選E.

（3）D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)前文"That'swhyindecisivepeopleareadvisedtopicktheir"battles".（這就是為什么優(yōu)柔寡斷的人被建議選擇他們的"戰(zhàn)斗"）"可知，優(yōu)柔寡斷的人的戰(zhàn)斗就是"選擇"，所以此處是指選擇他們的"選擇"，和"bechoosyaboutchoosing"意思相同，對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)D中的"Inotherwords"。根據(jù)后文"Whenitcomestowine,forexample,allIwantisagoodglasswithdinner.Soratherthanstudyingwhichtochoose,Ileavethedecisiontomylocalwinestore,askingittosendmeacaseofsurprisesonceinawhile.（例如，說到葡萄酒，我只想在晚餐時(shí)喝上一杯。因此，我沒有研究該選哪一種，而是把決定權(quán)交給了當(dāng)?shù)氐钠咸丫频辏屗紶柦o我寄一箱驚喜）"可知，此處就是指把選擇權(quán)交給別人，然后對(duì)別人提供的選擇進(jìn)行挑剔。所以選項(xiàng)D"換言之，對(duì)選擇要有選擇"切合文意。故選D.

（4）F.推理判斷題。前文"Ifyourinterestfallsanywherebelow90percent,reduceitsscoretozeroandrejectit.（如果你的興趣在90%以下，把分?jǐn)?shù)減到零，然后拒絕）"對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)F中的scored,根據(jù)后文"Whywouldyoudeliberatelychoosetofeelthatwayaboutanimportantchoiceinyourlife？（為什么你會(huì)故意對(duì)你生命中的一個(gè)重要選擇有這種感覺？）"可知，此處是指想象一下自己在測(cè)試中得了65分時(shí)的感覺，想一想為什么你會(huì)故意對(duì)你生命中的一個(gè)重要選擇有這種感覺。所以選項(xiàng)F"想想如果你在考試中得了65分你會(huì)有什么感覺"切合文意。故選F.

（5）A.標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)后文"Usingthoughtexperimentstoseparateimportantvariablescanhelpyoucutthroughthefogtoseeclarity.（利用思維實(shí)驗(yàn)來分離重要的變量，可以幫助你撥開迷霧，看清真相）"可知，此處是指撥開迷霧，看清真相。所以選項(xiàng)A"撥開迷霧"切合文意。故選A.

這是一篇說明文。很多人都有決策困難，作者在文中介紹了幾個(gè)減少為決策操心的時(shí)間的策略。

技巧

①通讀全文，了解文章大意；

②細(xì)讀七個(gè)選項(xiàng)，找出和文章相對(duì)應(yīng)的關(guān)鍵詞，分析選項(xiàng)間的邏輯關(guān)系；

③根據(jù)文章整體結(jié)構(gòu)、具體內(nèi)容，結(jié)合關(guān)鍵詞，選出最佳選項(xiàng)；

④將所選答案代入文中，再次通讀全文，重點(diǎn)查看邏輯關(guān)系和關(guān)聯(lián)結(jié)構(gòu)是否合理。

21.【答案】【小題1】D【小題2】A【小題3】A【小題4】B【小題5】C【小題6】D【小題7】C【小題8】D【小題9】A【小題10】B【小題11】A【小題12】C【小題13】D【小題14】C【小題15】B

【解析】（1）D．考查名詞及語境理解。A.feedback反饋；B.report報(bào)告；C.paycheck薪水；D.order訂單。根據(jù)下文"madeittohercustomer'shome"（去了客戶家）可知，此處是指訂單。故選D.

（2）A．考查動(dòng)詞短語及語境理解。A.pushedthrough排除困難辦好某事；B.pulledback拉回；C.hungabout徘徊，閑蕩；D.tookover接管。根據(jù)上文"WhileTexanswereinthethickoftheirunprecedented（前所未有的）winterstorm,ChelseaTimmonswasbravingtheelementstodelivergroceries."（當(dāng)